Ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method and system, relates to the technical field of urban ecological environment, and specifically designs different vertical ecological community modes according to urban ecological function area types corresponding to sub-areas. In the ecological core protection area, a bionic natural vertical greening structure is adopted, and biodiversity is protected and promoted; in an ecological restoration key area, a multi-layer modular vertical greening structure and plants with pollution restoration capacity are utilized, and the regional ecological environment is effectively improved; a composite type, simple and practical vertical greening structure is built in an ecological function improving area and an ecological suitable building area, and the ecological function and the landscape effect are both considered. According to the design based on local conditions, the ecological function and landscape value of the vertical ecological community are greatly improved, and the sustainable development potential level of the vertical ecological community is determined. Visual and scientific data support can be provided for urban ecological planners and managers, and the urban ecological planners and managers are helped to formulate reasonable long-term ecological planning strategies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of urban ecological environment, and particularly relates to an ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method and system. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the urban ecological environment faces many challenges, such as the intensification of the heat island effect, the reduction of biodiversity, the decline of air quality, and the shortage of water resources becoming increasingly prominent. Against this background, vertical ecological buildings emerge as an innovative urban ecological solution. By constructing ecological communities on the building surface and three-dimensional space, it aims to improve the urban microclimate, promote biodiversity, enhance the connectivity of the ecosystem, and thus improve the overall ecological environment quality of the city. Therefore, an ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method and system emerge as the times require.

[0003] An existing technology, such as a multi-water area urban ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method disclosed in the invention patent application with the publication number of CN116359137B, includes the following steps: obtaining multi-period remote sensing images of the research area in a specified year and preprocessing them; obtaining single-factor indicators of ecological indices according to the processed remote sensing images, where the single-factor indicators of ecological indices include influencing factors of water body spatial distribution, and normalizing each single-factor ecological index; constructing a remote sensing ecological environment evaluation model according to the single-factor ecological indices obtained in the previous step; and evaluating the environmental quality of the research area according to the remote sensing ecological environment evaluation model. Specifically, a surface water potential abundance factor representing the water body spatial distribution, a salinity factor representing the soil salt content, and an air quality factor representing the degree of air pollution are added. An improved remote sensing ecological model is constructed through the integration of the above seven representative factors, making the influencing factors involved in the model more abundant and the evaluation results more real and objective.

[0004] Regarding the above solution, the inventors of the present application found that the above technology has at least the following technical problems: 1. It is difficult for the existing technology to accurately judge whether a building is suitable for vertical ecological transformation. This may lead to the selection of some buildings with low ecological transformation potential during the selection of buildings for ecological construction, resulting in a waste of human, material, and financial resources after investing a large amount of resources but failing to achieve the expected ecological effects.

[0005] 2. The existing technology often fails to comprehensively obtain the geographical spatial data and environmental ecological data of the region when constructing the vertical ecological community model. Therefore, it is difficult to design a suitable vertical ecological community model according to local conditions for the ecological function positioning of different regions, such as ecological core protection areas and key ecological restoration areas. This will make it difficult for the vertical ecological community to fully play its due ecological functions. For example, in key ecological restoration areas, plants with pollution remediation capabilities and reasonable greening structures cannot be effectively utilized to improve the environment.

[0006] 3. In the assessment of the sustainable development potential of vertical ecological communities, existing technologies usually rely only on single or a few indicators and cannot comprehensively consider multiple key dimensions such as the microclimate regulation ability value, the biological migration function value, and the connectivity value of the surrounding ecosystem. This makes the judgment of the long-term development ability of vertical ecological communities inaccurate, unable to provide comprehensive and scientific data support for urban ecological planners and managers, not conducive to formulating reasonable long-term ecological planning strategies, and difficult to promote the sustainable development of the urban ecological environment.

[0007] 4. Due to the lack of reasonable regional division of cities and the lack of ecological adaptability assessment of each building within the region in existing technologies, the ecological advantages and disadvantages of different regions of the city cannot be clearly identified. This will lead to a lack of scientific basis in the urban ecological space layout planning, making it difficult to form contiguous ecological improvement areas, not conducive to optimizing the overall urban ecological space layout and improving the ecological quality. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Aiming at the above-mentioned existing technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method and system.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, the present invention provides an ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method, including: Step 1. Analysis of vertical ecological buildings: Divide the target city into several sub-regions, so as to analyze the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region, and record the buildings with qualified vertical ecological adaptability as each to-be-built vertical ecological building.

[0010] Step 2. Analysis of vertical ecological community patterns: Obtain the corresponding geospatial data and environmental ecological data of each sub-region, so as to analyze and obtain the corresponding ecological suitability adaptation value of each sub-region, and then analyze the vertical ecological community patterns corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region.

[0011] Step 3. Assessment of sustainable development potential: Obtain the microclimate regulation ability value, the biological migration function value, and the connectivity value of the surrounding ecosystem corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region, so as to analyze and obtain the corresponding sustainable development potential assessment value of the vertical ecological community in each current sub-region, and evaluate the corresponding sustainable development potential level of the vertical ecological community in each current sub-region.

[0012] In the second aspect, the present invention provides an ecological environment remote sensing monitoring system, including: A vertical ecological building analysis module: used to divide the target city into several sub-regions, so as to analyze the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region, and record the buildings with qualified vertical ecological adaptability as each to-be-built vertical ecological building.

[0013] Vertical ecological community pattern analysis module: used to obtain the geographic spatial data and environmental ecological data corresponding to each sub-region, so as to analyze the ecological suitability adaptation value corresponding to each sub-region, and then analyze the vertical ecological community pattern corresponding to each vertical ecological building to be built in each sub-region.

