Roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidifying system and method suitable for Xinjiang region

Abstract

A roof integrated phase-change material energy-saving humidifying system suitable for the Xinjiang region comprises a solar heat collecting plate, a phase-change material layer, a water storage tank, a heat storage water tank, an atomizing spray head, a rainwater collecting groove, a heat exchanger and a three-way valve. The solar heat collection plate is connected with the phase-change material layer through the heat transfer pipe, the water storage tank collects rainwater and is connected with the spraying pipeline, and the heat storage tank forms a roof snow melting loop through the heat conduction water pipe. The system operates in a double-season mode: in summer, the spray head sprays cold water mist for humidification and cooling, and the phase change material absorbs solar energy for heat storage; in winter, the phase-change material releases heat to heat water flow, the spraying head sprays hot water mist to humidify and heat, meanwhile, accumulated snow on the roof is melted through indoor waste heat, and snow water is recycled after being collected and filtered. The system integrates phase change energy storage, solar heat collection, rainwater recovery and double heat exchange technologies, realizes integrated closed-loop management of heating, humidification, snow melting and water resource circulation, is suitable for arid and cold climate in Xinjiang, and has energy conservation and sustainability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent aims to construct a roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system suitable for the Xinjiang region, belonging to the technical fields of construction engineering, phase change energy storage and energy utilization. Background Art

[0002] Xinjiang belongs to a typical temperate continental arid climate, with extremely hot and dry summers, cold and long winters, significant diurnal temperature differences, scarce annual precipitation and large evaporation. This unique climate condition poses severe challenges to building energy conservation and indoor environment regulation: 1. Energy utilization efficiency problem: Traditional heating and cooling systems consume high energy, especially in extreme temperatures, resulting in serious energy waste; 2. Humidity regulation demand: Dry air easily causes respiratory discomfort, but conventional humidification systems rely on electricity or water resources, conflicting with the scarce water resources in Xinjiang; 3. Rainwater resource waste: Precipitation is concentrated and has low utilization rate, lacking an effective rainwater collection and recycling system. In response to the above problems, existing technologies mostly adopt single-function devices (such as independent humidifiers or solar collectors), which are difficult to balance energy conservation, humidity regulation and resource recycling. In addition, the application of traditional phase change materials is mostly limited to walls or floors, without fully utilizing the heat storage and release potential of the roof space.

[0003] Regarding the phase change roof temperature control system, Patent CN108302611A proposes a heating and cooling system with renewable energy as the cold and heat sources. This patent integrates a solar system with a phase change heat storage roof, efficiently utilizes renewable energy to achieve combined heat and cold supply, has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection and heat energy storage, and enhances the heat transfer design to improve the energy conversion efficiency. However, directly connecting tap water to the solar system may violate hygiene standards (indirect heating through a heat exchanger is generally recommended). The patent does not clearly state whether double isolation is adopted. At the same time, the roof bears the concrete layer, insulation layer, water pipes and phase change materials simultaneously, which may exceed the building load-bearing standard and pose a safety hazard. In Xinjiang region, solar energy resources are abundant, and heat storage can solve the problem of large temperature difference between day and night, with great application potential. However, the application risk is also relatively high. It is more suitable for newly built large-scale buildings with high structural strength, where problems such as load, anti-freezing and hygiene need to be strictly considered, and the use cost is relatively high. Regarding the fresh air humidification technology, Patent CN205536138U proposes a fresh air humidification system. The fresh air humidification system includes at least one indoor unit and a fresh air humidifier. The indoor unit is provided with a fresh air humidification outlet corresponding to the fresh air humidifier, and can be applied to an air conditioner or heating system that combines room temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and fresh air control, which can greatly improve the indoor air quality under the operation of the air conditioner or heating, and is beneficial to people's health and comfort. However, the space and installation limitations of this patent are relatively large. The indoor unit and the fresh air humidifier need to be installed simultaneously, which is not friendly to residential buildings with low floor height or small apartment types, and may affect the aesthetic appearance of the indoor layout. The fan and water pump may generate noise during operation, affecting the living or working environment. The functions of solving the dryness and fresh air problems highly match the Xinjiang environment, but the water quality and maintenance problems, as well as the noise problem during the operation of the machine, need to be considered.

