Dimming assembly, display module and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of display, particularly provides a dimming assembly, a display module and a display device, and aims to solve the technical problem that a traditional dimming assembly has moire interference. In order to achieve the purpose, the dimming assembly comprises a first dimming panel, the first dimming panel comprises a first substrate arranged on the light incident side of the first dimming panel, and a second substrate arranged on the light incident side of the first dimming panel, the second substrate is arranged on the light emitting side of the first dimming panel, and the second light is emitted from the second substrate; a first liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; the first electrode is arranged on the first substrate or the second substrate; the second electrode is arranged on the first substrate and comprises a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals in the first direction, a first included angle is formed between the extending direction of the second sub-electrodes and the first direction, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the second sub-electrodes; the directions of the first light and the second light are different, so that the interference of moire is effectively eliminated or obviously weakened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and specifically provides a dimming component, a display module, and a display device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of display technologies, dimming components have been widely used in fields such as smart terminals, in-vehicle displays, and e-papers to achieve functions such as screen brightness adjustment and anti-peeking display.

[0003] However, there is a significant technical defect in the application of traditional dimming components: when the dimming component is used in a stacked manner with a display panel, due to optical interference between the periodic arrangement structure of the electrodes in the dimming component and the periodic arrangement of the pixel array of the display panel, moiré patterns are extremely likely to occur. Such interference fringes will seriously reduce the clarity and uniformity of the displayed image, affecting the user experience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above defects, this application is proposed to provide a solution to solve or at least partially solve the technical problem of moiré interference existing in traditional dimming components. This application provides a dimming component, a display module, and a display device.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a dimming component, which includes a first dimming panel, and the first dimming panel includes:

[0006] A first substrate, disposed on the light-incident side of the first dimming panel, and first light is incident on the first substrate;

[0007] A second substrate, disposed on the light-emitting side of the first dimming panel, and second light exits from the second substrate;

[0008] A first liquid crystal layer, disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;

[0009] A first electrode, disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate;

[0010] A second electrode, disposed on the first substrate, where the second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the extending direction of the second sub-electrode forms a first included angle θ with the first direction, where the first included angle θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the second sub-electrodes;

[0011] Wherein, the directions of the first light and the second light are different.

[0012] In an embodiment of the dimming component, the first included angle θ satisfies 45° ≤ θ < 90°.

[0013] In an embodiment of the dimming component, the first included angle θ satisfies 70° ≤ θ < 90°.

[0014] In an embodiment of the dimming component, the second sub - electrode has a zigzag structure and includes a plurality of zigzag segment groups connected in sequence, where each zigzag segment group includes a first zigzag segment and a second zigzag segment. The first zigzag segment and the second zigzag segment are axisymmetric about the first direction, and both form a second included angle with the first direction, and the second included angle is equal to the first included angle; and / or, the plurality of zigzag segment groups include a first zigzag segment group and a second zigzag segment group. The first zigzag segment in the first zigzag segment group is parallel to the first zigzag segment in the second zigzag segment group, and the second zigzag segment in the first zigzag segment group is parallel to the second zigzag segment in the second zigzag segment group.

[0015] In an embodiment of the dimming component, the first electrode is disposed on the first substrate. The first electrode has a linear structure or a zigzag structure, is disposed on the same layer as the second electrode and is arranged alternately; or, the first electrode is disposed on the second substrate, and the first electrode has a planar structure.

[0016] In an embodiment of the dimming component, the dimming component further includes a second dimming panel, and the second dimming panel includes: a third substrate and a fourth substrate disposed opposite to each other and a second liquid crystal layer located between the third substrate and the fourth substrate.

[0017] A third electrode is disposed on one side of the third substrate close to the second liquid crystal layer. The third electrode includes a plurality of third sub - electrodes arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the extending direction of the third sub - electrode forms a third included angle with the first direction.

[0018] In a second aspect, a display module is provided, and the display module includes:

[0019] A display panel;

[0020] At least one of the foregoing first dimming panels or the foregoing dimming component.

[0021] In an embodiment of the display module, the display module further includes a privacy filter. The privacy filter includes a plurality of light - shielding regions and light - transmitting regions arranged alternately along the first direction, where the extending direction of the second electrode and the extending direction of the light - shielding region form a fourth included angle α in the orthographic projection on the first substrate.

[0022] In an embodiment of the display module, the fourth included angle α satisfies: 0 < α ≤ 45°.

[0023] In an embodiment of the display module, the fourth included angle α satisfies: 11° ≤ α ≤ 45°.

[0024] In an embodiment of the display module, the display module further includes:

[0025] A first polarizer and a second polarizer, which are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel facing the privacy film and the surface away from the privacy film, and the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are orthogonal.

[0026] A third polarizer, which is disposed on the side of the first dimming panel away from the display panel, wherein the transmission axis of the third polarizer is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer or the transmission axis of the second polarizer.

