Method for reducing heating energy consumption of building

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for reducing heating energy consumption of a building. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, an air interlayer structure is arranged on the surface of an outer wall of the building; secondly, an adjustable ventilation opening is formed in the top of the air interlayer; thirdly, air in the interlayer is heated through solar radiation; according to the air interlayer structure, solar energy is actively absorbed through the air interlayer structure and converted into heat energy, dependence on traditional heating energy is reduced, and low carbon and energy saving are achieved; the air interlayer absorbs and stores heat in the daytime and forms a heat preservation layer after being closed at night, heat loss of the building outer wall is reduced, and the continuity of the heating effect is prolonged. Self-driven airflow is formed by using a hot air rising principle, additional mechanical power is not needed, and the system operation energy consumption and the maintenance cost are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building energy consumption, and particularly relates to a method for reducing building heating energy consumption. Background Art

[0002] Traditional building heating systems mainly rely on active heat sources (such as boilers, electric heaters, etc.) to provide heat to the indoor environment. This approach has the following problems: Traditional heating systems usually use fossil fuels or electricity as the main energy sources, not only resulting in relatively high operating costs but also exacerbating energy consumption and carbon emissions; when the insulation performance of building envelopes (such as exterior walls and windows) is insufficient, indoor heat is easily dissipated through conduction, convection, and radiation, leading to reduced heating efficiency; although existing building energy-saving technologies (such as thickening insulation layers, using double-glazed windows, etc.) can reduce heat loss, they cannot actively utilize renewable energy in the environment (such as solar energy) to supplement heating requirements. There is an urgent need for a building heating energy-saving method with a simple structure, controllable costs, and effective utilization of natural energy to reduce dependence on traditional heating systems and improve overall energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for reducing building heating energy consumption, comprising the following steps: Step 1, setting an air interlayer structure on the surface of the building exterior wall; Step 2, opening an adjustable ventilation opening at the top of the air interlayer; Step 3, using solar radiation to heat the air inside the interlayer; Step 4, adjusting the opening and closing state of the ventilation opening through a temperature control device to achieve hot air circulation.

[0004] As an improvement of the present invention, Step 1 includes constructing a sealed cavity parallel to the wall on the outer side of the building exterior wall to form a vertically penetrating air interlayer.

[0005] As an improvement of the present invention, the outer surface of the air interlayer is made of a dark heat-absorbing material.

[0006] Based on the above technical features, the dark heat-absorbing material is a composite heat-absorbing structure, including a surface layer of dark porous material on the outer layer for enhancing solar radiation absorption, an intermediate aluminum foil reflective layer for reducing outward heat radiation loss, and an inner layer of heat-conducting ribs for expanding the contact heat exchange area with the air in the interlayer.

[0007] As an improvement of the present invention, Step 2 includes setting an openable and closable ventilation device with temperature-sensitive characteristics at the top of the interlayer and a dust-proof air intake structure at the bottom.

[0008] As an improvement of the present invention, the ventilation opening is in linkage control with the building internal ventilation system.

[0009] Based on the above technical features, the ventilation opening forms a linkage control with the internal building ventilation system, and the linkage control is carried out through the following steps: an auxiliary air outlet is arranged at the building cornice or high-level window; when the mezzanine ventilation opening is opened, the corresponding air outlet inside the building is linked to open to form a complete air flow channel; a pneumatic balance valve is used to adjust the ratio of the air inflow and outflow.

[0010] As an improvement of the present invention, step three includes absorbing solar radiation through the outer surface of the mezzanine to heat the air in the cavity, forming natural convection driven by a temperature gradient.

[0011] As an improvement of the present invention, an air filtering device is arranged at the bottom of the air mezzanine.

[0012] Based on the above technical features, the air filtering device adopts a multi-layer progressive filtering structure, including an outermost insect-proof grid, a middle detachable fiber filtering layer, an innermost electrostatic adsorption device, and the filtering unit is inclined to guide the air flow direction.

[0013] As an improvement of the present invention, step four includes that when the air temperature in the mezzanine reaches a threshold value, the temperature control device automatically opens the top ventilation opening, so that the hot air enters the room through the upper opening of the building, and at the same time, the cold air at the bottom is supplemented into the mezzanine to form a continuous heat cycle.

[0014] As an improvement of the present invention, baffle plates are arranged in the mezzanine to extend the air retention time.