[0004] A roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to Xinjiang region proposed by the present invention combines phase change material energy storage, solar heat collection, rainwater collection and spray humidification technologies to achieve the coordinated utilization of energy, water resources and heat energy, and meet the extreme climate requirements of Xinjiang. Solar heat collection panels are set on the roof to fully absorb solar energy and transfer it to the phase change material. The phase change material uses hexadecane as the phase change material, which has the characteristics of non-toxicity and high latent heat, and is laid inside the roof to efficiently absorb heat and stably release heat energy, making full use of the rich solar energy resources in Xinjiang. At the same time, a dual-season mode of operation is designed. In summer, low-temperature water mist is sprayed by the spray head for humidification and cooling. The phase change material absorbs solar energy and heats up. The municipal water supply exchanges heat with the heat brought out from the phase change material and is used for domestic use. In winter, the phase change material releases the stored heat, heats the water flow to form hot water mist for humidification and heating. At the same time, the indoor waste heat is used to melt the snow on the roof, and the melted water is collected, filtered and recycled. The phase change energy storage, solar heat collection, rainwater recovery and dual heat exchange technologies are integrated into the roof system. Through seasonal mode switching, the functions of energy conservation, humidification, heating and snow melting are taken into account, forming a closed-loop resource utilization scheme suitable for the arid and cold climate in Xinjiang, with both high efficiency and sustainability. Summary of the Invention

[0005] A roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to the Xinjiang region is composed of a first water pump 1, a water stop valve 2, a second water pump 3, a first three-way valve 4, a second three-way valve 5, a first heat exchanger 6, a solar collector 7, a phase change material layer 8, an axial flow fan 9, a third three-way valve 10, a fourth three-way valve 11, a supply air fan 12, a filter screen 13, a second heat exchanger 14, a storage water tank 15, a hot water storage tank 16, a heat conduction water pipe 17, a return air outlet 18, a roof rainwater collection trough 19, a roof inner flow channel 20, a return air pipe 21, a spray head 22, a cavity 23, a circulation pump 24, and a heat transfer pipe 25;

[0006] The roof includes two layers. One layer has the solar collector 7 placed on the top, and below is the phase change roof layer; the solar collector 7 is placed on the top of the roof. The heat transfer pipe 25 is led out from the solar collector 7 and connected to the circulation pump 24. The heat transfer pipe 25 led out from the circulation pump 24 is connected to the phase change material layer 8, and the heat transfer pipe 25 is arranged in a loop in the phase change material layer 8; the storage water tank 15 is placed outside the building. Municipal water supply is connected to the first water pump 1 and the water stop valve 2 through a water pipe and finally connected to the storage water tank 15. A water pipe is led out from the storage water tank (15) and connected to the second water pump 3. After the second water pump 3, it is connected to the lower end of the first three-way valve 4. The right end of the first three-way valve 4 is connected to the left end of the second three-way valve 5. A water pipe is led out from the upper end of the first three-way valve 4 and enters the phase change material layer 8 in a U-shaped distribution; the water pipe led out from inside the phase change material layer 8 of the roof is connected to the upper end of the fourth three-way valve 11. The left end of the fourth three-way valve 11 is connected to the lower side of the phase change material layer 8 of the roof and then connected to the right side of the second three-way valve 5. A water pipe is led out from the lower end of the fourth three-way valve 11 and connected to the second heat exchanger 14; Municipal water supply and the water pipe led out from the lower end of the fourth three-way valve 11 are jointly connected to the second heat exchanger 14 for heat exchange. The water pipe led out from the second heat exchanger 14 is sent into the room; after entering the heat exchanger 14, the lower end of the fourth three-way valve 11 is connected back to the storage water tank 15; the lower section of the second three-way valve 5 is connected to the left side of the third three-way valve 10; the pipeline where the left end of the fourth three-way valve 11 is connected to the right side of the second three-way valve 5 is placed below the phase change material layer 8 of the roof. A cavity 23 is arranged below the pipeline where the left end of the fourth three-way valve 11 is connected to the right side of the second three-way valve 5. An axial flow fan 9 is arranged on the left side of the cavity 23, and a supply air fan 12 is arranged on the right side. A return air outlet 18 is arranged below the axial flow fan 9. The return air outlet 18 is connected to the condensation end of the first heat exchanger 6 through the return air pipe 21. The heat conduction water pipe 17 is connected to the evaporation end of the first heat exchanger 6. After the heat conduction water pipe 17, it is connected to the hot water storage tank 16. The water pipe led out from the hot water storage tank 16 is arranged in a U-shaped distribution above the solar collector on the top of the roof; a roof rainwater collection trough 19 is arranged at the left edge of the top of the roof. The roof rainwater collection trough 19 is connected to the upper end of the third three-way valve 10. The lower end of the third three-way valve 10 is connected to the filter screen 13 and finally connected back to the storage water tank 15.

