Tapered hole forming device, connecting gusset plate and tapered hole machining and forming method

Abstract

The invention discloses a taper hole forming device, a connecting gusset plate and a taper hole machining and forming method, and relates to the field of friction welding. The taper hole forming device is applied to machining forming of taper holes in the connecting gusset plate, one taper hole is used for containing one taper friction welding island, and the connecting gusset plate can fasten and connect at least two pieces to be connected based on the friction welding technology through cooperation of multiple sets of taper holes and the taper friction welding islands. The taper hole forming device comprises a drill bit and a plurality of cutting tools. A plurality of cutter mounting grooves are formed in the circumferential side wall of the drill bit; one side of each cutting tool is embedded in one tool installation groove, the other side of each cutting tool is provided with a cutting structure with the size gradually changed, the extending direction of the cutting structures is consistent with the axis direction of the drill bit, and the inclination angle of the cutting structures relative to the axis of the drill bit ranges from 1 degree to 5 degrees. Therefore, the service life of the cutter can be prolonged, the machining efficiency and machining quality of the conical hole are improved, the machining cost of the conical hole is reduced, and the conical hole can better exert the shearing resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of friction welding. Specifically, it relates to a tapered hole forming device, a connecting node plate, and a processing and forming method for tapered holes. Background Art

[0002] In the field of friction welding, traditional tapered hole forming equipment has many problems. Among them, for the equipment that forms holes in two steps, it usually first processes an equal-diameter cylindrical hole, and then forms an enlarged hole with a gradually changing diameter and a taper through hole shape trimming. Since it is necessary to clamp the tool twice, the clamping time becomes longer, and the processing efficiency is extremely low. Multiple clampings may also cause position deviation of the workpiece (connecting node plate) during the two clamping processes, thereby affecting the processing accuracy of the tapered hole; forming holes in two steps is likely to cause the accumulation of processing errors, and the processing accuracy becomes even lower; in addition, the two-step hole forming process is more complex, requires more equipment, more manpower input, and more operation steps, and the cost remains high.

[0003] Even for the tools and equipment that form holes in one step, due to the large difference in the cutting amount in the height direction during the processing of tapered holes, the tool will be subjected to different magnitudes of cutting reaction forces during the processing, and the wear amount of the tool is relatively large. The uneven cutting reaction forces will also cause uneven wear of the tool, thereby shortening the service life of the tool. In the production process of batch hole forming, the frequent replacement of tools not only increases the production cost but also reduces the production efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, the tool structure design, tool cost, and tool life play an extremely important role in the formation of tapered holes, especially in batch hole forming production, and play a key role in improving the welding quality in the field of friction welding. In order to overcome the deficiencies of the above traditional methods, it is necessary to develop new tapered hole forming technologies and equipment to improve the processing efficiency of tapered holes, reduce costs, improve the processing accuracy of tapered holes, extend the service life of tools, and improve the problem that the side wall of the tapered hole on the connecting node plate does not match the tapered welding island and it is difficult to exert the shear resistance performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a tapered hole forming device, a connecting node plate, and a processing and forming method for tapered holes, which can extend the tool life, improve the processing efficiency and quality of tapered holes, reduce the processing cost of tapered holes, and enable the tapered holes to better exert the shear resistance performance.

[0006] The embodiments of this application are implemented as follows: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a conical hole forming device, which is applied to the processing and forming of conical holes on a connecting node plate. One conical hole is used to accommodate one conical friction welding island. The connecting node plate can tightly connect at least two to-be-connected parts based on the friction welding process through the cooperation of multiple groups of conical holes and conical friction welding islands; the conical hole forming device includes a drill bit and multiple cutting tools. Among them, a plurality of tool mounting grooves are provided on the circumferential side wall of the drill bit; one side of each cutting tool is embedded in a tool mounting groove, and the other side of each cutting tool has a cutting structure with a gradually changing size. The extending direction of the cutting structure is consistent with the axial direction of the drill bit, and the inclination angle of the cutting structure relative to the axis of the drill bit is 1 degree to 5 degrees.

[0007] In some embodiments, during the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the attacking end; along the axial direction away from the attacking end, the thickness of the cutting structure gradually increases.

[0008] In some embodiments, during the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the attacking end; the cutting tool is a rectangular tool with a constant width and a constant thickness. Along the axial direction away from the attacking end, the depth of the tool mounting groove gradually decreases, and the width of the cutting structure gradually increases.

