Accurate aeration device for sewage treatment

Abstract

The invention discloses a precise aeration device for sewage treatment, and belongs to the field of wastewater treatment. The aeration device comprises an air supply pipe, an aeration pump, an aeration pipe assembly and a controller; the aeration pump is connected to the air supply pipe; the aeration pipe assembly comprises an aeration main pipe, a sliding protective sleeve and an elastic piece; the system further comprises a pH sensor and a calcium ion concentration online monitor. The aeration pump, the pH sensor and the calcium ion concentration online monitor are electrically connected with the controller respectively. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment provided by the invention can be used for treatment of building wastewater, and can also be used for treatment of other industrial wastewater (such as mine wastewater) with relatively large calcium ion concentration fluctuation. In the wastewater treatment process, through real-time monitoring and self-adaptive aeration, the utilization rate of carbon dioxide can be increased, the energy consumption can be reduced, the treatment time can be shortened, the precipitation efficiency can be improved, and the subsequent deep treatment cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and particularly to a precise aeration device for sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] In the field of construction wastewater treatment, since construction wastewater is usually alkaline and contains a large amount of calcium ions, the common purification treatment processes currently include filtration treatment, neutralization treatment, and advanced treatment. Among them, the neutralization treatment process mostly uses carbon dioxide aeration. This method can not only effectively adjust the pH value of the wastewater, but also remove calcium ions in the form of precipitation through chemical reactions, so as to achieve targeted treatment of harmful substances in the wastewater.

[0003] To improve the mass transfer efficiency of carbon dioxide and wastewater to achieve efficient and complete neutralization treatment of wastewater, the prior art often chooses to use microbubble carbon dioxide for aeration. By treating carbon dioxide into tiny bubbles, the gas-liquid contact area can be significantly increased, thereby accelerating the neutralization reaction rate. However, in practical applications, it is found that this technology has a relatively prominent problem of energy efficiency waste. This is because the discharge volume and water quality of construction wastewater fluctuate greatly. When the pH value and calcium ion concentration of construction wastewater are both at a relatively high level, using microbubble carbon dioxide can quickly and efficiently complete the neutralization reaction and give full play to its mass transfer advantage; but when the pH value and calcium ion concentration of construction wastewater are low, the amount of carbon dioxide required for wastewater neutralization reaction is greatly reduced. At this time, continuing to use microbubble carbon dioxide for aeration not only cannot further improve the treatment effect, but also because the generation of microbubble carbon dioxide requires a high-power pump to provide power, resulting in the pump running at a high load continuously, causing unnecessary energy consumption and significantly reducing the energy efficiency of the overall treatment process.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing carbon dioxide aeration and neutralization treatment technology for construction wastewater cannot adapt to the dynamic changes of wastewater quality and wastewater volume, and has the defect of low energy efficiency. There is an urgent need to develop a new type of construction wastewater treatment device that can adjust treatment parameters in real time according to wastewater quality and effectively reduce energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention discloses a precise aeration device for sewage treatment to solve the technical problems existing in the precise aeration device for sewage treatment in the prior art, namely, the inability to adapt to the dynamic changes of wastewater quality and the low energy efficiency.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present application provides a precise aeration device for sewage treatment, including an air supply pipe, an aeration pump, an aeration pipe assembly, and a controller; the aeration pump is connected to the air supply pipe; the aeration pipe assembly includes an aeration main pipe, a sliding protective sleeve, and an elastic member; Wherein, the main aeration pipe is coaxially sleeved outside the end side of the air supply pipe, and there is a gap between the main aeration pipe and the air supply pipe; one end of the main aeration pipe away from the end of the air supply pipe is a closed end, and one end of the main aeration pipe close to the end of the air supply pipe is an open end, and the pipe wall of the main aeration pipe is provided with first aeration holes; The sliding protective sleeve is coaxially and slidably sleeved outside the main aeration pipe, and the pipe wall of the sliding protective sleeve is provided with second aeration holes corresponding to the first aeration holes; the end of the sliding protective sleeve extends beyond the end of the air supply pipe, and the end of the sliding protective sleeve is a closed end, and together with the air supply pipe and the main aeration pipe, a closed aeration cavity is formed; One end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the sliding protective sleeve, and the other end is fixed, and is used to provide a reset pulling force opposite to the gas pressure direction; It also includes a pH sensor for monitoring the pH of the wastewater and an on-line calcium ion concentration monitor for monitoring the calcium ion concentration in the wastewater; The aeration pump, the pH sensor, and the on-line calcium ion concentration monitor are respectively electrically connected to the controller; When compressed gas is continuously introduced into the aeration cavity, the compressed gas pushes the sliding protective sleeve to slide against the pulling force of the elastic member, so that the first aeration holes are communicated with the second aeration holes to form aeration through holes.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects: The precise aeration device for sewage treatment provided in this application can be used for the treatment of construction wastewater and can also be used for the treatment of other industrial wastewaters with large fluctuations in calcium ion concentration (such as mine wastewater). During the wastewater treatment process, through real-time monitoring and adaptive aeration, the utilization rate of carbon dioxide can be improved, energy consumption can be reduced, the treatment time can be shortened, the precipitation efficiency can be improved, and the subsequent advanced treatment cost can be reduced. Specifically, it has the following advantages: (1) Through the pressure adaptive adjustment mechanism (sliding protective sleeve + elastic member) and the real-time water quality monitoring system (pH sensor + on-line calcium ion concentration monitor), precise control of the aeration process is realized. When the neutralization demand in the wastewater is high (high pH, high calcium ion concentration), the aeration volume can be automatically increased; when the demand is low, the aeration volume can be automatically reduced, avoiding energy waste.