[0007] The first heat exchanger 6 is a heat pipe heat exchanger. A threaded structure is provided on the periphery of the heat pipe. The condensation end is connected to the return air duct 21, and the evaporation end is connected to the heat conduction water pipe 17.

[0008] The second heat exchanger 14 adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger made of stainless steel. There are two pipelines, namely the shell side and the tube side, inside it, through which the heated water after heat absorption and the municipal water supply flow respectively. The municipal water supply flows through the tube side, and the hot water flows through the shell side.

[0009] The storage water tank 15 and the hot water storage tank 16 are made of stainless steel with a double-layer heat insulation structure.

[0010] The structure of the solar collector panel 7 has five layers, namely: a glass layer, a heat absorption layer (an anodized aluminum coating plus an aluminum heat absorption plate), a heat transfer pipe 25, a heat insulation layer (rock wool), and an aluminum alloy support plate;

[0011] The heat transfer pipe 25 and the water pipe led out from the upper end of the first three-way valve 4 and entering the phase change material layer 8 are arranged vertically and horizontally in the phase change material layer 8. The fluid medium inside the heat transfer pipe 25 is water + ethylene glycol.

[0012] The pipeline where the left end of the fourth three-way valve 11 is connected to the right side of the second three-way valve 5 is a PVC water pipe, and a spray head 22 is embedded every 1 meter;

[0013] The upper layer of the cavity 23 is coated with an acrylic material for heat insulation; the phase change material layer 8 uses hexadecane. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Appendix Figure 1 This is the system diagram of the patent.

[0015] Appendix Figure 1 Names of the reference numerals in the figure: 1. First water pump, 2. Stop valve, 3. Second water pump, 4. First three-way valve, 5. Second three-way valve, 6. First heat exchanger, 7. Solar collector panel, 8. Phase change material layer, 9. Axial flow fan, 10. Third three-way valve, 11. Fourth three-way valve, 12. Air supply fan, 13. Filter screen, 14. Second heat exchanger, 15. Storage water tank, 16. Hot water storage tank, 17. Heat conduction water pipe, 18. Return air inlet, 21. Return air duct, 22. Spray head, 23. Cavity.

[0016] Appendix Figure 2 This is the layout diagram of the water pipes inside the phase change roof.

[0017] Appendix Figure 2 Names of the reference numerals in the figure: 20. Flow channel inside the roof, 25. Heat transfer pipe.

[0018] Appendix Figure 3 This is the structure diagram of the first heat exchanger 6.

[0019] Appendix Figure 3Names of the reference numerals: 6. First heat exchanger, 17. Heat conduction water pipe, 21. Return air duct.

[0020] Appendix Figure 4 It is a layout diagram of roof surface elements.

