Variable curvature shell broadband vembender transducer, method of underwater radiated acoustic wave, and cymbal array
By combining a variable curvature shell design with a piezoelectric ring oscillator, the narrow-band problem of traditional V-type bending transducers is solved, achieving low-frequency, high-power, and broadband transmission characteristics, thus enhancing the effect of underwater radiated sound waves.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- INST OF ACOUSTICS CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
Traditional V-type bending transducers cannot achieve broadband transmission because the acoustic radiation response curves of the first-order bending axisymmetric vibration and the subsequent higher-order bending axisymmetric vibrations have troughs.
By designing a variable curvature shell, the second-order bending axisymmetric vibration mode is altered and coupled with the first-order mode, eliminating the valley in the response curve. A piezoelectric ring oscillator is used to perform radial expansion and contraction motion within the shell, driving the protrusions and depressions of the shell to achieve displacement amplification and radiate sound waves.
It achieves low-frequency, small-size, high-power, and broadband transmission characteristics, enhances the transducer's bandwidth, reduces redundant vibration modes, and improves the efficiency of radiated sound waves.
Smart Images
Figure CN120321573B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of underwater acoustic transducer technology, and particularly to a broadband V-shaped bending transducer with a variable curvature shell, a method for radiating sound waves in water, and a Cymbal array. Background Technology
[0002] Traditional V-type bending transducers, as typical bending transducers, possess low-frequency, high-power characteristics and are widely used in underwater sound sources or small platforms such as UUVs. However, due to their large mechanical Q value, their response curve has a sharp peak and narrow bandwidth, thus limiting them to transmitting only single-frequency signals. To achieve higher transmission response and undistorted signal waveforms in underwater signal transmission, broadband signal transmission is required. Therefore, realizing broadband transmission is the main optimization direction for V-type bending transducers.
[0003] Cymbal transducers are typical small-sized bending transducers that are lightweight and miniaturized from V-type transducers. They can achieve good directivity or receiving performance by forming an array with close packing. However, because their vibration mode is similar to that of traditional V-type bending transducers, the problem of narrow bandwidth has not been well solved.
[0004] The primary vibration mode of a traditional V-type flexural / cymbal transducer is the bending vibration of the outer shell driven by the vibration of the internal oscillator. Its narrow-band characteristic means the transducer can only radiate sound waves in water through the first-order bending vibration mode of the shell. This is reflected in the emission response curve as a deep trough between the first-order vibration response peak and subsequent second- and third-order response peaks. Therefore, how to use multi-mode coupling technology to couple multiple different vibration modes of the V-type flexural transducer to form a broadband characteristic has become a major technical challenge. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem in existing technologies where traditional V-shaped bending transducers cannot achieve broadband transmission due to the valleys in the acoustic radiation response curves of first-order and subsequent higher-order bending axisymmetric vibrations. This invention provides a variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer, a method for radiating acoustic waves in water, and a cymbal array. By changing the second-order bending axisymmetric vibration mode, it allows coupling with the first-order mode, thereby eliminating the valleys in the response curve and achieving broadband transmission characteristics. This results in a variable curvature shell V-shaped bending transducer, its operating method, and a cymbal array that combine low frequency, small size, high power, and broadband transmission characteristics.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the variable curvature shell broadband V-type bending transducer provided by the present invention includes:
[0007] A housing includes an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2; wherein the upper housing 1 includes a protrusion 11, a recess 12, a pre-tightening portion 13, and a fixing portion 14; wherein the protrusion 11 provides a positive curvature radiating surface and has a convex surface extending from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing; the recess 12 provides a negative curvature radiating surface, transitions between the protrusion 11 and the pre-tightening portion 13, and has an arc-shaped cross-section, the center of which is located outside the housing; the fixing portion 14 includes several parts extending outward along different radial directions of the pre-tightening portion 13, each part being arranged along the circumferential direction of the pre-tightening portion 13 and connected to the pre-tightening portion 13; the structure of the lower housing 2 is mirror-symmetrical to that of the upper housing 1 along a horizontal plane; the pre-tightening portion 13 of the lower housing 2 abuts against and is detachably connected to the pre-tightening portion 13 of the upper housing 1; and
[0008] The vibrator is installed inside the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2, and is fixedly connected to the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2.
