Respiratory function training device and training method

Abstract

The invention provides a respiratory function training device and method.The training device comprises an airway model, a respiratory port connected with one end of the airway model, a sensor unit arranged in the airway model and used for monitoring respiratory data, and a resistance adjusting module used for adjusting respiratory resistance; the breathing port is a mouth-nose mask or a mouth-holding mouth; the sensor unit is used for monitoring the airflow speed in the airway model, the pressure in the airway model and the temperature of breathing gas and transmitting the data to the controller, and the controller controls the resistance adjusting module to act according to breathing data so as to adjust the breathing resistance. The sensor unit is arranged in the airway model to collect the breathing data of the patient for monitoring in the training process, the controller controls the resistance adjusting module to act according to the breathing data, the breathing resistance can be automatically adjusted, the resistance adjusting module does not need to be manually adjusted, and more intelligence is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical auxiliary devices, and particularly relates to a respiratory function training device and a training method. Background Art

[0002] Respiratory function training devices are tools to help people improve their breathing skills and enhance lung function. The main goal is to enhance the strength and endurance of the respiratory muscles, especially the diaphragm, through effective breathing, so as to relieve dyspnea, improve the body's activity ability, prevent respiratory muscle fatigue, and improve the quality of life of patients.

[0003] CN202311324226.2 discloses a resistance breathing trainer, which is provided with a movable sleeve and a resistance adjusting member in a housing. By rotating the resistance adjusting member, the movable sleeve can move up and down, so as to adjust the compression force of the elastic member and thus adjust the resistance. It takes into account the training of both inspiratory and expiratory resistance. It adjusts the resistance by manually rotating the resistance adjusting member, and cannot automatically adjust the resistance according to the patient's breathing training situation. For example, when the patient is performing breathing training and has too shallow breathing, it cannot automatically reduce the breathing resistance to encourage the patient to take a deep breath. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a respiratory function training device. In the second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a breathing training method based on the aforementioned respiratory function training device.

[0005] In an embodiment of the present invention, the respiratory function training device includes an airway model, a breathing port connected to one end of the airway model, a sensor unit disposed in the airway model for monitoring respiratory data, and a resistance adjustment module for adjusting respiratory resistance. The breathing port is a nose and mouth mask or a mouthpiece; the sensor unit is used to monitor the air flow velocity in the airway model, the pressure in the airway model, and the temperature of the respiratory gas and transmit them to the controller, and the controller controls the action of the resistance adjustment module according to the respiratory data to adjust the respiratory resistance.

[0006] The breathing training method according to the embodiments of the present invention is implemented based on the above-mentioned breathing function training device, and includes the following steps: manufacturing a breathing function training device; a patient wears the breathing function training device, and the patient's mouth and nose are connected to the breathing port, and starts breathing training according to the prompt; the sensor unit measures the air flow velocity, the pressure in the airway model, and the temperature of the breathing gas in real time and transmits them to the controller. The controller determines whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling according to the air flow direction and temperature information, the controller determines the patient's breathing pattern according to the air flow velocity information, and determines the breathing intensity according to the pressure change information; the controller controls the resistance adjustment module to act to automatically adjust the resistance value according to the patient's breathing data, and provides real-time feedback through the display screen, the sound module, and the vibration module to guide the patient; training effect evaluation: calculating the change trend of the vital capacity through the inspiratory depth of multiple trainings, and measuring the breathing stability through the standard deviation of the pressure fluctuation; output result: outputting the change trend of the vital capacity and the breathing stability situation, and generating a training effect report.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the relatively superior technical solution of the present invention include:

[0008] 1. By setting a sensor unit in the airway model to collect the patient's breathing data for monitoring during the training process, and the controller controls the resistance adjustment module to act according to the breathing data, the breathing resistance can be automatically adjusted without manually adjusting the resistance adjustment module, which is more intelligent.

[0009] 2. The resistance adjustment module realizes the adjustment of the breathing resistance through the variable airway cross-sectional area module and the porous structure module, realizes a wide range and fine resistance adjustment, and helps the patient to carry out scientific training.