[0021] Appendix Figure 4 Names of the reference numerals: 6. First heat exchanger, 16. Hot water storage tank, 17. Heat conduction water pipe, 19. Roof rainwater collection trough, 21. Return air duct, 24. Circulation pump, 25. Heat transfer pipe. Specific implementation mode

[0022] A roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to Xinjiang region: It consists of a first water pump 1, a water stop valve 2, a second water pump 3, a first three-way valve 4, a second three-way valve 5, a first heat exchanger 6, a solar collector 7, a phase change material layer 8, an axial flow fan 9, a third three-way valve 10, a fourth three-way valve 11, a supply air fan 12, a filter screen 13, a second heat exchanger 14, a storage water tank 15, a hot water storage tank 16, a heat conduction water pipe 17, a return air inlet 18, a roof rainwater collection trough 19, an inner roof flow channel 20, a return air duct 21, a spray head 22, a cavity 23, a circulation pump 24, and a heat transfer pipe 25;

[0023] When the system works in summer, the usually filtered and stored rainwater stored in the storage water tank 15 passes through the second water pump 3 and the first three-way valve 4. One end enters the pipeline on the upper side of the cavity 23, which is a PVC water pipe, and sprays water mist through the spray head 22 to humidify the outdoor fresh air inhaled by the axial flow fan 9. The water mist evaporates and cools the outdoor fresh air in the cavity 23 to cool and humidify it. The humidified and cooled fresh air is sent into the room by the supply air fan 12; the other end flows to the phase change material layer 8. When the sun is sufficient, the solar collector 7 absorbs a large amount of solar energy to heat the fluid medium inside the heat transfer pipe 25. The phase change material inside the phase change material layer 8 absorbs the heat brought by the heat transfer pipe 25 and heats up. At the same time, the low-temperature water flowing through the phase change material layer 8 absorbs heat and becomes high-temperature water, enters the second heat exchanger 14 through the fourth three-way valve 11, exchanges heat with the incoming municipal water supply, and the heated municipal water supply is sent into the room for domestic use. After the heat exchange is completed and the water cools down, the return water returns to the storage water tank 15; usually on rainy days, the rainwater collected by the roof rainwater collection trough 19 passes through the third three-way valve 10 and is filtered by the filter screen 13 and then enters the storage water tank 15. When the water level in the storage water tank 15 is very low, the first water pump 1 and the water stop valve 2 are opened to supplement tap water;

[0024] When the system works in winter, the left side of the first three-way valve 4 is closed, and the storage water tank 15 enters the phase change material layer 8 through the second water pump 3 and the first three-way valve 4. When there is sufficient sunlight, the solar heat collector 7 absorbs a large amount of solar energy to heat the fluid medium inside the heat transfer pipe 25. The phase change material in the phase change material layer 8 is heated by absorbing the heat brought by the heat transfer pipe 25. The water entering the phase change material layer 8 through the first three-way valve 4 absorbs heat, and then the heated water flows through the fourth three-way valve 11. At this time, one end enters the PVC water pipe on the upper side of the cavity 23, and hot water mist is sprayed out through the spray head 22 to humidify and heat the outdoor fresh air inhaled by the axial flow fan 9. The humidified and heated fresh air is sent into the room through the air supply fan 12; the hot water flowing out from the other end of the fourth three-way valve 11 enters the second heat exchanger 14 to exchange heat with the incoming municipal water supply to heat the municipal water supply. The heated municipal water supply is sent into the room for domestic use, and the return water cooled after heat exchange returns to the storage water tank 15; the hot air sent out from the return air outlet 18 flows along the return air pipe 21 to the first heat exchanger 6 to transfer heat to the heat conduction water pipe 17. The heated water pipe forms a loop with the hot water storage tank 16 on the roof. When it snows, the temperature of the upper side heat conduction water pipe 17 loop on the roof rises, so as to melt the snow. The melted snow turns into water and flows to the roof rainwater collection trough 19 for collection, and then enters the storage water tank 15 after being filtered by the filter screen 13 through the third three-way valve 10. When the water level in the storage water tank 15 is very low, the first water pump 1 and the stop valve 2 are opened to supplement tap water.

