Friction welding method and connection structure

Abstract

The present application provides a friction welding method and connection structure, wherein a conical welding pad connects a distal component and a proximal component having a conical hole for accommodating the conical welding pad; the method comprises: clamping a clamping end; during initial forging, controlling a clamping device to drive the conical welding pad to rotate at an initial forging speed for an initial forging time, and a pressure pressing device to press the contact end toward the distal component with an initial forging pressure, so that the welding pad and the distal component rub; the initial forging speed is 5%-45% of its theoretical range, the initial forging pressure is 55%-95% of its theoretical range, and the initial forging time is 5%-45% of its theoretical range; during final forging, controlling the speed of the clamping device to zero, and the pressure pressing device to press the conical welding pad toward the distal component with a final forging pressure for a final forging time to squeeze out the molten material, wherein the final forging pressure is greater than the initial forging pressure. By adopting a low speed, short time and a certain high pressure method to reduce welding power, the welding equipment can meet the requirements of miniaturization and lightness, and can be used for on-site operation. By allowing the molten material to be squeezed out from the side of the conical welding pad, impurities are promoted to be discharged, and the welding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of friction welding, and in particular to a friction welding method and connection structure. Background Art

[0002] Friction welding is a solid-state welding method that uses frictional heat to join two workpieces. The heat generated by mechanical friction softens the surface of the materials, creating a metallurgical bond. This method is widely used in welding applications such as the automotive industry and aerospace.

[0003] In order to improve quality and work efficiency, traditional friction welding often adopts high speed, high torque and high power methods, which makes the entire welding device large and heavy. Welding can only be performed in fixed scenes and cannot be performed flexibly. When friction welding is required, the device cannot be transported to the required scene for on-site operation. At the same time, the existing welding device design fails to fully consider the effective discharge of molten impurities. If the molten impurities generated by the local melting of the welding material cannot be discharged in a timely and effective manner, it will affect the quality of the weld joint and cause welding defects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a friction welding method and connection structure to solve the problem that traditional friction welding devices are large and heavy and cannot be used for on-site and flexible operations.

[0005] The present application provides a friction welding method for connecting a distal component and a proximal component via a conical welding pad; the proximal component has a conical hole for accommodating the conical welding pad, the method comprising:

[0006] clamping the clamping end of the conical pad by a clamping device;

[0007] Initial forging stage: the clamping device is controlled to drive the conical welding disc to rotate at the initial forging speed for the initial forging time, and the pressure tightening device is controlled to tighten the conical welding disc toward the distal component with the initial forging pressure, so that the contact end of the conical welding disc passes through the conical hole of the proximal component, and the bottom surface of the friction welding disc rubs against the interface of the distal component; the initial forging speed is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical speed range of friction welding initial forging, the initial forging pressure is within the range of 55%-95% of the theoretical pressure range of friction welding initial forging, and the initial forging time is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical time range of friction welding initial forging;

[0008] Final forging stage: Control the speed of the clamping device to zero, control the pressure tightening device to press the conical welding pad against the distal component with the final forging pressure for the final forging time, and squeeze the molten material generated by friction from the conical side of the conical welding pad. The final forging pressure is greater than the initial forging pressure.

[0009] In one embodiment, when the final forging pressure is within the range of 55%-95% of the theoretical final forging pressure range of friction welding, the final forging time is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical final forging time range of friction welding.

[0010] In one embodiment, when the final forging pressure is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical final forging pressure range of friction welding, the final forging time is within the range of 55%-95% of the theoretical final forging time range of friction welding.

[0011] In one embodiment, at the beginning of the final forging stage, the conical pad is pressed against the distal component by applying instantaneous pressure, and the motor is stopped at the same time, so that the rotation speed of the clamping device is zero.

[0012] In one embodiment, the initial forging speed is less than 1000 rpm, the initial forging pressure is greater than 20 MPa, and the initial forging time is less than 15 seconds.

[0013] In one embodiment, a connection structure is used for connection using any of the above-mentioned friction welding methods, and includes: a distal component, a proximal component, and a conical welding pad; the proximal component has a conical hole for accommodating the conical welding pad;

[0014] The conical pad includes a clamping end and a contact end. A welding shoulder is provided at the connection between the clamping end and the contact end. The contact end is conical and is used to be embedded in the conical hole of the proximal component. The welding shoulder is used to press against the outer side of the conical hole of the proximal component. The bottom surface of the contact end has a first contact point. The bottom surface of the contact end is an inner concave surface or an inner embedded surface that gradually opens inward, and the side surface of the contact end is an outward expanding surface that gradually opens outward.