[0009] As an improvement to the aforementioned transducer, each part of the fixing part 14 is provided with threaded holes 15 and through holes 16 along the axial direction of the pre-tightening part 13; the pre-tightening part 13 of the lower housing 2 and the pre-tightening part 13 of the upper housing 1 are detachably connected by bolts, with the bolts passing through the threaded holes 15 of the pre-tightening part 13 and the threaded holes 15 of the pre-tightening part 13 of the upper housing 1; the housing is connected to external equipment through the through holes 16, or the through holes can be used as a point of force for hoisting.
[0010] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the protrusion 11, recess 12, pre-tightening part 13 and fixing part 14 of the upper housing 1 are integrally formed; the protrusion 11, recess 12, pre-tightening part 13 and fixing part 14 of the lower housing 2 are integrally formed.
[0011] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the protrusion 11, the recess 12 and the pre-tightening part 13 are all axisymmetric rotating body structures.
[0012] As an improvement to the transducer described above, the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the protrusion 11 is greater than the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped cross section of the recess 12.
[0013] As an improvement to the above-mentioned transducer, the fixing part 14 includes four parts; the four parts of the fixing part 14 form a circumferential array around the pre-tightening part 13, and the included angle between two adjacent parts is 90°.
[0014] As an improvement to the transducer described above, a silicone pad 4 is also included, which is disposed around the vibrator and connected to the fixing part 14 of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2 for sealing the housing.
[0015] As an improvement to the aforementioned transducer, the type of oscillator includes: a piezoelectric ring oscillator 3, a piezoelectric disc oscillator, and a rare-earth Terfenol-D oscillator; wherein, the piezoelectric ring oscillator 3 includes a piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring 31 and an epoxy glass fiber 32; wherein, the piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring 31 is composed of several piezoelectric ceramic strips assembled along the circumferential direction, and every two piezoelectric ceramic strips are connected by mechanical series and electrical parallel connection. After the piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring 31 is assembled, it is fixed by winding with epoxy glass fiber 32.
[0016] To achieve another objective of the present invention, the present invention also provides a method for radiating sound waves in water, employing the aforementioned variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer, comprising the following steps:
[0017] By applying alternating signals of different frequencies to the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 through an external cable, the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 performs radial expansion and contraction movements inside the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, driving the pre-tightening part 13 to perform radial expansion and contraction movements, thereby transmitting the vibration to the protrusion 11 and the recess 12, realizing the displacement amplification effect, so that the small vibration displacement of the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 is converted into the large vibration displacement of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, and the overall expansion and contraction movements are realized in the water, thereby radiating sound waves in the water.
[0018] As another objective of the present invention, the present invention also provides a Cymbal array, comprising the above-mentioned variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer, wherein the transducer is miniaturized by using a small driving oscillator to form an array of Cymbal transducers.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer, the method for radiating sound waves in water, and the Cymbal array of the present invention have the following advantages:
[0020] 1. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention includes: an upper shell 1, including a protrusion 11, a recess 12, a pre-tightening part 13, and a fixing part 14, wherein the recess 12 is located on the periphery of the protrusion 11 and is connected to the pre-tightening part 13. The fixing part 14 extends outward from the pre-tightening part 13 in four directions into four parts, each part having a threaded hole 15 and a through hole 16; a lower shell 2, which is symmetrically arranged above and below the upper shell 1 and has the same features as the upper shell 1; a piezoelectric ring vibrator 3, including a piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring 31 and an epoxy glass fiber 32, wherein the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 is disposed inside the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 and is fixedly connected to the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2; and a silicone pad 4, which is disposed on the periphery of the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 and is fixedly connected to the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2. By applying an alternating signal to the piezoelectric ring oscillator 3, the piezoelectric ring oscillator 3 expands and contracts radially within the upper shell 1 and lower shell 2, driving the pre-tightening part 13 to expand and contract radially. The vibration is transmitted to the protrusion 11 and the recess 12 of the shell, achieving displacement amplification and converting the small vibration displacement of the piezoelectric ring oscillator 3 into a large vibration displacement of the upper shell 1 and lower shell 2, thereby radiating sound waves in the water. The upper and lower shells 2 of this variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer adopt a combination of protrusion 11 and recess 12, with the recess 12 located on the periphery of the protrusion 11. This design replaces the structure of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer where the entire shell is a protrusion 11. Without changing the overall structural mode of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer, the upper and lower shells 2 are artificially divided into two radiation surfaces with opposite curvatures. This structure can change the second-order bending vibration axisymmetric mode of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer. The second-order vibration mode of a traditional V-shaped bending transducer is characterized by the entire convex radiating surface being divided into two parts that expand and contract respectively, resulting in a phase-out region. The modified second-order vibration mode, however, becomes an overall expansion or contraction mode with the concave radiating surface 12 as the main radiating region, which is phase-out with the traditional second-order mode. Therefore, it can be coupled with the first and third-order modes of the transducer to achieve broadband characteristics by coupling the first three orders of bending axisymmetric vibrations.
