Bolt screwing data dynamic visual management method and device, medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic visual management method and device for bolt screwing data, a medium and equipment. The method comprises the steps that bolt screwing sensor data are acquired and preprocessed; transmitting the preprocessed data to a server side, and constructing a database table for storage; loading the BIM model and defining a bolt ID, a design torque and a design angle range in the BIM model; binding the bolt state table data with the corresponding bolts in the BIM model through the bolt ID; extracting data of the sensor data table and processing the data; and the processed bolt state table and abnormal record table data are obtained through the API interface and synchronized to the BIM model, and the BIM model carries out visual display of the bolt state. According to the invention, through deep fusion of the Internet of Things sensor and the BIM model, real-time acquisition, intelligent analysis and dynamic visual management of bolt screwing data are realized, and the accuracy, transparency and efficiency of construction quality are significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering construction quality management, and in particular to a method, device, medium and equipment for dynamic visualization management of bolt tightening data. Background Art

[0002] Steel structures are increasingly widely used in modern building and infrastructure construction. Due to their excellent connection performance, high-strength bolts are widely used in the assembly and connection of steel structure projects. However, the quality of high-strength bolt tightening directly affects the overall safety and service life of the steel structure. Therefore, construction quality and management are particularly important.

[0003] Traditional high-strength bolt construction management methods mainly rely on manual records and empirical judgments. The process of collecting and managing tightening data is inefficient and error-prone, and cannot meet the increasing quality and data management requirements of modern steel structure projects. Specifically, the management of the bolt tightening process has the following disadvantages: (1) The real-time data collection is insufficient, and the construction status cannot be dynamically reflected, which easily leads to the late discovery of construction quality problems; (2) The data lacks integration with the BIM model, and it is difficult to intuitively display the details and overall status during the construction process; (3) There is a lack of intelligent analysis and abnormal warning functions. The construction quality assessment mainly relies on manual judgment, which is inefficient and error-prone.

[0004] The above problems limit the accuracy, transparency and efficiency of construction management and cannot meet the high standards of modern project management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the above background, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for dynamic visualization management of bolt tightening data based on BIM and the Internet of Things, which efficiently manages and visually displays the construction data of high-strength bolts, and improves the accuracy, transparency and efficiency of bolt tightening work quality.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for dynamic visualization management of bolt tightening data, including: Obtaining bolt tightening sensor data and performing preprocessing, and the bolt tightening sensor data marks the bolt ID; Transmitting the preprocessed data to the server side and constructing a database table for storage; the database table includes a sensor data table, a bolt status table, an exception record table and a construction report table; Loading the BIM model and defining the bolt ID, design torque and design angle range in the BIM model; Bind the data in the bolt status table to the corresponding bolts in the BIM model based on the bolt ID; Extract the data in the sensor data table and process it. The processing includes data cleaning and abnormal detection of bolt data to obtain the tightening status of the bolts and perform status classification processing; Obtain the processed bolt status table and abnormal record table data through the API interface and synchronize the data to the BIM model. The BIM model performs visual display of the bolt status.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a device for dynamic visual management of bolt tightening data, including: A data acquisition module for real-time collecting various data generated during the bolt tightening process from the construction site, including a sensor unit, a data packaging unit, and a device calibration unit; A data transmission module for real-time transmitting the collected data to the server, including a communication interface unit, an encrypted transmission unit, and an error retransmission unit; A data processing module for cleaning, analyzing, storing, and marking the data transmitted to the server, including a cleaning processing unit, an abnormal detection unit, and a storage management unit; A BIM integration module for dynamically associating the processed bolt data with the BIM model, including a data binding unit, an API interface unit, and a model update unit; A visualization module for intuitively presenting the construction data, including a rendering engine unit, an interactive operation unit, and a data aggregation unit; A report generation module for storing and distributing the analysis results in the form of a report, including a report generation unit, a file formatting unit, and a distribution unit; A database for receiving and storing sensor data, including a sensor data table, a bolt status table, an abnormal record table, and a construction report table.