[0015] The tapered hole of the proximal component has a taper greater than the taper of the contact end of the tapered pad, so as to enable the melt generated by friction to be squeezed out from the tapered side surface of the tapered pad.

[0016] In one embodiment, a projected height from the lower edge of the weld shoulder to the first contact point is greater than a thickness of the proximal component.

[0017] In one embodiment, an intersection angle between the tapered side surface of the contact end and the central axis is greater than or equal to 1 degree.

[0018] In one embodiment, an angle between the bottom surface of the contact end and the contact plane of the distal component is greater than or equal to 1 degree.

[0019] In one embodiment, the open taper angle between the tapered side of the contact end and the tapered hole of the proximal component is greater than or equal to 1 degree, and the height of the contact end exceeds the outer surface of the proximal component by 2 mm or 10% of the thickness of the proximal component.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this application compared with the prior art are:

[0021] This application reduces welding power by coordinating initial forging and final forging, adopts a low-speed, short-time and certain high-pressure method, reduces the demand for high speed, high torque and high power, realizes the miniaturization and lightweight of the equipment, makes it easy to carry to different work sites, meets the needs of on-site welding, and improves the application flexibility of the equipment. The method of squeezing the molten material generated by friction from the conical side of the conical welding pad is conducive to the smooth discharge of molten impurities, thereby improving the welding quality and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the friction welding method provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the friction welding steps provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tapered pad structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a flow channel provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 This is provided in one embodiment of the present application Figure 4 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of the first contact point C;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external hexagonal clamping portion provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the octagonal clamping portion provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hexagonal clamping portion provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner octagonal clamping portion provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] The above drawings include the following markings:

[0033] 1-conical pad; 2-distal part; 3-proximal part; 4-conical hole; 5-clamping end; 6-contact end; 7-weld shoulder; 8-first contact point; 9-bottom surface of contact end; 10-side surface of contact end; 11-first flow channel; 12-second flow channel; 13-inner hexagon; 14-inner octagon; 15-outer hexagon; 16-outer octagon. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] Similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings. At the same time, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the principle of the friction welding method provided by an embodiment of the present application, such as Figure 1 As shown, the friction welding method is used to connect a distal component 2 and a proximal component 3 via a conical welding pad 1 ; the proximal component 3 has a conical hole 4 for accommodating the conical welding pad 1 . Figure 2 This is a diagram of the friction welding steps provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, the friction welding method includes:

[0037] Step S210: clamping the clamping end 5 of the conical pad 1 by a clamping device;

[0038] Step S220: initial forging stage.

[0039] The clamping device is controlled to drive the conical welding disc 1 to rotate at an initial forging speed for an initial forging time, wherein the initial forging speed is started from zero speed and slightly exceeds the lower limit speed of the theoretical initial forging speed range of friction welding, that is, the speed value is between the lower limit speed and the median speed and is closer to the lower limit speed, and the lower limit speed range exceeded is between 5% and 45% of the theoretical initial forging speed range; the initial forging time refers to the time close to the lower limit of the theoretical initial forging time range, and the initial forging time is 5% to 45% of the theoretical initial forging time range.

[0040] The pressure-tightening device is controlled to press the conical pad 1 toward the distal component 2 with an initial forging pressure, so that the contact end 6 of the conical pad 1 passes through the conical hole 4 of the proximal component 3, and the bottom surface of the friction pad 1 rubs against the interface of the distal component 2; wherein, the initial forging pressure refers to the pressure value applied from zero pressure to press the contact end 6 of the friction pad 1 against the interface of the distal component 2; the initial forging pressure is close to but slightly lower than the upper limit pressure of the theoretical initial forging pressure range of friction welding, and the initial forging pressure is between 55% and 95% of the theoretical initial forging pressure range.

[0041] Step S230: final forging stage.