Claims

1. A roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to the Xinjiang region, characterized in that: It is composed of a first water pump (1), a water stop valve (2), a second water pump (3), a first three-way valve (4), a second three-way valve (5), a first heat exchanger (6), a solar collector (7), a phase change material layer (8), an axial flow fan (9), a third three-way valve (10), a fourth three-way valve (11), a supply air fan (12), a filter screen (13), a second heat exchanger (14), a storage water tank (15), a hot water storage tank (16), a heat conduction water pipe (17), a return air outlet (18), a roof rainwater collection trough (19), a roof internal flow channel (20), a return air pipe (21), a spray head (22), a cavity (23), a circulation pump (24), and a heat transfer pipe (25); The roof comprises two layers. One layer is that a solar heat collector panel (7) is placed at the top, and below it is a phase change roof layer. The solar heat collector panel (7) is placed at the top of the roof. A heat transfer pipe (25) is led out from the solar heat collector panel (7) and connected to a circulation pump (24). The heat transfer pipe (25) led out from the circulation pump (24) is connected to a phase change material layer (8), and the heat transfer pipe (25) is arranged in a loop in the phase change material layer (8). A storage water tank (15) is placed outside the building. Municipal water supply is connected to the storage water tank (15) through a water pipe connecting a first water pump (1) and a water stop valve (2). A water pipe is led out from the storage water tank (15) and connected to a second water pump (3). After the second water pump (3), it is connected to the lower end of a first three-way valve (4). The right end of the first three-way valve (4) is connected to the left end of a second three-way valve (5). A water pipe is led out from the upper end of the first three-way valve (4) and enters the phase change material layer (8) in a U-shaped distribution. A water pipe led out from the inside of the phase change material layer (8) of the roof is connected to the upper end of a fourth three-way valve (11). The left end of the fourth three-way valve (11) is connected to the lower side of the phase change material layer (8) of the roof and then connected to the right side of the second three-way valve (5). A water pipe led out from the lower end of the fourth three-way valve (11) is connected to a second heat exchanger (14). Municipal water supply and the water pipe led out from the lower end of the fourth three-way valve (11) are jointly connected to the second heat exchanger (14) for heat exchange, and the water pipe led out from the second heat exchanger (14) is sent into the room. After entering the heat exchanger (14), the lower end of the fourth three-way valve (11) is connected back to the storage water tank (15). The lower section of the second three-way valve (5) is connected to the left side of a third three-way valve (10). The pipe connecting the left end of the fourth three-way valve (11) and the right side of the second three-way valve (5) is placed below the phase change material layer (8) of the roof. A cavity (23) is arranged below the pipe connecting the left end of the fourth three-way valve (11) and the right side of the second three-way valve (5). An axial flow fan (9) is arranged on the left side of the cavity (23), and a supply air fan (12) is arranged on the right side. An air return opening (18) is arranged below the axial flow fan (9). The air return opening (18) is connected to the condensation end of a first heat exchanger (6) through an air return pipe (21). A heat conduction water pipe (17) is connected to the evaporation end of the first heat exchanger (6). After the heat conduction water pipe (17), it is connected to a hot water storage tank (16). The water pipe led out from the hot water storage tank (16) is arranged in a U-shaped distribution above the solar heat collector panel at the top of the roof. A roof rainwater collection trough (19) is arranged at the left edge of the top of the roof. The roof rainwater collection trough (19) is connected to the upper end of the third three-way valve (10). The lower end of the third three-way valve (10) is connected to a filter screen (13) and finally connected back to the storage water tank (15).

2. The roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to Xinjiang region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat exchanger (6) is a heat pipe type heat exchanger. A threaded structure is arranged on the periphery of the heat pipe. The condensation end is connected to the air return pipe (21), and the evaporation end is connected to the heat conduction water pipe (17). The second heat exchanger (14) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger made of stainless steel, with two pipelines in the shell and tube sides, through which the heated water and municipal water supply flow respectively. The municipal water supply flows through the tube side, and the hot water flows through the shell side.

3. The roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to Xinjiang region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The storage water tank (15) and the hot water storage tank (16) are made of stainless steel with a double-layer heat insulation structure.

