Aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device and testing method

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device and a testing method, and particularly relates to the technical field of piston testing, and comprises a box body, a driving assembly and a temperature control assembly are arranged in the box body, the driving assembly comprises two lifting parts which are symmetrically distributed and a rotating part which drives the two lifting parts to rotate, and is used for alternately conveying piston samples to a heating area and a cooling area, the temperature control assembly comprises a heating part and a cooling part which are symmetrically arranged, the cooling part is composed of air cooling mechanisms which are arranged in an upper-lower contrast mode and liquid storage barrels, through the driving assembly, the two piston samples can be synchronously subjected to the cyclic test of heating and cooling, compared with the traditional testing equipment, two piston samples can be processed in a single test, the test period is significantly shortened, the test cost is reduced, the overall test efficiency is improved, and the limitations of simple structure, low efficiency, high cost and long period of the existing fatigue testing machine are effectively overcome.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of piston testing, and more particularly to an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device and testing method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Cast piston alloys play a vital role in power equipment, and cast pistons have small expansion coefficients, good volume stability, can reduce the cylinder gap, and can withstand high temperature, high pressure and complex stress environment. With the continuous improvement of engine power and fuel efficiency, higher requirements are placed on the high-temperature stability and thermal fatigue performance of aluminum alloy pistons. In order to meet the increasingly stringent engine technology requirements, the research and development and improvement of cast aluminum alloy pistons have always been a hot topic in the industry.

[0003] At higher service temperatures, the erosion of high-pressure gas on the surface of the piston is more severe, and the requirements for the thermal expansion performance and high-temperature friction resistance of the piston are also more stringent. The fatigue safety of the piston directly affects its service life, and a fatigue testing machine is needed when studying the fatigue safety of the piston. The current fatigue testing machines on the market have a simple structure, and their design only supports step-by-step heating and cooling of a single piston, and cannot realize the synchronization of the two. This defect directly leads to low test efficiency, not only increasing the test cost, but also prolonging the test cycle, making such equipment face great limitations in actual application.

[0004] To this end, the present application provides an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device and testing method to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the embodiments of the present application provide an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device and testing method, which sets driving assembly and temperature control assembly to solve the problems in the above background.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device, comprising a box body:

[0007] The box body is provided with a driving assembly and a temperature control assembly;

[0008] The driving assembly comprises two lifting parts symmetrically distributed and a rotating part for driving the rotation thereof, for alternately conveying the piston sample to the heating area and the cooling area;

[0009] The temperature control assembly comprises a heating part and a cooling part symmetrically arranged, and the cooling part is composed of an air cooling mechanism and a liquid storage cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating part includes a turntable and a stepper motor, with the center of the turntable fixed to the output end of the stepper motor, for driving the two lifting parts to rotate alternately.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting unit includes an electric telescopic rod mounted on a turntable, the top of which is connected to a clamping mechanism via a fixing ring. The clamping mechanism includes an elastic plate with a beveled structure for adaptively clamping the piston sample.

[0012] Preferably, the heating element is a ring-shaped induction coil, which is arranged around the heating area;

[0013] The cooling unit's air-cooling mechanism is a multi-directional jet array located directly above the liquid storage cylinder, used for forced convection cooling of the upper part of the piston sample.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom of the liquid storage tank is connected to a liquid replacement mechanism, which includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, a water pump, and a solenoid valve, for automatically replacing the coolant.

[0015] Preferably, the box is equipped with a partition made of heat-insulating material, which divides the box into independent heating and cooling areas.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature control component further includes a first temperature measuring unit and a second temperature measuring unit, which respectively monitor the piston sample temperature in the heating area and the cooling area in real time through infrared sensors, and form a closed-loop feedback with the control component.

[0017] Preferably, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively connected to the bottom of the storage tank, and the inlet end of the inlet pipe is connected to an external coolant circulation system, and the outlet end of the outlet pipe is connected to a waste liquid recovery device.

[0018] Preferably, the top of the box is provided with two symmetrically distributed cover plates for taking out and putting in piston samples, and the side wall of the box is provided with an inspection port.

[0019] A test method for testing pistons using an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device includes the following steps:

[0020] S1. The control component drives the clamping mechanism to the bottom of the cover plate. After the cover is opened, two piston samples are placed in, and then one is driven to the heating area and the other to the cooling area.