[0042] The rotation speed of the clamping device is controlled to be zero; the pressure pressing device is controlled to press the conical welding pad 1 against the distal component 2 with the final forging pressure for the final forging time, so as to squeeze the molten material generated by friction out of the conical side of the conical welding pad 1; wherein the final forging pressure is greater than the initial forging pressure.

[0043] Among them, the final forging time refers to the time it takes to maintain the tight state with the final forging pressure after the emergency stop, that is, the pressure holding time.

[0044] The present application reduces the welding power by coordinating the initial forging and the final forging, adopting the method of low speed, short time and certain high pressure, so that the welding equipment meets the requirements of miniaturization and lightness, and can be used for on-site operations. The lightweight welding equipment means that the equipment will not have a relatively large gravity sinking compared to traditional welding equipment, reducing the probability of the equipment blocking the impurity outlet. At the same time, the bottom surface of the friction pad and the interface of the remote component are fully rubbed, which can crush and squeeze out the bad medium, solving the problem of impurities unable to overflow.

[0045] In one embodiment, when the final forging pressure is within the range of 55%-95% of the theoretical final forging pressure range of friction welding, the final forging time is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical final forging time range of friction welding.

[0046] Specifically, during the initial forging phase, the clamping device clamps the conical pad 1 with its clamping end 5, controlling the pressure from zero and accelerating the speed from zero, driving the contact end 6 to rotate and tighten in the direction of the distal component 2. Friction occurs between the bottom surface of the conical pad 1 and the interface of the distal component 2. During the initial forging phase, the overall speed is low and the duration is short, with the pressure increasing from zero. During the final forging phase, the clamping device clamps the conical pad 1 with its clamping end 5, controlling the speed to zero and applying instantaneous pressure. The pressure tightening device presses the conical pad 1 against the distal component 2 with the final forging pressure for a long period of time. When a relatively high pressure is used in the final forging phase, the final forging time can be relatively short, and the speed during the final forging phase is zero. This process requires low external power and is highly efficient.

[0047] In one embodiment, when the final forging pressure is within a range of 5%-45% of the theoretical final forging pressure range of friction welding, the final forging time is within a range of 55%-95% of the theoretical final forging time range of friction welding.

[0048] Specifically, during the initial forging phase, the clamping device clamps the conical pad 1 at its clamping end 5, controlling the pressure to decrease from zero and accelerating from zero, driving the contact end 6 to rotate and tighten toward the distal component 2. Friction occurs at the interface between the bottom surface of the conical pad 1 and the distal component 2. During the initial forging phase, the overall speed is low and the duration is short, with the initial forging pressure increasing from zero. During the final forging phase, the clamping device clamps the conical pad 1 at its clamping end 5, controlling the speed to zero and applying instantaneous pressure. The pressure tightening device presses the conical pad 1 against the distal component 2 at the final forging pressure for a longer final forging period. When the final forging pressure is relatively low, the final forging time is relatively long, and the final forging speed is zero. This process requires low external power, maintaining the same efficiency.

[0049] It should be noted that at the end of the initial forging phase and the beginning of the final forging phase, instantaneous pressure is applied to tighten the conical pad 1 against the distal component 2, while the motor is simultaneously stopped, reducing the speed of the clamping device to zero. This reduction in speed removes the rotational torque during the final forging pressure hold. The final forging phase primarily tightens the conical pad 1 and squeezes out the melt. During this phase, higher pressure than in the initial forging phase is applied to stop the motor and prevent damage from continued rotation during the instantaneous pressure application.

[0050] Taking ordinary steel as an example, the pressure ranges are: 20 MPa and above for high pressure, 10-20 MPa for medium pressure, and below 10 MPa for low pressure. Speeds below 1000 rpm for low speed, 1000-2500 rpm for medium speed, and above 2500 rpm for high speed. Time: 15 seconds or less for fast welding, 15-30 seconds for medium speed, and above 30 seconds for slow welding. Therefore, in one embodiment, the initial forging speed can be less than 1000 rpm, the initial forging pressure can be greater than 20 MPa, and the initial forging time can be less than 15 seconds.

