Nursery production and cultivation method for aralia elata seem

Abstract

A nursery production and cultivation method for aralia elata seem relates to the technical field of agricultural planting and comprises the following steps: step 1, nursery planning and soil preparation; step 2, seedling raising; step 3, planting; and step 4, harvesting and processing. The invention provides a nursery production and cultivation method for aralia elata seem, which is suitable for cultivating aralia elata seem in a common nursery land and a large field in the Shandong region, the method for cultivating aralia elata seem in the common nursery land in the Shandong region is described in detail, and the aralia elata seem is cultivated in the nursery land planning and soil preparation, seed treatment, sowing and seedling raising, field management and harvesting and processing. The aralia elata seem cultivation is comprehensively guided. The processes of interplanting, pruning, weed moisture conservation and the like are combined with an ecological environment building technology, so that the production of the aralia elata seem can achieve sustainable development and self-renewal capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating Aralia elata in a nursery. Background Art

[0002] Aralia elata is the tender shoot of Aralia elata, a plant with both medicinal and edible properties. It is rich in vitamins, minerals, amino acids and dietary fiber, and has functions such as antioxidant, enhancing immunity and promoting digestion. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it can replenish qi and activate blood circulation, dispel wind and dampness, and is commonly used to relieve fatigue, joint discomfort and improve physical fitness. It is also a precious wild vegetable, deeply loved by people for its unique delicious taste and rich nutritional value. It is not only a delicious dish on the spring table, but also has certain medicinal value, and is known as the "king of wild vegetables". With the increasing pursuit of healthy diet by people, the cultivation technology of Aralia elata has gradually attracted attention. The previous cultivation technologies were all used for cultivation in mountain forests in the three northeastern provinces (the semi-shady slope or the valley ditch edge is the best), but there are few mountain forests and ecological environments suitable for planting Aralia elata outside the three northeastern provinces. There is no relevant technology for ordinary nursery cultivation, which also restricts the popularization and production of Aralia elata. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for cultivating Aralia elata in a nursery, which can be applied to the cultivation of Aralia elata in ordinary nursery lands and farmlands in Shandong area. The present invention details the method of cultivating Aralia elata in ordinary nursery lands in Shandong area, and comprehensively guides the cultivation of Aralia elata from nursery land planning and soil preparation, seed treatment, sowing and seedling raising, field management to harvesting and processing. The processes such as intercropping method, pruning, and weed moisture conservation incorporate ecological environment construction technologies, enabling the production of Aralia elata to achieve sustainable development and self-renewal ability.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for cultivating Aralia elata in a nursery, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1, nursery land planning and soil preparation;

[0007] Step 2, seedling raising;

[0008] Step 3, planting;

[0009] Step 4, harvesting and processing.

[0010] Preferably, in the above-mentioned Step 1: The soil of the nursery land is selected as slightly acidic to neutral soil with deep soil layer and rich humus, and its pH value is 5.5 - 7. If the pH value is too high, improvement treatment is required; avoid high-temperature and drought-prone and sticky and waterlogging-prone plots as cultivation lands.

[0011] Preferably, in the step 1: the nursery land is sized according to the shape and area of the plots, and the plots are divided, and a drainage ditch is dug every 6-12 meters; the drainage ditch is 1m wide at the top, 0.4m wide at the bottom, and 0.6m deep, and the bottom of the ditch is paved with 100 thick Φ30-50 gravel;

[0012] The land preparation method is to plow the nursery land 25-30 cm deep, collect weeds, rhizomes and stones, spread stones into drainage ditches, and collect weeds and rhizomes for composting; apply 3000-4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer to improve soil fertility and structure.

[0013] Preferably, the step 2 comprises the following specific steps:

[0014] (1) Perform seed treatment;

[0015] (2) sowing and raising seedlings;

[0016] (3) Management during the seedling stage.