[0008] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored. The computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the above-mentioned method for dynamic visual management of bolt tightening data.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned method for dynamic visual management of bolt tightening data is implemented.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the embodiments of the present invention, by deeply integrating Internet of Things sensors with the BIM model, real-time acquisition, intelligent analysis, and dynamic visualization management of bolt tightening data are realized, significantly improving the accuracy, transparency, and efficiency of construction quality. Specifically: 1) Real-time and accuracy: By using Internet of Things sensors to collect bolt tightening data in real time and dynamically associate it with the BIM model, the bolt tightening state can be quickly and accurately reflected, improving the controllability and accuracy of construction quality; 2) Dynamic visualization and transparent management: Utilizing the visualization characteristics of the BIM model, the dynamic changes of bolt tightening data are intuitively presented, realizing transparent management of the construction process, facilitating real-time monitoring and decision-making by the construction team; 3) Intelligent analysis and anomaly warning: Combining big data analysis technology, functions of anomaly detection of bolt tightening state and construction quality assessment are provided to timely discover potential problems and improve the safety and efficiency of the construction process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0012] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the method for dynamically visualizing and managing bolt tightening data provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a relational diagram of the database table structure provided by the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the device for dynamically visualizing and managing bolt tightening data provided by the embodiments of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0013] To further understand the present invention, the following describes the preferred implementation solutions of the present invention in combination with embodiments. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further explaining the features and advantages of the present invention, rather than limiting the claims of the present invention.

[0014] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a method for dynamically visualizing and managing bolt tightening data based on BIM and the Internet of Things, including S1: Obtain bolt tightening sensor data and perform preprocessing, and the bolt tightening sensor data marks the bolt ID; S2: Transmit the preprocessed data to the server side and construct database tables for storage; the database tables include a sensor data table, a bolt status table, an exception record table, and a construction report table; S3: Load the BIM model and define the bolt ID, design torque, and angle range in the model; S4: Bind the data in the bolt status table to the corresponding bolts through the bolt ID; S5: Extract the data in the sensor data table and process it. The processing includes data cleaning and bolt data anomaly detection to obtain the bolt tightening status and classify it; S6: Obtain the processed bolt status table and exception record table data through the API interface and synchronize the data to the BIM model, and the BIM model performs visual display of the bolt status; S7: Extract the data in the bolt status table and the exception record table and automatically generate a construction quality report.

[0015] Specifically, step S1 of obtaining the bolt tightening data and preprocessing it includes, S101: Initialize the data acquisition device, select the positions of the bolts to be monitored according to project requirements at the construction site, install a torque sensor and an angle sensor on the tightening device, and calibrate the sensors according to construction specifications to ensure the accuracy of the torque and angle measurement values of the collected data.

[0016] Configure a unique identification code for the sensor, denoted as the sensor ID, and establish an associated mapping relationship of device parameter information based on the code. The device parameter information at least includes: bolt component number, installation point spatial coordinates, structural type parameters, and working space threshold range.

[0017] S102: Based on the complete deployment and debugging of the hardware device, collect key parameter data generated during the bolt tightening operation of the construction node in real time, including synchronously obtaining the torque value and rotation angle value of the construction operation through the torque sensor and the angle sensor, and the original measurement data is marked by the sensor ID and time-stamped with a time stamp to form a structured process dataset, providing basic data support with time traceability for subsequent tightening quality analysis.