[0051] Table 1

[0052]

[0053] Table 1 shows the various numerical ranges of friction welding under different working conditions during initial forging and final forging. The initial forging and final forging working conditions can be preferably combined as needed, that is, the values in each row of initial forging in the table do not necessarily correspond to the values in each row of final forging; among them, the values under different working conditions during initial forging and final forging are related to the materials of the friction welding disc, proximal component and distal component. For example, there is a positive relationship between the pressure in the theoretical pressure range of initial forging and the yield strength of steel, and the theoretical time range of initial forging; and it can be seen from the table that low pressure and high speed during initial forging in working conditions 1 and 2 and high pressure and low speed during initial forging in working conditions 3 and 4 both reflect the economy of this scheme. In working conditions 2 and 3, if the pressure is 120-140 MPa during initial forging, the corresponding speed is 2600-3000 r / min. At this time, when high pressure is matched with high speed, energy is used to reflect output. The lower the initial forging pressure and speed, the longer it takes; the final forging theoretical pressure is always more than 20% higher than the initial forging pressure. Before the emergency stop, the friction welding final forging theoretical speed range is the same as the initial forging theoretical speed range. After the friction welding emergency stop, the pressure is maintained. Among them, the pressure holding time is positively correlated with the sum of the initial forging pressure and speed, which helps to promote the formation of microcrystals and stabilize the welding quality. The emergency stop time can be as short as 0.07 seconds.

[0054] This solution adopts low speed and short time, and a certain high pressure to fully grind the interface between the bottom surface of the conical welding pad 1 and the distal component 2, crushing and squeezing out the undesirable medium. The overall external unit has low power and high efficiency, and is lightweight and miniaturized, suitable for on-site dexterous operations. In particular, the high pressure and short time used in the initial forging stage is matched with the high pressure and short time or low pressure and long time used in the final forging stage. While the work efficiency is greater than or equal to the industry standard, the quality is guaranteed under low energy input.

[0055] The present application also provides a connection structure for connecting by using the above-mentioned friction welding method. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a tapered pad structure provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a flow channel provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 This is provided in one embodiment of the present application Figure 4 The first partial enlarged schematic diagram of contact point C is as follows: Figure 3-5 As shown, the connection structure includes: a distal component 2, a proximal component 3 and a conical pad 1; the proximal component 3 has a conical hole 4 for accommodating the conical pad 1; the conical pad 1 includes a clamping end 5 and a contact end 6, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer hexagonal clamping portion provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the octagonal clamping portion provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hexagonal clamping portion provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the inner octagonal clamping portion structure provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 6-9As shown, the clamping end 5 can be circular, with an inner hexagon 13, an inner octagon 14, an outer hexagon 15 or an outer octagon 16, etc. A welding shoulder 7 is provided at the connection between the clamping end 5 and the contact end 6. The contact end 6 is conical and is used to be embedded in the tapered hole 4 of the proximal part 3. The welding shoulder 7 is used to press against the outer side of the tapered hole 4 of the proximal part 3. The bottom surface 9 of the contact end has a first contact point 8. The bottom surface 9 of the contact end is an inner concave surface or an inner embedded surface or a horizontal surface that gradually opens inward, or an outer expansion surface that gradually opens outward. The side surface 10 of the contact end is an outer expansion surface that gradually opens outward. The channel formed by the side surface 10 of the contact end and the distal part 2 and the proximal part 3 is a first flow channel 11. Among them, the part where the height of the welding pad exceeds the outer surface of the proximal part 3 is provided with a detection force tensile or torsional shear structure, for example Figure 4 The thread structure shown in the figure; the shear strength of the tapered pad material is greater than or equal to the distal component 2; the pad and the distal component 2 and the proximal component 3 are made of the same or different metals.

[0056] The bottom surface 9 of the contact end is an outwardly expanding surface, which means that the center of the bottom surface of the conical pad 1 bulges outward to form a cone, and the first contact point 8 is the top of the cone.

[0057] Among them, the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is an inwardly gradually opening concave surface, which means that the surface is gradually concave from the first contact point 8 on the bottom surface of the contact end 6 along the center direction of the bottom surface of the contact end 6; the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is an embedded surface, which means that the first contact point 8 is gradually concave along the center direction of the bottom surface of the contact end 6, and a through hole is formed in the center; the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is a horizontal surface, which means that a horizontal surface is gradually formed on the same horizontal plane from the first contact point 8 on the bottom surface of the contact end 6 along the center direction of the bottom surface of the contact end 6.