[0009] In some embodiments, during the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the attacking end; the cutting tool is a trapezoidal tool with a gradually changing width. Along the axial direction away from the attacking end, the width of the cutting structure gradually increases.

[0010] In some embodiments, during the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the attacking end; along the axial direction away from the attacking end, the number of tool mounting grooves and cutting tools increases.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cutting structure includes a forward cutting edge and a reverse cutting edge. The forward cutting edge and the reverse cutting edge are respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting structure. The forward cutting edge is used to process the conical hole when the drill bit rotates forward, and the reverse cutting edge is used to process the conical hole when the drill bit rotates backward. In some embodiments, one end of the drill bit is the attacking end, and the other end of the drill bit is the clamping end. The cutting tool is arranged between the attacking end and the clamping end; the conical hole forming device further includes a stroke control component, and the stroke control component is connected to the clamping end.

[0012] Second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a connecting node plate, and the tapered holes on the connecting node plate are processed by the tapered hole forming device provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application; wherein, one tapered hole is used to accommodate one tapered friction welding island, and the connecting node plate can fasten at least two to-be-connected parts based on the friction welding process through the cooperation of multiple groups of tapered holes and tapered friction welding islands; the connecting node plate includes multiple tapered holes, and the multiple tapered holes are arranged at equal intervals.

[0013] Third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for processing and forming a tapered hole. The method for processing and forming a tapered hole is applied to the tapered hole forming device provided in any embodiment of the first aspect of the present application; the method for processing and forming a tapered hole includes: controlling the tapered hole forming device to perform rotary feeding in a direction perpendicular to the connecting node plate at the drilling position; wherein, the cutting angle of the cutting tool is greater than 80 degrees; based on the inner diameter of the open end of the tapered hole, controlling the tapered hole forming device to stop feeding when the feeding stroke reaches a preset stroke, and the inner diameter of the open end corresponds to the cutting dimension of the cutting tool at the preset stroke.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tapered hole forming device includes a forward cutting edge and a reverse cutting edge respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting tool. The method for processing and forming a tapered hole further includes: during the rotary feeding process, controlling the tapered hole forming device to switch the rotation direction according to the unit time length, so as to grind the reverse cutting edge when the forward cutting edge performs the cutting work, and grind the forward cutting edge when the reverse cutting edge performs the cutting work.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are as follows: The tapered hole forming device provided by the present application can process and form a tapered hole after the drill bit and multiple cutting tools are cooperated once the tool is clamped, significantly improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy and simplifying the processing steps; the cutting structure with gradually changing dimensions in the tapered hole forming device can reasonably allocate the cutting amount at different heights of the tapered hole, and the wear amount of the tool is more average, extending the service life of the tool, thereby reducing the tool cost and processing cost; the design of the cutting structure with gradually changing dimensions also allows the tapered hole forming device to adaptively adjust its feeding stroke when processing the tapered hole based on the characteristics of gradually changing dimensions after the tool is significantly worn, so as to re-invest in the cutting processing of the tapered hole, reducing the tool replacement frequency and improving the applicability and practicability of the cutting tool; the setting that the cutting structure has gradually changing dimensions, the extending direction is consistent with the axis direction of the drill bit, and the inclination angle is 1 degree to 5 degrees can make the cutting force of the tool evenly distributed during the processing of the tapered hole, reduce vibration and deformation, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the tapered hole, and can also make the cooperation between the processed and formed tapered hole and the tapered friction welding island closer, realizing better coaxiality and concentricity, and the tapered hole can better exert the anti-shear performance, thereby improving the connection quality between the connecting node plate and the to-be-connected parts. Description of the Drawings