[0018] S103: Format the collected original sensor data. The original data includes data such as the torque value, angle value, time stamp, and sensor ID collected by the sensor in real time, and unify the above data into a standard format, such as JSON or XML format that conforms to the data packet structure of the industrial Internet of Things communication protocol, for subsequent transmission and processing; and implement dynamic error correction based on a preset calibration program to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0019] Step S2 transfers the preprocessed data to the server side and constructs a database for storage, including S201: Configure the wireless communication module to ensure that the collected sensor data can be transmitted to the server in real time. Specifically, the collected data is transmitted to the server through the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module integrates Wi-Fi, LoRa, and Bluetooth to form a multi-mode transmission channel to adapt to different environmental requirements at the construction site; the server includes an edge server or a cloud server. To ensure data integrity, a unique identifier (UUID, Universally Unique Identifier) is generated for each transmission to identify and track data packets, and an encryption protocol is used to protect the security of the data during transmission, such as TLS (Transport Layer Security). The TLS protocol verifies the identities of both communication parties through digital certificates and encrypts the data to prevent data leakage or malicious tampering. Further, configure an error retransmission mechanism to monitor the transmission status of data packets in real time, detect data loss or transmission failures. When data loss or transmission failure is detected, the retransmission mechanism is automatically triggered to ensure that all data packets are successfully delivered to the server.

[0020] S202: Configure the server to receive and store sensor data, and design relevant database tables to construct a construction database, including a sensor data table, a bolt status table, an exception record table, and a construction report table, for storing and managing construction data. The sensor data table includes a data ID, a sensor ID, a timestamp, a torque value, an angle value, and a bolt ID; the bolt status table includes a bolt ID, a floor, a status, a current torque, a current angle, and an update time; the exception record table includes an exception ID, a bolt ID, an exception type, a torque value, an angle value, and a timestamp; the construction report table includes a report ID, a generation time, a total number of bolts, a completed number, and an exception number. The specific database table design is as follows:

[0021] See Figure 2, is a schematic diagram of the logical structure of the database table, which is used to implement efficient joint queries among the sensor data table, bolt status table, exception record table, and construction report table. Through the predefined foreign key "bolt ID", multi-table association queries among the sensor data table, exception record table, and bolt status table are realized. The specific association relationships are as follows: The sensor data table is associated with the bolt status table through the bolt ID; the exception record table is associated with the bolt status table through the bolt ID. That is, all construction data is associated with the bolt status table through the bolt ID to ensure the traceability of the construction process.

[0022] The bolt ID in the database table is consistent with the bolt ID in the BIM model data to ensure the real-time synchronization of construction data and the BIM model. Through the event-driven mechanism, when the bolt status changes, the system automatically triggers the data update process to ensure the consistency between the database and the BIM model.

[0023] Step S3 is to initialize the BIM model. Load the building or structural model in the BIM software and define design parameters such as the bolt ID, specific location of the bolt, and preset design torque and angle range in the BIM model.

[0024] For various BIM software, although the actual data formats are different, the combination of construction data and the parameter data of this component, that is, after the construction data is attached to the assembly parameters, can be directly used for three-dimensional scene display; at the same time, all the construction results of the project are saved in the construction database for easy query and statistics to ensure the integrity and traceability of the construction data. In addition, for complex tightening result data, such as partial deformation of the bolt or necessary modifications during construction to repair design errors, new components are integrated into the model by using the method of additionally integrating three-dimensional models. The integration process adopts an incremental update strategy to ensure the consistency and real-time nature of the model. Users can view the detailed information of the newly added components through interactive operations.

[0025] Step S4 is to bind the data collected by the sensor to the bolt objects in the BIM model one by one through the bolt ID, thereby establishing a linkage relationship between the BIM model and the construction database structure. Specifically: Through the predefined API interface, the bolt status data is synchronized to the BIM model in real time, including accurately matching the bolt status table in the database with the BIM model through the bolt ID, and dynamically binding parameters such as the sensor ID, torque value, angle value, and timestamp to the specific bolt objects in the BIM model, thereby establishing a linkage relationship between the BIM model and the construction database structure to ensure that each bolt data is dynamically bound to the corresponding BIM model node.

[0026] Step S5 is to process the data transmitted to the server, including data cleaning, exception analysis, and data storage. Among them, Data cleaning is the process of eliminating invalid, incomplete, or duplicate data records after the server receives sensor data, and correcting data errors based on device calibration information to ensure data accuracy and consistency. Meanwhile, real-time monitoring is carried out on the continuously received data stream, and by analyzing the transformation characteristics of the data, it is determined whether the sensor is faulty. For example, if the construction process data remains unchanged continuously, a sensor fault may occur. Measurement values with a correction deviation less than 2% are corrected to improve data quality.