[0058] Specifically, when the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is an inwardly opening embedded surface, and there is a second flow channel 12 formed by a connected through hole in the middle of the clamping end 5 and the contact end 6, when the clamping device clamps the clamping end 5 to drive the contact end 6 to be pressed in the direction of the distal component 2, the contact end 6 contacts the distal component 2. As the welding pressure and time change, part of the molten material generated by friction flows from the inwardly opening embedded surface of the bottom surface of the contact end 6 to the second flow channel 12, and is cooled and fixed at the junction of the through hole in the middle of the contact end 6 and the distal component 2; the other part is squeezed outward from the side surface 10 of the contact end (that is, squeezed out from the first flow channel 11), and is cooled and fixed at the junction of the weld shoulder 7 and the proximal component 3.

[0059] When the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is an inwardly opening concave surface and the center of the clamping end 5 and the contact end 6 is closed, the melt generated by friction converges from the inwardly opening concave surface of the bottom surface of the contact end 6. As the contact area between the contact end 6 and the distal component 2 increases, the melt in the inwardly opening concave surface of the bottom surface of the contact end 6 is squeezed outward from the side surface 10 of the contact end (i.e., squeezed out from the first flow channel 11), and is cooled and fixed at the junction of the weld shoulder 7 and the proximal component 3. The through-hole diameter is greater than or equal to 2 mm.

[0060] Specifically, when the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is an outwardly expanding surface and the middle of the clamping end 5 and the contact end 6 is closed, the molten material generated by friction is squeezed outward from the first contact point 8 of the outwardly expanding surface along the side surface 10 of the contact end (i.e., squeezed out from the first flow channel 11), and is cooled and fixed at the junction of the weld shoulder 7 and the proximal component 3.

[0061] Specifically, when the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is horizontal and a second flow channel 12 formed by a connecting through-hole is formed between the clamping end 5 and the contact end 6, a portion of the molten material generated by friction flows into the second flow channel 12 and cools and solidifies at the junction of the through-hole in the middle of the contact end 6 and the distal component 2; another portion is squeezed outward from the horizontal first contact point 8 along the side surface 10 of the contact end (i.e., squeezed out from the first flow channel 11) and cools and solidifies at the junction of the weld shoulder 7 and the proximal component 3. When the bottom surface 9 of the contact end is horizontal and the center of the clamping end 5 and the contact end 6 is closed, the molten material generated by friction is squeezed outward from the embedded first contact point 8 along the side surface 10 of the contact end (i.e., squeezed out from the first flow channel 11) and cools and solidifies at the junction of the weld shoulder 7 and the proximal component 3.

[0062] The present application provides two flow channels to allow the friction welding melt of the multi-sided welding pad to be extruded smoothly, thereby reducing the residue and stagnation of adverse media such as rust, gas, ash, slag, etc., and controlling the source of welding fatigue.

[0063] In one embodiment, the tapered hole 4 of the proximal component 3 has a greater taper than the contact end 6 of the tapered pad 1 , so that the melt generated by friction is squeezed out from the tapered side of the tapered pad 1 (ie, from the first flow channel 11 ).

[0064] In one embodiment, if Figure 1-5 As shown, the projected height from the lower edge of the welding shoulder 7 to the first contact 8 is greater than the thickness of the proximal component 3, so as to provide sufficient tightening space between the conical welding pad 1 and the distal component 2, while allowing the melt generated by friction to be squeezed out from the conical side surface of the conical welding pad 1 (i.e., squeezed out from the first flow channel 11); Figure 3 The dotted line in the figure is the central axis of the conical pad 1, and the intersection angle A between the conical side surface of the contact end 6 and the central axis is greater than or equal to 1 degree; the angle B between the bottom surface 9 of the contact end and the contact plane of the distal component 2 is greater than or equal to 1 degree.

[0065] In one embodiment, an open taper angle D between the tapered side surface of the contact end 6 and the tapered hole 4 of the proximal component 3 is greater than or equal to 1 degree, and the height of the contact end 6 exceeds the outer surface of the proximal component 3 by 2 mm or 10% of the thickness of the proximal component 3, so that the melt generated by friction is squeezed out from the tapered side surface of the tapered pad 1 (i.e., squeezed out from the first flow channel 11).