[0027] In an embodiment of the display module, the display module further includes:

[0028] A first polarizer and a second polarizer, which are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel facing the privacy film and the surface away from the privacy film, and the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are orthogonal.

[0029] A third polarizer, which is disposed on the side of the first dimming component away from the display panel, wherein the transmission axis of the third polarizer is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer or the transmission axis of the second polarizer;

[0030] A fourth polarizer, which is disposed between the first dimming panel and the second dimming panel, wherein the direction of the transmission axis of the fourth polarizer is the same as the direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer.

[0031] In a third aspect, a display device is provided, and the display device includes the foregoing display module.

[0032] One or more of the above technical solutions of the present application have at least one or more of the following Beneficial effects:

[0033] The dimming component in the present application includes a first dimming panel. The first dimming panel includes: a first substrate, which is disposed on the light incident side of the first dimming panel, and the first light is incident on the first substrate; a second substrate, which is disposed on the light emitting side of the first dimming panel, and the second light is emitted from the second substrate; a first liquid crystal layer, which is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first electrode, which is disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate; a second electrode, which is disposed on the first substrate, wherein the second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the extending direction of the second sub-electrode forms a first included angle θ with the first direction, wherein the first included angle θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the second sub-electrodes; wherein, the directions of the first light and the second light are different. By arranging the plurality of sub-electrodes of the second electrode at intervals along the first direction and making its extending direction form a preset inclination angle with the first direction, the inclined electrode arrangement can eliminate or significantly weaken the interference of moiré patterns. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0034] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the disclosure of the present application will become more readily understandable. It is easily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, similar numbers in the drawings are used to represent similar components, where:

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first dimming panel in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a linear electrode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a folded electrode in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first dimming panel in the light expansion state in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first dimming panel in the light collection state in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dimming component in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module in the anti-peeping state in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module in the sharing state in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module in the anti-peeping state in another embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module in the sharing state in another embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display module including a dual dimming panel in an embodiment of the present application. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0046] Next, some embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0047] At present, there is a significant technical defect in the application of traditional dimming components: when the dimming component is used in a stacked manner with a display panel, due to optical interference between the periodic arrangement structure of the electrodes in the dimming component and the periodic arrangement of the pixel array of the display panel, moiré patterns are very likely to occur. Such interference fringes will seriously reduce the clarity and uniformity of the display screen, affecting the user experience. Therefore, this application proposes a dimming component, a display module, and a display device.

[0048] The dimming component 1 in the embodiment of this application includes a first dimming panel 10. Refer to the attached Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first dimming panel 10 in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] As Figure 1 shown, the first dimming panel 10 includes:

[0050] A first substrate 101, disposed on the light incident side of the first dimming panel 10, and the first light is incident on the first substrate 101;

[0051] A second substrate 102, disposed on the light exit side of the first dimming panel 10, and the second light exits from the second substrate 102;

[0052] A first liquid crystal layer 103, disposed between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102;

[0053] A first electrode 104, disposed on the first substrate 101 or the second substrate 102;

[0054] A second electrode 105, disposed on the first substrate 101, wherein the second electrode 105 includes a plurality of second sub - electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, the extension direction of the second sub - electrodes forms a first angle θ with the first direction, the first angle θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the second sub - electrodes; wherein the directions of the first light and the second light are different.

[0055] The first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102 may be transparent substrates, such as glass.

[0056] The electrode materials of the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 may be indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) or other transparent conductive materials, and no specific limitation is made thereto.

[0057] Specifically, a voltage may be applied between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 or other methods may be used to make the directions of the first light and the second light different.

[0058] Taking the example of applying a voltage between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the voltage applied between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 can be a voltage of 2 - 20V. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 103 are directionally deflected from the initial state under the action of the electric field, and the deflection angle is related to the electric field strength. By adjusting the applied voltage, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules can be precisely controlled, so that the first light incident on the first dimming panel is changed in the outgoing direction, thereby realizing that the direction of the first light incident on the first substrate 101 is different from the direction of the second light emitted from the second substrate 102. By arranging a plurality of sub - electrodes of the second electrode 105 at intervals along the first direction (similar to a comb - like structure, arranged along the comb - handle direction) and making its extending direction form a preset inclination angle with the first direction, the inclined electrode arrangement can eliminate or significantly weaken the interference of moiré fringes.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the dimming component, the first included angle θ satisfies 45° ≤ θ < 90°.

[0060] Specifically, when the first included angle θ satisfies 45° ≤ θ < 90°, a plurality of second sub - electrodes in the second electrode are arranged at intervals at a certain angle, so that when the light passes through the first liquid crystal layer, it can be deflected at a specific angle. By precisely adjusting the first included angle, the inclination degree of the second electrode can be effectively controlled, thereby effectively suppressing the interference of moiré fringes.

[0061] In a specific embodiment of the dimming component, the first included angle θ satisfies 70° ≤ θ < 90°.