[0021] S2. The control unit starts the heating and cooling units, which respectively operate on the piston samples in two areas. The first and second temperature measuring units measure the temperature and feed it back to the control unit.

[0022] S3. When the temperature reaches the target, the control component drives the piston sample interchange area, and the air-cooling mechanism and coolant work together to cool the heated piston sample, and then alternately heat and cool the two piston samples.

[0023] S4. After cycling to the set number of times, the control component drives the removal of the two piston samples to analyze the surface and evaluate performance.

[0024] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. This invention effectively simulates the actual operating conditions of a piston in an engine by cyclically heating and cooling piston samples, providing strong support for researchers to further explore the fatigue safety of piston products. Simultaneously, this technology helps reveal the high-temperature creep characteristics, durability performance, and crack arrest mechanism of novel aluminum-silicon alloys under high temperature and long-term dynamic loads. Furthermore, this invention also studies the relationship between the heat treatment process of cast pistons and their fatigue performance, establishing a key technology system for the heat treatment of high-strength and tough pistons. This lays the foundation for developing highly reliable, high-strength, and heat-resistant aluminum piston products, and demonstrates broad application prospects in fields such as power equipment.

[0026] 2. This invention introduces a drive component design, which significantly improves testing efficiency. This drive component can simultaneously perform cyclic heating and cooling tests on two piston samples. Compared to traditional testing equipment, two piston samples can be processed in a single test, significantly shortening the testing cycle, reducing testing costs, and improving overall testing efficiency. This design effectively overcomes the limitations of existing fatigue testing machines, such as simple structure, low efficiency, high cost, and long testing cycles.

[0027] 3. The coolant exchange mechanism in this invention further optimizes the testing process for piston samples. This mechanism automatically replaces the coolant in the reservoir, effectively preventing the coolant from overheating due to excessive recycling and affecting the cooling rate of subsequent piston samples. By timely and automatically replacing the coolant, the coolant in the reservoir maintains excellent cooling performance, thereby improving the testing efficiency of piston samples and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the left-side cross-section of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a right-side sectional view of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 This is a top sectional view of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6This is a top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the right-side structure of the present invention.

[0035] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0036] 1. Box body;

[0037] 2. Drive assembly; 201. Rotating part; 2011. Turntable; 2012. Stepper motor; 202. Lifting part; 2021. Electric telescopic rod; 2022. Fixing ring; 2023. Connecting plate;

[0038] 3. Temperature control assembly; 301. Heating unit; 302. Cooling unit; 3021. Air-cooling mechanism; 3022. Liquid storage tank; 303. First temperature measuring unit; 304. Second temperature measuring unit;

[0039] 4. Clamping mechanism; 401. Pallet; 402. Elastic plate;

[0040] 5. Fluid changing mechanism; 501. Inlet pipe; 502. Outlet pipe; 503. Water pump; 504. Solenoid valve;

[0041] 6. Cover plate;

[0042] 7. Inspection port;

[0043] 8. Partition;

[0044] 9. Piston sample. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0046] Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device in an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a drive assembly 2, and a temperature control assembly 3.

[0047] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the drive assembly 2 includes a rotating part 201 and a lifting part 202. Two lifting parts 202 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating part 201. The lifting parts 202 are used to load the piston sample 9 and drive it to move up and down; combined with... Figure 5As shown, the temperature control component 3 includes a heating part 301 and a cooling part 302 arranged symmetrically. The heating part 301 is used to heat the piston sample 9 transported by the drive component 2 to the highest test temperature. The cooling part 302 includes an air-cooling mechanism 3021 and a liquid storage tank 3022 with the upper and lower parts facing each other. The air-cooling mechanism 3021 and the liquid storage tank 3022 are used to cool the piston sample 9 transported by the drive component 2 to the lowest test temperature.

[0048] Specifically, the heating part 301 can be configured as a ring induction coil, which is arranged around the heating area. When the piston sample 9 is placed inside the ring induction coil, the ring induction coil can heat the piston sample 9 after being energized.

[0049] The air-cooling mechanism 3021 of the cooling section 302 is a multi-directional jet array located directly above the liquid storage cylinder 3022, used to provide forced convection cooling to the upper part of the piston sample 9.

