Method for detecting electrical fault in cable network of wire harness and associated device

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for detecting an electrical fault in a wire harness (1) of an aircraft, comprising the following steps: E1: connecting the wire harness (1) to a multiplexer (21, 22) of a device (2) for detecting an electrical fault; e2: powering an anode (A1) of a first diode (D1) of the device (2) at a first potential (V1) and powering an anode (A2) of a second diode (D2) of the device (2) at a second potential (V2), the method comprising the following steps in each of a plurality of iterations: E41: selecting an address of each multiplexer (21, 22); e42: calculating a potential difference between the cathode (C1) of the first diode (D1) and the cathode (C2) of the second diode (D2); and E43: estimating an electrical failure in the wire harness (1) from the potential difference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of maintenance of airborne systems of aircraft.

[0002] Specifically, the present invention relates to the maintenance of electrical wiring harnesses of aircraft. Background Art

[0003] A turbine has a main direction extending along a longitudinal axis and generally includes a fan and a main shaft along the gas flow direction from upstream to downstream. The main shaft includes a compression section, a combustion chamber, and a turbine section. The compression section may include a low-pressure compressor and a high-pressure compressor, and the turbine section may include a high-pressure turbine and a low-pressure turbine. In particular, a so-called twin-spool turbine including a low-pressure shaft and a high-pressure shaft is equipped with sensors for measuring the rotational speeds of the low-pressure shaft and the high-pressure shaft.

[0004] An electrical wiring harness is an electrical device that transmits electrical signals between different equipment items. In the case of a turbine equipped with an electronic control unit and multiple sensors, the electrical wiring harness is placed between the electronic control unit and the sensors to transmit the measurement values obtained by these sensors, such as the measurement values obtained from the low-pressure shaft and the high-pressure shaft, to the electronic control unit. The wiring harness includes an electrically insulated wire network protected from external electromagnetic interference by a shielding device and an insulating sheath, and includes multiple terminal pieces (connectors, hangers, etc.) between different ends.

[0005] In the case of a fault in the wiring harness, two types of tests are manually performed by a mechanic to check the correct operation of the electrical wiring harness. The electrical continuity of each end of the wiring harness is measured to ensure that no wires are cut, and the insulation on all connectors of the wiring harness is measured to ensure that there is no short circuit between the wires and no short circuit between the wires and the shield.

[0006] However, if the number of wires to be tested is large, this method may be time-consuming. In addition, there is a risk that the mechanic responsible for maintenance may perform incorrect operations or forget to test one or more wires. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to automate the detection of faults in the wiring harness in order to improve the reliability and speed of performing maintenance operations on the wiring harness.

[0008] To this end, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for detecting an electrical fault in a cable network that electrically connects a first terminal piece and a second terminal piece of an electrical wiring harness of an aircraft,

[0009] The method includes the following steps:

[0010] E1: Connect the cable network to the channels of a first multiplexer and a second multiplexer of a device for detecting electrical faults in the wiring harness;

[0011] E2: Supply the anode of the first diode of the device with a first potential and supply the anode of the second diode of the device with a second potential different from the first potential,

[0012] The method includes performing the following steps in each of multiple iterations:

[0013] E41: Select a first address of a first multiplexer and a second address of a second multiplexer;

[0014] E42: Calculate the potential difference between the cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the second diode; and

[0015] E43: Infer the presence or absence of an electrical fault in the cable network based on the potential difference.

[0016] Thus, this method enables the mechanic to save time when searching for faults. Depending on the number of wires tested, the time saved by the mechanic is estimated to be between 25% and 92% of the maintenance operation duration without implementing this method.

[0017] The operating state of the electrical harness can also be better diagnosed, thereby enabling the reduction of maintenance costs associated with returning an electrical harness in good working condition to the supplier.

[0018] In addition, a step E3 of configuring the addresses of the channels of the first multiplexer and the addresses of the channels of the second multiplexer can be provided, each address corresponding to a separate wire of the cable network.

[0019] A step E21 can also be provided, in which the wires of the cable network are electrically connected to a single node.