[0017] Preferably, the step (1) comprises: the seeds of the young thorn buds are specially treated to break dormancy, i.e., warm water soaking method or stratified sand storage method is adopted; the stratified sand storage method is to mix the seeds and wet sand in a ratio of 1:3, and store them at a low temperature of 0-5°C for 3-4 months, during which the humidity is checked regularly to prevent mildew; the warm water soaking method is to soak the seeds in warm water of about 40°C, stir continuously, and continue to soak for 24 hours after the water temperature drops to room temperature, and then take them out and dry them for sowing.

[0018] Preferably, the step (2) comprises: the sowing time is selected between the time when the soil thaws in spring and before germination; before sowing, the seedbed is leveled and watered, and after the water seeps down, the treated seeds are evenly sown on the seedbed and covered with a layer of fine soil, the thickness of which is preferably such that the seeds are not visible. The mulch is covered to keep the seedbed moist; after sowing, the temperature of the seedbed is maintained at 20-25°C during the day and ≥10°C at night. After about 15-20 days, the seeds can germinate and emerge from the soil.

[0019] Preferably, the step (3) comprises: removing the mulch after germination, spraying water 2-3 times a day to keep the soil moist, and properly ventilating; at the same time, applying fertilizer in time according to the growth of the plants, mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 15-20 kg per mu, to promote the healthy growth of the plants; frequent tillage and weeding during the seedling stage to keep the soil loose and free of weeds, which is conducive to root respiration and nutrient absorption; avoiding root damage during tillage, and the depth of 5-8 cm is appropriate; preparing for transplanting when the seedlings grow to 8-12 cm or 5-6 true leaves.

[0020] Preferably, the step three comprises: interplanting mode: using the interplanting method of prickly ash and thin-shelled pecan to increase production mutually; starting from the third year of planting the prickly ash and thin-shelled pecan, planting polygonatum between the prickly ash rows according to the growth conditions;

[0021] Based on the intercropping cultivation mode for planning and planting, the planting density of Aralia elata is 2 meters in row spacing, 0.7 meters in plant spacing, and 500 plants per mu to ensure ventilation and light transmission; the planting density of Carya illinoinensis is 8 meters in row spacing, 6 meters in plant spacing, and about 14 plants per mu.

[0022] Aralia elata is planted in the way of "burying three times, treading twice and lifting the seedlings once". After planting, leave a hole basin. After watering three times thoroughly, level the hole; after sealing the hole, within a range of 25 cm around the root diameter of Aralia elata, sprinkle 50 cm thick gravel with a diameter of Φ20 - 30; within a range of 40 cm around the root diameter of Carya illinoinensis, sprinkle 50 cm thick gravel with a diameter of Φ20 - 30.

[0023] Preferably, step three further includes: the method of cultivation management, specifically including:

[0024] (31) Watering: In the first 3 months after planting, water thoroughly once every 15 - 20 days; afterwards, depending on the weather conditions, water thoroughly once a month; during the period from late November to February in winter, water the antifreeze water 1 - 2 times; during the harvest period from March to April in spring, water the greening water once every 10 - 15 days.

[0025] (32) Weed moisture preservation:

[0026] The nursery land needs to use weeds for moisture preservation and herbicides are not allowed. Within one year after planting, the weeds within the gravel area around the root diameter need to be regularly removed manually and centrally treated; the weeds in other areas need to be retained and not removed. Whenever the weeds grow to 30 cm high, they are all cut with a lawn mower, leaving a stubble of 5 - 8 cm; within a range of 0.5 m outside Aralia elata, landfill ditches with a length of 2 m, a width of 0.5 m and a depth of 0.3 m are dug at intervals in the same direction. The harvested weeds are concentrated and spread on the bottom of the ditch. Fermented fungus bran needs to be sprinkled in the first two times, and after watering, fill the soil and bury; the weed landfill ditches need to be dug alternately and misaligned, and the same position is not used to landfill weeds within two months.