[0027] Anomaly detection is to analyze torque and angle data. Based on preset torque and angle thresholds, real-time judgment is made on torque and angle data. If the data exceeds the preset range, it is marked as abnormal data, and an anomaly record is generated and stored in the anomaly record table. In this embodiment, detection is carried out according to the designed torque range (such as 180 Nm to 220 Nm) and the designed angle range (such as 25° to 30°). Further, the abnormal points of mutation in the data can also be identified by monitoring the deviation amplitude of the moving average of the data; based on the One-Class SVM algorithm, the anomaly of the data fluctuation pattern is detected to identify abnormal fluctuation patterns. Finally, the identified abnormal data is written into the anomaly record table, and the warning system is triggered to notify the construction team for analysis.

[0028] Data storage is to store the valid data after data cleaning and anomaly detection into the sensor data table. Meanwhile, the real-time status information in the bolt status table is synchronously updated, including the current torque, angle, and status flag. The status flag includes but is not limited to the following classifications: completed, uncompleted, unqualified, and unable to install.

[0029] Step S6 is to visually present the construction data for easy real-time monitoring and analysis, realize the dynamic association between bolt data and the BIM model, and provide support for the real-time update of the BIM model, specifically including S601: Render the bolt installation status in the BIM model to display the real-time progress, current status of bolt tightening, and the visual identification of the uninstalled positions. Specifically, the construction status of each bolt is shown through color marking, where green indicates that the tightening has been completed, yellow indicates that the tightening has not been completed, and red indicates abnormal bolts. The installation process of the bolts is reflected in real time through the graphical interface, providing more intuitive installation information for users. Users can view specific information through filtering conditions, and the filtering conditions include floor, time period, or component conditions. Among them, the API interface provides an efficient interface service that can easily access and modify BIM model data.

[0030] Further, rendering the bolt installation status in the BIM model to display the real-time progress, current status of bolt tightening, and the visual identification of the uninstalled positions also includes S6011: Dynamically display the installation status of bolts through interactive 3D rendering technology, and support users to view detailed information in the BIM model through click or zoom operations. For example, the multi-level detail level technology can be adopted to dynamically adjust the display accuracy of the model according to the user's interaction behavior, ensuring that the installation status of bolts and related information can be clearly presented at different zoom levels.

[0031] S6012: For the visualization problem in the bolt-dense area, adopt a density-based aggregation display algorithm to display the status information of adjacent bolts in an aggregated form. By dynamically adjusting the aggregation granularity, visual chaos is reduced while the accessibility of key status information is retained. Users can expand or collapse detailed information through interactive operations such as clicking on the aggregated area to achieve efficient information browsing and analysis.

[0032] S602: Through the event-driven mechanism, capture the changes in the bolt status in real time, and transfer the updated status information to the BIM model through the data synchronization interface to update the bolt status in the BIM model in real time, ensuring that the bolt status in the BIM model is consistent with the actual installation data, so as to achieve real-time synchronization of the model and data and avoid information lag or inconsistency.

[0033] The event-driven mechanism (Event-Driven Architecture, EDA) is a software design pattern centered around events. The occurrence of an event will trigger predefined actions or processes. An event is any meaningful state change or action record that occurs in the system. For example, the sensor detects that the bolt torque value exceeds the threshold or the component attributes in the BIM model are modified, etc. Borrow this technology to complete the visualization status update and achieve real-time response to construction anomalies.

[0034] In summary, the data visualization display in step S6, combined with the progress analysis and operation guidance of the multi-terminal collaborative management and decision support system, can view the real-time installation results of the target bolt in the overall scene in real time. Even during the screwing operation, the progress and results of the construction site can be restored through intelligent screwing equipment, cameras, and other sensors. After the screwing work is completed, data is written back to update the BIM data record and the construction database table.