[0008] (2) By integrating the data of the pH sensor, the on-line calcium ion concentration monitor, and the control of the aeration pump through the controller, a closed-loop control system is formed. The aeration parameters are dynamically adjusted according to the pH value and the calcium ion concentration, improving the aeration treatment efficiency and stability. Specifically, the set pH sensor and on-line calcium ion concentration monitor can real-time monitor the dynamic changes of the pH value and the calcium ion concentration of the wastewater, providing a basis for the controller's decision-making. For example, when the calcium ion concentration drops rapidly, the progress of the neutralization reaction can be predicted in advance, and the aeration volume can be adjusted in advance; when the rate of decrease of the pH value slows down, the aeration intensity is automatically increased to accelerate the reaction process, etc. By accurately matching the aeration volume with the treatment demand, compared with the traditional constant-power aeration method, the energy consumption can be greatly reduced. At the same time, the set pH sensor and on-line calcium ion concentration monitor replace the traditional manual sampling detection, which can reduce the operation error and hysteresis, and improve the treatment accuracy.

[0009] (3) By adjusting the alignment degree of the first aeration hole and the second aeration hole, stepless adjustment of the gas flow rate can be achieved. Compared with the traditional fixed-aperture aeration head, the gas-liquid contact area can be dynamically adjusted according to the demand, providing sufficient mass transfer efficiency in the high-demand stage and reducing ineffective aeration in the low-demand stage. At the same time, the axial sliding of the sliding protective sleeve can scrape off the sediment (such as calcium carbonate) on the surface of the main aeration pipe, reducing the risk of blockage and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0010] (4) The tension of the elastic member forms a balance with the gas pressure, making the opening and closing of the aeration through-hole sensitive to pressure changes. For example, when the neutralization of the wastewater is approaching the end point, a slight drop in pressure can trigger the reset of the elastic member, timely reducing the aeration volume and avoiding energy waste. Without a complex electric or hydraulic actuator, automatic adjustment is achieved only by relying on mechanical force, reducing the equipment cost and maintenance difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the top view of Figure 3 is a schematic installation diagram of the air delivery pipe and the aeration assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged schematic diagram of part B in Figure 5 is Figure 3 the sectional view taken along A-A in Figure 6 is Figure 5 the enlarged schematic diagram of part C in Figure 7 is Figure 5 the enlarged schematic diagram of part D in Figure 8It is a schematic structural diagram of the main aeration pipe in Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 9 It is Figure 8 a cross-sectional view taken along E-E in; Figure 10 It is a schematic connection diagram of the slide bar assembly and the main aeration pipe; Figure 11 It is Figure 10 an enlarged schematic view of part F in; Figure 12 It is a left view of 10; Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the formation of the aeration through-hole during the sliding of the sliding protective sleeve along the direction of arrow a in Embodiment 1; Figure 14 (1) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow a in Embodiment 1 Figure One ; Figure 14 (2) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow a in Embodiment 1 Figure Two ; Figure 14 (3) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow a in Embodiment 1 Figure Three ; Figure 14 (4) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow a in Embodiment 1 Figure Four ; Figure 15 It is a schematic diagram of the formation of the aeration through-hole during the sliding of the sliding protective sleeve along the direction of arrow b in Embodiment 1; Figure 16 (1) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow b in Embodiment 1 Figure One ; Figure 16 (2) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow b in Embodiment 1 Figure Two ; Figure 16 (3) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow b in Embodiment 1 Figure Three ; Figure 16 (4) It is a schematic diagram of the state of the sliding protective sleeve sliding along the direction of arrow b in Embodiment 1 Figure Four ; Figure 17 It is a schematic installation diagram of the aeration device in Embodiment 1 of the present application; Figure 18 It is Figure 17 an enlarged schematic view of part G in; Figure 19 It is a schematic installation diagram of the aeration component; Figure 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2.

[0012] In the figure: 10, air supply pipe; 20, aeration pump; 30, main aeration pipe; 40, sliding protective sleeve; 50, elastic member; 60, first aeration hole; 70, second aeration hole; 80, pH sensor; 90, on-line calcium ion concentration monitor; 100, flow sensor; 110, air source; 120, pure carbon dioxide source; 130, first air supply branch pipe; 140, second air supply branch pipe; 150, first air supply valve; 160, second air supply valve; 170, slide bar; 180, third aeration hole; 190, elastic sealing ring; 200, pressure sensor; 210, sealing shaft sleeve; 220, pool body; 230, water inlet; 240, water outlet; 250, sludge discharge port; 260, gap; 270, first annular sealing strip; 280, second annular sealing strip; 290, third annular sealing strip; 300, aeration through hole; 310, water inlet pipe. Specific embodiments

[0013] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0014] Such as Figures 1 - 20 : Embodiment 1: This application provides a precise aeration device for sewage treatment, including an air supply pipe 10, an aeration pump 20, an aeration pipe assembly and a controller; the aeration pump 20 is connected to the air supply pipe 10; The aeration pipe assembly includes a main aeration pipe 30, a sliding protective sleeve 40 and an elastic member 50; Wherein, the main aeration pipe 30 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the end side of the air supply pipe 10, and there is a gap 260 between the main aeration pipe 30 and the air supply pipe 10. The purpose of setting this gap 260 is to leave a channel for air flow; one end of the main aeration pipe 30 away from the end of the air supply pipe 10 is a closed end, one end of the main aeration pipe 30 close to the end of the air supply pipe 10 is an open end, and the pipe wall of the main aeration pipe 30 is provided with a first aeration hole 60; The sliding protective sleeve 40 is coaxially and slidably sleeved on the outside of the main aeration pipe 30, and the pipe wall of the sliding protective sleeve 40 is provided with a second aeration hole 70 corresponding to the first aeration hole 60; the end of the sliding protective sleeve 40 extends beyond the end of the air supply pipe 10, and the end of the sliding protective sleeve 40 is a closed end, and together with the air supply pipe 10 and the main aeration pipe 30, it forms a closed aeration cavity; One end of the elastic member 50 is fixedly connected to the sliding protective sleeve 40 and is used to provide a reset pulling force in the direction opposite to the gas pressure direction; It further includes a pH sensor 80 for monitoring the pH of the wastewater and an on-line calcium ion concentration monitor 90 for monitoring the calcium ion concentration in the wastewater; The aeration pump 20, the pH sensor 80, and the on-line calcium ion concentration monitor 90 are respectively electrically connected to the controller; When compressed gas is continuously introduced into the aeration cavity, the compressed gas pushes the sliding protective sleeve 40 to slide against the pulling force of the elastic member 50, so that the first aeration hole 60 is communicated with the second aeration hole 70 to form an aeration through-hole 300; when the compressed gas stops being introduced into the aeration cavity, the elastic member 50 pulls the sliding protective sleeve 40 to reset to close the aeration through-hole 300.