[0050] Please see Figure 2 As shown, the rotating part 201 includes a turntable 2011 and a stepper motor 2012. The center of the turntable 2011 is fixed to the output end of the stepper motor 2012, which is used to drive the two lifting parts 202 to rotate alternately.

[0051] It should be noted that the stepper motor 2012 is existing technology, which can achieve precise angular rotation through control components, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0052] Please see 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lifting unit 202 includes an electric telescopic rod 2021 mounted on a turntable 2011. The top of the electric telescopic rod 2021 is provided with a fixing ring 2022. The fixing ring 2022 is provided with two symmetrically distributed connecting plates 2023. A clamping mechanism 4 is provided between the two connecting plates 2023.

[0053] Please see Figure 3 As shown, the clamping mechanism 4 includes a support plate 401 fixed to two connecting plates 2023. The support plate 401 is provided with two symmetrically distributed elastic plates 402. The top of the elastic plate 402 is provided with an inclined structure for adaptively clamping the piston sample 9.

[0054] Please see Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the top of the box 1 is provided with two symmetrically distributed cover plates 6 for taking out and putting in the piston sample 9, and the side wall of the box 1 is provided with an inspection port 7.

[0055] Please see Figure 4As shown, the temperature control component 3 also includes a first temperature measuring unit 303 and a second temperature measuring unit 304. The first temperature measuring unit 303 is used to measure the temperature of the piston sample 9 during heating, and the second temperature measuring unit 304 is used to measure the temperature of the piston sample 9 during cooling, so that the temperature of the piston sample 9 during testing meets the test conditions. The housing 1 is also equipped with a control component, which is used to control the operation of the drive component 2 and the temperature control component 3.

[0056] Specifically, both the first temperature measuring unit 303 and the second temperature measuring unit 304 can use infrared sensors in the prior art. They can monitor the temperature of the piston sample 9 in the heating area and the cooling area in real time through the infrared sensors, respectively, and form a closed-loop feedback with the control component to transmit the obtained temperature data to the control component.

[0057] When in use, the staff needs to connect the equipment to the circuit, open the inspection port 7, add coolant into the reservoir 3022. In the initial state, both clamping mechanisms 4 are located below the cover plate 6. The staff opens the two cover plates 6 and then puts the two test piston samples 9 into the box 1.

[0058] With the piston sample 9 head facing upwards, it passes through the fixing ring 2022. The bottom of the piston sample 9 contacts the inclined surface at the upper end of the elastic plate 402. The piston sample 9 presses the two elastic plates 402 through the inclined surface, causing the two elastic plates 402 to separate to both sides until the bottom of the piston sample 9 contacts the support plate 401. The two elastic plates 402 always clamp the piston sample 9 to prevent the piston sample 9 from tipping over during the test. At this time, the piston sample 9 is fixed on the clamping mechanism 4.

[0059] The operator controls the drive assembly 2 through the control component. The rotating part 201 in the drive assembly 2 starts to operate, that is, the stepper motor 2012 drives the turntable 2011 to rotate. The turntable 2011 drives the lifting part 202 and the piston sample 9 to rotate. One of the piston samples 9 will be moved into the heating part 301. It should be noted that in order to avoid the heating part 301 affecting the rotation of the piston sample 9, before the rotating part 201 starts to rotate, the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting part 202 will retract first. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixing ring 2022 to descend. The fixing ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to move down through the connecting plate 2023, so that the piston sample 9 and the heating part 301 are in different heights within the box 1.

[0060] When the piston sample 9 moves to below the heating part 301, the rotating part 201 stops rotating, and the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting part 202 begins to extend. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixing ring 2022 to rise. The fixing ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to move upward through the connecting plate 2023 until the piston sample 9 is located inside the heating part 301.

[0061] Meanwhile, another piston sample 9 will be moved into the cooling section 302. It should be noted that in order to avoid the liquid storage cylinder 3022 affecting the rotation of the piston sample 9, before the rotation section 201 starts to rotate, the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting section 202 will extend first. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixing ring 2022 to rise. The fixing ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to move upward through the connecting plate 2023, so that the piston sample 9 and the liquid storage cylinder 3022 are located in the space at different heights inside the box 1.