[0035] Step S7 is to extract statistical data and generate a construction quality report. It includes S701: Extract data from the bolt status table and the exception record table to automatically generate a construction quality report. The report content includes the total number of bolts, the number of completed screwing, the number and location of abnormal bolts, and the statistics of abnormal types, such as insufficient torque or angle deviation.

[0036] S702: Format the report into a standard file, such as PDF or Excel format, embed visual screenshots of the BIM model in the report, and mark the locations of abnormal bolts. Store the construction report in the construction report table in the database and support distribution to the construction team and management personnel via email or the project management system.

[0037] The method provided in this embodiment integrates the real-time data collected by the intelligent sensors of the Internet of Things with the BIM model, realizing the dynamic monitoring and visual display of the bolt tightening state; combining big data analysis technology, providing functions of anomaly detection and construction quality assessment, ensuring the accuracy of data and the transparency of the construction process; at the same time, supporting multi-terminal access and collaboration, improving the management efficiency and the scientific nature of construction decision-making, thus effectively solving the limitations of data management and analysis in traditional methods.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] See Figure 3 , this embodiment provides a dynamic visualization management device for bolt tightening data based on BIM and the Internet of Things, including, A data acquisition module, used to collect various key data generated during the bolt tightening process from the construction site in real time, including a sensor unit, a data packaging unit, and a device calibration unit. Among them, the sensor unit uses a torque sensor and an angle sensor to capture the torque value and angle value during the tightening process in real time, providing basic data for the quality inspection of bolt tightening; the data packaging unit is responsible for formatting the collected raw data into a standard format, such as JSON or XML format, for subsequent transmission and processing; the device calibration unit corrects possible sensor errors through a preset calibration program to ensure the accuracy of the data.

[0040] A data transmission module, used to transmit the collected data to the server in real time, ensuring real-time performance and reliability, including a communication interface unit, an encrypted transmission unit, and an error retransmission unit. Among them, the communication interface unit is responsible for selecting the optimal wireless communication technology, such as Wi-Fi, LoRa, or Bluetooth technology, to adapt to the different environmental requirements of the construction site. The encrypted transmission unit uses encryption protocols such as TLS to protect the security of the data transmission process and prevent data leakage or tampering. The error retransmission unit can automatically trigger a retransmission mechanism when detecting data loss or transmission failure to ensure that all data packets are completely delivered to the server.

[0041] The data processing module is used to clean, analyze, store, and label the data transmitted to the server, including a cleaning processing unit, an anomaly detection unit, and a storage management unit; the cleaning processing unit improves data quality by filtering invalid or incomplete data, removing outliers, and correcting sensor measurement errors at the same time. The anomaly detection unit determines whether the data is abnormal based on preset torque thresholds and angle thresholds, and records the abnormal data in the anomaly record table. The storage management unit stores the cleaned data in the sensor data table and the bolt status table in categories, providing support for subsequent analysis and display.

[0042] The BIM integration module is used to dynamically associate the processed bolt data with the BIM model, including a data binding unit, an API interface unit, and a model update unit. Among them, the data binding unit binds the data collected by the sensor to the bolt objects in the BIM model one by one through the bolt ID, realizing dynamic data association. The data binding unit receives the return data of the intelligent tightening device in real time, automatically marks the bolt ID, and marks the installation status and tightening parameters in the BIM three-dimensional system. The installation status includes completed, uncompleted, unqualified, and unable to install; the supervision end can view the real-time installation results of the bolts in the overall scene in real time. Even during the tightening operation, the progress and results of the construction site can be restored through the intelligent tightening device, camera, and other sensors. After the tightening is completed, data is written back to update the BIM data record and the construction record database. The API interface unit provides efficient interface services, enabling other modules to easily access and modify BIM model data. The model update unit refreshes the bolt status in the model in real time through an event-driven mechanism to ensure data synchronization with the model.