[0027] (33) Pest and disease control:

[0028] For the diseases such as damping-off and leaf spot, control them by reasonably pruning branches, strengthening ventilation and light transmission, and timely removing diseased leaves; for the pests such as aphids and leaf-eating pests, control them by biological control. When pesticides must be used, pay attention to using safe and low-toxic pesticides.

[0029] (34) Fertilization:

[0030] After heavy pruning during harvesting, topdress in a timely manner according to the growth of the plants, mainly with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers, and topdress 15 - 20 kg per mu; use compost and fully decomposed farmyard manure; before winter, apply the compost at the edge of the field, and when the fertilizer is insufficient, appropriately increase the application of fully decomposed farmyard manure; apply 2000 - 2500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu.

[0031] (35) Pruning:

[0032] In the first year after planting, no pruning is required. Starting from the second year, when the plant grows to a height of 1.5 meters, after the spring harvest is completed, heavy pruning is carried out; the pruning height is 0.5 - 0.7 m; Acanthopanax senticosus has a semi-creeping shape. To control the height and inhibit the branches from lying horizontally and creeping, heavy pruning is required when pruning the horizontally lying and downward branches; Diseased branches and overcrowded branches should be promptly removed; The pruned branches are mechanically crushed and composted at the field head, and then returned to the field before winter.

[0033] (36) Shading:

[0034] Within 3 years after the pecan takes root and is fixed in the ground, appropriate shading treatment is required from late spring to early autumn; From May to September every year, a single-layer sunshade net with a height of 1.8 - 2 meters and a light filtration rate of 30% is set up between Acanthopanax senticosus and pecan.

[0035] Preferably, step four includes the following specific steps:

[0036] The harvesting period of Acanthopanax senticosus is in spring. When the tender buds grow to 10 - 15 cm in length and are not yet lignified, they can be harvested; When harvesting, the principle of "harvesting the large ones and leaving the small ones, harvesting the dense ones and leaving the sparse ones" should be adopted to maintain the continuous growth ability of the plant.

[0037] The method for nursery production and cultivation of Acanthopanax senticosus in the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] The method provided by the present invention can be applied to the cultivation of Acanthopanax senticosus in ordinary nursery lands and farmlands in Shandong region. The present invention details the method for cultivating Acanthopanax senticosus in ordinary nursery lands in Shandong region, guiding the cultivation of Acanthopanax senticosus in all aspects from nursery land planning and soil preparation, seed treatment, sowing and seedling raising, field management to harvesting and processing. The processes such as intercropping method, pruning, and weed moisture conservation incorporate ecological environment construction technologies, enabling the production of Acanthopanax senticosus to achieve sustainable development and self-renewal ability. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planting plan distribution for a 12-meter nursery land;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planting plan distribution for an 8-meter nursery land;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planting plan distribution for a 6-meter nursery land;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the interval burial of weeds (in the figure, the marks 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively indicate the positions of weed burial). Detailed Embodiments

[0043] As described below, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in a step-by-step manner. This description is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, specific orientation structure, and operation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0045] In the initial embodiment, a cultivation method for the nursery production of Aralia elata seedlings of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Nursery land planning and soil preparation;

[0047] Step 2: Seedling raising;

[0048] Step 3: Planting;

[0049] Step 4: Harvesting and processing.

[0050] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-3 shown, in Step 1: For the nursery land, soil with a deep layer and rich humus, slightly acidic to neutral soil is selected, with a pH value of 5.5 - 7. If the pH value is too high, improvement treatment is required; avoid high-temperature and drought-prone and sticky and waterlogging-prone plots as cultivation lands.

[0051] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-3 shown, in Step 1: The size of the nursery land is determined according to the shape and area of the plot, and the plot is divided. A drainage ditch is dug every 6 - 12 meters; the upper width of the drainage ditch is 1m, the lower width is 0.4m, and the depth is 0.6m. A 100 - thick layer of Φ30 - 50 gravel is laid at the bottom of the ditch; the soil dug from the drainage ditch can be spread to the central area of the nursery land to raise the terrain and increase the drainage capacity of the nursery land;

[0052] The method of soil preparation is to deeply plow the nursery land by 25 - 30 cm, concentrate the treatment of weeds, rhizomes, and stones, lay the stones in the drainage ditch, and concentrate the weeds and rhizomes for composting; 3000 - 4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied per mu as a base fertilizer to improve soil fertility and structure.