[0015] In some embodiments, the aeration device further includes a flow sensor 100 for detecting the inflow rate of the wastewater, and the flow sensor 100 is electrically connected to the controller. It can be understood that the flow rate of construction wastewater fluctuates greatly, and the required aeration volume is different under different flow rates. Introducing the flow sensor 100 enables the aeration device to more precisely regulate by integrating multiple parameters. For example, when the flow rate increases, the aeration volume is increased in a timely manner to ensure the treatment effect; when the flow rate decreases, the aeration volume is reduced to avoid energy waste and improve the overall adaptability of the aeration system; the flow sensor 100 can monitor the inflow rate of the wastewater in real time and transmit the data to the controller; the controller calculates the appropriate aeration volume by combining the flow rate, pH value, and calcium ion concentration data, that is, the aeration device can quickly adjust the aeration volume according to the flow rate, pH value, and calcium ion concentration to adapt to the dynamic changes of the wastewater volume and quality.

[0016] In some embodiments, the aeration device further includes a gas source system, and the gas source system includes an air source 110 and a pure carbon dioxide source 120; a first air supply branch pipe 130 and a second air supply branch pipe 140 are respectively connected to the air source 110 and the pure carbon dioxide source 120; both the first air supply branch pipe 130 and the second air supply branch pipe 140 are connected to the air supply pipe 10; a first air supply valve 150 and a second air supply valve 160 are respectively connected to the first air supply branch pipe 130 and the second air supply branch pipe 140; the first air supply valve 150 and the second air supply valve 160 are respectively electrically connected to the control device. It can be understood that the demands for carbon dioxide and air are different in different stages of building wastewater treatment. By combining the air source 110 and the pure carbon dioxide source 120, the gas composition and ratio can be flexibly adjusted, improving the treatment efficiency and economy. The first air supply valve 150 and the second air supply valve 160 are controlled by the controller. By adjusting the valve opening, the intake air volumes of air and pure carbon dioxide are changed, and after mixing, they enter the aeration cavity through the air supply pipe 10. For example, during the rapid neutralization period, the intake air volume of the pure carbon dioxide source 120 is increased; during the maintenance period, the intake air volume of the air source 110 is increased. The gas source system in this application can achieve precise control of the gas composition in different treatment stages. The precise adjustment of the first air supply valve 150 and the second air supply valve 160 makes the mixed gas ratio meet the real-time treatment requirements, improving the carbon dioxide utilization rate, reducing the treatment cost, and ensuring the treatment effect at the same time.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second aeration hole 70 is a strip-shaped hole arranged circumferentially along the sliding protective sleeve 40, and the cross-section of the hole passage of the first aeration hole 60 gradually decreases along the direction in which the compressed gas pushes the sliding protective sleeve 40 to slide; and the circumferential dimension of the second aeration hole 70 is larger than the circumferential dimension of the first aeration hole 60, and the axial dimension of the second aeration hole 70 is smaller than the axial dimension of the first aeration hole 60.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 13 - 16 , when compressed gas continues to be introduced into the aeration cavity and the pressure in the aeration cavity exceeds the preset threshold, the driving force of the compressed gas is greater than the resilience of the elastic member 50, and the compressed gas pushes the sliding protective sleeve 40 to slide along the direction of arrow a against the pulling force of the elastic member 50, so that the first aeration hole 60 communicates with the second aeration hole 70 to form an aeration through-hole 300. As shown in Figure 13 and Figure 15 shown, the overlapping part of the first aeration hole 60 and the second aeration hole 70 is the aeration through-hole 300 formed by communication. Since the second aeration hole 70 is a strip-shaped hole arranged circumferentially along the sliding protective sleeve 40, and the cross-section of the hole passage of the first aeration hole 60 gradually decreases along the direction in which the compressed gas pushes the sliding protective sleeve 40 to slide, please refer to Figure 14 , under the thrust of the compressed gas, the sliding protective sleeve 40 slides along the direction of arrow a, Figure 14(1) is the initial position. As the sliding protective sleeve 40 slides along the direction of arrow a, it successively reaches the positions shown in Figure 14 (2), Figure 14 (3), Figure 14 (4). The position shown in Figure 14 (4) is the farthest sliding position of the sliding protective sleeve 40. During the process of the sliding protective sleeve 40 sliding along the direction of arrow a, the bubble gradually decreases, while the air pressure gradually increases. When the sliding displacement reaches the maximum value, the bubble is the smallest and the flow rate reaches the maximum, and microbubbles can be generated. As the air pressure gradually decreases, when the driving force of the compressed gas is less than the restoring force of the elastic member 50, as shown in Figure 16 , under the pulling force of the elastic member 50, the sliding protective sleeve 40 slides along the direction of arrow b. Figure 16 The position shown in Figure 16 (2) is the farthest sliding position of the sliding protective sleeve 40. As the sliding protective sleeve 40 slides along the direction of arrow b, it successively reaches the positions shown in Figure 16 (3), Figure 16 (4). The position shown in Figure 16 (4) is the initial position. During the process of the sliding protective sleeve 40 sliding along the direction of arrow b, the bubble gradually increases, while the air pressure gradually decreases until the first air injection hole 60 and the second air injection hole 70 are misaligned and the air injection through hole 300 is closed. In the aeration device of the present application, the controller precisely controls the air supply pressure and flow rate of the aeration pump 20 and the sliding position of the sliding protective sleeve 40 according to various parameters of the wastewater (such as pH value, ion concentration, influent flow rate, etc.), and then precisely adjusts the bubble size and aeration intensity. Through the synergistic effect of the pressure-driven sliding adjustment mechanism and the differential air injection hole design in the present application, dynamic and reversible adjustment of the bubble size is achieved, and it can be automatically adjusted according to the aeration demand. For example, in high-load working conditions (such as the peak of wastewater treatment), the air pressure can be increased and automatically switched to the microbubble mode, which can greatly improve the aeration efficiency compared with the fixed-aperture aerator; while in low-load working conditions, the air pressure can be reduced to generate large bubbles, and the large bubbles require lower air supply pressure, which can reduce energy consumption. Therefore, the present application can flexibly adjust the aeration parameters according to the real-time state of the wastewater, achieve precise aeration, improve the efficiency and quality of wastewater treatment, and reduce the operating cost.