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present application, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an application scenario in which a connection node plate shown in some embodiments of the present application is matched with a tapered friction welding island through a tapered hole, and at least two to-be-connected members are connected based on the friction welding process; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tapered hole forming device shown in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 It is a first perspective view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 It is a second perspective view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 It is a side view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 It is a top view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 It is a first perspective view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 9 It is a second perspective view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 10 It is a side view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 11 It is a top view of a tapered hole forming device shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 12 It is a schematic flowchart of a method for processing and forming a tapered hole shown in some embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Icons: 110 - Tool mounting groove; 111 - Penetrating end; 112 - Clamping end; 115 - Main body; 116 - Introduction part; 11 - Drill bit; 120 - Cutting structure; 121 - Trapezoidal tool; 122 - Rectangular tool; 123 - Forward cutting edge; 124 - Reverse cutting edge; 12 - Cutting tool; 13 - Stroke control component; 1 - Tapered hole forming device; 20 - Tapered hole; 2 - Connecting node plate; 30 - Outer wall of the circumferential of the tapered friction welding island; 3 - Tapered friction welding island; 4 - Parts to be connected; A - Axis direction away from the penetrating end; V - Width of the cutting structure; T - Depth of the tool mounting groove; W - Thickness of the cutting structure; α - Tilt angle. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive distinction, do not represent the serial number of arrangement, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In addition, the terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "overhanging", etc. do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this application is usually placed during use. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements.

[0023] The technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the application scenario where the connecting node plate 2 cooperates with the tapered friction welding island 3 through the tapered hole 20 and firmly connects at least two parts to be connected 4 based on the friction welding process. As Figure 1As shown, the connecting node plate 2 can be laid on the same side of at least two to-be-connected members 4. The connecting node plate 2 can exist in the form of a metal plate structure. The connecting node plate 2 has a plurality of tapered holes 20 penetrating through both end faces of the plate member. The central axis of the tapered hole 20 is generally perpendicular to the end face of the connecting node plate 2.

[0025] Among them, one tapered hole 20 is used to accommodate one tapered friction welding pad, and the tapered hole 20 can be fixedly connected to the tapered friction welding pad based on the friction welding process. Specifically, after the tapered friction welding island 3 is inserted into the tapered hole 20, it is advanced towards the to-be-connected member 4 in a rotary manner by a welding device. When the tapered friction welding island 3 rotates and advances, the heat generated and accumulated due to frictional contact with the to-be-connected member 4 causes the part of the tapered friction welding island 3 in frictional contact with the to-be-connected member 4 to continuously melt, and then squeezes into the gap inside the tapered friction welding island 3, between the tapered friction welding island 3 and the tapered hole 20, and between the tapered friction welding island 3 and the to-be-connected member 4. The melt recombines the tapered friction welding island 3, the to-be-connected member 4, and the connecting node plate 2 to achieve the fixed connection of the tapered friction welding island 3, the connecting node plate 2, and the to-be-connected member 4.

[0026] The tapered hole forming device 1, the connecting node plate 2, the processing and forming method of the tapered hole 20 provided by the embodiments of the present application, and the usage method of the connecting node plate 2 based on the friction welding process provided by the above embodiments can be widely applied to the fields of industrial mechanical equipment and engineering structural members, and can be widely applied to operation scenarios such as bridge and building construction.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is a schematic structural diagram of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some embodiments of the present application. Please combine Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a tapered hole forming device 1. The tapered hole forming device 1 is applied to the processing and forming of the tapered hole 20 on the connecting node plate 2. One tapered hole 20 is used to accommodate one tapered friction welding island 3. The connecting node plate 2 can fixedly connect at least two to-be-connected members 4 based on the friction welding process through the cooperation of multiple groups of tapered holes 20 and tapered friction welding islands 3.

[0028] The tapered hole forming device 1 includes a drill bit 11 and a plurality of cutting tools 12. Among them, a plurality of tool mounting grooves 110 are provided on the circumferential side wall of the drill bit 11; one side of each cutting tool 12 is embedded in a tool mounting groove 110, and the other side of each cutting tool 12 has a cutting structure 120 with a gradually changing size. The extending direction of the cutting structure 120 is consistent with the axis direction of the drill bit 11, and the inclination angle α of the cutting structure 120 relative to the axis of the drill bit 11 is 1 degree to 5 degrees.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present application, the cutting structure 120 refers to the part of the cutting tool 12 other than the part embedded in the tool mounting groove 110, and the part that protrudes outwardly from the circumferential side wall of the drill bit 11 and participates in the cutting process of the tapered hole 20. Specifically, the drill bit 11 can be a drill bit 11 with a constant diameter or a tapered drill bit 11 whose head end gradually shrinks radially inward; the drill bit 11 can be a hollow drill or a solid drill. When the drill bit 11 is a hollow drill, the internal through hole can be set to have a constant diameter.