[0021] 2. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention comprises an upper and lower shell 2, the protrusion 11, the recess 12, and the pre-tensioning part 13 of which are all axisymmetric rotating bodies. Since the variable curvature V-shaped bending transducer only changes the protrusion 11 and the recess 12 of the radiating surface of the upper and lower shell 2, its overall structure has not changed significantly compared with the traditional V-shaped bending transducer (such as shell thickness, oscillator assembly, etc.). Therefore, its first-order bending axisymmetric vibration is basically consistent with the vibration mode and radiation capability of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer in the prior art, and does not reduce the low-frequency, high-power characteristics of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer in the first-order vibration mode.
[0022] 3. In the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by this invention, the radius of curvature of the protrusion 11 is larger than that of the recess 12. Since the second-order bending axisymmetric vibration mode of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer is the vibration with the recess 12 as the main radiation region, the design of the radius of curvature of the recess 12 is crucial to achieving good broadband emission characteristics. If the recess 12 is too small, the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer will revert to a traditional V-shaped structure; if the recess 12 is too large, the peak value of the emission response of the second-order vibration will also be high, and even if it can couple with the first-order vibration, it will be difficult to achieve smooth broadband characteristics. Therefore, when the radius of curvature of the protrusion 11 is larger than that of the recess 12, the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer can additionally increase broadband radiation characteristics without sacrificing low-frequency, high-power characteristics.
[0023] 4. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by this invention has a piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring 31 composed of several piezoelectric ceramic strips assembled along the circumferential direction. Every two piezoelectric ceramic strips are connected in series mechanically and in parallel electrically. Since this invention improves broadband transmission performance by changing the structure of the radiating surface of the V-shaped bending transducer shell, and the advantages brought by structural optimization are less related to the type of driving oscillator inside, different types of oscillators can be used for driving. Different transducers and applications can also be achieved by changing the transducer size. For example, by proportionally reducing the size of a large shell for miniaturization, and then driving it with a small piezoelectric tube 5 or piezoelectric disc 6, a small-sized Cymbal transducer can be formed, which can also improve the broadband performance of the Cymbal transducer. By further designing it in a dense array, it can be used for more applications such as receiving or directivity.
[0024] 5. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention has a rotating body structure as its main body, and the lower shell 2 and the upper shell 1 are symmetrically arranged, which makes it easier for the transducer to generate axisymmetric, excitable bending vibration modes and reduce redundant and unnecessary bending vibration modes.
[0025] 6. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention has the protrusion 11, the recess 12, the pre-tightening part 13 and the fixing part 14 of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 as an integral molded part, which ensures the overall stability of the shell and avoids the occurrence of nodes at the connection of multiple split structures at the connection of the protrusion 11 and the recess 12, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer.
[0026] The summary section is provided to present the chosen concepts in a simplified form, which will be further described in the detailed description below. The summary section is not intended to identify essential or necessary features of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention;
[0028] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Exploded view;
[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A sectional view;
[0030] Figure 4 This invention provides a wiring method for a variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer with a built-in piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring.
[0031] Figure 5 This is a comparison diagram of the structure and curvature of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention with that of a traditional V-shaped bending transducer in a two-dimensional axisymmetric plane.
[0032] Figure 6 These are the first three bending vibration mode shapes of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by this invention in a two-dimensional axisymmetric plane.