[0053] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-3 shown, Step 2 includes the following specific steps:

[0054] (1) Conduct seed treatment;

[0055] (2) Sowing and seedling raising;

[0056] (3) Seedling stage management.

[0057] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-3 shown, step (1) includes: The seeds of Aralia elata are treated specially to break dormancy, that is, the warm water soaking method or the stratification method is adopted; The stratification method is to mix the seeds and wet sand evenly at a ratio of 1:3, store them at a low temperature of 0-5°C for 3-4 months, and regularly check the humidity during this period to prevent mildew; The warm water soaking method is to soak the seeds in warm water at about 40°C, stir constantly, continue to soak for 24 hours after the water temperature drops to room temperature, and then fish them out and dry them for sowing.

[0058] In Qingdao, the seeds are treated by outdoor underground stratification in late October, and can be sown in March of the following year.

[0059] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-3 shown, step (2) includes: The sowing time is generally selected from after the spring soil thaws to before germination. In the Qingdao area, sowing is carried out in the middle and late March. Before sowing, first level the seedbed, pour enough bottom water, and after the water seeps down, evenly spread the treated seeds on the seedbed, cover a layer of fine soil, and the thickness should be such that the seeds are not visible. Cover the plastic film to keep the seedbed moist. After sowing, pay attention to keeping the temperature of the seedbed, control it at 20-25°C during the day and ≥10°C at night. After about 15-20 days, the seeds can germinate and emerge from the soil.

[0060] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-4 shown, step (3) includes: After germination, remove the plastic film, spray water 2-3 times a day to keep the soil moist, and ventilate properly; At the same time, topdress in a timely manner according to the growth of the plants, mainly with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers, applying 15-20 kg per mu to promote the strong growth of the plants; During the seedling stage, it is necessary to cultivate the land and remove weeds frequently to keep the soil loose and weed-free, which is beneficial to root respiration and nutrient absorption; Avoid damaging the roots during cultivation, and the depth should be appropriate at 5-8 cm; When the seedlings grow to 8-12 cm (spines appear on the stem) or have 5-6 true leaves, they are ready for transplanting.

[0061] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-4 shown, step three includes:

[0062] Mode 1, intercropping and planting mode:

[0063] Adopt the intercropping method of Aralia elata and Carya illinoinensis to increase production mutually; Carya illinoinensis provides suitable shade for Aralia elata without affecting the growth of Aralia elata;

[0064] The above-ground and underground growth spaces of Carya illinoinensis and Aralia elata do not interfere with each other, and they have similar growth environment requirements. The understory space provided by Carya illinoinensis is the best growth space for Aralia elata. The juice secreted by Carya illinoinensis has a certain inhibitory effect on the diseases prone to Aralia elata, reducing the occurrence of diseases. The comparison of habits is shown in the following table:

[0065] Habitat Comparison Aralia elata Carya illinoinensis Root Growth Space Shallow Root System Deep Root System Above-ground Growth Space Lower space (<3 m) High-level Space (>4m) Harvest Time Early Spring (March - April) Late Autumn (October - November) Soil Slightly Acidic, Loose Slightly Acidic, Loose Sunshine Semi-sunshine Full Sunshine Wind Resistance Weak, Requiring Appropriate Protection Strong, Can Be Used as a Windbreak

[0066] Starting from the third year of the planting of Aralia elata and Carya illinoinensis, according to the growth situation, Polygonatum sibiricum is planted between the rows of Aralia elata; Polygonatum sibiricum not only has ecological mutual benefit with Aralia elata, but also maximizes the use of land to increase production and income;

[0067] Mode 2. Planning and planting based on Mode 1:

[0068] Planting density of Aralia elata: row spacing is 2 meters, plant spacing is 0.7 meters, about 500 plants per mu, ensuring ventilation and light transmission.