[0019] In some embodiments, at least one group of first air injection holes 60 parallel to the axial direction is provided on the pipe wall of the aeration main pipe 30.

[0020] In some embodiments, both the first aeration holes 60 and the second aeration holes 70 are provided in multiple groups. The multiple groups of first aeration holes 60 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the aeration main pipe 30, and the multiple groups of second aeration holes 70 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the sliding protective sleeve 40. It can be understood that the multiple groups of axially parallel first aeration holes 60 can increase the aeration area, enable the gas to contact the wastewater more evenly, and improve the treatment effect. Compressed gas is discharged through the multiple groups of axially parallel first aeration holes 60 on the aeration main pipe 30, forming multiple aeration points in the wastewater treatment area and expanding the gas distribution range. The multiple groups of first aeration holes 60 significantly improve the aeration uniformity, enabling each area in the wastewater to fully contact the gas, promoting the neutralization reaction and calcium ion precipitation to proceed more evenly and fully, and enhancing the overall treatment efficiency. The multiple groups of first aeration holes 60 and the multiple groups of second aeration holes 70 are conveniently evenly distributed circumferentially along the aeration main pipe 30 and the sliding protective sleeve 40, which can further improve the aeration uniformity and controllability. The circumferential even distribution enables the gas to be discharged evenly in the circumferential direction. The multiple groups of first aeration holes 60 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the aeration main pipe 30, and the multiple groups of second aeration holes 70 are evenly distributed circumferentially along the sliding protective sleeve 40. When the sliding protective sleeve 40 slides, the aeration holes at different circumferential positions open and close synchronously, ensuring uniform gas discharge. The circumferentially evenly distributed aeration holes make the aeration more uniform in the circumferential direction, avoid insufficient or excessive local aeration, ensure consistent treatment effects for each part of the wastewater, and improve the treatment quality.

[0021] In some embodiments, the aeration pipe assembly further includes a slide bar assembly. The slide bar assembly includes a plurality of slide bars 170 fixedly connected to the main aeration pipe 30. Each slide bar 170 is correspondingly disposed outside a group of first aeration holes 60, and each slide bar 170 is provided with a third aeration hole 180 at a position corresponding to each first aeration hole 60. The shape and size of the third aeration hole 180 are the same as those of the first aeration hole 60. The inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve 40 is in sliding fit with the outer surface of the slide bar 170. An elastic sealing ring 190 is sleeved outside the end of the main aeration pipe 30, and the outer side surface of the elastic sealing ring 190 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve 40. The outer side surface of the elastic sealing ring 190 and the inner wall surface of the sliding protective sleeve 40 form a dynamic sealing interface through interference fit. It can be understood that the slide bar assembly is provided on the main aeration pipe 30 mainly to reduce the contact surface between the sliding protective sleeve 40 and the main aeration pipe 30 while ensuring the aeration function, reduce the friction force when the two slide relative to each other, so that the sliding protective sleeve 40 can slide more smoothly on the main aeration pipe 30, and thus respond more sensitively to the pressure change in the aeration cavity. Since the slide bar 170 is fixedly connected to the main aeration pipe 30 and the third aeration hole 180 provided thereon is the same as the first aeration hole 60, when the sliding protective sleeve 40 slides, gas can be aerated through the aeration through hole 300 formed by the first aeration hole 60, the third aeration hole 180 and the corresponding second aeration holes 70. The outer surface of the slide bar 170 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve 40 to form an axially movable sealing interface, which not only allows the sliding protective sleeve 40 to axially move according to the pressure change, but also ensures a certain sealing performance to prevent gas from leaking from the gap 260 between the sliding protective sleeve 40 and the main aeration pipe 30. Thus, it can be seen that the slide bar assembly provided on the main aeration pipe 30 reduces the friction between the sliding protective sleeve 40 and the main aeration pipe 30, makes the sliding more flexible, improves the response speed of the aeration device to the pressure change, and further enables more accurate control of the size of the aeration through hole 300 to achieve precise aeration. At the same time, the presence of the elastic sealing ring 190 ensures that the gas is mainly discharged from the designed aeration through hole 300, improves the aeration efficiency, and reduces the waste caused by gas leakage. The elastic sealing ring 190 is provided to form a good seal between the main aeration pipe 30 and the sliding protective sleeve 40, prevent the compressed gas in the aeration cavity from leaking, ensure that the pressure change can be accurately transmitted to the sliding protective sleeve 40 so that it slides according to the design requirements, and also avoid the impact of gas leakage on the wastewater treatment environment. Since the elastic sealing ring 190 is sleeved outside the end of the main aeration pipe 30, its outer side surface and the inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve 40 form a dynamic sealing interface through interference fit.The interference fit causes a certain extrusion between the elastic sealing ring 190 and the sliding protective sleeve 40, thereby forming a sealing effect. The outer side surface of the elastic sealing ring 190 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve 40, which allows the sliding protective sleeve 40 to axially move along the main aeration pipe 30 on the premise of sealing, so as to realize the opening and closing control of the aeration through holes 300. When the sliding protective sleeve 40 generates an axial displacement due to pressure change, the elastic sealing ring 190 can adapt to this displacement change through its dynamic sealing interface with the inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve 40, realize axial displacement compensation, and always maintain good sealing performance. Thus, the sealing performance of the aeration cavity is effectively guaranteed, enabling the aeration device to work properly and avoiding problems such as unstable pressure and uneven aeration caused by gas leakage.