[0033] Figure 7 This is a comparison of the emission voltage response curves of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention with those of a traditional V-shaped bending transducer in the low-frequency band.
[0034] Figure 8 A comparison of the transmit voltage response curves of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided by the present invention at the mid-frequency band with those of a traditional V-shaped bending transducer after miniaturization.
[0035] Figure 9 This is a broadband V-shaped bending transducer with a variable curvature shell, which is a miniaturized version of a piezoelectric circular tube used as a driving oscillator.
[0036] Figure 10 This is a broadband V-shaped bending transducer with a variable curvature shell, which is miniaturized by using piezoelectric discs as driving oscillators.
[0037] Attached Figure Labels
[0038] 1-Upper housing; 11-Protrusion; 12-Recess; 13-Pre-tightening part; 14-Fixing part; 15-Threaded hole; 16-Through hole; 2-Lower housing; 3-Piezoelectric ring vibrator; 31-Piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring; 32-Epoxy glass fiber; 4-Silicone pad; 5-Piezoelectric tube; 6-Piezoelectric disc. Detailed Implementation
[0039] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the embodiments.
[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0043] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0044] Example 1
[0045] Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a variable curvature shell broadband V-type bending transducer, including:
[0046] The housing includes an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2; wherein the upper housing 1 includes a protrusion 11, a recess 12, a pre-tightening portion 13, and a fixing portion 14; wherein the protrusion 11 provides a positive curvature radiating surface and has a convex surface extending from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing; the recess 12 provides a negative curvature radiating surface, which transitions between the protrusion 11 and the pre-tightening portion 13, and has an arc-shaped cross-section, the center of which is located outside the housing; the fixing portion 14 includes several parts extending outward along different radial directions of the pre-tightening portion 13, each part being arranged along the circumferential direction of the pre-tightening portion 13 and connected to the pre-tightening portion 13;
[0047] The lower housing 2 has a structure that is mirror-symmetrical to the upper housing 1 along the horizontal plane and has the same features as the upper housing 1; the pre-tightening part 13 of the lower housing 2 abuts against the pre-tightening part 13 of the upper housing 1 and is detachably connected.
[0048] The vibrator is installed inside the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2, and is fixedly connected to the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2.
[0049] The types of oscillators can include: piezoelectric ring oscillators, piezoelectric disc oscillators, and rare-earth Terfenol-D oscillators; this embodiment uses piezoelectric ring oscillators 3 as an example. It is worth noting that simulations have confirmed that various types of oscillators can be used.
[0050] In some optional embodiments, each part of the fixing part 14 is provided with a threaded hole 15 and a through hole 16 along the axial direction of the pre-tightening part 13; the pre-tightening part 13 of the lower housing 2 and the pre-tightening part 13 of the upper housing 1 are detachably connected by bolts, with the bolts passing through the threaded holes 15 of the pre-tightening part 13 and the threaded holes 15 of the pre-tightening part 13 of the upper housing 1. The housing is connected to external equipment through the through hole 16, or the through hole can be used as a lifting point. The external equipment can be a platform or other structure.
[0051] In some alternative embodiments, the recess 12 is located around the protrusion 11, and is disposed around the protrusion 11. The inner edge of the recess 12 is connected to the outer edge of the protrusion 11, and the outer edge of the recess 12 is connected to the top end of the pre-tightening part 13.
[0052] An alternating signal is applied to the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 via an external cable. The piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 expands and contracts radially inside the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, which in turn drives the pre-tightening part 13 to expand and contract radially. The vibration is transmitted to the protrusion 11 and the recess 12 of the shell, realizing the displacement amplification effect. This transforms the small vibration displacement of the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 into a large vibration displacement of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, thereby radiating sound waves in the water.
[0053] The upper shell 1 and lower shell 2 of this variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer employ a combination of protruding portions 11 and recessed portions 12, with the recessed portions 12 located around the protruding portions 11. This design replaces the traditional V-shaped bending transducer structure where the entire shell is a protrusion. Without altering the overall structural pattern of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer, the upper shell 1 and lower shell 2 are artificially divided into two radiation surfaces with opposite curvatures. This structure alters the second-order bending vibration axisymmetric mode of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer. The second-order vibration mode of the traditional V-shaped bending transducer involves the entire protruding radiation surface expanding and contracting in two separate parts, resulting in a phase-out region. The altered second-order vibration mode becomes an overall expansion or contraction mode with the recessed radiation surface as the main radiation area, which is phase-out with the traditional second-order mode. Therefore, it can be coupled with the first and third-order modes of the transducer, achieving broadband characteristics through coupling of the first three orders of bending axisymmetric vibrations.