[0020] In addition, a step E22 of selecting a detection mode of the device can be provided, and the detection mode of the device is, for example, a short - circuit detection mode and / or an open - circuit detection mode.

[0021] It can be stipulated that: configure the channels of the multiplexer by loading the wiring diagram of the harness recorded in the database.

[0022] In addition, a step E421 of recording the address and the potential difference can be provided.

[0023] It can be stipulated that: the number of multiple iterations is at least equal to the number of possible combinations of the channels of the first multiplexer and the channels of the second multiplexer.

[0024] It can be stipulated that: display the wires identified as being open - circuited and / or short - circuited, for example, display the wires identified as being open - circuited and / or short - circuited on a simplified wiring diagram of the electrical harness.

[0025] It may be stipulated that: the wires identified as being in an open circuit and / or a short circuit are recorded, for example, the wires identified as being in an open circuit and / or a short circuit are recorded in a document.

[0026] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device for detecting an electrical fault in a cable network that electrically connects a first terminal member and a second terminal member of an electrical harness of an aircraft. The device includes:

[0027] - A connection interface configured to connect the cable network to the detection device;

[0028] - A first multiplexer and a second multiplexer configured to be electrically connected to the cable network;

[0029] - A processing unit including a first input terminal and a second input terminal, the first input terminal and the second input terminal being configured to be electrically connected to the first multiplexer and the second multiplexer respectively;

[0030] - A first diode including a first anode and a first cathode, the first anode being configured to be connected to a voltage source at a first potential, and the first cathode being configured to be electrically connected to the output terminal of the first multiplexer and the first input terminal of the processing unit; and

[0031] - A second diode including a second anode and a second cathode, the second anode being configured to be connected to a voltage source at a second potential, and the second cathode being configured to be electrically connected to the output terminal of the second multiplexer and the second input terminal of the processing unit, the second potential being different from the first potential,

[0032] The processing unit is configured to:

[0033] - Select a first address of the first multiplexer and a second address of the second multiplexer;

[0034] - Calculate the potential difference between the first cathode and the second cathode; and

[0035] - Infer the presence or absence of an electrical fault in the cable network based on the potential difference.

[0036] It may be stipulated that: the device further includes a device for interconnecting the wires of the cable network with a single node.

[0037] It may be stipulated that: the voltage source is a local source or is tapped from the electrical network of the aircraft.

[0038] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer program product including instructions that, when the program is executed on the processing unit of the device according to the second aspect, cause the processing unit of the device to implement steps E41 to E43 of the method according to the first aspect.

[0039] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage device on which a computer program product according to the third aspect is recorded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Now, embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of non-limiting examples based on the drawings, in which:

[0041] - Figure 1 is a view of a turbine of an aircraft including an electrical harness;

[0042] - Figure 2 is a view of a part of an electrical harness of an aircraft;

[0043] - Figure 3 is a view of a detection device according to the present invention;

[0044] - Figure 4 is a flowchart showing steps of an implementation of a method according to the present invention;

[0045] - Figure 5 is a simplified wiring diagram of a device connected to a harness Figure 3 ;

[0046] - Figure 6 is a simplified wiring diagram of a device electrically connected to a harness Figure 3 wherein the harness includes a short-circuited wire;

[0047] - Figure 7 is Figure 6 an equivalent wiring diagram;

[0048] - Figure 8 is a simplified wiring diagram of a device electrically connected to a harness Figure 3 wherein the wires are interconnected;

[0049] - Figure 9 is Figure 8 an equivalent wiring diagram; and

[0050] - Figure 10 is a simplified wiring diagram of a device electrically connected to a harness Figure 3 wherein the harness includes an open-circuited wire.

[0051] In all the drawings, like elements have the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The turbine 10 has a main direction extending along the longitudinal axis X and generally includes, in the gas flow direction from upstream to downstream, a fan 102 and a main shaft. The main shaft includes a compression section, a combustion chamber 105, and a turbine section. The compression section may include a low-pressure compressor 103 and a high-pressure compressor 104. The turbine section may include a high-pressure turbine 106 and a low-pressure turbine 107. In one embodiment, the fan 102 may be a ducted fan and may be housed in a retaining housing and includes a nacelle 101 that defines the aerodynamic envelope of the engine. In a variant, the fan may be a non-ducted fan. The air flow entering the turbine 10 is split into a main flow and a secondary flow. The main flow is configured to pass through the main shaft, and the secondary flow bypasses the main shaft and is compressed by the fan 102.