[0069] Planting density of Carya illinoinensis: row spacing is 8 meters, plant spacing is 6 meters, about 14 plants per mu.

[0070] Schematic diagram of planting plan Figures 1-3 as shown;

[0071] Aralia elata is planted in the way of "burying three times, stepping on twice and lifting the seedlings". After planting, a hole basin needs to be left. After watering three times thoroughly, the hole is sealed flat. After sealing the hole, within a range of 25 cm around the root diameter of Aralia elata, spread 50 thick Φ20-30 crushed stones; within a range of 40 cm around the root diameter of Carya illinoinensis, spread 50 thick Φ20-30 crushed stones. The crushed stone layer on the flat hole can play the roles of water retention, fertilizer retention, waterlogging drainage, air permeability and anti-scouring.

[0072] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-4 shown, step (3) further includes: the method of cultivation management, specifically including:

[0073] (31) Watering: In the first 3 months after planting, water thoroughly once every 15-20 days; afterwards, depending on the weather conditions, water thoroughly once a month; during the period from late November to February in winter, water the antifreeze water 1-2 times; during the harvest period from March to April in spring, water the greening water once every 10-15 days;

[0074] (32) Weed and keep soil moisture:

[0075] The nursery land needs to be conserved moisture by weeds, and herbicides are not allowed. Within one year after planting, weeds in the gravel area at the root diameter need to be manually removed regularly and centrally treated; weeds in other areas need to be retained and not removed. Whenever the weeds grow to 30 cm in height, they are all harvested with a lawn mower, leaving a stubble of 5 - 8 cm; outside the 0.5 m range of Aralia elata, landfill trenches with a length of 2 m, a width of 0.5 m, and a depth of 0.3 m are dug at intervals in the same direction. The harvested weeds are concentrated and spread on the bottom of the trench. Fermented fungus bran needs to be sprinkled in the first two times, and after watering, the soil is filled and buried; the weed landfill trenches need to be dug alternately and staggeredly, and the same position is not reused to landfill weeds within two months;

[0076] (33) Pest and disease control:

[0077] For the diseases damping-off and leaf spot, control can be achieved through reasonable pruning, enhancing ventilation and light transmission, and timely removing diseased leaves; for the pests aphids and leaf-eating pests, biological control is adopted. When pesticides must be used, attention should be paid to using safe and low-toxic pesticides;

[0078] (34) Fertilization:

[0079] After heavy pruning during harvesting, topdressing is carried out in a timely manner according to the growth situation of the plants, mainly using nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizers, with 15 - 20 kg applied per mu; compost and fully decomposed farmyard manure are used; before winter, the compost at the field edge is applied. When the fertilizer is insufficient, appropriately increase the application of fully decomposed farmyard manure; 2000 - 2500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer is applied per mu;

[0080] (35) Pruning:

[0081] Pruning is not required in the first year after planting; starting from the second year, when the plant growth height reaches 1.5 m, after the spring harvest is completed, heavy pruning is carried out; the pruning height is 0.5 - 0.7 m; Aralia elata has a semi-prostrate shape, and the height is controlled to inhibit the branches from lying horizontally and prostrate. When pruning the horizontally lying and downward branches, heavy pruning is required; diseased branches and overcrowded branches need to be removed in a timely manner; the pruned branches are mechanically crushed and composted at the field edge, and returned to the field before winter;

[0082] (36) Shading:

[0083] Within 3 years after the pecan takes root and is established, appropriate shading treatment is required from late spring to early autumn; from May to September every year, a single-layer sunshade net with a height of 1.8 - 2 m and a light filtration rate of 30% is set up between Aralia elata and pecan.

[0084] In a further embodiment, as Figures 1-4 shown, step four includes the following specific steps:

[0085] The harvesting period of Aralia elata is in spring. When the tender shoots grow to 10 - 15 cm in length and have not yet lignified, they can be harvested; when harvesting, the principle of "harvesting the large ones and leaving the small ones, harvesting the dense ones and leaving the sparse ones" should be adopted to maintain the continuous growth ability of the plants.