[0030] Furthermore, multiple tool mounting grooves 110 can be evenly arranged around the axis of the drill bit 11; the cutting tool 12 can be a trapezoidal tool 121 or a rectangular tool 122. In the embodiments of the present application, the trapezoidal tool 121 refers to a tool whose end face forming the cutting edge or the cross-section extending in the same direction as the cutting edge is approximately or completely trapezoidal, and the rectangular tool 122 refers to a tool whose end face forming the cutting edge or the cross-section extending in the same direction as the cutting edge is approximately or completely rectangular. The cutting tool 12 can be set in the form of a double-section tool. For multiple cutting tools 12 with the same structural form and mounting form, the corresponding tool mounting grooves 110 can be symmetric based on the axis of the drill bit 11.

[0031] Furthermore, the size of the cutting structure 120 gradually changes, which means that the width V or the thickness W of the cutting structure gradually changes. The width V of the cutting structure can refer to the vertical distance or the straight-line distance between the cutting edge (the cutting head of the cutting structure 120) and the circumferential outer wall of the drill bit 11; the thickness W of the cutting structure, when the cutting structure 120 includes two cutting edges for forward cutting and reverse cutting respectively, can refer to the vertical distance, the circumferential distance or the straight-line distance between the two cutting edges; or, the thickness W of the cutting structure can refer to the vertical distance, the circumferential distance or the straight-line distance between the outermost cutting edge and the other side edge with respect to the circumferential outer wall of the drill bit 11.

[0032] The conical hole forming device 1 provided by the present application can, through the cooperation of the drill bit 11 and multiple cutting tools 12, machine and form a conical hole 20 after the tools are clamped in one go, significantly improving the machining efficiency and precision and simplifying the machining steps; in the conical hole forming device 1, the cutting structure 120 with gradually changing dimensions can reasonably distribute the cutting amount at different heights of the conical hole 20, and the wear amount of the tool is more evenly distributed, extending the service life of the tool, thereby reducing the tool cost and machining cost; the design of the cutting structure 120 with gradually changing dimensions also allows the conical hole forming device 1 to adaptively adjust its feed stroke when machining the conical hole 20 based on the characteristic of gradually changing dimensions after the tool is significantly worn, so as to resume machining the conical hole 20, reducing the tool replacement frequency and improving the applicability and practicability of the cutting tool 12; the setting that the cutting structure 120 has gradually changing dimensions, the extension direction is consistent with the axis direction of the drill bit 11, and the inclination angle α is 1 degree to 5 degrees can make the cutting force of the tool evenly distributed during the machining process of the conical hole 20, reducing vibration and deformation, thereby improving the machining precision of the conical hole 20, and can also make the machined conical hole 20 fit more closely with the conical friction welding island 3, achieving better coaxiality and concentricity, and the conical hole 20 can better exert its anti-shear performance, thereby improving the connection quality between the connecting node plate 2 and the to-be-connected part 4.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which is a schematic structural diagram of the conical hole forming device 1 shown in some other embodiments of the present application. Please combine Figures 1 to 3 as shown, the gradual change in the dimensions of the cutting structure 120 can be achieved through various installation forms and structural forms.

[0034] In some embodiments, during the machining and forming process of the conical hole 20, the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the connecting node plate 2 is the attacking end 111; along the axis direction A away from the attacking end, the thickness W of the cutting structure gradually increases.

[0035] Furthermore, the attacking end 111 can be set to be conical. The inclination of the surface where the cutting head part of the cutting structure 120 (i.e., the outermost part of the cutting structure 120 relative to the drill bit 11) is located can be set according to the preset inclination angle of the circumferential inner wall of the conical hole 20, and usually takes a value of 1 degree to 5 degrees. The thickness W of the cutting structure gradually changes, that is, the thickness of the cutting head part on the cutting structure 120 changes with the diameter of the conical hole 20. The cutting head is thin at the part with a small diameter and thick at the part with a large diameter. For example, the cutting tool 12 is a double-section structure, that is, the thickness W of the cutting structure is from bottom to top in the axis direction of the drill bit 11 ( Figures 2 to 3In the up and down direction), it gradually increases. The thickness of the cutting structure 120 at different height positions has a positive correlation with the cutting amount corresponding to that height position. From the end with a smaller inner diameter of the tapered hole 20 to the end with a larger inner diameter of the tapered hole 20, the cutting amount corresponding to the cutting structure 120 gradually increases.