[0010] 3. The controller automatically adjusts the training mode according to the breathing data collected by the sensor unit and algorithm analysis, and gives feedback through the display screen, the sound module and the vibration module to guide the patient to adjust the breathing.

[0011] 4. According to the breathing data, quantitatively evaluate the training effect (such as whether the vital capacity increases and whether the breathing is more stable), and automatically adjust the resistance value or the training mode according to the training result to ensure the scientificity and effectiveness of the training.

[0012] 5. Based on the patient's lung CT data, 3D oral and facial scan data, and lung function test data, construct a personalized 3D model and customize a suitable breathing function training device; use 3D printing technology, select materials according to the patient's specific needs, and 3D print the airway model and the breathing port to ensure the comfort and functionality of the training device. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the breathing function training device of the embodiment.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the breathing function training device of the embodiment.

[0015] Figures 3a - 3c It is a schematic diagram of the change in the cross-sectional area of the middle channel in the embodiment.

[0016] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: airway model 1, breathing port 2, sensor unit 3, airflow sensor 31, pressure sensor 32, temperature sensor 33, resistance adjustment module 4, variable airway cross-sectional area module 41, blade 411, middle channel 412, porous structure module 42, end cover 421, ventilation hole 422, controller 5, display screen 6. Specific Embodiments

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0018] Embodiment 1

[0019] This embodiment provides a breathing function training device. As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, in a preferred embodiment, it includes an airway model 1, a breathing port 2 connected to one end (the upper end in the figure) of the airway model 1, a sensor unit 3 provided in the airway model 1 for monitoring breathing data, and a resistance adjustment module 4 for adjusting breathing resistance. The breathing port 2 is a nose and mouth mask or a mouthpiece. When a patient performs breathing training, the sensor unit 3 is used to monitor the airflow velocity in the airway model 1, the pressure in the airway model 1, and the temperature of the breathing gas and transmit them to the controller 5. The controller 5 is provided in the airway model 1 and receives the breathing data of the sensor unit 3. The controller 5 controls the action of the resistance adjustment module 4 according to the breathing data to adjust the breathing resistance. For example, when the patient's breathing depth (the volume of a single inhalation or exhalation) is shallow breathing, the resistance adjustment module 4 acts to reduce the breathing resistance (i.e., reduce the airway resistance) to encourage deep breathing.

[0020] In the present invention, the sensor unit 3 includes an air flow sensor 31, a pressure sensor 32, and a temperature sensor 33. The air flow sensor 31 measures the air flow velocity within the airway model 1 to determine the patient's breathing frequency and depth. The method of obtaining the breathing frequency and depth from the air flow velocity is a conventional technique in the art and will not be elaborated here. The air flow sensor 31 can be a hot film type flow sensor or a differential pressure type flow sensor, and is embedded inside the airway model 1 near the entrance of the breathing port 2. The pressure sensor 32 measures the pressure change within the airway model 1 to determine the breathing intensity. When the breathing resistance provided by this training device increases, the patient needs a greater breathing pressure to complete the training. The pressure sensor 32 can be a piezoresistive sensor and is installed inside the airway model 1 near the resistance adjustment module 4. The temperature sensor 33 monitors the temperature of the breathing gas to determine whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling. The temperature of the exhaled gas is usually higher than that of the inhaled gas. The temperature sensor 33 can be a thermocouple or a thermistor and is located inside the airway model 1 near the breathing port 2.

[0021] The air flow sensor 31, the pressure sensor 32, and the temperature sensor 33 collect breathing data and transmit it to the controller 5, convert data such as air flow velocity, pressure, and temperature into digital signals, and store them as time series data. The controller 5 distinguishes the inhalation and exhalation phases based on the air flow direction (inhalation / exhalation, monitored by the air flow sensor 31) and temperature change. The controller 5 preprocesses the breathing data (performs filtering and calibration to remove noise interference), calculates the breathing frequency (number of breaths per minute) and breathing depth (volume of a single inhalation or exhalation); determines the breathing mode through a threshold. When the breathing depth > a preset threshold (such as 800 mL / breath), it is deep breathing. When the breathing depth < a preset threshold (such as 300 mL / breath), it is shallow breathing. When the breathing frequency > a preset threshold (such as 20 breaths / minute), it is rapid breathing.