[0053] In addition, the turbine 10 may be a ducted turbine and include more than two shafts.

[0054] The turbine 10 includes at least two drive shafts, typically a high-pressure shaft 109 and a low-pressure shaft 108.

[0055] The high-pressure shaft 109 is connected to the high-pressure turbine 106 and is configured to drive the high-pressure compressor 104.

[0056] The low-pressure shaft 108 is connected to the low-pressure turbine 107 and is configured to drive the low-pressure compressor 103. The low-pressure shaft 108 either directly drives the fan 102 rotationally through the low-pressure turbine or drives the fan 102 rotationally through a reduction mechanism that may include planetary or star-type epicyclic reduction gears (see Figure 1 ).

[0057] The present invention is also applicable to turbines including a third shaft that is connected to an intermediate turbine extending between the high-pressure turbine 106 and the low-pressure turbine 107. The intermediate turbine drives the low-pressure compressor 103. The fan 102 is driven by the low-pressure turbine 107.

[0058] In the present application, upstream and downstream are defined relative to the normal flow direction of the gas through the turbine 10. Thus, the axis X of the turbine 10 corresponds to the rotational axis of its rotor components.

[0059] The turbine 10 also includes two speed sensors 110 and 111 and an electronic control unit 112. The two speed sensors 110 and 111 are configured to measure the rotational speeds of the high-pressure shaft 109 and the low-pressure shaft 108, respectively. The electronic control unit 112 is electrically connected to the sensors 110, 111.

[0060] The turbine 10 further includes an electrical harness 1, which includes a first terminal and a second terminal at its ends. The first terminal and the second terminal are configured to electrically connect the sensors 110 and 111 to the electronic control unit 112 in the turbine 1 through a cable network respectively. Each cable includes one or more wires. The terminals may include connectors or terminals.

[0061] For example, as Figure 2 shown, four wires 13, 14, 15, 16 form part of a cable network that electrically connects the first terminal and the second terminal. Among them, the first terminal includes a first connector 11, and the second terminal includes a second connector 12. The cable network is electrically insulated and isolated by a sheath from external electromagnetic interference.

[0062] However, the applicant has observed that the electrical harness 1 may suffer from electrical faults that are difficult to locate, such as a short circuit between two wires or a break in the wire. Such a fault may occur before the electrical harness 1 is installed in the turbine 100 or during the use of the electrical harness 1.

[0063] Therefore, in order to detect electrical faults, a device 2 for detecting electrical faults in a cable network is provided, where the cable network electrically connects the first connector 11 and the second connector 12 of the harness 1.

[0064] In Figure 3 a device 2 for detecting electrical faults in the electrical harness 1 is shown by way of non-limiting example. The device 2 includes:

[0065] - A connection interface 20 (or harness interface), which is configured to connect the cable network to the detection device 2;

[0066] - A first multiplexer 21 and a second multiplexer 22, which are configured to be electrically connected to the cable network;

[0067] - A processing unit 23, which includes a first input terminal V IN1 and a second input terminal V IN2 , the first input terminal V IN1 and the second input terminal V IN2 are configured to be electrically connected to the first multiplexer 21 and the second multiplexer 22 respectively;

[0068] - A first diode D1, which includes a first anode A1 and a first cathode C1. The first anode A1 is configured to be connected to a voltage source V1 at a first potential, and the first cathode C1 is configured to be electrically connected to the output terminal of the first multiplexer 21 and the first input terminal V IN1 of the processing unit 23; and

[0069] - A second diode D2, the second diode D2 includes a second anode A2 and a second cathode C2, the second anode A2 is configured to be connected to a voltage source V2 at a second potential, and the second cathode C2 is configured to be electrically connected to the output terminal of the second multiplexer 22 and the second input terminal of the processing unit 23, and the second potential V2 is different from the first potential V1.