4. The roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to Xinjiang region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar collector panel (7) has a five-layer structure, which are: a glass layer, a heat absorption layer (an anodized aluminum coating plus an aluminum heat absorption plate), a heat transfer pipe (25), a heat insulation layer (rock wool), and an aluminum alloy support plate; The heat transfer pipe (25) and the water pipe led out from the upper end of the first three-way valve (4) and entering the phase change material layer (8) are arranged up and down in the phase change material layer (8), and the fluid medium in the heat transfer pipe (25) is water + ethylene glycol.

5. The roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to Xinjiang region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline connecting the left end of the fourth three-way valve (11) and the right side of the second three-way valve (5) is a PVC water pipe, and a spray head (22) is embedded every 1 meter; The upper layer of the cavity (23) is coated with an acrylic material for heat insulation; the phase change material layer (8) uses hexadecane.

6. The method of the roof integrated phase change material energy-saving humidification system applicable to Xinjiang region according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the system operates in summer, the rainwater stored in the storage water tank (15) after being filtered usually passes through the second water pump (3) and the first three-way valve (4). One end enters the pipeline on the upper side of the cavity (23), which is a PVC water pipe, and sprays water mist through the spray head (22) to humidify the outdoor fresh air inhaled by the axial flow fan (9). The water mist evaporates and cools the outdoor fresh air in the cavity (23) to cool and humidify it. The humidified and cooled fresh air is sent into the room through the air supply fan (12); The other end flows to the phase change material layer (8). When there is sufficient sunlight, the solar collector panel (7) absorbs a large amount of solar energy to heat the fluid medium in the heat transfer pipe (25). The phase change material in the phase change material layer (8) absorbs the heat brought by the heat transfer pipe (25) and heats up. At the same time, the low-temperature water flowing through the phase change material layer (8) absorbs heat and becomes high-temperature water, which enters the second heat exchanger (14) through the fourth three-way valve (11) and exchanges heat with the incoming municipal water supply. The heated water is sent into the room for domestic use, and the cooled return water returns to the storage water tank (15); Usually on rainy days, the rainwater is collected by the roof rainwater collection trough (19) and enters the storage water tank (15) through the third three-way valve (10) after being filtered by the filter screen (13). When the water level in the storage water tank (15) is very low, the first water pump (1) and the water stop valve (2) are opened to supplement tap water; When the system works in winter, the left side of the first three-way valve (4) is closed. The storage water tank (15) enters the phase change material layer (8) through the second water pump (3) and the first three-way valve (4). When there is sufficient sunlight, the solar heat collector (7) absorbs a large amount of solar energy, causing the fluid medium in the heat transfer pipe (25) to heat up. The phase change material in the phase change material layer (8) heats up by absorbing the heat brought by the heat transfer pipe (25). The water entering the phase change material layer (8) through the first three-way valve (4) absorbs heat, and then the heated water flows through the fourth three-way valve (11). At this time, one end enters the PVC water pipe on the upper side of the cavity (23), and hot water mist is sprayed out through the spray head (22) to humidify and heat the outdoor fresh air inhaled by the axial flow fan (9). The humidified and heated fresh air is sent into the room through the air supply fan (12); the hot water flowing out from the other end of the fourth three-way valve (11) enters the second heat exchanger (14) to exchange heat with the incoming municipal water supply. The heated water is sent into the room for domestic use, and the water after heat absorption returns to the storage water tank (15); the hot air sent out from the air return port (18) is sent along the air return pipe (21) to the first heat exchanger (6) to transfer heat to the heat conduction water pipe (17). The heated water pipe forms a loop with the hot water storage tank (16) on the roof. When it snows, the temperature of the upper side heat conduction water pipe (17) loop on the roof rises, thereby melting the snow. The melted snow turns into water and flows to the roof rainwater collection trough (19) for collection. After passing through the third three-way valve (10) and being filtered by the filter screen (13), it enters the storage water tank (15). When the water level in the storage water tank (15) is very low, the first water pump (1) and the water stop valve (2) are opened to supplement tap water.

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