[0036] In some embodiments, during the machining and forming process of the tapered hole 20, the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the connecting node plate 2 is the entering end 111; the cutting tool 12 can be a rectangular tool 122 with a constant width and a constant thickness. Along the axial direction A away from the entering end, the depth T of the tool mounting groove gradually decreases, so that the width V of the cutting structure gradually increases. In the embodiment of the present application, the tapered hole forming device 1 can open a tool mounting groove 110 with a gradually changing depth T on a drill bit 11 with an equal diameter, so that the cutting tool 12 embedded in the tool mounting groove 110 has a cutting structure 120 with a gradually changing width.

[0037] In some embodiments, during the machining and forming process of the tapered hole 20, the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the connecting node plate 2 is the entering end 111; the cutting tool 12 is a trapezoidal tool 121 with a gradually changing width, and along the axial direction A away from the entering end, the width V of the cutting structure gradually increases. In the embodiment of the present application, the tapered hole forming device 1 can open a tool mounting groove 110 with a constant depth T on a drill bit 11 with an equal diameter, and then realize the gradual change of the width V of the cutting structure through the gradually changing width of the cutting tool 12 itself.

[0038] In some embodiments, during the machining and forming process of the tapered hole 20, the end of the drill bit 11 that first contacts the connecting node plate 2 is the entering end 111; along the axial direction A away from the entering end, the number of the tool mounting groove 110 and the cutting tool 12 increases. In the embodiment of the present application, the tapered hole forming device 1 can increase the tools based on the change of the cutting amount at different height positions. For example, two cutting tools 12 can be arranged at the part with a small cutting amount, and 3 to 5 (or more) tools can be arranged at the part with a large cutting amount.

[0039] In some embodiments, the cutting structure 120 includes a forward cutting edge 123 and a reverse cutting edge 124. The forward cutting edge 123 and the reverse cutting edge 124 are respectively disposed on two sides of the cutting structure 120. The forward cutting edge 123 is used to machine the tapered hole 20 when the drill bit 11 rotates forward, and the reverse cutting edge 124 is used to machine the tapered hole 20 when the drill bit 11 rotates in reverse. In the embodiments of the present application, the cutting tool 12 provided with both the forward cutting edge 123 and the reverse cutting edge 124 can also be called a double-section tool. When the tapered hole forming device 1 rotates forward, the tapered hole 20 is machined through the forward cutting edge 123. At the same time, the frictional contact between the tapered hole 20 and the reverse cutting edge 124 helps to polish the reverse cutting edge 124. Correspondingly, when the tapered hole forming device 1 rotates in reverse, the tapered hole 20 is machined through the reverse cutting edge 124. At the same time, the frictional contact between the tapered hole 20 and the forward cutting edge 123 helps to polish the forward cutting edge 123.

[0040] In some embodiments, one end of the drill bit 11 is an entering end 111, and the other end of the drill bit 11 is a clamping end 112. The cutting tool 12 is disposed between the entering end 111 and the clamping end 112. The tapered hole forming device 1 further includes a stroke control member 13, and the stroke control member 13 is connected to the clamping end 112. Further, the stroke control member 13 can be a scale-type stroke control member 13 or a contact-type stroke control member 13 to more accurately control the machining feed amount of the tapered hole forming device. Or, the stroke control member 13 can be a limit member with an adjustable total stroke or unit stroke and capable of being locked to accurately control the feed amount of the tapered hole forming device 1 and improve the dimensional machining accuracy of the tapered hole 20.

[0041] In some embodiments, during the machining and forming process of the tapered hole 20, the end of the equal-diameter drill bit 11 that first contacts the connecting node plate 2 is the entering end 111. A hollow through hole with a constant inner diameter is provided at the center of the entering end 111.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7 , Figure 4 which is a schematic diagram of the first perspective of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in still other embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 which is a schematic diagram of the second perspective of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in still other embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 which is a schematic side view of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in still other embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 which is a schematic top view of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in still other embodiments of the present application. As Figures 4 to 7 shown, the drill bit 11 can include a main body portion 115 and a guiding portion 116. The guiding portion 116 is disposed at one end of the main body portion 115 and is coaxially connected to the main body portion 115. The guiding portion 116 radially contracts along the axis direction away from the main body portion 115. A plurality of tool mounting grooves 110 are provided on the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116.