[0043] The visualization module is used to visually present the construction data for real-time monitoring and analysis, including a rendering engine unit, an interactive operation unit, and a data aggregation unit. Among them, the rendering engine unit renders the bolt status in the 3D model according to the real-time updated bolt data, and shows the construction conditions of each bolt through color marking. For example, green indicates completed, yellow indicates uncompleted, and red indicates abnormal. The interactive operation unit views the detailed information in the model, such as the bolt position and status, by clicking, zooming, etc. The data aggregation unit reduces visual clutter in areas with dense bolts through an aggregation display method, improving the user experience.

[0044] A report generation module is used to store and distribute the analysis results in the form of a report to relevant parties, including a report generation unit, a file formatting unit, and a distribution unit. The report generation unit extracts data from the bolt status table and the exception record table, and automatically generates a construction quality report including the total number of bolts, the completed quantity, the number of exceptions, and their locations, etc. The file formatting unit outputs the report in a standard file format such as PDF or Excel. The distribution unit sends the report to relevant parties such as the construction team or management through email or the project management system, and supports multiple distribution channels.

[0045] A database receives and stores sensor data, including a sensor data table, a bolt status table, an exception record table, and a construction report table. Among them, the sensor data table includes a data ID, a sensor ID, a timestamp, a torque value, an angle value, and a bolt ID; the bolt status table includes a bolt ID, a floor, a status, a current torque, a current angle, and an update time; the exception record table includes an exception ID, a bolt ID, an exception type, a torque value, an angle value, and a timestamp; the construction report table includes a report ID, a generation time, the total number of bolts, the completed number, and the number of exceptions.

[0046] Embodiment 3

[0047] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, which can be set in an electronic device to store a computer program related to a method in the method embodiment. The computer program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method provided in the above Embodiment 1.

[0048] Embodiment 4

[0049] An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method provided in the above Embodiment 1 is implemented.

[0050] The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term “and / or” used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0052] Note that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts depict the steps as sequential processes, many of the steps may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the steps may be rearranged. The process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the figure. The process may correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

Claims

1. A dynamic visualization management method for bolt tightening data, characterized in that including obtaining bolt tightening sensor data and performing preprocessing, where the bolt tightening sensor data marks the bolt ID; transmitting the preprocessed data to the server side and constructing a database table for storage; the database table includes a sensor data table, a bolt status table, an exception record table, and a construction report table; loading the BIM model and defining the bolt ID, design torque, and design angle range in the BIM model; binding the data in the bolt status table to the corresponding bolt in the BIM model based on the bolt ID; extracting the data in the sensor data table and performing processing, including data cleaning and bolt data exception detection, to obtain the bolt tightening status and perform status classification processing; obtaining the processed bolt status table and exception record table data through the API interface and synchronizing the data to the BIM model, and the BIM model performs visual display of the bolt status.

2. The dynamic visualization management method for bolt tightening data according to claim 1, characterized in that The obtaining bolt tightening sensor data and performing preprocessing includes assembling a torque sensor and an angle sensor for the tightening device, calibrating the torque sensor and the angle sensor according to construction specifications, and configuring a unique identification code for each torque sensor and angle sensor, denoted as the sensor ID, and establishing an associated mapping relationship of device parameter information based on the code; real-time collecting the raw data generated during the bolt tightening operation at the construction node, and the raw data is double-marked by the sensor ID and the timestamp; performing formatting processing on the captured raw data, where the raw data includes the torque value, angle value, timestamp, and sensor ID collected by the sensor in real time, and performing dynamic error correction based on a preset calibration program.

3. The dynamic visualization management method for bolt tightening data according to claim 1, wherein The transmitting the preprocessed data to the server side and constructing a database table for storage includes configuring a wireless communication module to transmit the collected sensor data to the server in real time; constructing a construction database table on the server side; the sensor data table includes a data ID, a sensor ID, a timestamp, a torque value, an angle value, and a bolt ID; the bolt status table includes a bolt ID, a floor, a status, a current torque, a current angle, and an update time; the exception record table includes an exception ID, a bolt ID, an exception type, a torque value, an angle value, and a timestamp; the construction report table includes a report ID, a generation time, a total number of bolts, a completed number, and an exception number; defining the logical structure relationship between the database tables, and the sensor data table and the exception record table establish an index association mechanism by associating the bolt status table through the bolt ID.