[0022] In the present invention, the resistance adjustment module 4 includes a variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 and / or a porous structure module 42, and preferably both the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 and the porous structure module 42 are provided simultaneously.

[0023] Among them, the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 is installed in the upper middle part of the airway model 1, below the air flow sensor 31 and the temperature sensor 33, and above the pressure sensor 32. The variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 includes a blade structure formed by circumferentially intersecting a plurality of blades 411 to form an intermediate channel 412, and a blade driving mechanism for driving the movement of the plurality of blades 411 to change the cross-sectional area of the intermediate channel 412, and forms different resistances by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the intermediate channel 412. For example Figures 3a - 3cAs shown, the vane structure is an adjustable valve similar to the "aperture" of a camera. The vane drive mechanism changes the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 by rotating or sliding the vane 411, which is prior art and its structure and principle will not be elaborated here. The vane structure can also adopt the breathing impedance controller disclosed in CN202322562866.9. Specifically in application, the first turntable and the second turntable are driven by the vane drive mechanism to rotate relative to each other, causing the vane 411 to move, and realizing the adjustment of the aperture size of the middle channel 412 formed by the intersection of multiple vanes 411.

[0024] The tracheal diameter of ordinary normal people is generally between 1.5 and 2.5 centimeters. The size of the trachea will vary according to factors such as the individual's gender, age, height, etc., but it generally remains within the range of 1.5 - 2.5 centimeters in adults. Preferably, for adult patients, when the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 of the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 is adjusted to the maximum, the diameter of the middle channel 412 should be greater than 2.5 centimeters, which can cover the range of the tracheal diameter of 1.5 - 2.5 centimeters, so as to facilitate the adjustment according to the actual situation of the patient.

[0025] The porous structure module 42 is arranged at the rear end of the airway model 1 away from the breathing port 2 and below the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41. The porous structure module 42 includes an end cover 421 with an upper opening connected to the airway model 1 (which can be understood as the lower end cover of the airway model 1). There are several ventilation holes 422 with different sizes circumferentially spaced on the side wall of the end cover 421. The several ventilation holes 422 ensure uniform air flow circumferentially. Preferably, the several ventilation holes 422 are arranged in sequence according to size. An adjustment mechanism for the ventilation holes 422 is also provided in the end cover 421 to individually control the opening and closing of each ventilation hole 422, so as to form different resistances. During use, only one ventilation hole 422 needs to be opened and the other ventilation holes 422 are closed. When it is necessary to reduce the resistance, open a ventilation hole 422 with a larger size than the current ventilation hole 422 and close the other ventilation holes 422. When it is necessary to increase the resistance, open a ventilation hole 422 with a smaller size than the current ventilation hole 422 and close the other ventilation holes 422, forming different resistances, that is, adjusting the airway resistance by switching to ventilation holes 422 of different sizes.

[0026] In this embodiment, the vent hole 422 adjusting mechanism includes a number of valves corresponding to the plurality of vent holes 422 one by one. The valves can control the opening and closing of the corresponding vent holes 422. Using valves to control the opening and closing of the vent holes 422 is an existing technique and will not be described in detail here. Alternatively, the vent hole 422 adjusting mechanism includes a baffle that is circumferentially slidably connected to the inner side wall of the end cover 421 and can close all the vent holes 422, and a rotary driving mechanism (the rotary driving mechanism uses a motor that can rotate forward and backward) for driving the baffle to rotate. The baffle has vent holes 422 that penetrate through it. The size of the vent holes 422 that penetrate through is larger than the size of the largest vent hole 422. By driving the baffle to rotate through the rotary driving mechanism, the vent holes 422 that penetrate through can be aligned with one of the vent holes 422. The aligned vent holes 422 are opened, and the remaining vent holes 422 are closed by the baffle.