[0043] Wherein, one side of each cutting tool 12 is embedded in a tool mounting groove 110, and the other side of each cutting tool 12 has a cutting structure 120 with a gradually changing size. The extending direction of the cutting structure 120 is consistent with the axial direction of the guiding portion 116, and the inclination angle α of the cutting structure 120 relative to the axis of the guiding portion 116 is 1 degree to 5 degrees.

[0044] Specifically, the cutting tool 12 can be a rectangular tool 122 or a trapezoidal tool 121; the cutting tool 12 can be a double-section tool, that is, the cutting structure 120 can include two cutting edges, namely a forward cutting edge 123 and a reverse cutting edge 124. Further, the depths of the plurality of tool mounting grooves 110 provided on the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116 can be constant or can be adaptively changed according to the tool shape and size, so that the cutting structure 120 exposed and protruding relative to the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116 has an inclination angle α of 1 degree to 5 degrees relative to the central axis of the drill bit 11.

[0045] As Figures 4 to 7 shown, one end of the guiding portion 116 is a main body portion 115 with an equal diameter, and the other end of the guiding portion 116 is a tapping end 111 that is radially contracted and conical. The whole of the cutting tool 12 is fixed on the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116 through the tool mounting groove 110, and both ends of the cutting tool 12 (cutting structure 120) are located on the guiding portion 116.

[0046] Please refer to Figures 8 to 11 , Figure 8 which is a first perspective view of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 9 which is a second perspective view of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 10 which is a side view of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 11 which is a top view of the tapered hole forming device 1 shown in some other embodiments of the present application. As Figures 8 to 11 shown, the drill bit 11 can include a main body portion 115 and a guiding portion 116. The guiding portion 116 is provided at one end of the main body portion 115 and is coaxially connected to the main body portion 115. The guiding portion 116 radially contracts along the axial direction away from the main body portion 115, and a plurality of tool mounting grooves 110 are provided on the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116. Wherein, one side of each cutting tool 12 is embedded in a tool mounting groove 110, and the other side of each cutting tool 12 has a cutting structure 120 with a gradually changing size. The extending direction of the cutting structure 120 is consistent with the axial direction of the guiding portion 116, and the inclination angle α of the cutting structure 120 relative to the axis of the guiding portion 116 is 1 degree to 5 degrees.

[0047] Specifically, the cutting tool 12 can be a rectangular tool 122 or a trapezoidal tool 121; the cutting tool 12 can be a double-section tool, that is, the cutting structure 120 can include two cutting edges, namely a forward cutting edge 123 and a reverse cutting edge 124. Further, the depths of the plurality of tool mounting grooves 110 provided on the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116 can remain unchanged or can be adaptively changed according to the shape and size of the tool, so that the cutting structure 120 exposed and protruding relative to the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116 has an inclination angle α of 1 degree to 5 degrees with respect to the central axis of the drill bit 11.

[0048] As Figures 8 to 11 shown, one end of the guiding portion 116 is a main body portion 115 with an equal diameter, and the other end of the guiding portion 116 is a tapping end 111 whose surface is perpendicular to the axis of the drill bit 11 (the tapping end 111 is only shown in the form of a horizontal end face). The main part of the cutting tool 12 is fixed on the circumferential side wall of the guiding portion 116 through the tool mounting groove 110. One end of the cutting tool 12 (cutting structure 120) sinks and protrudes relative to the tapping end 111, that is, during the process of machining the tapered hole 20, the sinking end of the cutting structure 120 preferentially contacts the node plate.

[0049] Further, a part of the circumferential side wall of the drill bit 11 can be hollowed out locally, and the hollowed-out part is adjacent to the tool mounting groove 110. At the part where the tool cutting amount is large (that is, the part where the diameter of the tapered hole 20 is large), the hollowing amount on the surface of the drill bit 11 is small (representing a large remaining amount); on the contrary, at the part where the tool cutting amount is small (that is, the part where the diameter of the tapered hole 20 is small), the hollowing amount on the surface of the drill bit 11 is large (representing a small remaining amount). Thus, any of the above embodiments of the present application can obtain an integral tapered hole forming device 1 capable of machining the tapered hole 20 at one time, and then control the diameter of the tapered hole 20 by adjusting the advancing stroke of the drill bit 11; on this basis, the center of the drill bit 11 also needs to be hollowed out with an equal diameter to form a hollow drill.