[0066] The present application provides a friction welding method and connection structure, which achieves the requirements of low-power, miniaturized and lightweight equipment by welding friction welding with the distal component 2 and the proximal component 3, ensuring sufficient grinding and extrusion of adverse media on the welding interface. At the same time, under the premise of ensuring quality and work efficiency, it solves the problem that traditional equipment is all large horizontal equipment, which is large in size and heavy in weight and difficult to transport to the construction site for welding projects that need to be welded on site (such as bridges, buildings, etc.). In addition, friction welding can withstand repeated load cycles in long-term use and has excellent fatigue resistance, which solves the problem that bolt connections are prone to loosening or breaking in long-term use.

[0067] In several embodiments provided in this application, the disclosed devices and methods may also be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the devices, methods, and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code, and the module, program segment, or a portion of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. In some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the boxes may also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes may actually be executed substantially in parallel, or they may sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or actions, or may be implemented using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0068] If the function is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, and other media that can store program code.

Claims

1. A friction welding method for connecting a distal component and a proximal component via a tapered welding pad; the proximal component has a tapered hole for accommodating the tapered welding pad, characterized in that: The method comprises: clamping the clamping end of the conical pad by a clamping device; Initial forging stage: controlling the clamping device to drive the conical welding disc to rotate at an initial forging speed for an initial forging time, controlling the pressure pressing device to press the conical welding disc toward the distal component with an initial forging pressure, so that the contact end of the conical welding disc passes through the conical hole of the proximal component, and the bottom surface of the friction welding disc and the interface of the distal component rub against each other; the initial forging speed is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical speed range of the initial forging of friction welding, the initial forging pressure is within the range of 55%-95% of the theoretical pressure range of the initial forging of friction welding, and the initial forging time is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical time range of the initial forging of friction welding; Final forging stage: the rotation speed of the clamping device is controlled to be zero, and the pressure pressing device is controlled to press the conical welding pad against the distal component with the final forging pressure for the final forging time, so that the melt generated by friction is squeezed out from the conical side of the conical welding pad, and the final forging pressure is greater than the initial forging pressure.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the final forging pressure is within the range of 55%-95% of the theoretical final forging pressure range of friction welding, the final forging time is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical final forging time range of friction welding.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the final forging pressure is within the range of 5%-45% of the theoretical final forging pressure range of friction welding, the final forging time is within the range of 55%-95% of the theoretical final forging time range of friction welding.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein At the beginning of the final forging stage, the conical welding disc is pressed against the distal component by instantaneous pressure application, and the motor is stopped at the same time so that the rotation speed of the clamping device is zero.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The initial forging speed is less than 1000 rpm, the initial forging pressure is greater than 20 MPa, and the initial forging time is less than 15 seconds.

6. A connection structure, characterized in that: Used for connection by the friction welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the connection structure comprises: a distal component, a proximal component and a conical welding pad; the proximal component has a conical hole for accommodating the conical welding pad; The conical solder pad includes a clamping end and a contact end, a solder shoulder is provided at the connection between the clamping end and the contact end, the contact end is conical and is used to be embedded in the conical hole of the proximal component, and the solder shoulder is used to be pressed against the outer side of the conical hole of the proximal component; the bottom surface of the contact end has a first contact point, the bottom surface of the contact end is an inner concave surface or an inner embedded surface that gradually opens inward, and the side surface of the contact end is an outward expanding surface that gradually opens outward; The tapered hole of the proximal component has a taper greater than the taper of the contact end of the tapered pad, so as to allow the melt generated by friction to be squeezed out from the tapered side surface of the tapered pad.

7. The connection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A projected height from the lower edge of the welding shoulder to the first contact point is greater than a thickness of the proximal component.

8. The connection structure according to claim 6, wherein: An intersection angle between the tapered side surface of the contact end and the central axis is greater than or equal to 1 degree.

9. The connection structure according to claim 6, wherein: The angle between the bottom surface of the contact end and the contact plane of the distal component is greater than or equal to 1 degree.

10. The connection structure according to claim 6, wherein: The open taper angle between the tapered side surface of the contact end and the tapered hole of the proximal component is greater than or equal to 1 degree, and the height of the contact end exceeds the outer surface of the proximal component by 2 mm or 10% of the thickness of the proximal component.

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