[0062] Specifically, a larger first included angle can increase the directivity of light, can more effectively control the direction of light, and helps to improve the overall light efficiency of the dimming component. By more precisely controlling the direction of light, the inclination degree of the second electrode can be further controlled, thereby effectively suppressing the interference of moiré fringes.

[0063] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the second sub - electrode is a linear structure, and the included angle between the linear structure and the first direction (i.e., the x - direction in the figure) is θ, satisfying 70° ≤ θ < 90°.

[0064] Specifically, the linear second sub - electrodes can form an electric field distribution with higher direction consistency. When a voltage is applied, a uniformly inclined electric field component is formed in the liquid crystal layer, which is beneficial to the orderly deflection of liquid crystal molecules and ensures the dimming efficiency and optical uniformity. By setting θ to satisfy 70° ≤ θ < 90°, the extending direction of the second sub - electrode forms an inclined non - orthogonal relationship with the arrangement direction, breaking the strict periodic arrangement of the second sub - electrode itself, and can effectively avoid the interference of moiré fringes.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the dimming component, the second sub-electrode has a zigzag structure, including a plurality of connected zigzag segment groups in sequence, where each zigzag segment group includes a first zigzag segment 1051 and a second zigzag segment 1052. The first zigzag segment 1051 and the second zigzag segment 1052 are axisymmetric about the first direction and both form a second angle with the first direction, and the second angle is equal to the first angle; and / or, the plurality of zigzag segment groups include a first zigzag segment group and a second zigzag segment group. The first zigzag segment in the first zigzag segment group is parallel to the first zigzag segment in the second zigzag segment group, and the second zigzag segment in the first zigzag segment group is parallel to the second zigzag segment in the second zigzag segment group.

[0066] Specifically, each zigzag segment group is composed of two axisymmetric zigzag segments, and their overall arrangement forms a sawtooth shape macroscopically. All the first zigzag segments are parallel to each other, and all the second zigzag segments are also parallel to each other, ensuring that the electric field directions corresponding to the same type of zigzag segments are completely consistent, ensuring that the risk of electric field distortion caused by the complexity of the zigzag electrode can be offset, and maintaining the light transmission uniformity of the dimming panel.

[0067] Exemplarily, Figure 3 can be an example of the second electrode 105. Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the second sub-electrode has a zigzag structure, including a plurality of connected zigzag segment groups in sequence. Each zigzag segment group includes a first zigzag segment 1051 and a second zigzag segment 1052. The first zigzag segment 1051 and the second zigzag segment 1052 are axisymmetric about the first direction, and the angle between the zigzag segment group and the first direction satisfies 45° ≤ θ < 90°. Further maintaining this angle at 70° ≤ θ < 90° can significantly improve the moiré suppression ability.

[0068] In a specific embodiment of the dimming component, as Figure 1 shown, the first electrode 104 is disposed on the first substrate 101. The first electrode 104 has a linear structure or a zigzag structure, and is disposed on the same layer as the second electrode 105 and arranged alternately; or, the first electrode 104 is disposed on the second substrate 102, and the first electrode 104 has a planar structure.

[0069] Specifically, when the first electrode 104 is disposed on the first substrate 101, a horizontal electric field is generated when a voltage is applied between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer are directionally deflected under the action of the electric field. By adjusting the applied voltage, the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules can be precisely controlled, so that the light incident on the dimming panel is changed in the outgoing direction.

[0070] When the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 are disposed on the same layer, the first electrode 104 can be a comb-like structure similar to the second electrode 105, including a plurality of first sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along the first direction.

[0071] Specifically, the first electrode 104 can be a linear structure as shown in Figure 2 . The first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 are arranged on the same layer, and the first sub - electrodes ( Figure 2 the gray lines shown in Figure 2 ) and the second sub - electrodes (

[0072] Specifically, the first electrode 104 can also be a folded - line structure as shown in Figure 3 . The first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 are arranged on the same layer. All the third folded - line segments in the first sub - electrodes are parallel to each other, and all the fourth folded - line segments are parallel to each other. Also, the first folded - line segment and the third folded - line segment are parallel to each other, and the second folded - line segment and the fourth folded - line segment are parallel to each other, which can effectively increase the complexity and uniformity of the electric - field distribution. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, a horizontal electric field parallel to the surface of the substrate is formed between the adjacent first sub - electrodes ( Figure 3 the gray folded - lines in Figure 3 ) and the second sub - electrodes (

[0073] In addition, the first electrode 104 can also be a planar structure, which is arranged on a different layer from the second electrode 105 and is isolated by an insulating layer 106. The material of the insulating layer 106 can be selected from inorganic materials such as silicon nitride SiNx or silicon dioxide SiO2, or other types of organic insulating materials, and no specific limitation is made in this regard.

[0074] It should be understood that the types of the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 are not specifically limited to be the same (for example, it is not limited that both the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 are linear or both are folded - line structures), as long as it is ensured that there is no actual short - circuit between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 during the electrode manufacturing process.