[0027] In another embodiment, the sizes of the plurality of vent holes 422 on the side wall of the end cover 421 are the same. A valve for controlling the opening and closing of each vent hole 422 is correspondingly provided at each vent hole 422. The airway resistance is adjusted by opening different numbers of vent holes 422. For example, when it is necessary to increase the airway resistance, the number of opened vent holes 422 is reduced, and when it is necessary to reduce the airway resistance, the number of opened vent holes 422 is increased.

[0028] As Figure 1 shown, in another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a display screen 6 connected to the controller 5 is further provided on the outer surface of the front of the airway model 1. The display screen 6 is within the patient's field of view. The display screen 6 real-time displays respiratory data (including real-time respiratory rate, respiratory depth, resistance value) and training suggestions (such as "Please take a deep breath" or "Respiration is too fast"). When an abnormal respiratory pattern is detected, a corresponding prompt is displayed. Among them, the resistance value can be represented by a resistance level. The controller 5 is also connected to a sound module, and guides the patient to adjust the breathing through voice (such as "Please exhale slowly") or a prompt sound (such as a "beep-beep" sound to guide the inhalation and exhalation rhythm). When the respiratory rate is too fast or too slow, a voice reminder is triggered. The controller 5 is also connected to a vibration module, and reminds the patient to pay attention to the breathing rhythm through vibration feedback. For example, a short vibration prompts inhalation, and a long vibration prompts exhalation. When the patient's breathing rhythm does not match the preset target, a vibration reminder is triggered.

[0029] The present invention helps the patient master the correct breathing method by providing the display screen 6, the sound module, and the vibration module.

[0030] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 and the porous structure module 42 can be adjusted for resistance manually, such as by providing a knob on the outer wall of the airway model 1 or the display screen 6 is a touch screen, and the resistance value is adjusted by operating the knob or the touch screen. The display screen 6 real-time displays the current resistance level. Further preferably, the controller 5 is also connected to a memory, which can save the resistance settings of the user for convenient direct calling next time.

[0031] In another preferred embodiment, the controller 5 also realizes data interaction between the training device and the terminal device through Bluetooth and Wi-Fi technologies, facilitating remote monitoring and guidance by medical staff. The controller 5 of the present invention is also connected to the cloud data management platform to securely store patient data, and the patient data can be viewed through the display screen 6 and the terminal device, facilitating the scientific setting of the training intensity for the patient.

[0032] When a patient uses the training device for breathing training, the airflow sensor 31 detects an airflow velocity of 0.5 L / s, the pressure sensor 32 detects an airway pressure of 200 Pa, and the temperature sensor 33 detects an increase in the airflow temperature, determining it as the exhalation phase. Continuing to monitor the patient's breathing data, for example, the controller 5 identifies that the patient is currently in "shallow breathing" (inspiratory depth is only 300 mL per breath) and has a too fast breathing rate (25 breaths per minute). The training device gives feedback and makes adjustments. Specifically: the display screen 6 shows: "Breathing too fast, please reduce the breathing rate"; the sound module plays a voice prompt: "Please inhale slowly and hold for 3 seconds"; the controller 5 controls the resistance adjustment module 4 to automatically reduce the resistance value, encouraging the patient to take deep breaths and reduce the breathing rate; the vibration module emits a short vibration during the inhalation phase to prompt the patient to start inhaling, and the vibration module emits a long vibration during the exhalation phase to prompt the patient to start exhaling.

[0033] Embodiment 2

[0034] This embodiment provides a breathing training method, which is implemented based on the breathing function training device of Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0035] Manufacture a breathing function training device.

[0036] The patient wears the breathing function training device, and the patient's mouth and nose are connected to the breathing port 2, and starts breathing training according to the prompt.