[0062] When the piston sample 9 moves between the liquid storage cylinder 3022 and the air-cooling mechanism 3021, the rotating part 201 stops rotating, and the electric telescopic rod 2021 in the lifting part 202 begins to retract. The output end of the electric telescopic rod 2021 drives the fixing ring 2022 to descend. The fixing ring 2022 drives the clamping mechanism 4 and the piston sample 9 to descend through the connecting plate 2023 until the piston sample 9 moves into the liquid storage cylinder 3022 and the lower part of the piston sample 9 is immersed in the coolant.

[0063] The operator controls the heating unit 301 to operate via the control component. The heating unit 301 starts heating the piston sample 9. The first temperature measuring unit 303 can measure the temperature of the piston sample 9 in real time during heating. When the temperature of the piston sample 9 reaches the maximum test temperature, the heating unit 301 stops working. At the same time, the control component controls the cooling unit 302 to operate. The coolant in the liquid storage tank 3022 cools the lower part of the other piston sample 9. The cold air blown by the air cooling mechanism 3021 in the cooling unit 302 acts on the upper part of the piston sample 9, accelerating the cooling speed of the piston sample 9. The second temperature measuring unit 304 can measure the temperature of the piston sample 9 in real time during cooling. When the temperature of the piston sample 9 reaches the minimum test temperature, the air cooling mechanism 3021 stops working, the lifting unit 202 operates and drives the piston sample 9 to move upward, so that the piston sample 9 is separated from the coolant.

[0064] The control component controls the drive component 2 to work, causing the positions of the two piston samples 9 to be interchanged. The heating unit 301 heats the cooled piston samples 9, and the coolant and air-cooling mechanism 3021 cools the heated piston samples 9. Then, the two piston samples 9 are heated and cooled in a cycle, and the number of cycles is counted. When the number of cycles reaches a preset value, the operator can take the two piston samples 9 out of the box 1 and analyze the surface condition of the piston samples 9 using existing analysis equipment, thereby obtaining the material performance parameters of the piston samples 9. This method is more efficient than existing testing equipment. Example 2

[0065] During actual testing, it was found that the coolant in the reservoir 3022 was in direct contact with the heated piston sample 9, and the temperature of the piston sample 9 was transferred to the coolant. After a certain number of cycles, the temperature of the coolant would rise significantly, thereby affecting the cooling rate of the subsequent piston sample 9 and reducing the efficiency of the test. Further improvements were made based on the above embodiment.

[0066] Please see Figure 4 As shown, the temperature control component 3 also includes a coolant exchange mechanism 5. The coolant exchange mechanism 5 includes an inlet pipe 501 and an outlet pipe 502 located at the bottom of the storage tank 3022. A water pump 503 is provided in the middle of the inlet pipe 501. The water pump 503 is used to add coolant to the storage tank 3022. A solenoid valve 504 is provided in the middle of the outlet pipe 502. The solenoid valve 504 is used to control the discharge of waste liquid in the storage tank 3022, thereby realizing automatic replacement of coolant.

[0067] Specifically, the inlet pipe 501 and the outlet pipe 502 are connected to the bottom of the storage tank 3022, and the inlet end of the inlet pipe 501 is connected to the external coolant circulation system, while the outlet end of the outlet pipe 502 is connected to the waste liquid recovery device.

[0068] Please see Figure 5 As shown, the housing 1 is provided with a partition 8 located between the heating section 301 and the cooling section 302. The partition 8 is made of heat-insulating material and divides the housing 1 into independent heating and cooling areas.

[0069] Based on the above embodiments, before use, the operator needs to connect the inlet pipe 501 to the external coolant circulation system and the outlet pipe 502 to the waste liquid recovery device. After the two piston samples 9 are heated and cooled, the control component controls the solenoid valve 504 to open, and the waste liquid in the storage tank 3022 flows out from the outlet pipe 502 and finally flows to the external waste liquid recovery device for treatment. When all the waste water in the storage tank 3022 has flowed out, the control component controls the solenoid valve 504 to close, and at the same time the water pump 503 starts to work. The coolant in the external coolant circulation system flows into the storage tank 3022 from the inlet pipe 501. The operator can add a level gauge to the storage tank 3022. When the coolant in the storage tank 3022 reaches the preset reading of the level gauge, the water pump 503 stops working.