[0014] Sustainable development potential assessment module: used to obtain the microclimate regulation capacity value, biological migration function value and surrounding ecosystem connectivity value corresponding to each vertical ecological building to be built in each sub-region, so as to analyze and obtain the sustainable development potential assessment value corresponding to the vertical ecological community in each sub-region, and evaluate the sustainable development potential level corresponding to the vertical ecological community in each sub-region.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The embodiment of the present invention can comprehensively and accurately judge the vertical ecological adaptability of buildings by comparing the building skin coefficient, roof greening potential index, facade material biophilic index and other multi-dimensional indicators of buildings in each sub-region of the target city with the standard value. This meticulous evaluation method avoids the blind selection of buildings for vertical ecological transformation, reduces resource waste, ensures that limited manpower, material and financial resources are invested in buildings that truly have ecological transformation potential, and significantly improves the utilization efficiency of ecological construction resources. At the same time, the target city is divided into several sub-regions, and the buildings in each sub-region are evaluated one by one, which helps to discover the ecological advantages and shortcomings of different regions in the city. For concentrated areas of buildings that meet the ecological adaptability standards, resources can be concentrated to carry out large-scale vertical ecological construction to form contiguous ecological improvement areas, optimize the urban ecological space layout, and improve the overall ecological quality of the city.

[0016] 2. In the embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining the geospatial data and environmental ecological data of each sub-region, the geospatial evaluation value and the ecological environment evaluation value are calculated, and then the ecological adaptation value is obtained. This quantitative analysis method fully considers various factors such as the terrain, land use, vegetation coverage, and pollution status of the sub-region, and provides a scientific basis for the selection of subsequent vertical ecological community models, so that the community model can better adapt to the local ecological environment and maximize the ecological function. At the same time, different vertical ecological community models are designed in a targeted manner according to the type of urban ecological functional area corresponding to each sub-region. In the ecological core protection area, a bionic natural vertical greening structure is adopted to simulate the natural ecosystem and protect and promote biodiversity; in the key area of ​​ecological restoration, a multi-layer modular vertical greening structure and plants with pollution restoration capabilities are used to effectively improve the regional ecological environment; in the ecological function improvement area and the ecological suitable construction area, a composite, simple and practical vertical greening structure is created, taking into account both ecological functions and landscape effects. This design adapted to local conditions has greatly enhanced the ecological function and landscape value of the vertical ecological community.

[0017] 3. In the embodiment of the present invention, by calculating the microclimate regulation ability value, biological migration function value, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region and substituting them into the calculation formula of the sustainable development potential evaluation value, the sustainable development potential of the vertical ecological community is comprehensively and quantitatively evaluated. This multi-dimensional evaluation method can more accurately reflect the long-term development ability of the vertical ecological community compared with the traditional single-index evaluation. At the same time, by comparing the sustainable development potential evaluation value corresponding to the vertical ecological community in each sub-region with the set grade interval, the sustainable development potential grade is determined. This evaluation result can provide intuitive and scientific data support for urban ecological planners and managers, helping them formulate reasonable long-term ecological planning strategies, such as determining key development areas and reasonably allocating ecological construction resources, to promote the sustainable development of the urban ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the implementation steps of the method of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of system modules of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] As shown in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 An ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method includes: Step 1: Analysis of vertical ecological buildings: Divide the target city into several sub-regions, and then analyze the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region, and record the buildings with qualified vertical ecological adaptability as each to-be-built vertical ecological building.

[0023] In a specific embodiment, the process of dividing the target city into several sub-regions is as follows: Obtain the planar image corresponding to the target city through high-resolution remote sensing technology, and use remote sensing image processing software to preprocess the radiation calibration, atmospheric correction, and geometric correction data of the planar image corresponding to the target city to obtain the total area corresponding to the target city, and denote the total area corresponding to the target city as S. Through the calculation formula calculate the side length A of the square grid corresponding to the target city, where H represents the preset number of sub-regions to be divided. Subsequently, with the help of a geographic information system software tool, input the geographical range of the target city area, the calculated side length of the sub-region, and the unified geographical coordinate system in the parameter settings, and the software automatically generates square grids that cover the entire urban area, are of equal size and regular shape, and each square grid is the divided sub-region.

[0024] It should be noted that the remote sensing image processing software has vector processing capabilities. Using the polygon drawing tool of the software, accurately outline the closed vector polygon along the boundary of the target city in the image. The internal algorithm of the software will calculate the area of the region enclosed by the polygon according to the vertex coordinates of the vector polygon using geometric calculation methods such as the shoelace formula. This area is the total area of the target city. For urban areas with irregular shapes, this method can calculate the area more accurately and avoid errors caused by the ambiguous judgment of the attribution of boundary pixels in the pixel counting method.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the process of analyzing the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region is as follows: Obtain the building skin coefficient, roof greening potential index, and exterior facade material biophilia index corresponding to each building in each sub-region, and compare them respectively with the set standard building skin coefficient, standard roof greening potential index, and standard exterior facade material biophilia index. If the building skin coefficient, roof greening potential index, and exterior facade material biophilia index corresponding to a certain building in a certain sub-region are all greater than or equal to the set standard building skin coefficient, standard roof greening potential index, and standard exterior facade material biophilia index, it indicates that the vertical ecological adaptability corresponding to this building in this sub-region meets the standard. If the building skin coefficient, roof greening potential index, and exterior facade material biophilia index corresponding to a certain building in a certain sub-region are not all greater than or equal to the set standard building skin coefficient, standard roof greening potential index, and standard exterior facade material biophilia index, it indicates that the vertical ecological adaptability corresponding to this building in this sub-region does not meet the standard. In this way, analyze the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region.