[0037] The sensor unit 3 (including the airflow sensor 31, the pressure sensor 32, and the temperature sensor 33) measures the airflow velocity in the airway model 1, the pressure in the airway model 1, and the temperature of the breathing gas in real time and transmits them to the controller 5. The controller 5 determines whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling according to the airflow direction (monitored by the airflow sensor 31) and the temperature information (monitored by the temperature sensor 33). The controller 5 determines the patient's breathing mode (such as deep breathing, shallow breathing, rapid breathing, etc.) according to the airflow velocity information, and the controller 5 determines the breathing intensity according to the pressure change information.

[0038] The controller 5 controls the resistance adjustment module 4 to automatically adjust the resistance value according to the patient's breathing data, and provides real-time feedback through the display screen 6, the sound module, and the vibration module to guide the patient. For example, if the patient's breathing is too shallow, the resistance is reduced to encourage deep breathing.

[0039] Training effect evaluation: The breathing data (such as daily training records) stored in the controller 5 for a long time is used to calculate the changing trend of vital capacity through the inspiratory depth of multiple trainings, and the breathing stability is measured by the standard deviation of pressure fluctuations.

[0040] Output result: Output the changing trend of vital capacity and the breathing stability situation, and generate a training effect report (such as "The vital capacity has increased by 10%", "The breathing stability is insufficient"; or "The vital capacity has increased by 10%", "The breathing is more stable").

[0041] In the present invention, the method for the controller 5 to automatically adjust the resistance value by controlling the resistance adjustment module 4 according to the patient's breathing condition is as follows:

[0042] S1, the controller 5 determines whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling according to the air flow direction and temperature information, and determines the breathing frequency;

[0043] S2, determine the inhalation volume and exhalation volume according to the breathing frequency and the flow velocity time series data of the breathing data;

[0044] S3, determine the breathing mode as deep breathing, shallow breathing or rapid breathing according to the breathing frequency and the inhalation volume;

[0045] S4, if deep breathing or shallow breathing lasts for a second time, exit;

[0046] If it is deep breathing and the absolute value of the difference between the inhalation volumes of the previous and subsequent breaths does not exceed the threshold value, no pressure adjustment is performed and return to step S2;

[0047] If it is deep breathing and the reduction amount of the inhalation volume of the subsequent breath compared with the previous breath exceeds the first threshold value but is less than the second threshold value, the porous structure module 42 switches to a larger ventilation hole 422, and return to step S2;

[0048] If it is deep breathing and the reduction amount of the inhalation volume of the subsequent breath compared with the previous breath exceeds the second threshold value, increase the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 of the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 by 10%, or increase the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 by 10% and at the same time the porous structure module 42 switches to a larger ventilation hole 422 to reduce the airway resistance, return to step S2, where the first threshold value is lower than the second threshold value;

[0049] If it is shallow breathing, increase the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 of the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 by 5%, or increase the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 by 5% and at the same time the porous structure module 42 switches to a larger ventilation hole 422 to reduce the airway resistance, return to step S2;

[0050] If the breathing rate is too fast, prompt the patient to reduce the breathing rate without adjusting the airway resistance value;

[0051] If the change in inspiratory volume during deep or shallow breathing within the first period is less than the threshold and the second period is longer than the first period, reduce the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 of the variable airway cross-sectional area module 41 by 5%, or while reducing the cross-sectional area of the middle channel 412 by 5%, switch the porous structure module 42 to a smaller ventilation hole 422 to increase the airway resistance, and return to step S2.

[0052] In another preferred embodiment, before manufacturing the respiratory function training device, it is also possible to obtain the patient's lung CT data, construct a 3D model of the patient's lungs, and determine the airway structure and function; obtain the patient's lung function test data, evaluate the patient's breathing ability (for example, determine the lung function grade by measuring forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity, etc.), determine the initial resistance value, and the initial states of the variable airway cross-sectional area module and the porous structure module; obtain the patient's 3D oral and facial scan data and customize the breathing port 2. The present invention constructs a personalized 3D model based on the patient's lung CT data, 3D oral and facial scan data, and lung function test data, and customizes a suitable respiratory function training device; uses 3D printing technology, selects materials according to the specific needs of the patient, and 3D prints the airway model 1 and the breathing port 2 to ensure the comfort and functionality of the training device.