[0086] The cultivation technology of Aralia elata involves multiple links. From land selection, planning and soil preparation to harvesting and processing, every step requires careful management. Through scientific cultivation techniques and reasonable field management, not only can the cultivation in nursery fields be successful, but also the yield and quality of Aralia elata can be improved, effectively promoting agricultural efficiency increase and farmers' income increase.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating young shoots of prickly ash in nursery, characterized by comprising the following steps: Step 1: Nursery site planning and land preparation; Step 2: Raising seedlings; Step 3: Planting; Step 4: Harvesting and processing.

2. The cultivation method of Aralia elata nursery production according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step 1, the nursery soil is selected to be slightly acidic to neutral soil with a deep soil layer and rich humus, and its pH value is 5.5-7. If the pH value is too high, it needs to be improved; avoid high temperature and drought and sticky and easily flooded land as the cultivation land.

3. The cultivation method for nursery production of Aralia elata as described in claim 1 is characterized in that, In the step 1, the nursery is sized according to the shape and area of the plots, and the plots are divided, and a drainage ditch is dug every 6-12 meters; the drainage ditch is 1m wide at the top, 0.4m wide at the bottom, and 0.6m deep, and the bottom of the ditch is paved with 100 thick Φ30-50 gravel; The land preparation method is to plow the nursery land 25-30 cm deep, collect weeds, rhizomes and stones, spread stones into drainage ditches, and collect weeds and rhizomes for composting; apply 3000-4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu as base fertilizer to improve soil fertility and structure.

4. The method for cultivating the young thorn buds in nursery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 2 comprises the following specific steps: (1) Perform seed treatment; (2) sowing and raising seedlings; (3) Management during the seedling stage.

5. The cultivation method of Aralia elata nursery production according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step (1) comprises: the seeds of the young thorn buds are specially treated to break dormancy, i.e., a warm water seed soaking method or a stratified sand storage method is adopted; the stratified sand storage method is to mix the seeds and wet sand in a ratio of 1:3, and store them at a low temperature of 0-5°C for 3-4 months, during which the humidity is regularly checked to prevent mildew; the warm water seed soaking method is to soak the seeds in warm water of about 40°C, stir them continuously, and continue to soak them for 24 hours after the water temperature drops to room temperature, and then take them out and dry them for sowing.

6. The cultivation method of Aralia elata nursery production according to claim 5, characterized in that, The step (2) comprises: the sowing time is selected from the time when the soil thaws in spring to before germination; before sowing, the seedbed is leveled and watered, and after the water seeps down, the treated seeds are evenly sown on the seedbed and covered with a layer of fine soil, the thickness of which is preferably such that the seeds are not visible. The mulch is covered to keep the seedbed moist; after sowing, the temperature of the seedbed is kept at 20-25°C during the day and ≥10°C at night. After about 15-20 days, the seeds can germinate and emerge from the soil.

7. The cultivation method for nursery production of Aralia elata as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step (3) comprises: removing the mulch after germination, spraying water 2-3 times a day to keep the soil moist, and properly ventilating; at the same time, applying fertilizer in time according to the growth of the plants, mainly using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, and applying 15-20 kg per mu to promote the healthy growth of the plants; frequent inter-row cultivation and weeding during the seedling stage to keep the soil loose and free of weeds, which is conducive to root respiration and nutrient absorption; avoiding damaging the root system during inter-row cultivation, and the depth is preferably 5-8 cm; and preparing for transplanting when the seedlings grow to 8-12 cm or 5-6 true leaves.