[0022] In some embodiments, the aeration device further includes a pressure sensor 200 disposed in the aeration cavity, and the pressure sensor 200 is electrically connected to the controller. It can be understood that the pressure in the aeration cavity directly affects the opening and closing of the aeration holes and the aeration volume. Real-time monitoring of the pressure helps to accurately control the aeration process and avoid abnormal pressure from affecting the treatment effect or damaging the equipment. The pressure sensor 200 monitors the pressure in the aeration cavity in real time and feeds the data back to the controller. The controller adjusts the power of the aeration pump 20 or the opening of the air supply valve according to the pressure data and the preset threshold to maintain the pressure stability. The pressure sensor 200 enables the aeration device to timely sense the pressure change. For example, when the pressure is too high, the controller reduces the power of the aeration pump 20 or closes some of the air supply valves; when the pressure is too low, the aeration volume is increased to ensure that the aeration holes open and close as required, realizing accurate aeration control.

[0023] In some embodiments, the aeration device further includes a sealing shaft sleeve 210 for auxiliary installation. One end of the sealing shaft sleeve 210 is sleeved on the outer side of the sliding protection sleeve 40, and the outer wall of the sliding protection sleeve 40 is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the sealing shaft sleeve 210 to form a dynamically sealed fit that can axially displace. The other end of the sealing shaft sleeve 210 is provided with a connection structure for connecting with an external device. It can be understood that the sealing shaft sleeve 210 is mainly used for the installation of the aeration component. Specifically, the connection structure of the sealing shaft sleeve 210 with the external device is a flange, and a first annular sealing groove is formed on the end face of the flange. A first annular sealing strip 270 is installed in the first annular sealing groove to prevent the leakage of gas in the aeration cavity and at the same time prevent the treated wastewater from seeping into the aeration cavity. A second annular sealing groove and a third annular sealing groove are also formed on the inner wall of the sealing shaft sleeve 210 in contact with the sliding protection sleeve 40. A second annular sealing strip 280 and a third annular sealing strip 290 are installed in the second annular sealing groove and the third annular sealing groove. The inner side surfaces of the second annular sealing strip 280 and the third annular sealing strip 290 form a dynamic sealing interface with the outer wall surface of the sliding protection sleeve 40 through interference fit, which is also used to prevent the leakage of gas in the aeration cavity and at the same time prevent the treated wastewater from seeping into the aeration cavity.

[0024] In some embodiments, the elastic member 50 is a spring, which in its initial state causes the sliding protective sleeve 40 to completely cover the first air vent 60. It can be understood that in the initial state, the sliding protective sleeve 40 completely covers the first air vent 60, which can prevent unexpected leakage of gas. Only when certain pressure conditions are met will an aeration through-hole 300 be formed through the first air vent 60 and the second air vent 70, thereby achieving precise aeration. For example, during the treatment of construction wastewater, the aeration volume can be precisely controlled according to factors such as the alkalinity and calcium ion concentration of the wastewater, improving the utilization rate of gases such as carbon dioxide, and better achieving treatment effects such as neutralization and precipitation. The setting of the spring makes the position of the sliding protective sleeve 40 stable in the initial state, and during the operation of the device, the spring can buffer the impact of gas pressure changes on the sliding protective sleeve 40, ensuring smooth sliding of the sliding protective sleeve 40 on the main aeration pipe 30, reducing problems such as uneven aeration caused by unstable sliding, and improving the operation stability and reliability of the device. Completely covering the first air vent 60 in the initial state and only forming the aeration through-hole 300 for aeration when necessary avoids unnecessary gas emissions, reduces the operating energy consumption of equipment such as the aeration pump 20, and achieves energy conservation and consumption reduction. For example, when the wastewater quality is good and the aeration demand is low, the spring keeps the sliding protective sleeve 40 covering the first air vent 60 without aeration. Only when the water quality changes and aeration is required will the aeration through-hole 300 be opened by the gas pressure overcoming the pulling force of the elastic member 50, effectively reducing energy consumption. Of course, the elastic member 50 is not limited to this application and can also be an elastic member 50 with other structures, as long as it can meet the requirement that the sliding protective sleeve 40 completely covers the first air vent 60 in the initial state and has a good rebound pulling effect when a rebound pulling force needs to be provided, and can respond in a timely manner.

[0025] In some embodiments, the aeration pump 20 includes any one of a Roots blower, a centrifugal blower, and a screw blower. It can be understood that for the selection of the type of the aeration pump 20, a suitable aeration pump 20 (Roots blower, centrifugal blower, or screw blower) can be selected according to different types of wastewater treatment processes and working conditions requirements, which can provide the aeration pressure and flow rate that meet the treatment requirements and ensure the high efficiency of aeration. For example, in a process that requires rapid aeration, the large flow rate characteristic of the centrifugal blower can quickly transport gas into the wastewater, improving the aeration efficiency.

[0026] In some embodiments, the controller is a PLC.