[0050] Compared with the tapered tool for one-time hole forming, the tapered hole forming device 1 provided in the above embodiments of the present application takes into account the problem that although the inner diameter difference of the tapered hole 20 in the height direction is small, the tool wear is more serious at the position where the inner diameter of the tapered hole 20 is larger during the forming process, improves the dimensional consistency and wear consistency of the cutting structure 120, and extends the service life of the tapered hole forming device 1.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present application provides a connecting node plate 2. The tapered holes 20 on the connecting node plate 2 are processed by the tapered hole forming device 1 provided by the above embodiment of the present application. Among them, one tapered hole 20 is used to accommodate one tapered friction welding island 3. The connecting node plate 2 can fasten and connect at least two workpieces to be connected 4 based on the friction welding process through the cooperation of multiple groups of tapered holes 20 and the tapered friction welding islands 3. The connecting node plate 2 includes multiple tapered holes 20, and the multiple tapered holes 20 can be arranged at equal intervals.

[0052] Specifically, the connecting node plate 2 can be a rectangular metal plate, and each tapered hole 20 penetrates through both end surfaces of the connecting node plate 2. The circumferential inner wall of the tapered hole 20 can be flat or curved, and the curved surface can be concave or convex. The connecting node plate 2 adopts the structural form of a tapered group of holes. Through the mutual wear and fit of multiple groups of tapered holes 20 and the tapered friction welding pads, a closely attached component is formed, and the distances between the respective tapered holes 20 are equal. Further, the connecting node plate 2 can adopt a combination form of two connection methods, namely, hidden internal connection and visible spot welding marking. The spot welding marking is usually configured with a segmented and welded connection method with equal distances and equal lengths.

[0053] Along the axis direction B away from the workpiece to be connected 4 (the direction away from the workpiece to be connected and perpendicular to the connecting node plate), the increasing rate of the inner diameter Dk of the tapered hole 20 is greater than the increasing rate of the outer diameter Dh of the circumferential outer wall 30 of the tapered friction welding island. The settings of the tapered hole 20 and the tapered friction welding island 3 enable the tapered friction welding island 3 and the tapered hole 20 to fit and be closely connected to each other, which is a direct shear resistance type, making up for the deficiencies of traditional high-strength bolts, that is, the side surface of the screw of the traditional high-strength bolt hardly contacts the hole wall of the cylindrical hole and does not resist shear. In the embodiment of the present application, the processed and formed tapered hole 20 cooperates with the tapered friction welding island 3, and the shear resistance ability is significantly enhanced, and the forces on the group of bolts on the connecting node plate 2 are more evenly distributed.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 which is a schematic flow chart of the processing and forming method of the tapered hole 20 shown in some embodiments of the present application. As Figure 12 shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a processing and forming method of a tapered hole 20. The processing and forming method of the tapered hole 20 is applied to the tapered hole forming device 1 provided in any embodiment of the present application. Among them, the processing and forming method of the tapered hole 20 includes the following steps S110 to step S120.

[0055] S110: Control the tapered hole forming device 1 to perform rotary feeding in a direction perpendicular to the connecting node plate 2 at the drilling position on the connecting node plate 2; wherein, the cutting angle of the cutting tool 12 is greater than 80 degrees.

[0056] S120: Based on the inner diameter of the open end of the tapered hole 20, control the tapered hole forming device 1 to stop feeding when the feeding stroke reaches a preset stroke, and the inner diameter of the open end corresponds to the cutting dimension of the cutting tool 12 at the preset stroke.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner diameter of the open end of the tapered hole 20 refers to the diameter at the position where the opening of the tapered hole 20 on the connecting gusset plate 2 is the largest. At different height positions of the drill bit 11, the corresponding cutting dimensions of the cutting structure 120 are different. Therefore, during the processing of the tapered hole 20, it is necessary to accurately control the feeding stroke of the tapered hole forming device 1 to alleviate the problem of the tapered hole 20 being too large or too small in size. Further, the tapered hole forming device 1 can be set to progressive feeding to process the tapered hole 20 more smoothly and precisely.