4. The dynamic visualization management method for bolt tightening data according to claim 1, wherein The extracting the data in the sensor data table and performing processing includes data cleaning, including removing invalid, incomplete, or duplicate data records, and performing error correction on the measurement data based on the device calibration information; fault detection, including performing real-time monitoring on the continuously received data stream, and determining whether there is a fault in the sensor by analyzing the transformation characteristics of the data. Anomaly detection, including making real-time judgments on torque and angle data based on preset torque and angle thresholds. If the data exceeds the preset range, it is marked as abnormal data, and an anomaly record is generated and stored in the anomaly record table; identifying mutation anomaly points in the data by monitoring the deviation amplitude of the moving average of the data; detecting anomalies in the data fluctuation pattern based on the One-Class SVM algorithm to identify abnormal fluctuation patterns; Data storage, including storing the valid data after data cleaning and anomaly detection in the sensor data table. Meanwhile, the real-time status information in the bolt status table is synchronously updated, including the current torque, angle, and status flag.

5. The method for dynamically visualizing and managing bolt tightening data according to claim 1, wherein Obtaining the processed bolt status table and anomaly record table data through the API interface and synchronizing the data to the BIM model. The visual display of the bolt status by the BIM model includes, Rendering the bolt installation status in the BIM model, showing the real-time progress, current status of bolt tightening, and the visual identification of the uninstalled positions; Capturing the changes in the bolt status in real time through the event-driven mechanism and transmitting the updated status information to the BIM model through the data synchronization interface.

6. The method for dynamically visualizing and managing bolt tightening data according to claim 5, characterized in that The rendering of the bolt installation status in the BIM model, showing the real-time progress, current status of bolt tightening, and the visual identification of the uninstalled positions also includes, Dynamically displaying the bolt installation status through interactive 3D rendering technology, and dynamically adjusting the display precision of the model according to the user interaction behavior, presenting the bolt installation status and related information at different zoom levels; For the bolt-dense area, adopting a density-based aggregation display algorithm to display the status information of adjacent bolts in an aggregated form, and expanding or collapsing the detailed information according to the user interaction operation.

7. The method for dynamically visualizing and managing bolt tightening data according to claim 1, wherein Also includes, Extracting the data from the bolt status table and anomaly record table, automatically generating a construction quality report. The report content includes the total number of bolts, the number of bolts with tightening completed, the number and positions of abnormal bolts, and the anomaly type statistics; Formatting the report into a standard file and embedding a visual screenshot of the BIM model in the report, marking the positions of abnormal bolts.

8. A dynamic visualization management device for bolt tightening data, characterized in that, The device includes, A data acquisition module for real-time collecting various data generated during the bolt tightening process from the construction site, including a sensor unit, a data packaging unit, and a device calibration unit; A data transmission module for real-time transmitting the collected data to the server, including a communication interface unit, an encrypted transmission unit, and an error retransmission unit; A data processing module for cleaning, analyzing, storing, and marking the data transmitted to the server, including a cleaning processing unit, an anomaly detection unit, and a storage management unit; A BIM integration module for dynamically associating the processed bolt data with the BIM model, including a data binding unit, an API interface unit, and a model update unit; A visualization module for intuitively presenting the construction data, including a rendering engine unit, an interaction operation unit, and a data aggregation unit; A report generation module for storing and distributing the analysis results in the form of a report, including a report generation unit, a file formatting unit, and a distribution unit; A database, which is used to receive and store sensor data, including a sensor data table, a bolt status table, an abnormality record table, and a construction report table.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer program is stored in the storage medium, and the computer program is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the dynamic visualization management method for bolt tightening data as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. An electronic device, comprising: A processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the dynamic visualization management method for bolt tightening data as described in any one of claims 1-7 when executing the computer program.

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