8. The cultivation method of Acanthopanax senticosus nursery production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step three comprises: interplanting mode: using the interplanting method of prickly ash and thin-shelled pecan to increase production mutually; starting from the third year of planting the prickly ash and thin-shelled pecan, planting polygonatum between the prickly ash rows according to the growth conditions; The planting is planned based on the intercropping cultivation mode. The planting density of prickly ash is 2 meters in row and 0.7 meters in plant, with 500 plants per mu, ensuring ventilation and light transmission; the planting density of thin-shelled pecan is 8 meters in row and 6 meters in plant, with about 14 plants per mu; The Aralia elata is planted in the way of "burying three times, trampling twice and lifting the seedlings once". After planting, leave a hole basin. After watering thoroughly three times, level the hole; after leveling the hole, sprinkle 50 cm thick gravel with a diameter of Φ20-30 within a range of 25 cm around the root diameter of the Aralia elata; for the Carya illinoinensis, sprinkle 50 cm thick gravel with a diameter of Φ20-30 within a range of 40 cm around the root diameter.

9. The cultivation method for Acanthopanax senticosus nursery production according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step three described above further includes: the cultivation management method, specifically including: (31) Watering: In the first 3 months after planting, water thoroughly once every 15-20 days; afterwards, depending on the weather conditions, water thoroughly once a month; during the period from late November to February in winter, water the antifreeze water 1-2 times; during the harvesting period from March to April in spring, water the greening water once every 10-15 days. (32) Weed moisture retention: The nursery land needs to use weeds for moisture retention and herbicides shall not be used. Within one year after planting, the weeds within the gravel area around the root diameter need to be regularly removed manually and centrally treated; the weeds in other areas need to be retained and not removed. Whenever the weeds grow to 30 cm in height, they are all harvested with a lawn mower, leaving a stubble of 5-8 cm; outside the range of 0.5 m from the Aralia elata, landfill ditches with a length of 2 m, a width of 0.5 m and a depth of 0.3 m are dug at intervals in the forward direction. The harvested weeds are concentrated and spread on the bottom of the ditch. Fermented bacterial bran needs to be sprinkled in the first two times, and after watering, fill the ditch with soil; the weed landfill ditches need to be dug in a staggered manner and the same position for landfill of weeds shall not be repeated within two months. (33) Pest and disease control: For the diseases such as damping-off and leaf spot, control them by reasonably pruning branches, strengthening ventilation and light transmission, and timely removing diseased leaves; for the pests such as aphids and leaf-eating pests, control them by biological control. When pesticides must be used, pay attention to using pesticides with low toxicity and safety. (34) Fertilization: After heavy pruning during harvesting, top-dress fertilizers in a timely manner according to the growth conditions of the plants, mainly using nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers, and top-dress 15-20 kg per mu; use compost and fully decomposed farmyard manure; before winter, apply the compost at the field edge. When the fertilizer is insufficient, appropriately increase the application of fully decomposed farmyard manure; apply 2000-2500 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu. (35) Pruning: Pruning is not required in the first year after planting; starting from the second year, when the plant grows to a height of 1.5 m and after the spring harvest is over, conduct heavy pruning; the pruning height is 0.5-0.7 m; the Aralia elata has a semi-prostrate shape, control the height to inhibit the branches from lying horizontally and prostrate. When pruning the horizontally lying and downward branches, heavy pruning is required; diseased branches and over-dense branches need to be removed in a timely manner; the pruned branches are mechanically crushed and composted at the field edge, and returned to the field before winter. (36) Shading: Within 3 years after the Carya illinoinensis takes root and is fixed in the seedlings, appropriate shading treatment is required from late spring to early autumn; from May to September every year, set up a single-layer sunshade net with a height of 1.8-2 m and a light filtration rate of 30% between the Aralia elata and the Carya illinoinensis.

10. The cultivation method of Aralia elata nursery production according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step four described above includes the following specific steps: The harvesting period of the Aralia elata is in spring. When the tender shoots grow to 10-15 cm in length and are not yet lignified, they can be harvested; when harvesting, the principle of "harvesting the large ones and leaving the small ones, harvesting the dense ones and leaving the sparse ones" should be adopted to maintain the continuous growth ability of the plants.

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