[0058] In some embodiments, the tapered hole forming device 1 includes a forward cutting edge 123 and a reverse cutting edge 124 respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting tool 12. The processing and forming method of the tapered hole 20 further includes: during the rotary feeding process, controlling the tapered hole forming device 1 to switch the rotation direction according to a unit time length, so as to grind the reverse cutting edge 124 when the forward cutting edge 123 performs cutting work, and grind the forward cutting edge 123 when the reverse cutting edge 124 performs cutting work. The present application can adopt a processing method combining self-grinding cutting edges and progressive feeding, and progressively utilize the cutting tool 12 in the tool mounting groove 110 and the width of the cutting tool 12 itself to advance or adjust until the cutting structure 120 is exhausted and then replace the cutting tool 12. The embodiment of the present application can effectively improve the cutting efficiency and significantly reduce the tool cost.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A conical hole forming device, characterized in that, The conical hole forming device is applied to the processing and forming of conical holes on a connecting node plate. One conical hole is used to accommodate one conical friction welding island. The connecting node plate can fasten at least two workpieces to be connected based on the friction welding process through the cooperation of multiple groups of the conical holes and the conical friction welding islands. The conical hole forming device includes: A drill bit, on the circumferential side wall of which there are a plurality of tool mounting grooves; A plurality of cutting tools, one side of each cutting tool is embedded in one of the tool mounting grooves, and the other side of each cutting tool has a cutting structure with a gradually changing dimension. The extending direction of the cutting structure is consistent with the axial direction of the drill bit, and the inclination angle of the cutting structure relative to the axis of the drill bit is 1 degree to 5 degrees.

2. The conical hole forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the entering end; along the axial direction away from the entering end, the thickness of the cutting structure gradually increases.

3. The conical hole forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the entering end; the cutting tool is a rectangular tool with a constant width and a constant thickness. Along the axial direction away from the entering end, the depth of the tool mounting groove gradually decreases, and the width of the cutting structure gradually increases.

4. The conical hole forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the entering end; the cutting tool is a trapezoidal tool with a gradually changing width. Along the axial direction away from the entering end, the width of the cutting structure gradually increases.

5. The conical hole forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the processing and forming of the conical hole, the end of the drill bit that first contacts the connecting node plate is the entering end; along the axial direction away from the entering end, the number of the tool mounting grooves and the cutting tools increases.

6. The conical hole forming device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The cutting structure includes a forward cutting edge and a reverse cutting edge. The forward cutting edge and the reverse cutting edge are respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting structure. The forward cutting edge is used to process the conical hole when the drill bit rotates forward, and the reverse cutting edge is used to process the conical hole when the drill bit rotates backward.

7. The conical hole forming device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, One end of the drill bit is the entering end, and the other end is the clamping end. The cutting tool is arranged between the entering end and the clamping end; the conical hole forming device further includes a stroke control component, and the stroke control component is connected to the clamping end.

8. A connecting gusset plate, characterized in that, The conical hole on the connecting node plate is processed by the conical hole forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; One conical hole is used to accommodate one conical friction welding island. The connecting node plate can fasten at least two workpieces to be connected based on the friction welding process through the cooperation of multiple groups of the conical holes and the conical friction welding islands. The connecting node plate includes a plurality of the conical holes, and the plurality of conical holes are arranged at equal intervals.

9. A processing and forming method for a conical hole, characterized in that The method for processing and forming the conical hole is applied to the conical hole forming device according to any one of claims 1 to 7; the method for processing and forming the conical hole includes: Controlling the conical hole forming device to perform rotary feeding in a direction perpendicular to the connecting node plate at the drilling position; wherein, the cutting angle of the cutting tool is greater than 80 degrees; Based on the inner diameter of the open end of the conical hole, control the conical hole forming device to stop feeding when the feeding stroke reaches a preset stroke, and the inner diameter of the open end corresponds to the cutting size of the cutting tool at the preset stroke.

10. The machining and forming method of the tapered hole according to claim 9, characterized in that, The conical hole forming device includes a forward cutting edge and a reverse cutting edge respectively arranged on both sides of the cutting tool, and the method for machining and forming the conical hole further includes: During the rotary feeding process, control the conical hole forming device to switch the rotation direction according to the unit time length, so as to polish the reverse cutting edge when the forward cutting edge performs cutting work, and polish the forward cutting edge when the reverse cutting edge performs cutting work.

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