[0054] In this embodiment, the protrusions 11, recesses 12, and pre-tensioning parts 13 included in the upper shell 1 and lower shell 2 are all axisymmetric rotating structures. Since this variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer only changes the protrusions 11 and recesses 12 on the radiating surfaces of the upper and lower shells, its overall structure has not undergone significant changes compared to traditional V-shaped bending transducers (such as shell thickness, oscillator assembly, etc.). Therefore, its first-order bending axisymmetric vibration is basically consistent with that of traditional V-shaped bending transducers in the prior art in terms of vibration mode and radiation capability, and does not reduce the low-frequency, high-power characteristics of traditional V-shaped bending transducers in the first-order vibration mode.
[0055] In some optional embodiments, the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the protrusion 11 is greater than the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped cross-section of the recess 12. Since the second-order bending axisymmetric vibration mode of the variable curvature V-type bending transducer is the vibration with the recess 12 as the main radiation region, the design of the radius of curvature of the recess 12 is crucial for achieving good broadband emission characteristics. If the recess 12 is too small, the variable curvature V-type bending transducer will revert to a traditional V-shaped structure; if the recess 12 is too large, the peak value of the second-order vibration emission response will also be high, making it difficult to achieve smooth broadband characteristics even if it can couple with the first-order vibration. Therefore, when the radius of curvature of the protrusion 11 is greater than that of the recess 12, the variable curvature V-type bending transducer can additionally increase broadband radiation characteristics without sacrificing low-frequency, high-power characteristics. It is worth noting that, according to simulation results, when the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the protrusion 11 is less than or equal to the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped cross section of the recess 12, the broadband transmission characteristics can still maintain a normal level. However, when the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the protrusion 11 is greater than the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped cross section of the recess 12, the broadband effect is better.
[0056] In some optional embodiments, the piezoelectric circular ring oscillator 3 includes a piezoelectric ceramic inlaid circular ring 31 and an epoxy glass fiber 32. The piezoelectric ceramic inlaid circular ring 31 is composed of several piezoelectric ceramic strips assembled along the circumferential direction, with each pair of piezoelectric ceramic strips connected in series mechanically and in parallel electrically. After being assembled, the piezoelectric ceramic inlaid circular ring 31 is tightly wound and fixed by the epoxy glass fiber 32. Since this embodiment improves broadband transmission performance by changing the structure of the radiating surface of the V-shaped bending transducer housing, and the advantages brought by structural optimization are less related to the type of driving oscillator inside, different types of oscillators can be used for driving. Different transducers and applications can also be achieved by changing the transducer size. For example, by proportionally reducing the size of a large housing and miniaturizing it, and then driving it with a small piezoelectric tube or piezoelectric disc, a small-sized Cymbal transducer can be formed, which can also improve the broadband performance of the Cymbal transducer. By further designing it in a dense array, it can be used for more applications such as receiving or directivity.
[0057] In some alternative embodiments, the lower housing 2 and the upper housing 1 are arranged symmetrically, making it easier for the transducer to generate axisymmetric, excitable bending vibration modes and reducing redundant and unnecessary bending vibration modes.
[0058] In some optional embodiments, the protrusion 11, recess 12, pre-tightening part 13 and fixing part 14 of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are integrally formed parts, which ensures the overall stability of the shell and avoids the occurrence of nodes at the connection of multiple split structures at the protrusion and recess, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer.
[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the fixing part 14 comprises four parts; the four parts of the fixing part 14 form a circumferential array around the pre-tightening part 13, with each pair spaced 90° apart.
[0060] In some optional embodiments, a silicone pad 4 is also included, which is disposed around the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 and connected to the fixing part 14 of the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 2, for sealing the housing and preventing leakage of glue during subsequent potting.