[0026] It should be noted that the design drawings of the buildings in each sub-region are collected, including floor plans, elevation views and section views. Measure the total surface area of the building from the drawings. The total surface area includes all exposed surfaces such as walls and roofs, as well as the volume of the building. The calculation formula for the building skin coefficient is: Building skin coefficient = Total building surface area / Building volume. For example, if the total surface area of a building is 5000 square meters and the volume is 10000 cubic meters, then its building skin coefficient is 5000 / 10000 = 0.5. Use high-resolution remote sensing images or on-site measurements to determine the actual area of the roof. In addition, analyze the orientation of the roof. The roof facing south has sufficient sunlight, which is more conducive to the growth of most plants and has relatively high greening potential. Through the comprehensive evaluation of the roof area and orientation, formulate corresponding scoring criteria, and add up the scores of each item to obtain the roof greening potential index. For example, if the roof area is between 100-200 square meters, it gets 3 points, and if it is between 200-300 square meters, it gets 5 points; facing south gets 5 points, facing east or west gets 3 points, and facing north gets 1 point. Add up these scores to get the roof greening potential index. Conduct on-site investigations on the facade materials to determine their material types, such as concrete, glass, metal, wood, etc. Different materials have different affinities for living things. Wood and some masonry materials with pore structures are relatively more conducive to plant attachment and insect habitation, while glass and metal materials have lower affinities. Consult relevant material research data to obtain data on the effects of different materials on biological growth, attachment, etc., and assign corresponding initial biophilic scores to each material. For example, the initial score of wood is 8 points, that of concrete is 5 points, and that of glass is 2 points. Observe the surface treatment of the facade materials, such as whether there are rough textures or whether there are coatings that promote plant growth. Materials with rough surfaces or special coatings are more conducive to biological attachment and survival, and points can be added on the basis of the initial scores. For facades that have been retrofitted to increase biophilic design, further improve their biophilic index. For example, concrete with a rough surface can be added 2 points on the basis of the initial 5 points, and facades with plant planting grooves can be added 3 more points, and finally obtain the biophilic index of the facade materials.

[0027] Step 2: Analysis of the vertical ecological community model: Obtain the corresponding geospatial data and environmental ecological data of each sub-region, so as to analyze and obtain the corresponding ecological suitability adaptation values of each sub-region, and then analyze the vertical ecological community models corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the process of analyzing and obtaining the corresponding ecological suitability adaptation values of each sub-region is as follows: Obtain the corresponding geospatial evaluation values and ecological environment evaluation values of each sub-region, and record the corresponding geospatial evaluation values and ecological environment evaluation values of each sub-region as α z and β z, where z represents the number corresponding to each sub-region, z = 1, 2......q, and q is a positive integer. Substituting into the calculation formula: , the ecological suitability adaptation value Ω corresponding to each sub-region is obtained. z , where α′ and β′ are respectively the set standard geographical space evaluation value and standard ecological environment evaluation value corresponding to the sub-region. are respectively the weight factors corresponding to the set geographical space evaluation value of the sub-region and the weight factors corresponding to the ecological environment evaluation value. Ψ α (z) represents the influence coefficient of the geographical space evaluation value of the z-th sub-region on the ecological suitability adaptation value. Ψ β (z) represents the influence coefficient of the ecological environment evaluation value of the z-th sub-region on the ecological suitability adaptation value.

[0029] It should be noted that are all greater than 0 and less than 1.

[0030] It should also be noted that questionnaires are distributed to experts, and the content of the questionnaires focuses on the relative importance of geographical space evaluation values and ecological environment evaluation values to the ecological suitability adaptation value. Then, experts are organized to conduct group discussions and exchange their views. For example, in the evaluation of a certain city, after expert discussions, it is considered that in areas with relatively fragile ecological environments, the ecological environment evaluation value is more important. Finally, the weight factors corresponding to the set geographical space evaluation value of the sub-region and the weight factors corresponding to the ecological environment evaluation value are determined.

[0031] In a specific embodiment, the obtaining of the geographical space evaluation value and ecological environment evaluation value corresponding to each sub-region is specifically as follows: Q1. Obtain the geographical space data and environmental ecological data corresponding to each sub-region. The geographical space data includes building plot ratio, terrain undulation degree, reflectivity values corresponding to various substances, and the proportion corresponding to each land use type. The environmental ecological data includes vegetation coverage index, heat island intensity index, and pollution indices corresponding to various types of pollutants.

[0032] It should be noted that high-resolution remote sensing images are utilized in combination with geographic information system software. First, the outline and floor area of the building are identified through image interpretation, and then, with the help of the spatial analysis function of GIS, the area information of the land parcel where the building is located is obtained from relevant land use data layers. Building plot ratio = total building area / land parcel area. The plot ratios of buildings in each sub-region are calculated and field measurements are carried out using a total station or a global positioning system. Multiple measurement points are evenly selected within the sub-region to measure the elevation of each point, and the terrain undulation degree is obtained by calculating the elevation range of these points. Remote sensing image data obtained by multi-spectral satellite sensors are used. These images contain multiple bands, and different bands correspond to the reflection characteristics of different substances. After radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction of the images using remote sensing image processing software, the reflectance values of different substances in different bands are calculated from the gray values of each band through a specific algorithm. For example, in the visible light band, substances such as vegetation, soil, and water bodies have different reflectance characteristics, and the reflectance of the corresponding band is obtained. Using high-resolution remote sensing images, the land use types in the images are interpreted through methods such as supervised classification and unsupervised classification. First, according to the characteristics of the study area, training samples of different land use types are established, and the images are classified using classification algorithms to obtain a land use type distribution map. Then, with the help of the spatial analysis function of GIS software, the areas of different land use types in each sub-region are statistically analyzed to obtain the proportion of the total area of the sub-region.