[0015] Based on the above technical features, the setting method of the baffle plates includes wavy guide plates arranged in a staggered manner in the mezzanine cavity, turbulence protrusions are arranged on the surface of the guide plates, the plate body forms a specific inclination angle with the outer wall to change the air flow rising path, and the rotatable plate body unit is used to adapt to the seasonal change requirements.

[0016] As an improvement of the present invention, for the system for reducing the building heating energy consumption used in the method, the system includes a solar air collector mezzanine, a temperature control ventilation device, an air flow guiding structure, a filtering and dust-proof component, and a linkage control system. The solar air collector mezzanine is arranged on the outer side of the building exterior wall to form a sealed cavity, absorb solar energy and heat the internal air. The temperature control ventilation device is located at the top of the mezzanine and automatically adjusts the opening and closing according to the temperature to control the flow of hot air. The air flow guiding structure includes baffle plates and guide ribs to optimize the air flow path in the mezzanine. The filtering and dust-proof component sets an air inlet filtering device at the bottom of the mezzanine, and the linkage control system is linked with the building ventilation system to realize the directional transportation of hot air.

[0017] Based on the above technical features, during the solar heat collection stage, during the day, sunlight shines on the outer surface of the air sandwich, and the dark heat-absorbing material absorbs radiant energy and heats the air inside the sandwich, forming a high-temperature area. During the hot air circulation stage, when the air temperature inside the sandwich reaches the set threshold, the top vent automatically opens, and the hot air naturally rises due to the decrease in density, enters the room through the upper opening of the building, and at the same time, cold air at the bottom replenishes and enters the sandwich, forming continuous convection. During the night heat preservation stage, when the external temperature drops or there is no sunlight, the vent closes, and the static air inside the sandwich forms a heat insulation layer, reducing the heat loss of the building.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention actively absorbs solar energy through the air sandwich structure and converts it into heat energy, reducing the dependence on traditional heating energy sources and achieving low-carbon energy conservation; the air sandwich absorbs and stores heat during the day and forms a heat preservation layer after being closed at night, reducing the heat loss of the building exterior wall and prolonging the persistence of the heating effect; using the principle of hot air rising to form a self-driven air flow, without additional mechanical power, reducing the system operation energy consumption and maintenance cost; the external air sandwich structure can adapt to different building types, is suitable for both new buildings and is also convenient for the renovation of existing buildings, without significantly changing the original structure; by adjusting the vents and deflectors, the heating effect can be enhanced in winter, and it can be switched to a ventilation and heat dissipation mode in summer, achieving annual energy-saving regulation; a filtering device can be combined during the air circulation process to reduce the entry of external dust and pollutants and improve the comfort of the indoor environment. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the flowchart of the method for reducing the heating energy consumption of a building according to the present invention; Figure 2 is the flowchart of the dual-mode control strategy for reducing the heating energy consumption of a building according to the present invention; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the air filtering device for reducing the heating energy consumption of a building according to the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] The following further clarifies the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0021] Embodiment: As Figure 1 shown, a method for reducing the heating energy consumption of a building includes the following steps: Step 1, set an air sandwich structure on the surface of the building exterior wall; Step 2, open an adjustable vent at the top of the air sandwich; Step 3, use solar radiation to heat the air inside the sandwich; Step 4, adjust the opening and closing state of the vent through a temperature control device to achieve hot air circulation.

[0022] Further, Step 1 includes constructing a sealed cavity parallel to the wall surface on the outer side of the building exterior wall to form a vertically penetrating air interlayer.

[0023] Further, the outer surface of the air interlayer is made of a dark heat-absorbing material. The dark heat-absorbing material is a composite heat-absorbing structure, including a surface layer of dark porous material for enhancing solar radiation absorption, a middle aluminum foil reflective layer for reducing outward heat radiation loss, and an inner layer of heat-conducting ribs for expanding the contact heat exchange area with the air in the interlayer.

[0024] Further, Step 2 includes setting an openable and closable ventilation device with thermosensitive characteristics at the top of the interlayer and a dust-proof air intake structure at the bottom.

[0025] As Figure 2 shown, further, the ventilation opening forms a linkage control with the building internal ventilation system. The ventilation opening forms a linkage control with the building internal ventilation system, and the linkage control is carried out through the following steps: setting an auxiliary air outlet at the building cornice or high-level window; when the interlayer ventilation opening is opened, the corresponding air outlet inside the building is linked to be opened to form a complete air flow channel; using a pressure balance valve to adjust the proportion of the air intake and exhaust volume.

[0026] Further, Step 3 includes heating the air in the cavity by absorbing solar radiation on the outer surface of the interlayer to form natural convection driven by a temperature gradient.