[0061] Please see Figure 7 As shown, the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer is formed by assembling 120 piezoelectric ceramic strips along the circumferential direction. A piezoelectric ceramic inlaid circular ring serves as a piezoelectric circular ring oscillator, driving a variable curvature V-shaped bending transducer with a shell thickness of 4mm. The radius of curvature of the protruding part is 160mm, and the radius of curvature of the recessed part is 49mm. The resonant frequency of the transducer's first-order bending vibration axisymmetric mode is approximately 1.7kHz, the resonant frequency of the modified second-order vibration mode is approximately 3.3kHz, and the resonant frequency of the third-order vibration mode is approximately 5.2kHz. The first three vibration modes can couple to form a broadband characteristic, with peak transmitted voltage responses of 137.1dB, 137.3dB, and 141.5dB, respectively. A broadband band with in-band ripple of less than 3dB can be formed in the 1.5kHz-3.5kHz range, and a broadband band with in-band ripple of less than 6dB can be formed in the 1.5kHz-7kHz range. The bandwidth exceeds two octaves, replacing the deeper valleys in the traditional curve. Meanwhile, with the first-order frequency the same as the traditional one, the calculated maximum sound source level can reach 198dB, realizing the combination of low frequency, high power and wide bandwidth characteristics of the variable curvature V-type bending transducer.
[0062] Please see Figure 8 As shown, in another embodiment, the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer is miniaturized by assembling 24 piezoelectric ceramic strips along the circumferential direction. A piezoelectric ceramic inlaid circular ring serves as the piezoelectric circular ring oscillator, driving a variable curvature V-shaped bending transducer with a shell thickness of 3mm. The radius of curvature of the protruding part is 45mm, and the radius of curvature of the recessed part is 15mm. The resonant frequency of the transducer's first-order bending vibration axisymmetric mode is approximately 6.8kHz, the resonant frequency of the modified second-order vibration mode is approximately 12kHz, the resonant frequency of the third-order vibration mode is approximately 14.6kHz, and the resonant frequency of the fourth-order vibration mode is approximately 19.6kHz. The coupling of the first four vibration modes forms a broadband characteristic, with peak transmitted voltage responses of 129.4dB, 132.5dB, 133.9dB, and 129.9dB, respectively. A broadband characteristic with an in-band ripple of less than 6dB can be formed in the 6.2kHz-20.1kHz range, with a bandwidth of approximately 1.7 octaves. This achieves the combination of low-frequency, high-power, and broadband characteristics of the variable curvature V-shaped bending transducer. This also proves that the broadband characteristics of the shell structure are independent of the driving oscillator inside the transducer, and the operating frequency band of the transducer can be adjusted by changing the overall proportion of the shell and the material or structure of the oscillator.
[0063] Example 2
[0064] This embodiment provides a method for radiating sound waves in water, using the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer provided in Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:
[0065] By applying alternating signals of different frequencies to the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 through an external cable, the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 performs radial expansion and contraction movements inside the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, driving the pre-tightening part 13 to perform radial expansion and contraction movements. The vibration is transmitted to the protrusion 11 and the recess 12, realizing the displacement amplification effect, so that the small vibration displacement of the piezoelectric ring vibrator 3 is converted into the large vibration displacement of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2, and the overall expansion and contraction movements are realized in the water, thereby radiating sound waves in the water.
[0066] Example 3
[0067] For the Cymbal array provided in this embodiment, please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 9 As shown, the transducer includes a broadband V-shaped bending transducer with a variable curvature shell provided in Embodiment 1. The transducer is miniaturized using a small driving oscillator to form an array of Cymbal transducers. In this embodiment, the small driving oscillator directly drives the shell using a piezoelectric tube 5 or a piezoelectric disc 6. A larger piezoelectric ring oscillator 3 drives a larger bending shell to achieve low-frequency, high-power characteristics. This embodiment reduces the size of the transducer and uses a lower-cost piezoelectric tube 5 (… Figure 9 (as shown) or piezoelectric disc 6 ( Figure 10 As shown, the transducer is directly driven, thus miniaturizing it for use at high frequencies, and is named a cymbal transducer. The operation and driving mechanism are essentially the same whether using a large oscillator (such as a piezoelectric ring oscillator 3) or a small oscillator (such as a piezoelectric tube 5 or a piezoelectric disc 6).