[0033] It should also be noted that by using multispectral remote sensing image data, the vegetation cover index is indirectly obtained by calculating the NDVI. NDVI = (near-infrared band reflectance - red band reflectance) / (near-infrared band reflectance + red band reflectance). Using remote sensing image processing software, the near-infrared and red bands of the image are calculated to obtain the NDVI image. According to the research purpose, a suitable NDVI threshold is set, and the area where the NDVI value is greater than the threshold is regarded as the vegetation cover area. By calculating the ratio of the vegetation cover area to the total area of the sub-region, the vegetation cover index is obtained. Thermal infrared image data obtained by thermal infrared satellite sensors is used. Through radiometric calibration and temperature inversion algorithms for the image, a surface temperature distribution map is obtained. The built-up area of the city and the surrounding non-built-up area are selected as comparison regions, and the difference between the average surface temperature of the built-up area of the city and the average surface temperature of the surrounding non-built-up area is calculated, which is the heat island intensity index. For example, if the average surface temperature of the built-up area of a certain sub-region is 30 °C and the average surface temperature of the surrounding non-built-up area is 25 °C, then the heat island intensity index of this sub-region is 5 °C. Environmental monitoring departments in different regions of the city have set up a large number of environmental monitoring stations to monitor the concentrations of atmospheric pollutants and water pollutants in real time. By applying for data sharing from the environmental monitoring department, the pollutant concentration data of each monitoring station at different time periods is obtained. According to the spatial position relationship between the sub-region and the monitoring station, the pollutant concentration data of the monitoring station is extended to the entire sub-region by interpolation method, and then according to the relevant pollution index calculation standards, the pollution indices corresponding to various types of pollutants in each sub-region are calculated.

[0034] Q2. Normalize the building volume ratio, terrain undulation degree, reflectance values of various substances, and the proportions corresponding to various land use types corresponding to each sub-region, and use the building volume ratio, terrain undulation degree, reflectance values of various substances, and the proportions corresponding to various land use types corresponding to each sub-region as input information and enter them into the geospatial evaluation value analysis model. After the operation and analysis of the geospatial evaluation value analysis model, the geospatial evaluation value α corresponding to each sub-region is finally output z 。

[0035] It should be noted that the building volume ratio, terrain undulation degree, reflectance values of various substances, and the proportions corresponding to various land use types corresponding to each sub-region are respectively denoted as a z 、b z 、c z and y zg , where z represents the number corresponding to each sub-region, z = 1, 2......q, q is a positive integer, g represents the number corresponding to each substance, g = 1, 2......v, v is a positive integer, and v is also the sum of all substances. Substitute into the analysis formula to obtain the geospatial evaluation value α corresponding to each sub-region z 。

[0036] Q3. Normalize the vegetation coverage index, heat island intensity index corresponding to each sub-region, and pollution index corresponding to each type of pollutant, and use the vegetation coverage index, heat island intensity index corresponding to each sub-region, and pollution index corresponding to each type of pollutant as input information to enter into the ecological environment assessment value analysis model. After the operation and analysis of the ecological environment assessment value analysis model, finally output the ecological environment assessment value β corresponding to each sub-region. z 。

[0037] It should be noted that the vegetation coverage index, heat island intensity index corresponding to each sub-region, and pollution index corresponding to each type of pollutant are respectively denoted as r z 、j z and m zf , f represents the number corresponding to each type of pollutant, f = 1, 2......l, l is a positive integer, substitute it into the analysis formula to obtain the ecological environment assessment value β corresponding to each sub-region z 。

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the analysis of the vertical ecological community patterns corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region is as follows: W1. Analyze the types of urban ecological function areas corresponding to each sub-region. The types of urban ecological function areas include ecological core protection areas, key ecological restoration areas, ecological function improvement areas, and ecological suitable construction areas.

[0039] W2. If the type of urban ecological function area corresponding to a certain sub-region is an ecological core protection area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the corresponding vertical ecological community pattern of the ecological core protection area. Adopt a bionic natural vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region, create a combination of multi-level planting troughs and hanging planters on the building facade. The planting troughs are distributed in a stepped shape from the bottom of the building upwards and gradually become narrower from bottom to top. The hanging planters are irregularly distributed between the planting troughs. At the same time, set a large platform planting area on the top of the building to provide a stable growth foundation for tall trees. In terms of plant selection, plant shade-tolerant and low-growing fern plants in the planting troughs at the bottom of the building, match local small shrubs in the middle planting troughs, plant slightly taller local flowering shrubs in the upper planting troughs, plant hanging plants in the hanging planters, and plant trees on the top platform of the building.

[0040] W3. If the urban ecological function zone type corresponding to a certain sub-region is the key ecological restoration area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the vertical ecological community pattern of the corresponding key ecological restoration area. Design a multi-layer modular vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region. Install multi-layer detachable and assembled modular planters on the building facade, with the planters distributed in a grid pattern. Set a large water storage planter at the bottom of the building to collect rainwater and provide water supply for the upper-layer plants. At the same time, set vertical water-conducting pipes and ventilation pipes between the planters to ensure uniform water distribution and good ventilation, improve the microenvironment around the building. In terms of plant selection, plant plants with heavy metal enrichment effects in the bottom water storage planter, plant drought-tolerant, barren-tolerant and pollution-resistant plants in the middle modular planters, plant local herbaceous plants in the upper planters, and plant plants with strong dust adsorption ability around the vertical water-conducting pipes and ventilation pipes.