[0070] The processing unit 23 is configured to:

[0071] - Select a first address of the first multiplexer 21 and a second address of the second multiplexer 22;

[0072] - Calculate the potential difference between the first cathode C1 and the second cathode C2; and

[0073] - Infer the presence or absence of an electrical fault in the cable network based on the potential difference.

[0074] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described particularly in the case of the electrical harness 1 of the turbine 10. However, this is not restrictive, and the present invention is applicable to any harness suitable for use in an aircraft.

[0075] According to Figure 3 the illustrated embodiment, the connection interface 20 is configured to create an electrical connection 24 between the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 and the multiplexers 21, 22 through the second connector 12 of the harness 1.

[0076] According to another embodiment, the connection interface 20 can be configured to directly create an electrical connection 24 between the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 and the multiplexers 21, 22. Therefore, the test device 2 can be commonly connected to any type of electrical harness 1.

[0077] The output of the interface 20 is identically connected to all channels of the first multiplexer 21 and the second multiplexer 22. The addresses sent by the processing unit 23 to the multiplexers 21, 22 enable the independent selection of the first channel of the first multiplexer 21 and the second channel of the second multiplexer 22, and each channel corresponds to one of the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 to be tested. Therefore, the multiplexers 21, 22 can selectively send analog signals from a single connection channel.

[0078] The analog input terminals V IN1 and V IN2They are respectively electrically connected to the output terminals of multiplexers 21 and 22. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is configured to convert an analog signal into a digital signal, and a processing unit 23 is configured to calculate the potential difference between two analog signals. In addition, the processing unit 23 is configured to perform other mathematical and / or statistical operations such that recurring faults in the same series of wire harnesses are highlighted. Therefore, fault identification is improved.

[0079] The processing unit 23 also includes two output terminals S1 and S2. Therefore, the signals output by the processing unit 23 can be viewed, for example, on a screen.

[0080] For example, the command unit 23 can be a microcontroller, an FPGA, or any other equivalent electrical component.

[0081] The potential difference applied between the cathodes C1 and C2 of the diodes D1 and D2 enables the detection of faults. Specifically, in the case of a short circuit between two wires of the wire harness 1, when the processing unit 23 selects the two channels in a short circuit, the two cathodes C1 and C2 are electrically connected. In a scenario where, for example, voltage V1 is greater than voltage V2, the diode D1 conducts, and the diode D2 is cut off (current flows from the highest potential to the lowest potential), while applying the cathode potential of the diode D1 to the analog input terminals V IN1 、V IN2 of the processing unit 23. In this case, the potential difference between the cathodes of D1 and D2 has a zero value, thus enabling the detection of a short circuit.

[0082] In the scenario of detecting an open circuit, the device may include a device 24 for interconnecting the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 of the cable network to a single node, thereby applying a zero potential difference between V IN1 and V IN2 unless one of the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 is no longer interconnected between the first connector 11 and the second connector 12.

[0083] Therefore, this arrangement of the two diodes D1 and D2 of the device 2 not only provides the advantage of being a cost-effective detection arrangement but also provides the advantage that this arrangement is passive because it does not require any control of the detection device.

[0084] The device 2 is powered at potentials V1 and V2 at the anodes A1 and A2 of each of the diodes D1 and D2 by a voltage source, which can be local, such as a battery or a power supply station, or tapped from the electrical network of the aircraft.

[0085] For example, the electrical network of the aircraft is a three-phase AC network of 115V / 400Hz.

[0086] Therefore, device 2 offers the advantage of being movable. Device 2 can be used interchangeably on the electrical harness 1 outside its installation area (such as turbine 10), or used simply by unplugging the connector in its installation area ( Figure 1 ). Reducing the throughput also provides the benefit of making maintenance operations on damaged harnesses more reliable.

[0087] Method for detecting electrical faults in the wiring harness 1

[0088] An electrical fault can be a short circuit or an open circuit in the electrical harness 1. To detect such faults, device 2 can be used by implementing the following steps indicated in Figure 4 .

[0089] During step E1, connect the cable network to the channels of the first multiplexer 21 and the second multiplexer 22 of device 2.