[0075] In a specific embodiment of the first dimming panel 10, specifically as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 , it further includes a third electrode 109 disposed on the second substrate 102, specifically, the third electrode 109 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 102 facing the first substrate 101. As shown in Figure 4As shown, assuming that the initial state of the liquid crystal molecules is vertical (at this time, light directly passes through the first dimming panel), when a voltage is applied only between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, a horizontal electric field is formed, and the liquid crystal molecules tilt to both sides, and the light can be diverged. As Figure 5 shown, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode 104 and the third electrode 109 or between the second electrode 105 and the third electrode 109, a vertical electric field is formed, and the tilting directions of the liquid crystal molecules are the same, and the light can be converged.

[0076] Regarding the setting of the initial state of the liquid crystal molecules, it can be achieved through the alignment layer. For this purpose, in a specific embodiment of the first dimming panel 10, as Figure 1 shown, it further includes a first alignment layer 107 and a second alignment layer 108 respectively provided on the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102, wherein the first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 are arranged opposite to each other and are used to control the initial angle of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 103.

[0077] Specifically, the first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 are respectively arranged on the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102, and the two are arranged opposite to each other and jointly act on the liquid crystal layer 103 to ensure that the liquid crystal molecules can be arranged at a preset angle in the initial state. The space between the two alignment layers can be filled with a positive liquid crystal material. In this case, at a temperature of 25 °C and a wavelength of 589 nm, the refractive index difference (Δn) of the liquid crystal is greater than 0.25, and the product of Δn and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is kept between 300 and 3000 nanometers. According to the design requirements, the alignment layer can make the liquid crystal molecules vertically arranged at an angle of about 80 to 90 degrees relative to the substrate, or form a pretilt angle of about 5°±5°. In addition, the liquid crystal layer located between the electrodes can also be selected as a negative liquid crystal material, which will also form a certain angle with the substrate in the initial state. For example, the liquid crystal molecules can be vertically arranged at an angle of about 80 to 90 degrees relative to the substrate. In this way, the initial arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted according to the actual application requirements to optimize the display effect.

[0078] In addition, a protective film can be added to the second substrate 102 of the first dimming panel 10 to achieve functions such as anti-glare, anti-fingerprint, anti-reflection, and antibacterial.

[0079] In a specific embodiment of the dimming component, as Figure 6 or Figure 11As shown, the dimming component 1 further includes a second dimming panel 50, and the second dimming panel 50 includes: a third substrate 501 and a fourth substrate 502 which are oppositely arranged, and a second liquid crystal layer 503 located between the third substrate 501 and the fourth substrate 502; a third electrode 504, which is arranged on one side of the third substrate 501 close to the second liquid crystal layer 503, wherein the third electrode 504 includes a plurality of third sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the extending direction of the third sub-electrode forms a third angle with the first direction, and the third angle is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the second sub-electrodes.

[0080] The third substrate 501 and the fourth substrate 502 may be transparent substrates, such as glass.

[0081] The electrode material of the third electrode 504 may be indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) or other transparent conductive materials, and no specific limitation is made thereto.

[0082] Figure 6 It can be used as an example of the dimming component 1. Specifically, assuming that the initial state of the liquid crystal molecules is vertical, when a voltage is applied only between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, a horizontal electric field is formed, and the liquid crystal molecules tilt to both sides, and the light can be diverged. When a voltage is applied between the first electrode 104 and the third electrode 504 or between the second electrode 105 and the third electrode 504, a vertical electric field is formed, and the tilting directions of the liquid crystal molecules are the same, and the light can be converged.

[0083] Furthermore, the present application further provides a display module, and the display module includes:

[0084] A display panel 20;

[0085] At least one of the foregoing first dimming panels 10, or the foregoing dimming component 1.

[0086] Exemplarily, Figures 7 to 10 It can be used as an example of the display module.

[0087] Such as Figure 7 As shown, when no voltage is applied between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the initial angle of the liquid crystal is set to be vertical through the alignment layer orientation, and the light is directly irradiated through, so as to achieve a better anti-peeping effect (anti-peeping mode). As Figure 8As shown, by applying a voltage to the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 of the first dimming panel 10, a horizontal electric field is generated using the electrode structure, and the arrangement direction of liquid crystal molecules is controlled by the horizontal electric field, so that the directly incident light is scattered, achieving a better sharing effect (sharing mode). In the embodiment where the third electrode 109 exists, when a voltage is applied between the first electrode 104 and the third electrode 109 or between the second electrode 105 and the third electrode 109, the light will converge further, achieving a better anti-peeping effect compared to the above anti-peeping mode.

[0088] The display panel 20 can be any one of an oled, a miniled, a microled, and a liquid crystal display panel. When the display panel is any one of an oled, a miniled, and a microled, a backlight is not required to emit light. When the display panel is a liquid crystal display panel, a backlight is required to emit light. Subsequently, the details of the present application will be described in detail by taking the liquid crystal display panel as an example of the display panel.