[0041] W4. If the urban ecological function zone type corresponding to a certain sub-region is the ecological function improvement area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the vertical ecological community pattern of the corresponding ecological function improvement area. Create a composite vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region. Combine with the original structures of building balconies and window sills on the building facade, and add adjustable flower racks and planting pots. Set three-dimensional columnar planters at the building corners and large-area walls, with different plants planted in layers inside the planters. At the same time, utilize the roof space of the building to construct a roof garden, connect each area through an overhead walkway to form a three-dimensional and connected greening space. In terms of plant selection, plant flowering plants on the flower racks of balconies and window sills, plant shade-tolerant and air-purifying plants at the bottom layer of the three-dimensional columnar planters, plant nectar plants that attract insects and birds in the middle layer, plant plants with strong transpiration in the upper layer, and plant flowers and ornamental trees of different seasons in the roof garden.

[0042] W5. If the urban ecological function zone type corresponding to a certain sub-region is the ecological suitable construction area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the vertical ecological community pattern of the corresponding ecological suitable construction area. Design a simple, beautiful and practical vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region. Adopt a combination of attached planting boards and hanging flower pots on the building facade. The attached planting boards are vertically installed along the building wall, and there are multiple planting holes on the boards for fixing plants. The hanging flower pots are hung in a well-proportioned manner between the planting boards or under the windows of the building. Set a lightweight planting layer on the building roof, which is assembled modularly. In terms of plant selection, plant easy-to-maintain and noise-reducing plants on the attached planting boards, plant highly ornamental flowers in the hanging flower pots, plant succulents in the lightweight planting layer on the roof, and at the same time, set up a small parent-child planting area to plant edible plants.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the analysis of the types of urban ecological function zones corresponding to each sub-region is as follows: The ecological suitability adaptation values corresponding to each sub-region are compared with the ecological suitability adaptation value intervals corresponding to the set types of urban ecological function zones. If the ecological suitability adaptation value corresponding to a certain sub-region is within the ecological suitability adaptation value interval corresponding to a certain set type of urban ecological function zone, then the set type of urban ecological function zone is recorded as the type of urban ecological function zone corresponding to the sub-region. In this way, the types of urban ecological function zones corresponding to each sub-region are analyzed.

[0044] Step 3: Assessment of sustainable development potential: Obtain the microclimate regulation ability values, biological migration function values, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity values corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region, so as to analyze and obtain the sustainable development potential assessment values corresponding to the vertical ecological communities in each current sub-region, and evaluate the sustainable development potential levels corresponding to the vertical ecological communities in each current sub-region.

[0045] It should be noted that the sustainable development potential levels include high potential level, medium potential level, and low potential level. The vertical ecological communities at the high potential level have powerful ecological functions, can continuously make important contributions to the improvement of the regional ecological environment in future development, have good sustainable development prospects, can be used as demonstration areas for urban ecological construction, and priority should be given to increasing investment for construction and promotion. The vertical ecological communities at the medium potential level have certain ecological functions and development potential, but there is room for improvement in some aspects, and further optimization and improvement are needed. Through reasonable planning and appropriate investment, their sustainable development capabilities can be enhanced. The vertical ecological communities at the low potential level have weak ecological functions and face many limiting factors. It may be necessary to make comprehensive adjustments and improvements to aspects such as building design, plant configuration, and ecological corridor construction to enhance their sustainable development potential. Otherwise, it may be difficult to effectively improve the regional ecological environment in future development.

[0046] In a specific embodiment, the analysis of obtaining the sustainable development potential assessment values corresponding to the vertical ecological communities in each current sub-region is as follows: E1. The microclimate regulation ability values, biological migration function values, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity values corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region are respectively recorded as and where z represents the number corresponding to each sub-region, z = 1, 2......q, q is a positive integer and also the total number of sub-regions, x represents the number corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building, x = 1, 2......w, w is a positive integer and also the total number of to-be-built vertical ecological buildings. The microclimate regulation ability value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region is obtained according to the calculation formula: to obtain the microclimate regulation ability values corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region Among them, represents the initial microclimate regulation ability value corresponding to the x-th vertical ecological building to be constructed in the z-th sub-region, t represents the current time point, t0 represents the initial time point, T represents the set time period, and the biological migration function values corresponding to each vertical ecological building to be constructed in each sub-region currently are calculated according to the formula: In, the biological migration function values corresponding to each vertical ecological building to be constructed in each sub-region currently are obtained Among them, represents the initial biological migration function value corresponding to the x-th vertical ecological building to be constructed in the z-th sub-region, n zx represents the number of unique ecological niches provided by the x-th vertical ecological building to be constructed in the z-th sub-region for organisms, N z represents the total number of ecological niches provided by all vertical ecological buildings to be constructed in the z-th sub-region. The surrounding ecosystem connectivity values corresponding to each vertical ecological building to be constructed in each sub-region currently are calculated according to the formula: In, the surrounding ecosystem connectivity values corresponding to each vertical ecological building to be constructed in each sub-region currently are obtained Among them, represents the initial surrounding ecosystem connectivity value, represents the distance between the x-th vertical ecological building to be constructed in the z-th sub-region and the k-th surrounding ecological patch, represents the distance between the center of the z-th sub-region and the k-th surrounding ecological patch, k represents the number corresponding to each surrounding ecological patch, k = 1, 2......u, u is a positive integer, and u is also the total of all surrounding ecological patches.

[0047] It should be noted that the initial microclimate regulation ability value is obtained by arranging temperature, humidity sensors and anemometers around each vertical ecological building to be constructed. Data is collected stably for a long time, the temperature regulation range, humidity change rate and wind speed change amount are calculated, and then weights are assigned according to the local actual situation, and the microclimate regulation ability values of each building to be constructed are obtained through the weighted average method.