[0068] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer, comprising: The housing includes an upper housing (1) and a lower housing (2); wherein the upper housing (1) includes a protrusion (11), a recess (12), a pre-tightening portion (13), and a fixing portion (14); wherein the protrusion (11) provides a positive curvature radiation surface and has a convex surface extending from the inside of the housing to the outside of the housing; the recess (12) provides a negative curvature radiation surface and transitions between the protrusion (11) and the pre-tightening portion (13), and has an arc-shaped cross section, the center of which is located outside the housing; the fixing portion (14) includes several parts extending outward along different radial directions of the pre-tightening portion (13), each part being arranged along the circumferential direction of the pre-tightening portion (13) and connected to the pre-tightening portion (13); The lower housing (2) is mirror-symmetrical to the upper housing (1) along the horizontal plane; the pre-tightening part (13) of the lower housing (2) and the pre-tightening part (13) of the upper housing (1) abut against each other and are detachably connected; the protrusions (11), recesses (12) and pre-tightening parts (13) of the upper housing (1) and the lower housing (2) are all axisymmetric rotating structures; and The oscillator is set inside the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2) and is fixedly connected to the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2). By applying alternating signals of different frequencies to the oscillator through an external cable, the oscillator performs radial expansion and contraction movements inside the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2), driving the pre-tightening part (13) to perform radial expansion and contraction movements, thereby transmitting the vibration to the protrusion (11) and the recess (12), realizing the displacement amplification effect, so that the small vibration displacement of the oscillator is converted into the large vibration displacement of the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (2), and realizes the overall expansion and contraction movement in the water, thereby radiating sound waves in the water.
2. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each part of the fixing part (14) is provided with a threaded hole (15) and a through hole (16) along the axial direction of the pre-tightening part (13); the pre-tightening part (13) of the lower housing (2) and the pre-tightening part (13) of the upper housing (1) are detachably connected by bolts, and the bolts are inserted into the threaded hole (15) of the pre-tightening part (13) and the threaded hole (15) of the pre-tightening part (13) of the upper housing (1); the housing is connected to external equipment through the through hole (16), or the through hole is used as a point of force for hoisting.
3. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protrusion (11), recess (12), pre-tightening part (13) and fixing part (14) of the upper shell (1) are integrally formed; the protrusion (11), recess (12), pre-tightening part (13) and fixing part (14) of the lower shell (2) are integrally formed.
4. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radius of curvature of the convex surface of the protrusion (11) is greater than the radius of curvature of the arc-shaped cross section of the recess (12).
5. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing part (14) comprises four parts; the four parts of the fixing part (14) form a circumferential array around the pre-tightening part (13), and the included angle between two adjacent parts is 90°.
6. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a silicone pad 4, which is disposed around the vibrator and connected to the fixing part (14) of the upper housing (1) and the lower housing (2) for sealing the housing.
7. The variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The types of oscillators include: piezoelectric ring oscillators (3), piezoelectric disc oscillators, and rare-earth Terfenol-D oscillators; among which... The piezoelectric ring oscillator (3) includes a piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring (31) and an epoxy glass fiber (32); wherein, the piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring (31) is composed of several piezoelectric ceramic strips assembled along the circumferential direction, and each pair of piezoelectric ceramic strips is connected in a mechanical series and an electrical parallel manner; after the piezoelectric ceramic inlaid ring (31) is assembled, it is fixed by winding with epoxy glass fiber (32).
8. A method for radiating sound waves in water, employing the variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer as described in any one of claims 1-7, comprising the following steps: By applying alternating signals of different frequencies to the piezoelectric ring vibrator (3) through an external cable, the piezoelectric ring vibrator (3) performs radial expansion and contraction movements inside the upper shell (1) and lower shell (2), driving the pre-tightening part (13) to perform radial expansion and contraction movements, thereby transmitting the vibration to the protrusion (11) and the recess (12), realizing the displacement amplification effect, so that the small vibration displacement of the piezoelectric ring vibrator (3) is converted into the large vibration displacement of the upper shell (1) and lower shell (2), and realizes the overall expansion and contraction movement in the water, thereby radiating sound waves in the water.
9. A Cymbal array comprising a variable curvature shell broadband V-shaped bending transducer as described in any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The transducers are Cymbal transducers arranged in an array.