[0089] When the display panel 20 is a liquid crystal display panel, the display panel 20 may include a third substrate 201, a fourth substrate 202, a third liquid crystal layer 203 and a color filter 207 located between the third substrate 201 and the fourth substrate 202, and may also include a third electrode 204 and a fourth electrode 205 and an insulating layer 206 located between the third electrode 204 and the fourth electrode 205. The display panel 20 presents an image by precisely controlling the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 203. When a voltage is applied between the third electrode 204 and the fourth electrode 205, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 203 are rearranged under the action of the applied voltage, thereby changing the light.

[0090] The color filter 207 may include color filters of three different colors: red (R), green (G), and blue (B). By arranging the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) color filters regularly, the white light in the backlight is decomposed into three primary colors, and combined with the dimming function of the liquid crystal, a full-color display effect is mixed. The color filter is a polymer photosensitive material, and only allows light of a specific wavelength to pass through (such as the red color filter allowing light waves of 600 - 700 nm to pass through) by precise dye or pigment ratio, filtering other stray light.

[0091] In a specific embodiment of the display module, the display module further includes an anti-peeping film 30. The anti-peeping film 30 includes a plurality of light-shielding regions 301 and light-transmitting regions 302 arranged alternately along the first direction, and the extension direction of the second electrode 105 and the extension direction of the light-shielding region 301 form a fourth included angle α in the orthographic projection on the first substrate 101.

[0092] Through the precise arrangement of the light-shielding area 301 and the light-transmitting area 302 of the anti-peeping film 30, combined with the fact that the projection of the extension direction of the second electrode 105 and the extension direction of the light-shielding area 301 on the first substrate 101 forms a second preset included angle, the visibility of the screen at a specific viewing angle is reduced, thereby achieving the anti-peeping effect of the display panel. Further optimize the light-shielding effect and viewing angle control to ensure the reduction of the visibility of panel information at unexpected viewing angles, and improve the security and privacy of the display panel.

[0093] In a specific embodiment of the display module, the fourth included angle α satisfies: 0 < α ≤ 45°.

[0094] By ensuring that the fourth included angle (the projection of the extension direction of the light-shielding area 301 of the anti-peeping film and the extension direction of the second electrode 105 on the first substrate 101) is within the range of 0 < α ≤ 45°, the visual interference patterns that may be generated due to repetition between the two structures can be minimized, thereby reducing the interference of moiré patterns. Suppressing moiré patterns can improve the quality of the displayed content, provide a clearer and cleaner image, avoid unnecessary visual interference, and enhance the user experience.

[0095] In a specific embodiment of the display module, the fourth included angle α satisfies: 11° ≤ α ≤ 45°.

[0096] By controlling the fourth included angle (the projection of the extension direction of the light-shielding area 301 of the anti-peeping film and the extension direction of the second electrode 105 on the first substrate 101) within a smaller range, specifically 11° ≤ α ≤ 45°, the visual interference patterns that may be generated due to repetition between the two structures can be minimized, thereby reducing the interference of moiré patterns. Suppressing moiré patterns can improve the quality of the displayed content, provide a clearer and cleaner image, avoid unnecessary visual interference, and enhance the user experience.

[0097] In a specific embodiment of the display module, the display module further includes: a first polarizer 208 and a second polarizer 209, which are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel 20 facing the anti-peeping film 30 and the surface away from the anti-peeping film 30, and the transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are orthogonal; the display module further includes a third polarizer 110, and the third polarizer 110 is disposed on the side of the first dimming panel 10 away from the display panel 20, wherein the transmission axis of the third polarizer 110 is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 208 or the second polarizer 209.

[0098] Such as Figure 7 and Figure 8The display module shown mainly includes a first dimming panel 10, a display panel 20, a privacy film 30, and a backlight 40 from top to bottom. The privacy film 30 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the backlight 40; the display panel 20 is disposed on the side of the privacy film 30 away from the backlight 40. A first polarizer 208 and a second polarizer 209 are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel 20 facing the backlight 40 and the surface away from the backlight 40. The transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are orthogonal; the first dimming panel 10 is disposed on the side of the second polarizer 209 away from the backlight 40, and the first substrate 101 is closer to the second polarizer 209 than the second substrate 102.

[0099] The second polarizer 209 can only allow light in a specific direction to pass through (for example, only allow light with a horizontal component to pass through). A third polarizer 110 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 102 away from the first substrate 101, and the transmission axis of the third polarizer 110 is parallel to the transmission axis of the second polarizer 209. At this time, the third polarizer 110 can perform secondary filtering on the non-ideal horizontal polarization component of the scattered light. At this time, compared with the case without the third polarizer 110, the scattered light entering the human eye is reduced, and the display effect of the display panel is improved.