[0053] In the present invention, the method for determining the initial states of the variable airway cross-sectional area module and the porous structure module according to the patient's breathing ability is as follows:

[0054] Divide the lung function into n levels, with level 1 having the best lung function and level n having the worst lung function.

[0055] The cross-sectional area of the middle channel of the initial state of the variable airway cross-sectional area module is:

[0056]

[0057] Where S i is the cross-sectional area of the middle channel adjusted by the variable airway cross-sectional area module when the lung function is at the i-th level, and S0 is the maximum cross-sectional area of the middle channel of the variable airway cross-sectional area module.

[0058] The number of open ventilation holes m in the initial state of the porous structure module is:

[0059]

[0060] Where m i is the number of open ventilation holes of the porous structure module when the lung function is at the i-th level, and m0 is the total number of ventilation holes of the porous structure module. is the ceiling symbol. It should be noted that m i is the number of initially opened ventilation holes. When adjusting the airway resistance, one ventilation hole can be adjusted each time.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A respiratory function training device, characterized in that, It includes an airway model, a breathing port connected to one end of the airway model, a sensor unit disposed within the airway model for monitoring respiratory data, and a resistance adjustment module for adjusting respiratory resistance. The breathing port is an oro-nasal mask or a mouthpiece. The sensor unit is used to monitor the air flow velocity within the airway model, the pressure within the airway model, and the temperature of the respiratory gas and transmit them to the controller. The controller controls the operation of the resistance adjustment module according to the respiratory data to adjust the respiratory resistance.

2. The respiratory function training device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sensor unit includes an air flow sensor, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor. The air flow sensor measures the air flow velocity within the airway model to judge the respiratory frequency and depth of the patient. The pressure sensor measures the pressure change within the airway model to judge the respiratory intensity. The temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the respiratory gas to judge whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling.

3. The respiratory function training device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air flow sensor and the temperature sensor are disposed close to the breathing port, and the pressure sensor is disposed close to the resistance adjustment module.

4. The respiratory function training device according to claim 1, wherein, The resistance adjustment module includes a variable airway cross-sectional area module and / or a porous structure module. The variable airway cross-sectional area module is installed in the upper-middle part of the airway model. The variable airway cross-sectional area module includes a blade structure formed by circumferentially intersecting multiple blades with an intermediate channel, and a blade driving mechanism for driving the multiple blades to move to change the cross-sectional area of the intermediate channel. Different resistances are formed by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the intermediate channel. The porous structure module is disposed at the rear end of the airway model away from the breathing port. The porous structure module includes an end cover with an upper end opening connected to the airway model. The side wall of the end cover is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes of different sizes arranged at circumferential intervals. The end cover is also provided with a ventilation hole adjustment mechanism for individually controlling the opening and closing of each ventilation hole. Different resistances are formed by controlling the opening of ventilation holes of different sizes.

5. The breathing function training device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ventilation hole adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of valves corresponding to the plurality of ventilation holes one by one, and the valves can control the opening and closing of the corresponding ventilation holes. Alternatively, the ventilation hole adjustment mechanism includes a baffle that is circumferentially slidably connected to the side wall of the end cover and can close all the ventilation holes, and a rotation driving mechanism for driving the baffle to rotate. The baffle is provided with ventilation holes. The rotation driving mechanism drives the baffle to rotate, and the ventilation holes can be aligned with one of the ventilation holes.

6. The respiratory function training device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that A display screen connected to the controller is further provided on the outer surface of the front of the airway model, and the display screen displays the respiratory data and training suggestions in real time. And / or the controller is further connected to a sound module to guide the patient to adjust breathing through voice or a prompt tone. And / or the controller is further connected to a vibration module to remind the patient to pay attention to the breathing rhythm through vibration feedback.