[0048] For example, in sub-region A, the temperature regulation range of a building to be constructed is 2 °C, the humidity change rate is 10%, and the wind speed change amount is 0.5 m / s. According to the local hot and dry climate characteristics, the weight of the temperature regulation range is assigned 0.4, the weight of the humidity change rate is assigned 0.4, and the weight of the wind speed change amount is assigned 0.2.

[0049] The microclimate regulation ability value of this building = 2×0.4 + 10%×0.4 + 0.5×0.2 = 0.8 + 0.04 + 0.1 = 0.94.

[0050] The initial biological migration function value is obtained by regularly observing the surroundings of the vertical ecological building communities to be built in each sub-area using infrared cameras, telescopes and other equipment. The number of migratory species and individuals is counted and the residence time is recorded. The weight is determined using the hierarchical analysis method to calculate the biological migration function value corresponding to each building to be built.

[0051] Assume that in sub-area B, 10 species of migratory organisms are observed around a building to be built, the number of individuals is 300, and the average stay time is 1.5 hours. The AHP analysis determines that the weight of the number of species is 0.3, the weight of the number of individuals is 0.4, and the weight of the stay time is 0.3.

[0052] The biological migration function value of the building = 10×0.3+300×0.4+1.5×0.3=3+120+0.45=123.4.

[0053] The initial surrounding ecosystem connectivity value is obtained by obtaining the spatial distribution data of the vertical ecological buildings to be built and the surrounding ecosystems in each sub-area. The width and connection distance of the ecological corridor are measured and the connectivity index is calculated through a suitable landscape ecology connectivity model. The surrounding ecosystem connectivity value of each building to be built is obtained by using a linear weighted method.

[0054] For example, in sub-area C, the width of an ecological building to be built is 40 meters, the connection distance is 3 meters, and the connectivity index is 0.7. The ecological corridor width is given a weight of 0.3, the connection distance weight is 0.3, and the connectivity index weight is 0.4.

[0055] The connectivity value of the ecosystem around the building = 40×0.3+3×0.3+0.7×0.4=12+0.9+0.28=13.18.

[0056] E2. Substitute the microclimate regulation capacity value, biological migration function value and surrounding ecosystem connectivity value corresponding to each vertical ecological building to be built in each sub-area into the calculation formula: The sustainable development potential assessment value Ξ corresponding to the vertical ecological community of each sub-region is obtained z .

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the process of evaluating the sustainable development potential levels corresponding to the current vertical ecological communities in each sub-region is as follows: Compare the sustainable development potential evaluation values corresponding to the current vertical ecological communities in each sub-region with the intervals of sustainable development potential evaluation values corresponding to the set sustainable development potential levels. If the sustainable development potential evaluation value corresponding to a certain vertical ecological community in a current sub-region is within the interval of the sustainable development potential evaluation value corresponding to a set sustainable development potential level, then the set sustainable development potential level is taken as the sustainable development potential level corresponding to the vertical ecological community in the current sub-region. In this way, the sustainable development potential levels corresponding to the current vertical ecological communities in each sub-region are evaluated.

[0058] As shown in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 An ecological environment remote sensing monitoring system includes: A vertical ecological building analysis module: used to divide the target city into several sub-regions, analyze the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region, and record the buildings with qualified vertical ecological adaptability as each to-be-built vertical ecological building.

[0059] A vertical ecological community pattern analysis module: used to obtain the geographical spatial data and environmental ecological data corresponding to each sub-region, analyze the ecological suitability adaptation values corresponding to each sub-region, and further analyze the vertical ecological community patterns corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region.

[0060] A sustainable development potential evaluation module: used to obtain the microclimate regulation ability values, biological migration function values, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity values corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region, analyze the sustainable development potential evaluation values corresponding to the current vertical ecological communities in each sub-region, and evaluate the sustainable development potential levels corresponding to the current vertical ecological communities in each sub-region.

[0061] The above content is only an example and illustration of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar ways to replace them. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by this specification, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method, characterized in that, Including: Step 1, Analysis of vertical ecological buildings: Divide the target city into several sub-regions, and then analyze the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region. Record the buildings that meet the vertical ecological adaptability standards as the to-be-built vertical ecological buildings in each sub-region; Step 2, Analysis of vertical ecological community models: Obtain the geographical spatial data and environmental ecological data corresponding to each sub-region, and then analyze the ecological suitability adaptation values corresponding to each sub-region. Furthermore, analyze the vertical ecological community models corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region; Step 3, Assessment of sustainable development potential: Obtain the microclimate regulation ability values, biological migration function values, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity values corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region currently, and then analyze the sustainable development potential assessment values corresponding to the vertical ecological communities in each sub-region currently, and assess the sustainable development potential levels corresponding to the vertical ecological communities in each sub-region currently.

2. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that The process of dividing the target city into several sub-regions is as follows: Obtain the planar image corresponding to the target city through high-resolution remote sensing technology, and use remote sensing image processing software to preprocess the radiation calibration, atmospheric correction, and geometric correction data of the planar image corresponding to the target city to obtain the total area corresponding to the target city, and denote the total area corresponding to the target city as S. Through the calculation formula Calculate the side length A of the square grid corresponding to the target city. Among them, H represents the preset number of sub-regions to be divided. Subsequently, with the help of the geographic information system software tool, input the geographical range of the target city area, the calculated side length of the sub-region, and the unified geographical coordinate system in the parameter settings, and the software automatically generates each square grid that covers the entire urban area, has equal size and regular shape. Each square grid is each divided sub-region.

3. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 2, wherein The process of analyzing the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region is as follows: Obtain the building envelope coefficient, roof greening potential index, and exterior facade material biophilia index corresponding to each building in each sub-region, and compare them respectively with the set standard building envelope coefficient, standard roof greening potential index, and standard exterior facade material biophilia index. If the building envelope coefficient, roof greening potential index, and exterior facade material biophilia index corresponding to a certain building in a certain sub-region are all greater than or equal to the set standard building envelope coefficient, standard roof greening potential index, and standard exterior facade material biophilia index, it indicates that the vertical ecological adaptability corresponding to this building in this sub-region meets the standard. If the building envelope coefficient, roof greening potential index, and exterior facade material biophilia index corresponding to a certain building in a certain sub-region are not all greater than or equal to the set standard building envelope coefficient, standard roof greening potential index, and standard exterior facade material biophilia index, it indicates that the vertical ecological adaptability corresponding to this building in this sub-region does not meet the standard. In this way, analyze the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region.

4. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein, The process of analyzing the ecological suitability adaptation values corresponding to each sub-region is as follows: Obtain the geospatial evaluation value and ecological environment evaluation value corresponding to each sub-region, and denote the geospatial evaluation value and ecological environment evaluation value corresponding to each sub-region as α z and β z , where z represents the number corresponding to each sub-region, z = 1, 2......q, q is a positive integer, and substitute it into the calculation formula: to obtain the ecological suitability adaptation value Ω corresponding to each sub-region z , where α′ and β′ are the standard geospatial evaluation value and standard ecological environment evaluation value corresponding to the set sub-region, respectively, are the weight factors corresponding to the geospatial evaluation value of the set sub-region and the weight factor corresponding to the ecological environment evaluation value, respectively, and Ψ α (z) represents the influence coefficient of the geospatial evaluation value of the z-th sub-region on the ecological suitability adaptation value, and Ψ β (z) represents the influence coefficient of the ecological environment evaluation value of the z-th sub-region on the ecological suitability adaptation value.

5. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 4, wherein The process of obtaining the geographical spatial assessment values and ecological environment assessment values corresponding to each sub-region is as follows: Q1. Obtain the geographical spatial data and environmental ecological data corresponding to each sub-region. The geographical spatial data includes building plot ratio, terrain undulation degree, reflectivity values corresponding to each substance, and the proportion corresponding to each land use type. The environmental ecological data includes vegetation coverage index, heat island intensity index, and pollution indices corresponding to each type of pollutant; Q2. Normalize the building plot ratio, terrain undulation degree, reflectivity values of each substance, and the proportion corresponding to each land use type for each sub-region, and use the building plot ratio, terrain undulation degree, reflectivity values of each substance, and the proportion corresponding to each land use type for each sub-region as input information and enter them into the geospatial evaluation value analysis model. After the operation and analysis of the geospatial evaluation value analysis model, finally output the geospatial evaluation value α corresponding to each sub-region z ; Q3. Normalize the vegetation coverage index, heat island intensity index corresponding to each sub-region, and pollution indices corresponding to various types of pollutants, and input the vegetation coverage index, heat island intensity index corresponding to each sub-region, and pollution indices corresponding to various types of pollutants as input information into the ecological environment assessment value analysis model. After the operation and analysis of the ecological environment assessment value analysis model, finally output the ecological environment assessment value β corresponding to each sub-region z 。 6. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of analyzing the vertical ecological community models corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region is as follows: W1. Analyze the types of urban ecological functional areas corresponding to each sub-region. The types of urban ecological functional areas include ecological core protection areas, key areas for ecological restoration, areas for enhancing ecological functions, and areas suitable for ecological construction; W2. If the type of the urban ecological function area corresponding to a certain sub-region is an ecological core protection area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the corresponding vertical ecological community pattern of the ecological core protection area. Adopt a bionic natural vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region, create a combination of multi-level planting troughs and hanging planters on the building facade. The planting troughs are distributed in a stepped manner from the bottom to the top of the building, gradually narrowing from bottom to top. The hanging planters are irregularly distributed among the planting troughs. At the same time, set up a large platform-type planting area on the top of the building to provide a stable growth foundation for tall trees. In terms of plant selection, plant shade-tolerant and low-growing ferns in the planting troughs at the bottom of the building, match local small shrubs in the middle planting troughs, plant slightly taller local flowering shrubs in the upper planting troughs, plant hanging plants in the hanging planters, and plant trees on the top platform of the building; W3. If the type of the urban ecological function area corresponding to a certain sub-region is a key ecological restoration area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the corresponding vertical ecological community pattern of the key ecological restoration area. Design a multi-layer modular vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region. Install multi-layer detachable and assembled modular planters on the building facade. The planters are distributed in a grid pattern. Set up a large water storage-type planting trough at the bottom of the building to collect rainwater and provide water supply for the upper-layer plants. At the same time, set up vertical water conduction pipes and ventilation pipes between the planters to ensure uniform water distribution and good ventilation, and improve the microenvironment around the building. In terms of plant selection, plant plants with the function of enriching heavy metals in the bottom water storage-type planting trough, plant drought-tolerant, barren-tolerant and pollution-resistant plants in the middle modular planters, plant local herbaceous plants in the upper planters, and plant plants with strong dust adsorption ability around the vertical water conduction pipes and ventilation pipes; W4. If the type of the urban ecological function area corresponding to a certain sub-region is an ecological function improvement area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the corresponding vertical ecological community pattern of the ecological function improvement area. Create a composite vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region. Combine with the original structures of building balconies and window sills on the building facade, and add adjustable-angle flower racks and planting pots. Set up three-dimensional columnar planting towers at the building corners and large-area walls, and plant different plants in layers inside the towers. At the same time, utilize the roof space of the building to construct a roof garden, and connect each area through an overhead walkway to form a three-dimensional and connected greening space. In terms of plant selection, plant flowering plants on the flower racks of balconies and window sills, plant shade-tolerant and air-purifying plants at the bottom layer of the three-dimensional columnar planting towers, plant nectar plants that attract insects and birds in the middle layer, plant plants with strong transpiration in the upper layer, and plant flowers and ornamental trees of different seasons in the roof garden; W5. If the type of the urban ecological function area corresponding to a sub-region is an ecologically suitable construction area, then construct each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region according to the vertical ecological community model of the corresponding ecologically suitable construction area, design a simple, beautiful and practical vertical greening structure for each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the sub-region, adopt a combination of attached planting plates and hanging flower pots on the building facade, install the attached planting plates vertically along the building wall, with multiple planting holes on the plates for fixing plants, hang the hanging flower pots in a well - arranged manner between the planting plates or under the windows of the building, set up a lightweight planting layer on the building roof, assemble it modularly, in terms of plant selection, plant plants that are easy to maintain and have noise - reduction functions on the attached planting plates, plant highly ornamental flowers in the hanging flower pots, plant succulents in the lightweight planting layer on the roof, and at the same time, set up a small parent - child planting area to plant edible plants.

7. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The specific analysis process of analyzing the type of the urban ecological function area corresponding to each sub-region is as follows: Compare the ecological suitability adaptation value corresponding to each sub-region with the ecological suitability adaptation value intervals corresponding to the set types of each urban ecological function area. If the ecological suitability adaptation value corresponding to a certain sub-region is within the ecological suitability adaptation value interval corresponding to the set type of a certain urban ecological function area, then record the set type of this urban ecological function area as the type of the urban ecological function area corresponding to this sub-region. In this way, analyze the type of the urban ecological function area corresponding to each sub-region.

8. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The specific analysis process of analyzing the obtained sustainable development potential evaluation value corresponding to the vertical ecological community of each current sub-region is as follows: E1. Denote the microclimate regulation ability value, biological migration function value, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region as and where z represents the number corresponding to each sub-region, z = 1, 2......q, q is a positive integer and also the total number of sub-regions, x represents the number corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building, x = 1, 2......w, w is a positive integer and also the total number of to-be-built vertical ecological buildings. The microclimate regulation ability value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region is obtained according to the calculation formula: to obtain the microclimate regulation ability value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region where represents the initial microclimate regulation ability value corresponding to the xth to-be-built vertical ecological building in the zth sub-region, t represents the current time point, t0 represents the initial time point, and T represents the set time period. The biological migration function value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region is obtained according to the calculation formula: to obtain the biological migration function value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region where represents the initial biological migration function value corresponding to the xth to-be-built vertical ecological building in the zth sub-region, n zx represents the number of unique ecological niches provided by the xth to-be-built vertical ecological building for organisms in the zth sub-region, and N z represents the total number of ecological niches provided by all to-be-built vertical ecological buildings in the zth sub-region. The surrounding ecosystem connectivity value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region is obtained according to the calculation formula: to obtain the surrounding ecosystem connectivity value corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each current sub-region where represents the initial surrounding ecosystem connectivity value, represents the distance between the xth to-be-built vertical ecological building in the zth sub-region and the kth surrounding ecological patch, represents the distance between the center of the zth sub-region and the kth surrounding ecological patch, and k represents the number corresponding to each surrounding ecological patch, k = 1, 2......u, u is a positive integer and also the total number of surrounding ecological patches; E2. Substitute the microclimate regulation ability values, biological migration function values, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity values of each to-be-built vertical ecological building in the current sub-regions into the calculation formula: to obtain the sustainable development potential evaluation value Ξ of the vertical ecological community in the current sub-regions z .

9. The ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to claim 8, wherein The specific evaluation process of evaluating the sustainable development potential level corresponding to the vertical ecological community of each current sub-region is as follows: Compare the sustainable development potential evaluation value corresponding to the vertical ecological community of each current sub-region with the sustainable development potential evaluation value intervals corresponding to the set sustainable development potential levels. If the sustainable development potential evaluation value corresponding to the vertical ecological community of a certain current sub-region is within the sustainable development potential evaluation value interval corresponding to the set sustainable development potential level, then take the set sustainable development potential level as the sustainable development potential level corresponding to the vertical ecological community of this current sub-region. In this way, evaluate the sustainable development potential level corresponding to the vertical ecological community of each current sub-region.

10. An ecological environment remote sensing monitoring system for implementing the ecological environment remote sensing monitoring method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Including: Vertical ecological building analysis module: used to divide the target city into several sub-regions, thereby analyzing the vertical ecological adaptability of each building in each sub-region, and recording the buildings with qualified vertical ecological adaptability as each to-be-built vertical ecological building; Vertical ecological community model analysis module: used to obtain the geographical space data and environmental ecological data corresponding to each sub-region, thereby analyzing the obtained ecological suitability adaptation value corresponding to each sub-region, and further analyzing the vertical ecological community model corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region; Sustainable development potential assessment module: It is used to obtain the microclimate regulation ability values, biological migration function values, and surrounding ecosystem connectivity values corresponding to each to-be-built vertical ecological building in each sub-region currently, so as to analyze and obtain the sustainable development potential assessment values corresponding to the vertical ecological communities in each sub-region currently, and evaluate the sustainable development potential levels corresponding to the vertical ecological communities in each sub-region currently.

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