[0100] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the first dimming panel 10 mainly includes a first substrate 101, a second substrate 102, a first liquid crystal layer 103, a first electrode 104, and a second electrode 105. The first substrate 101 is disposed on the light-incident side of the first dimming panel 10; the second substrate 102 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the dimming panel 10; the first liquid crystal layer 103 is disposed between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102; the first electrode 104 is disposed on the first substrate 101 or the second substrate 102; the second electrode 105 is disposed on the first substrate 101. The second electrode 105 includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the extending direction of the second sub-electrodes forms a first preset angle θ with the first direction, where θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees. In response to applying a voltage between the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the light incident on the first dimming panel 10 is changed in the exit direction. The first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 are isolated by an insulating layer 106. The material of the insulating layer 106 can be selected from inorganic materials such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon dioxide (SiO2), or other types of organic insulating materials can also be used.

[0101] Further, Figure 7 and Figure 8The first electrode 104 near the first substrate 101 side can be a comb structure or a planar structure, the second electrode 105 is a comb structure, and the materials of the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 can be indium tin oxide (ITO) or indium zinc oxide (IZO) or other transparent conductive materials.

[0102] In addition, it further includes a first alignment layer 107 and a second alignment layer 108 respectively disposed on the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. The first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 are disposed opposite to each other and are used to control the initial angle of the liquid crystal in the first liquid crystal layer 103. Specifically, the first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 are arranged opposite to each other and jointly act on the first liquid crystal layer 103 to ensure that the liquid crystal molecules can be arranged at a preset angle in the initial state. The space between the two alignment layers can be filled with a positive liquid crystal material. In this case, at a temperature of 25 °C and a wavelength of 589 nm, the refractive index difference (Δn) of the liquid crystal is greater than 0.25, and the product of Δn and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is maintained between 300 and 3000 nanometers. According to the design requirements, the alignment layer can make the liquid crystal molecules perpendicular to the substrate at an angle of about 80 to 90 degrees, or form a pretilt angle of about 5°±5°. In addition, the liquid crystal layer located between the electrodes can also select a negative liquid crystal material, which will also form a certain angle with the substrate in the initial state. For example, it can make the liquid crystal molecules perpendicular to the substrate at an angle of about 80 to 90 degrees. In this way, the initial arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted according to the actual application requirements to optimize the display effect.

[0103] Specifically, as Figure 7 shown, the first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 disposed opposite to each other control the initial angle of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 103 to be perpendicular to the first substrate 101. When no voltage is applied to the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the light incident on the first dimming panel 10 will not change the exit direction, thereby achieving the anti-peeping effect (narrow viewing angle mode) of the display panel.

[0104] Specifically, as Figure 8 shown, the first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 disposed opposite to each other control the initial angle of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 103 to be perpendicular to the first substrate 101. When a voltage is applied to the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 103 are tilted, and the first light incident on the first dimming panel 10 changes the exit direction, so that the light incident on the first dimming panel 10 diverges to more viewing angles, thereby achieving the sharing effect (wide viewing angle mode) of the display panel.

[0105] Further, the transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 attached to the display panel are 0±5° or 90°±5°, and the angle between them remains orthogonal. However, considering the process error, the transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are allowed to be maintained within 90°±10°.

[0106] As Figure 9 and Figure 10 The display module shown includes, from top to bottom, a display panel 20, a first dimming panel 10, a privacy filter 30, and a backlight 40. Specifically, the privacy filter 30 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the backlight 40; the first dimming panel 10 is disposed on the side of the privacy filter 30 away from the backlight 40, where the first substrate 101 is closer to the privacy filter 30 than the second substrate 102; the display panel 20 is disposed on the side of the first dimming panel 10 away from the backlight 40, where the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel 20 facing the backlight 40 and the surface away from the backlight 40, and the transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are orthogonal.

[0107] The display module further includes a third polarizer 110 disposed on the side of the first substrate 101 facing the backlight 40, where the transmission axis of the third polarizer 110 is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 208. Specifically, the first polarizer 208 allows light in a specific direction to pass through (for example, allows light with a horizontal component to pass through). When the third polarizer 110 is disposed on the side of the first substrate 101 facing the backlight 40 and the transmission axis of the third polarizer 110 is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 208, the third polarizer 110 can perform secondary filtering on the non-ideal horizontal polarization component of the scattered light. At this time, compared with the case without the third polarizer 110, the scattered light entering the human eye is reduced, and the display effect of the display panel is improved.