[0070] The drive component 2 drives the heated piston sample 9 into the newly replaced coolant, thereby achieving a better cooling effect and improving the testing efficiency of the piston sample 9. Example 3

[0071] This embodiment provides a testing method for testing pistons using an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device, including the following steps:

[0072] S1. The control component drives the clamping mechanism 4 to the bottom of the cover plate 6. After the cover is opened, two piston samples 9 are placed in, and then one is driven to the heating area and the other to the cooling area.

[0073] S2. The control unit starts the heating unit 301 and the cooling unit 302, which respectively operate on the piston sample 9 in two areas. The first temperature measuring unit 303 and the second temperature measuring unit 304 measure the temperature and feed it back to the control unit.

[0074] S3. When the temperature reaches the target, the control component drives the piston sample 9 to exchange areas. The air-cooling mechanism 3021 and the coolant work together to cool the heated piston sample 9, and then alternately heat and cool the two piston samples 9.

[0075] S4. After cycling to the set number of times, the control component drives the removal of the two piston samples 9, and the surface is analyzed to evaluate the performance.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device, comprising a box (1), characterized in that: a driving assembly (2) and a temperature control assembly (3) are arranged in the box (1); the driving assembly (2) comprises two symmetrical lifting parts (202) and a rotating part (201) for driving the rotation of the two lifting parts (202), for alternately transporting the piston sample (9) to the heating area and the cooling area; the temperature control assembly (3) comprises a heating part (301) and a cooling part (302) arranged symmetrically, and the cooling part (302) is composed of an air cooling mechanism (3021) and a liquid storage cylinder (3022) arranged oppositely; the heating part (301) is an annular induction coil arranged around the heating area; the air cooling mechanism (3021) of the cooling part (302) is a multi-directional air jet array located directly above the liquid storage cylinder (3022) and used for forced convection cooling of the upper part of the piston sample (9); the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder (3022) is connected with a liquid changing mechanism (5), and the liquid changing mechanism (5) comprises a liquid inlet pipe (501), a liquid outlet pipe (502), a water pump (503) and an electromagnetic valve (504), and is used for realizing automatic replacement of the cooling liquid.

2. The aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating part (201) comprises a rotating disc (2011) and a stepping motor (2012), the center of the rotating disc (2011) is fixed with the output end of the stepping motor (2012), and the two lifting parts (202) are driven to rotate alternately.

3. The aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting part (202) comprises an electric telescopic rod (2021) mounted on the rotating disc (2011), and the top of the electric telescopic rod (2021) is connected with a clamping mechanism (4) through a fixing ring (2022), and the clamping mechanism (4) comprises an elastic plate (402) with an inclined surface, which is used for self-adaptive clamping of the piston sample (9).

4. The aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a partition plate (8) is arranged in the box (1), which is made of heat insulation material and divides the box (1) into independent heating area and cooling area.

5. The aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature control assembly (3) further comprises a first temperature measuring part (303) and a second temperature measuring part (304), which respectively monitor the temperature of the piston sample (9) in the heating area and the cooling area in real time through infrared sensors, and form a closed loop feedback with the control assembly.

6. The aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid inlet pipe (501) and the liquid outlet pipe (502) are respectively communicated with the bottom of the liquid storage cylinder (3022), and the inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe (501) is connected with an external cooling liquid circulating system, and the outlet end of the liquid outlet pipe (502) is connected with a waste liquid recovery device.

7. The aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box (1) is provided with two symmetrical cover plates (6) on the top for taking and placing the piston samples (9), and the box (1) is provided with an inspection opening (7) on the side wall.

8. A method of testing a piston in an aluminum alloy piston material performance testing device according to any of claims 1-7, wherein, The test method comprises the following steps: S1, the control assembly drives the clamping mechanism (4) to below the cover plate (6), opens the cover plate, and then puts two piston samples (9) into the cover plate, and then drives one of the piston samples to the heating area and the other to the cooling area; S2, the control assembly starts the heating part (301) and the cooling part (302), and the two parts work on the piston samples (9) in the two areas respectively, and the first temperature measuring part (303) and the second temperature measuring part (304) measure the temperature and feed back to the control assembly; S3, when the temperature reaches the standard, the control assembly drives the piston samples (9) to exchange the areas, the air cooling mechanism (3021) and the cooling liquid cooperatively cool the heated piston samples (9), and then alternately heat and cool the two piston samples (9); S4, after the set number of cycles, the control assembly drives the two piston samples (9) to be taken out, and analyzes the surface to evaluate the performance.

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