[0027] In some embodiments, the aeration device is installed in a neutralization tank for the aeration and neutralization treatment of construction wastewater, and the neutralization tank includes a tank body 220; Among them, an inlet 230, an outlet 240, and a sludge discharge port 250 are provided on the pool body 220; a water inlet pipe 310 is connected to the inlet 230, and the flow sensor 100 is connected to the water inlet pipe 310; The air supply pipe 10 penetrates through the side wall of the pool body 220 and extends into the pool body 220; The aeration pipe assembly is located inside the pool body 220. The main aeration pipe 30, the sliding protective sleeve 40, and the sealing shaft sleeve 210 are sequentially connected to the outside of the pool body 220 at the place where the air supply pipe 10 penetrates; one end of the main aeration pipe 30 away from the end of the air supply pipe 10 is connected to the inner wall of the pool body 220 to form a closed end; the connection method between the main aeration pipe 30 and the inner wall of the pool body 220 can be welding or can be connected by a flange, etc.; one end of the elastic member 50 is connected to the sliding protective sleeve 40, and the other end of the elastic member 50 is connected to the inner wall of the pool body 220; The pH sensor 80, the online calcium ion concentration monitor 90, and the pressure sensor 200 are all installed on the pool body 220; the probes of the pH sensor 80 and the online calcium ion concentration monitor 90 both extend into the pool body 220 to contact the wastewater, and the probe of the pressure sensor 200 is located in the aeration cavity of the aeration assembly. It can be understood that the aeration device can be used for the treatment of construction wastewater and can also be used for the treatment of other industrial wastewaters with large fluctuations in calcium ion concentration (such as mine wastewater). When using the above neutralization pool to treat construction wastewater, through the three core technologies of pressure adaptive aeration, real-time water quality feedback, and multiple sealing protection, the problems of low energy efficiency and poor adaptability of the traditional carbon dioxide aeration process are solved, and the precision, energy saving, and reliability of construction wastewater treatment are realized. Its technical advantages are especially suitable for the construction wastewater scenario with large water quality fluctuations and high treatment requirements, and have significant economic and environmental benefits. Specifically, there are the following advantages: (1) Precision aeration and energy efficiency optimization are realized. The pressure adaptive adjustment can be achieved through the linkage of the elastic member 50 (pre-compressed spring) and the sliding protective sleeve 40. When the pressure in the aeration cavity changes with the pH value and calcium ion concentration of the wastewater, the aeration holes automatically adjust the opening degree. For example, in the high pH value stage (>9.5), the spring pre-tightening force closes the aeration holes initially, and a higher air pressure is required to open them. At this time, high-pressure microbubble aeration accelerates the neutralization reaction; in the near-neutral stage (pH 7.5-8.5), the air pressure decreases, the spring resets and reduces the aeration holes, reducing ineffective aeration and avoiding energy waste of traditional microbubble aeration in low-demand situations. Through the cooperation of the pH sensor 80 and the online calcium ion concentration monitor 90 with the controller, real-time water quality feedback control can be carried out, and the power of the aeration pump 20 is dynamically adjusted according to the wastewater quality. For example, when the calcium ion concentration drops rapidly, the system automatically reduces the aeration volume, making the energy consumption match the treatment demand precisely, achieving an energy-saving effect compared with the traditional constant aeration method.

[0028] (2) High structural reliability. The sliding protective sleeve 40 and the sealing shaft sleeve 210 are in dynamic seal cooperation, which can prevent the wastewater in the pool from seeping into the aeration cavity and avoid the leakage of gas in the aeration cavity. At the same time, it allows the sliding protective sleeve 40 to move axially freely, ensuring sensitive pressure response. The elastic member 50 (spring) is connected to the inner wall of the pool body 220 and is located inside the sealing shaft sleeve 210, avoiding direct contact with the wastewater, prolonging the service life and reducing failures caused by corrosion or blockage. During the axial movement of the sliding protective sleeve 40, it can scrape the calcium carbonate precipitation on the surface of the main aeration pipe 30 (slide bar 170), reducing the risk of clogging of the aeration holes and maintaining the uniformity of aeration.

[0029] (3) High treatment efficiency and high stability. Multiple groups of circumferentially distributed first aeration holes 60, second aeration holes 70, and third aeration holes 180 cooperate with the axial sliding of the sliding protective sleeve 40 to achieve three-dimensional uniform distribution of gas in the pool. For example, during the rapid neutralization period, a large number of microbubbles are released from the uniformly distributed pores, accelerating the reaction between carbon dioxide and alkaline wastewater; during the maintenance period, precise aeration with a small amount of gas maintains the pH stability. And the flow sensor 100 monitors the influent flow rate in real time, and dynamically adjusts the aeration volume in combination with the water quality data, enabling the aeration device to adapt to the fluctuations in the discharge volume of construction wastewater. For example, when the flow rate suddenly increases, the aeration device can automatically increase the power of the aeration pump 20 to ensure that the treatment effect is not affected by the impact and maintain a stable aeration treatment effect.

[0030] (4) Easy maintenance and reduced maintenance costs. The aeration device is connected to the pool body 220 through the sealing shaft sleeve 210, facilitating equipment maintenance and upgrading. For example, when the main aeration pipe 30 or the sliding protective sleeve 40 is worn, it can be quickly disassembled and repaired, reducing the downtime. The sliding protective sleeve 40 and the sealing shaft sleeve 210 are in dynamic seal cooperation, which can prevent the erosion of the wastewater on the aeration components. The protective design of key components such as the elastic member 50 reduces the failure rate, reduces the replacement frequency, and reduces the operation and maintenance costs.

[0031] (5) This neutralization tank can be directly connected to the existing wastewater treatment process and work in coordination with filtration, advanced treatment and other links. For example, by adjusting the aeration volume, the degree of calcium ion precipitation can be controlled, optimizing the load of the subsequent filtration process. And it supports the mixed supply of air and pure carbon dioxide, and the gas source ratio can be switched according to different treatment stages. For example, high-concentration carbon dioxide is used during the rapid neutralization period, and air is mixed during the maintenance period to reduce costs and improve the process economy.

[0032] Applying the neutralization tank for the aeration neutralization treatment of construction wastewater, the steps include: I. Pretreatment Impurity filtration: The construction wastewater is first intercepted by a grid to remove larger solid impurities (such as gravel, wood chips), and then the sand particles and other inorganic particles are removed through a grit chamber to prevent clogging of pipelines and equipment.

[0033] Equipment debugging: Start the pH sensor 80, flow sensor 100, and on-line calcium ion concentration monitor 90 to calibrate the data; check the opening and closing status of the valves of the air source 110 and pure carbon dioxide source 120; test the air pump 20, controller, and pipeline tightness to ensure the normal operation of the system.