[0108] As Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, the first dimming panel 10 mainly includes a first substrate 101, a second substrate 102, a first liquid crystal layer 103, a first electrode 104, and a second electrode 105. The first substrate 101 is disposed on the light-incident side of the first dimming panel 10; the second substrate 102 is disposed on the light-emitting side of the first dimming panel 10; the first liquid crystal layer 103 is disposed between the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102; the first electrode 104 is disposed on the first substrate 101 or the second substrate 102; the second electrode 105 is disposed on the first substrate 101. The second electrode 105 includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the extending direction of the second sub-electrode forms a first preset angle θ with the first direction, where θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees. In response to applying a voltage across the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the light incident on the first dimming panel 10 has its exit direction changed. The first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 are isolated by an insulating layer 106, and the material of the insulating layer 106 can be an inorganic material such as silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon dioxide (SiO2), or other types of organic insulating materials can also be selected.

[0109] Further, in Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the first electrode 104 closer to the first substrate 101 side can be a comb structure or a planar structure, the second electrode 105 is a comb structure, and the materials of the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105 can be indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zinc oxide (IZO), or other transparent conductive materials. Additionally, the first dimming panel 10 further includes a first alignment layer 107 and a second alignment layer 108 respectively disposed on the first substrate 101 and the second substrate 102. The first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 are disposed opposite to each other and are used to control the initial angle of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 103. Specifically, the first alignment layer 107 and the second alignment layer 108 are arranged opposite to each other and jointly act on the liquid crystal layer 103 to ensure that the liquid crystal molecules are arranged perpendicular to the first substrate 101 in the initial state. The space between the two alignment layers can be filled with a positive liquid crystal material. In this case, at a temperature of 25 °C and a wavelength of 589 nm, the refractive index difference (Δn) of the liquid crystal is greater than 0.25, and the product of Δn and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is maintained between 300 and 3000 nanometers. According to the design requirements, the alignment layer can make the liquid crystal molecules perpendicular to the substrate at about 80° to 90°, or form a pretilt angle of about 5° ± 5°. In addition, the liquid crystal layer located between the electrodes can also be a negative liquid crystal material, which will also form a certain angle with the substrate in the initial state. For example, the liquid crystal molecules can be perpendicular to the substrate at about 80 degrees to 90°. In this way, the initial arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules can be adjusted according to the actual application requirements to optimize the display effect.

[0110] Specifically, as Figure 9As shown, the oppositely arranged first alignment layer 107 and second alignment layer 108 control the initial angle of the liquid crystal in the first liquid crystal layer 103 to be perpendicular to the first substrate 101. When no voltage is applied to the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the light incident on the dimming panel will not change its exit direction, thereby achieving the anti-peeping effect (narrow viewing angle mode) of the display panel.

[0111] Specifically, as Figure 10 shown, the oppositely arranged first alignment layer 107 and second alignment layer 108 control the initial angle of the liquid crystal in the first liquid crystal layer 103 to be perpendicular to the first substrate 101. When a voltage is applied to the first electrode 104 and the second electrode 105, the liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal layer 103 deflect, and the light incident on the dimming panel changes its exit direction, causing the light incident on the dimming panel to diverge to more viewing angles, thereby achieving the sharing effect (wide viewing angle mode) of the display panel.

[0112] Furthermore, the transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are 0±5° or 90°±5°, and the angle between them remains orthogonal. However, considering process errors, it is allowed that the transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 remain within 90°±10°, ensuring the optimization of the display effect, enhancing the contrast, and reducing the influence of ambient light reflection on the visual experience.

[0113] In a specific embodiment of the display module, the display module further includes:

[0114] A first polarizer 208 and a second polarizer 209, which are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel 20 facing the anti-peeping film 30 and the surface away from the anti-peeping film 30, and the transmission axes of the first polarizer 208 and the second polarizer 209 are orthogonal;

[0115] A third polarizer 110, which is disposed on the side of the first dimming component 10 away from the display panel 20, wherein the transmission axis of the third polarizer 110 is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer 208 or the second polarizer 209;

[0116] A fourth polarizer 111, which is disposed between the first dimming panel 10 and the second dimming panel 50, and the direction of the transmission axis of the fourth polarizer 111 is the same as the direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer 110.

[0117] Specifically, the first polarizer 208 is mainly responsible for adjusting the direction of the light emitted from the display panel to meet specific polarization requirements, while the second polarizer 209 is used to prevent external light from interfering with the visual effect and enhance privacy protection. The third polarizer 110 can further optimize the polarization state of the light to make it more adaptable to changes in the external environment and improve the adaptability of the display effect. The fourth polarizer 111 is sandwiched between the first dimming panel and the second dimming panel, and its transmission axis direction is the same as that of the third polarizer 110. Under the combined action of the third polarizer 110 and the fourth polarizer 111, effective control of light transmission and modulation can be achieved, realizing a smooth dimming effect, thereby providing a more comfortable and energy-saving display experience.

[0118] Exemplarily, Figure 11 can be used as an example of a display module. As Figure 11 shown, the display module includes two adjacent dimming panels (the first dimming panel 10 and the second dimming panel 50). Multiple adjacent dimming panels can make the light with a narrow viewing angle more divergent or more convergent, thereby enhancing the sharing / anti-peeking effect of the display panel.