[0027] As Figure 3 shown, further, an air filtering device is set at the bottom of the air interlayer. The air filtering device adopts a multi-layer progressive filtering structure, including an outermost insect-proof mesh 100, a middle detachable fiber filtering layer 110, an innermost electrostatic adsorption device 120, and the filtering units are arranged obliquely to guide the air flow direction.

[0028] In this embodiment, the external hanging plates are fixed to the original exterior wall through a keel system to form an equidistant cavity. A temperature sensor array is arranged inside the cavity to monitor the vertical temperature distribution in real time, and a pressure balance conduit is used to connect the interlayer and the indoor space.

[0029] Further, Step 4 includes that when the air temperature in the interlayer reaches the threshold value, the temperature control device automatically opens the top ventilation opening, so that the hot air enters the room through the upper opening of the building, and at the same time, the cold air at the bottom supplements and enters the interlayer to form a continuous heat cycle.

[0030] In this embodiment, the dual-mode control strategy selects one of the following strategies: in the winter mode, the top ventilation opening and the indoor high-level air outlet are opened synchronously; in the summer mode, the top ventilation opening is connected to the building outer side exhaust duct, and a self-powered temperature control actuator based on thermoelectric generation.

[0031] Furthermore, baffles are arranged in the interlayer to extend the air residence time. The arrangement of the baffles includes wavy guide plates arranged in a staggered manner in the interlayer cavity, with turbulent protrusions provided on the surface of the guide plates, the plate body forms a specific inclination angle with the outer wall to change the air flow rising path, and rotatable and adjustable plate units to adapt to the seasonal change requirements.

[0032] In this embodiment, the baffles are made of shape memory alloy material and can automatically adjust the curvature with temperature change. A partition control valve is arranged in the height direction of the interlayer to achieve segmented air flow management, and the functional openings are hidden in combination with the architectural facade decorative lines.

[0033] It should be noted that the above content only illustrates the technical idea of the present invention and cannot limit the protection scope of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements all fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for reducing the heating energy consumption of buildings, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1, set an air interlayer structure on the surface of the building exterior wall; Step 2, open an adjustable ventilation opening at the top of the air interlayer; Step 3, utilize solar radiation to heat the air in the interlayer; Step 4, adjust the opening and closing state of the ventilation opening through a temperature control device to achieve hot air circulation; The said Step 1 includes constructing a sealed cavity parallel to the wall on the outer side of the building exterior wall to form a vertically through air interlayer.

2. The method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 1, wherein The outer surface of the said air interlayer adopts a dark heat-absorbing material.

3. A method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The said Step 2 includes setting an openable and closable ventilation device with temperature-sensitive characteristics at the top of the interlayer and a dust-proof air intake structure at the bottom.

4. A method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 3, characterized in that, The said ventilation opening forms an interlock control with the building internal ventilation system.

5. A method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that, The said Step 3 includes heating the air in the cavity by absorbing solar radiation through the outer surface of the interlayer to form natural convection driven by a temperature gradient.

6. A method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 5, characterized in that, An air filtering device is set at the bottom of the said air interlayer.

7. A method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that The said Step 4 includes that when the air temperature in the interlayer reaches the threshold value, the temperature control device automatically opens the top ventilation opening, enabling the hot air to enter the room through the upper opening of the building. At the same time, the cold air at the bottom replenishes and enters the interlayer to form continuous heat circulation.

8. A method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 7, characterized in that, Baffle plates are arranged in the said interlayer to extend the air residence time.

9. A method for reducing building heating energy consumption according to claim 8, characterized in that, The setting method of the said baffle plates includes wavy guide plates arranged staggeredly in the interlayer cavity. Turbulence protrusions are set on the surface of the guide plates, and the plate body forms a specific inclination angle with the exterior wall to change the air flow rising path.

10. A system for reducing building heating energy consumption used in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It includes a solar air heat collection interlayer, a temperature control ventilation device, an air flow guiding structure, a filtering and dust-proof component, and an interlock control system. The solar air heat collection interlayer is set on the outer side of the building exterior wall to form a sealed cavity, absorb solar energy and heat the internal air. The temperature control ventilation device is located at the top of the interlayer, automatically adjusts the opening and closing according to the temperature, and controls the hot air flow. The air flow guiding structure includes baffle plates and guide ribs to optimize the air flow path in the interlayer. The filtering and dust-proof component sets an air intake filtering device at the bottom of the interlayer. The interlock control system is interlocked with the building ventilation system to achieve the directional transportation of hot air.

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