7. A breathing training method, characterized in that, It is implemented based on the respiratory function training device according to any one of claims 1-6, and includes the following steps: Manufacture the respiratory function training device. The patient wears the respiratory function training device, connects the patient's mouth and nose to the breathing port, and starts breathing training according to the prompt. The sensor unit measures the air flow velocity, the pressure within the airway model, and the temperature of the respiratory gas in real time and transmits the measurements to the controller. The controller determines whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling based on the air flow direction and temperature information, determines the patient's breathing pattern based on the air flow velocity information, and determines the breathing intensity based on the pressure change information. Based on the patient's breathing data, the controller controls the resistance adjustment module to automatically adjust the resistance value and provides real-time feedback through a display screen, a sound module, and a vibration module to guide the patient. Training effect evaluation: Calculate the changing trend of vital capacity through the inspiratory depth of multiple trainings, and measure the breathing stability through the standard deviation of the pressure fluctuations. Output results: Output the changing trend of vital capacity and the breathing stability condition, and generate a training effect report.

8. The breathing training method according to claim 7, wherein The method by which the controller automatically adjusts the resistance value by controlling the resistance adjustment module based on the patient's breathing data is as follows: S1. The controller determines whether the patient is inhaling or exhaling based on the air flow direction and temperature information and determines the breathing frequency. S2. Determine the inspiratory volume and expiratory volume based on the breathing frequency and the flow rate time series data of the breathing data. S3. Determine the specific breathing pattern as deep breathing, shallow breathing, or excessive breathing based on the breathing frequency and the inspiratory volume. S4. If it is deep breathing or shallow breathing for a second time period, exit. If it is deep breathing and the absolute value of the difference in inspiratory volume between two consecutive breaths does not exceed the threshold value, no pressure adjustment is performed, and return to step S2. If it is deep breathing and the reduction in the inspiratory volume of the subsequent breath compared to the previous breath exceeds the first threshold value but is less than the second threshold value, the porous structure module switches to a larger ventilation hole, and return to step S2. If it is deep breathing and the reduction in the inspiratory volume of the subsequent breath compared to the previous breath exceeds the second threshold value, increase the cross-sectional area of the middle channel of the variable airway cross-sectional area module by 10%, or while increasing the cross-sectional area of the middle channel by 10%, the porous structure module switches to a larger ventilation hole to reduce the airway resistance, and return to step S2. The first threshold value is lower than the second threshold value. If it is shallow breathing, increase the cross-sectional area of the middle channel of the variable airway cross-sectional area module by 5%, or while increasing the cross-sectional area of the middle channel by 5%, the porous structure module switches to a larger ventilation hole to reduce the airway resistance, and return to step S2. If the breathing is excessive, prompt the patient to reduce the breathing frequency, and do not adjust the airway resistance value. If the change in inspiratory volume is less than the threshold value within the first time period for deep breathing or shallow breathing, reduce the cross-sectional area of the middle channel of the variable airway cross-sectional area module by 5%, or while reducing the cross-sectional area of the middle channel by 5%, the porous structure module switches to a smaller ventilation hole to increase the airway resistance, and return to step S2. The second time period is longer than the first time period.

9. The breathing training method according to claim 7, wherein Before manufacturing the respiratory function training device: Obtain the patient's pulmonary function test data, evaluate the patient's breathing ability, determine the initial resistance value, and the initial states of the variable airway cross-sectional area module and the porous structure module. Obtain the patient's 3D oral and facial scan data and customize the breathing port.

10. The breathing training method according to claim 9, characterized in that The method for determining the initial states of the variable airway cross-sectional area module and the porous structure module according to the patient's breathing ability is as follows: The lung function is divided into n levels, with level 1 having the best lung function and level n having the worst lung function. The cross-sectional area of the middle channel of the variable airway cross-sectional area module is: Among them, S i is the cross-sectional area of the intermediate channel regulated by the variable airway cross-sectional area module when the pulmonary function is at the i-th level, and S0 is the maximum cross-sectional area of the intermediate channel of the variable airway cross-sectional area module; The number m of open ventilation holes of the porous structure module is: where m i is the number of open ventilation holes of the porous structure module when the lung function is at the i-th level, and m0 is the total number of ventilation holes of the porous structure module, is the ceiling symbol.

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