[0119] Furthermore, the present application also provides a display device, which includes the display module of the foregoing embodiment.

[0120] Furthermore, the present application also provides a preparation method for a dimming component. The dimming component includes a first dimming panel. The method specifically includes the following steps:

[0121] Set the first substrate on the light incident side of the first dimming panel;

[0122] Set the second substrate on the light exiting side of the first dimming panel;

[0123] Set a first liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate;

[0124] Set a first electrode on the first substrate or the second substrate;

[0125] Set a second electrode on the first substrate. The second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction. The extending direction of the second sub-electrodes forms a first preset angle θ with the first direction, and θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees. The first direction is the arrangement direction of the second sub-electrodes.

[0126] By arranging the plurality of sub-electrodes of the second electrode at intervals along the first direction and making its extending direction form a preset inclination angle with the first direction, the inclined electrode arrangement can eliminate or significantly weaken the interference of moiré patterns.

[0127] So far, the technical solution of the present application has been described in conjunction with the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A dimming component, characterized in that, The dimming component includes a first dimming panel, and the first dimming panel includes: A first substrate, disposed on the light incident side of the first dimming panel, and first light is incident on the first substrate; A second substrate, disposed on the light exit side of the first dimming panel, and second light exits from the second substrate; A first liquid crystal layer, disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; A first electrode, disposed on the first substrate or the second substrate; A second electrode, disposed on the first substrate, wherein the second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, the extending direction of the second sub-electrode forms a first angle θ with the first direction, and the first angle θ is less than or equal to 90 degrees, and the first direction is the arrangement direction of the second sub-electrodes; Wherein, the directions of the first light and the second light are different.

2. The dimming component according to claim 1, wherein The first angle θ satisfies 45° ≤ θ < 90°.

3. The dimming component according to claim 2, characterized in that The first angle θ satisfies 70° ≤ θ < 90°.

4. The dimming component according to claim 1, wherein The second sub-electrode is a zigzag structure, including a plurality of sets of broken line segments connected in sequence, wherein each set of broken line segments includes a first broken line segment and a second broken line segment, the first broken line segment and the second broken line segment are axisymmetric with respect to the first direction, and both form a second angle with the first direction, and the second angle is equal to the first angle; and / or, the plurality of sets of broken line segments include a first set of broken line segments and a second set of broken line segments, the first broken line segment in the first set of broken line segments is parallel to the first broken line segment in the second set of broken line segments, and the second broken line segment in the first set of broken line segments is parallel to the second broken line segment in the second set of broken line segments.

5. The dimming component according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The first electrode is disposed on the first substrate, the first electrode is a linear structure or a zigzag structure, and is disposed on the same layer as the second electrode and arranged alternately; or, the first electrode is disposed on the second substrate, and the first electrode is a planar structure.

6. The dimming component according to any one of claims 1, characterized in that, The dimming component further includes a second dimming panel, and the second dimming panel includes: a third substrate and a fourth substrate disposed opposite to each other and a second liquid crystal layer located between the third substrate and the fourth substrate, A third electrode, disposed on the side of the third substrate close to the second liquid crystal layer, wherein the third electrode includes a plurality of third sub-electrodes arranged at intervals along a first direction, and the extending direction of the third sub-electrode forms a third angle with the first direction.

7. A display module, characterized in that, The display module includes: A display panel; At least one first dimming panel according to any one of claims 1-5, or a dimming component according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. The display module according to claim 7, wherein, The display module further includes a privacy film, and the privacy film includes a plurality of light shielding regions and light transmitting regions arranged alternately along the first direction, wherein the extending direction of the second electrode and the extending direction of the light shielding region form a fourth angle α in the orthographic projection on the first substrate.

9. The display module according to claim 8, wherein, The fourth angle α satisfies: 0 < α ≤ 45°.

10. The display module according to claim 9, wherein, The fourth angle α satisfies: 11° ≤ α ≤ 45°.

11. According to the display module of claim 8, characterized in that The display module further includes: A first polarizer and a second polarizer are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel facing the privacy film and the surface away from the privacy film, and the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are orthogonal to each other. A third polarizer is disposed on the side of the first dimming panel away from the display panel. Among them, the transmission axis of the third polarizer is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer or the transmission axis of the second polarizer.

12. The display module according to claim 8, wherein, The display module further includes: A first polarizer and a second polarizer are respectively disposed on the surface of the display panel facing the privacy film and the surface away from the privacy film, and the transmission axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are orthogonal to each other. A third polarizer is disposed on the side of the first dimming component away from the display panel. Among them, the transmission axis of the third polarizer is parallel to the transmission axis of the first polarizer or the transmission axis of the second polarizer; A fourth polarizer is disposed between the first dimming panel and the second dimming panel, and the direction of the transmission axis of the fourth polarizer is the same as the direction of the transmission axis of the third polarizer.

13. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes the display module according to any one of the preceding claims 7-12.

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