[0090] During step E2, supply power to the anode A1 of the first diode D1 of device 2 with a first potential V1, and supply power to the anode A2 of the second diode D2 of device 2 with a second potential V2 different from the first potential V1.

[0091] In addition, step E21 can be provided. In step E21, electrically connect the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 of the cable network to a single node, for example, manually and / or by an interconnection device 24 that electrically connects the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 of the cable network to a single node. The interconnection device 24 is configured to implement steps that provide the advantages of simply and quickly connecting and / or disconnecting the cable network.

[0092] At this stage, device 2 is connected to the cable network of the electrical harness 1 through the connection interface 20 or through any other device. And if maintenance or repair operations are performed on the electrical harness 1 connected to the turbine 10, device 2 is powered by the internal power grid of the turbine 10, or if operations are performed on the electrical harness 1 removed from the turbine 10, device 2 is powered by an external power source (battery, national grid, etc.).

[0093] Therefore, device 2 is ready for use.

[0094] Step E22 can also be provided. In step E22, select the detection mode of device 2. The detection mode of device 2 is, for example, a short circuit detection mode and / or an open circuit detection mode. Therefore, selecting the detection mode enables the processing unit 23 to reduce the number of operations to be performed and thus improve the calculation speed.

[0095] During step E3, configure the addresses of the channels of the first multiplexer 21 and the addresses of the channels of the second multiplexer 22. Each address corresponds to a separate wire 13, 14, 15, 16.

[0096] During the configuration of the address, the wiring diagram of the harness 1 to be tested is loaded from the device's database. Thus, the association of the channels of the multiplexers 21, 22 with the wires 13, 14, 15, 16 of the harness 1 is equivalent to the actual situation of the harness 1 to be tested.

[0097] In each of the multiple iterations, the following steps are performed.

[0098] The multiple iterations can be, for example, at least equal to the number of possible combinations of the channels of the first multiplexer 21 and the channels of the second multiplexer 22.

[0099] By first testing only the possible combinations of the channels of the first multiplexer 21 and the channels of the second multiplexer 22, the multiple iterations can be reduced, provided that these channels correspond to the nearest wires.

[0100] During steps E41 and E42, the first address of the first multiplexer 21 and the second address of the second multiplexer 22 are then selected to calculate the potential difference between the cathode C1 of the first diode D1 and the cathode C2 of the second diode D2.

[0101] Step E421 can also be provided, in which the addresses of the channels being tested and the potential differences calculated for these channels are recorded.

[0102] Then, during step E43, the presence or absence of an electrical fault in the cable network is inferred based on the potential difference. Figures 5 to 10 The following examples shown detail the different faults that can be inferred based on the potential difference:

[0103] - The cable network has no short circuits ( Figure 5 ): Regardless of which wire is tested, the potential difference is not zero. Thus, it can be inferred that there are no short circuits in the harness 1;

[0104] - The wires 13, 14, 15, 16 of the cable network are electrically connected to a single node and there are no open circuits ( Figure 8 and Figure 9 ): Regardless of which wire is tested, the potential difference is zero. Thus, it can be inferred that there are no open circuits in the harness 1;

[0105] - The cable network has a short circuit between wires 13 and 14 ( Figure 6 and Figure 7 ): When the addresses of the corresponding channels are selected, the potential difference is zero. Thus, it can be inferred that there is a short circuit in the harness 1;

[0106] - The wires 13, 14, 15, 16 of the cable network are electrically connected to a single node and the cable network has an open circuit between wires 13 and 14 ( Figure 10):When the address of the corresponding channel is selected, the potential difference is non-zero. Therefore, it can be inferred that there is an open circuit in harness 1, and then when calculating the potential difference for other channel combinations, the address of the damaged wire can be inferred.

[0107] When applicable, wires 13, 14, 15, 16 identified as being open and / or shorted can be displayed, for example, wires 13, 14, 15, 16 identified as being open and / or shorted can be displayed on a simplified wiring diagram of electrical harness 1.

[0108] Wires (13, 14, 15, 16) identified as being open and / or shorted can also be recorded, for example, wires (13, 14, 15, 16) identified as being open and / or shorted can be recorded in a document that is configured for archiving or post-processing to improve the identification of the cause of the fault, or to track the history of recurring faults in order to infer any changes in the behavior of the harness when in use.