[0034] II. Real-time monitoring and parameter determination Data collection: pH sensor 80: Real-time monitor the pH value of the wastewater in the pool body 220 and upload the data to the controller every 30 seconds.

[0035] Flow sensor 100: Continuously monitor the influent flow rate, update the data per second, and calculate the influent volume per unit time.

[0036] On-line calcium ion concentration monitor 90: Measure the calcium ion concentration every 15 minutes and transmit the data to the controller.

[0037] Operating condition judgment: The controller analyzes the real-time data according to the preset threshold to determine the treatment stage of the wastewater (rapid neutralization period, transition period, maintenance period).

[0038] III. Aeration neutralization treatment S1. The first stage: Rapid neutralization period Trigger condition: The controller starts this stage according to the feedback of the pH sensor 80 when the pH of the wastewater > 9.5 and the calcium ion concentration is higher than 80% of the initial value; Aeration control: Close the first air supply valve 150 of the air source 110, fully open the second air supply valve 160 of the pure carbon dioxide source 120, start the air pump 20, and transport pure carbon dioxide at the maximum flow rate; at the same time, dynamically adjust the aeration intensity according to the influent flow rate of the wastewater: when the flow rate ≤ 10m 3 / h, the power of the air pump 20 is set at 75% - 85%; for every 5m increase in the flow rate 3 / h, the power is increased by 5% - 10% for rapid neutralization; Parameter monitoring: Continuously monitor the pH value and calcium ion concentration of the wastewater. When the pH of the wastewater drops to 8.5 - 9.0 and the calcium ion concentration drops to 50% - 60% of the initial value, enter the transition period; S2. The second stage: Transition period Aeration control: Gradually open the first air supply valve 150 of the air source 110, and at the same time reduce the opening of the second air supply valve 160 of the pure carbon dioxide source 120 by 3% - 8% every 10 minutes to form mixed aeration; the initial mixing ratio is set as carbon dioxide: air = 6 - 7:3 - 4, and it is fine-tuned according to the pH value change: if the pH drop per 10 minutes > 0.3, increase the air ratio by 4% - 6%; if the pH drop per 10 minutes < 0.3, increase the carbon dioxide ratio by 2% - 4%; Parameter monitoring: Continuously monitor the calcium ion concentration. When the calcium ion concentration drops to 30%-40% of the initial value and the pH value enters the range of 7.5-8.5, enter the maintenance period. S3. The third stage: Maintenance period Aeration control: Control the proportion of the pure carbon dioxide source 120 to be less than 10%, and mainly use the air source 110 for mixed aeration. According to the feedback of the pH sensor 80, the controller fine-tunes the aeration parameters every 10 minutes: If the pH > 8.5, increase the carbon dioxide proportion by 1%-3%; if the pH < 7.5, increase the opening of the first air supply valve 150 of the air source 110 to increase the air flow. Parameter monitoring and compliance determination: When the pH value remains stable in the range of 7.5-8.5 for 30 consecutive minutes and the calcium ion concentration reaches the discharge standard, maintain the current aeration parameters for 30-60 minutes to ensure the stability of the water quality.

[0039] IV. Post-treatment and equipment maintenance Drainage and sludge discharge: Open the valve of the upper side water outlet 240 to discharge the treated wastewater into the subsequent advanced treatment unit (such as a sedimentation tank). Regularly (1-2 times a week) open the bottom sludge discharge valve to discharge the precipitated calcium carbonate sludge to avoid the influence of sludge accumulation on the treatment effect.

[0040] Equipment maintenance: Clean the probes of the pH sensor 80 and the on-line calcium ion concentration monitor 90 to prevent pollutants from attaching and affecting the accuracy. Check whether the aeration pipes and valves are blocked or corroded, and clean the attachments on the surface of the aeration heads; detect the operating status of the aeration pump 20 and replace the worn parts in time.

[0041] Data archiving: Archive the pH value, flow rate, calcium ion concentration data of each stage and the equipment operating parameters for analyzing the treatment efficiency and optimizing the process parameters.

[0042] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precise aeration device for sewage treatment, characterized in that, It includes an air supply pipe, an aeration pump, an aeration pipe assembly and a controller; the aeration pump is connected to the air supply pipe; the aeration pipe assembly includes an aeration main pipe, a sliding protective sleeve and an elastic member; Wherein, the aeration main pipe is coaxially sleeved outside the end side of the air supply pipe, and there is a gap between the aeration main pipe and the air supply pipe; one end of the aeration main pipe far from the end of the air supply pipe is a closed end, and one end of the aeration main pipe close to the end of the air supply pipe is an open end. The pipe wall of the aeration main pipe is provided with first aeration holes; The sliding protective sleeve is coaxially and slidably sleeved outside the aeration main pipe. The pipe wall of the sliding protective sleeve is provided with second aeration holes corresponding to the first aeration holes; the end of the sliding protective sleeve extends beyond the end of the air supply pipe, and the end of the sliding protective sleeve is a closed end, and together with the air supply pipe and the aeration main pipe, it forms a closed aeration cavity; One end of the elastic member is fixedly connected to the sliding protective sleeve, and is used to provide a reset pulling force opposite to the direction of gas pressure; It also includes a pH sensor for monitoring the pH of the wastewater and an online calcium ion concentration monitor for monitoring the calcium ion concentration in the wastewater; The aeration pump, the pH sensor and the online calcium ion concentration monitor are respectively electrically connected to the controller; When compressed gas is continuously introduced into the aeration cavity, the compressed gas pushes the sliding protective sleeve to slide against the pulling force of the elastic member, so that the first aeration hole is communicated with the second aeration hole to form an aeration through hole.

2. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aeration device further includes a flow sensor for detecting the influent flow rate of the wastewater, and the flow sensor is electrically connected to the controller.

3. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 2, wherein The aeration device further includes a gas source system, and the gas source system includes an air source and a pure carbon dioxide source; a first air supply branch pipe and a second air supply branch pipe are respectively connected to the air source and the pure carbon dioxide source; the first air supply branch pipe and the second air supply branch pipe are both connected to the air supply pipe; a first air supply valve and a second air supply valve are respectively connected to the first air supply branch pipe and the second air supply branch pipe; the first air supply valve and the second air supply valve are respectively electrically connected to the control device.

4. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second aeration hole is a strip-shaped hole arranged along the circumference of the sliding protective sleeve, and the cross-sectional area of the first aeration hole gradually decreases along the direction in which the compressed gas pushes the sliding protective sleeve to slide; and the circumferential dimension of the second aeration hole is larger than the circumferential dimension of the first aeration hole, and the axial dimension of the second aeration hole is smaller than the axial dimension of the first aeration hole.

5. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pipe wall of the aeration main pipe is provided with at least one group of first aeration holes parallel to the axis.

6. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first aeration holes and the second aeration holes are in multiple groups, and the multiple groups of first aeration holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the aeration main pipe, and the multiple groups of second aeration holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the sliding protective sleeve.

7. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The aeration pipe assembly further includes a slide bar assembly. The slide bar assembly includes a plurality of slide bars fixedly connected to the main aeration pipe. Each slide bar is correspondingly arranged outside a group of first aeration holes, and each slide bar is provided with a third aeration hole at the position corresponding to each first aeration hole. The shape and size of the third aeration hole are the same as those of the first aeration hole; the inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve is in sliding fit with the outer surface of the slide bar; an elastic sealing ring is sleeved outside the end of the main aeration pipe, and the outer side surface of the elastic sealing ring is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the sliding protective sleeve; the outer side surface of the elastic sealing ring and the inner wall surface of the sliding protective sleeve form a dynamic sealing interface through interference fit.

8. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The aeration device further includes a pressure sensor arranged in the aeration cavity, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the controller; and / or, the aeration device further includes a sealing shaft sleeve for auxiliary installation. One end of the sealing shaft sleeve is sleeved outside the sliding protective sleeve, and the outer wall of the sliding protective sleeve is in sliding fit with the inner wall of the sealing shaft sleeve to form a movable sealing fit capable of axial displacement; the other end of the sealing shaft sleeve is provided with a connection structure for connecting with external equipment; and / or, the elastic member is a spring, and in its initial state, the sliding protective sleeve completely covers the first aeration hole; and / or, the aeration pump includes any one of a Roots blower, a centrifugal blower, and a screw blower; and / or, the controller is a PLC.

9. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The aeration device is installed in a neutralization tank for the aeration and neutralization treatment of construction wastewater. The neutralization tank includes a tank body; wherein, the tank body is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, and a sludge discharge port; a water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet, and the flow sensor is connected to the water inlet pipe; The air supply pipe penetrates through the side wall of the tank body and extends into the tank body; The aeration pipe assembly is located in the tank body, and the main aeration pipe, the sliding protective sleeve, and the sealing shaft sleeve are sequentially connected to the outside of the position where the tank body is penetrated by the air supply pipe; one end of the main aeration pipe far from the end of the air supply pipe forms a closed end by connecting with the inner wall of the tank body; one end of the elastic member is connected to the sliding protective sleeve, and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the inner wall of the tank body; The pH sensor, the on-line calcium ion concentration monitor, and the pressure sensor are all installed on the tank body; and the probes of the pH sensor and the on-line calcium ion concentration monitor both extend into the tank body to contact the wastewater, and the probe of the pressure sensor is located in the aeration cavity of the aeration assembly.

10. The precise aeration device for sewage treatment according to claim 9, characterized in that, The aeration and neutralization treatment of the construction wastewater includes the following steps: S1. The first stage: rapid neutralization period Trigger condition: The controller starts this stage according to the feedback of the pH sensor when the pH of the wastewater > 9.5 and the calcium ion concentration is higher than 80% of the initial value; Aeration control: Close the first air supply valve of the air source, fully open the second air supply valve of the pure carbon dioxide source, start the aeration pump, and deliver pure carbon dioxide at the maximum flow rate; at the same time, dynamically adjust the aeration intensity according to the influent flow rate of the wastewater: when the flow rate ≤ 10 m 3 / h, set the power of the aeration pump to 75% - 85%; for every 5 m 3 / h increase in the flow rate, increase the power by 5% - 10% for rapid neutralization; Parameter monitoring: Continuously monitor the pH value and calcium ion concentration of the wastewater. When the pH of the wastewater drops to 8.5 - 9.0 and the calcium ion concentration drops to 50% - 60% of the initial value, enter the transition period; S2. The second stage: transition period Aeration control: Gradually open the first air supply valve of the air source, and at the same time reduce the opening of the second air supply valve of the pure carbon dioxide source by 3%-8% every 10 minutes to form mixed aeration; The initial mixing ratio is set as carbon dioxide: air = 6-7:3-4, and fine-tune according to the change of pH value: If the pH drops by more than 0.3 every 10 minutes, increase the air ratio by 4%-6%; If the pH drops by less than 0.3 every 10 minutes, increase the carbon dioxide ratio by 2%-4%. Parameter monitoring: Real-time monitor the calcium ion concentration. When the calcium ion concentration drops to 30%-40% of the initial value and the pH value enters the range of 7.5-8.5, enter the maintenance period. S3. The third stage: Maintenance period Aeration control: Control the proportion of the pure carbon dioxide source <10%, and mainly use the air source for mixed aeration; The controller fine-tunes the aeration parameters every 10 minutes according to the feedback of the pH sensor: If the pH > 8.5, increase the carbon dioxide ratio by 1%-3%; If the pH < 7.5, increase the opening of the first air supply valve of the air source to increase the air flow. Parameter monitoring and compliance judgment: When the pH value is stable at 7.5-8.5 for 30 consecutive minutes and the calcium ion concentration reaches the discharge standard, maintain the current aeration parameters for 30-60 minutes.

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