Claims

1. A method for detecting electrical faults in a cable network, the cable network being electrically connected to a first terminal member (11) and a second terminal member (12) of an electrical harness (1) of an aircraft, The method comprises the following steps: E1: Connect the cable network to the channels of a first multiplexer (21) and a second multiplexer (22) of a device (2) for detecting electrical faults in the harness (1); E2: Supply power to the anode (A1) of a first diode (D1) of the device at a first potential (V1), and supply power to the anode (A2) of a second diode (D2) of the device (2) at a second potential (V2) different from the first potential (V1), The method comprises performing the following steps in each iteration of multiple iterations: E41: Select a first address of the first multiplexer (21) and a second address of the second multiplexer (22); E42: Calculate the potential difference between the cathode (C1) of the first diode (D1) and the cathode (C2) of the second diode (D2); and E43: Infer the presence or absence of an electrical fault in the cable network based on the potential difference.

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising step E3, in which step E3, configure the addresses of the channels of the first multiplexer (21) and the addresses of the channels of the second multiplexer (22), each address corresponding to a separate wire (13, 14, 15, 16) of the cable network.

3. The method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, further comprising step E21, in which step E21, electrically connect the wires (13, 14, 15, 16) of the cable network to a single node.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising step E22 of selecting a detection mode of the device (2), the detection mode of the device (2) being, for example, a short-circuit detection mode and / or an open-circuit detection mode.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein The channels of the multiplexers (21, 22) are configured by loading a wiring diagram of the harness (1) recorded in a database.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising step E421 of recording the address and the potential difference.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The multiple iterations are at least equal to the number of possible combinations of the channels of the first multiplexer (21) and the channels of the second multiplexer (22).

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein Display the wires (13, 14, 15, 16) identified as being open and / or short-circuited, for example, display the wires (13, 14, 15, 16) identified as being open and / or short-circuited on a simplified wiring diagram of the electrical harness (1).

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein Record the wires (13, 14, 15, 16) identified as being open and / or short-circuited, for example, record the wires (13, 14, 15, 16) identified as being open and / or short-circuited in a document.

10. A device (2) for detecting electrical faults in a cable network, the cable network being electrically connected to a first terminal member (11) and a second terminal member (12) of an electrical harness (1) of an aircraft, the device (2) comprising: - A connection interface (20) configured to connect the cable network to the detection device (2); - A first multiplexer (21) and a second multiplexer (22) configured to be electrically connected to the cable network; - A processing unit (23) including a first input terminal and a second input terminal, the first input terminal and the second input terminal being configured to be electrically connected to the first multiplexer (21) and the second multiplexer (22) respectively; - A first diode (D1) including a first anode (A1) and a first cathode (C1), the first anode being configured to be connected to a voltage source at a first potential (V1), the first cathode being configured to be electrically connected to the output terminal of the first multiplexer (21) and the first input terminal of the processing unit (23); And - A second diode (D2) including a second anode (A2) and a second cathode (C2), the second anode being configured to be connected to a voltage source at a second potential (V2), the second cathode being configured to be electrically connected to the output terminal of the second multiplexer (22) and the second input terminal of the processing unit (23), the second potential (V2) being different from the first potential (V1), The processing unit (23) is configured to: - Select a first address of the first multiplexer (21) and a second address of the second multiplexer (22); - Calculate the potential difference between the first cathode (C1) and the second cathode (C2); And - Infer the presence or absence of an electrical fault in the cable network based on the potential difference.

11. The detection device (2) according to claim 10, further comprising means (24) for interconnecting the wires (13, 14, 15, 16) of the cable network to a single node.

12. The detection device (2) according to any one of claims 10 and 11, wherein, The voltage source is a local source or tapped from the electrical network of the aircraft.

13. A computer program product comprising instructions which, when the program is executed on the processing unit (23) of the device (2) according to any one of claims 10 to 12, cause the processing unit (23) of the device (2) to implement steps E41 to E43 of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

14. A computer-readable storage device having recorded thereon the computer program product according to claim 13.

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