Display substrate and display device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a display substrate and a display device. According to the display substrate, the light adjusting layer is arranged, so that in at least one edge area of the display substrate, the display substrate is configured to be in a first state, light emitted by the light emitting unit penetrates through the light adjusting layer, the display substrate can diffuse the light at a normal visual angle, and a normal display mode is achieved; the display substrate is configured to be in the second state, and the light adjusting layer forms a lens and gathers the light emitted by the light emitting unit, so that the display substrate can reduce the light diverged by a large viewing angle, reduce the viewing angle of the display substrate and realize a peep-proof display mode, thereby realizing switching between the peep-proof display mode and a normal display mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a display substrate and a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of display technologies, users increasingly pay attention to the protection of personal information. Therefore, anti-peeping display devices have received more and more attention. An anti-peeping display device refers to a device that, without affecting the user's use, makes it impossible for bystanders to clearly see or even see the user's viewing screen. Its principle is that light with a large viewing angle cannot be diverged, and only light with a front viewing angle or a small viewing angle can be diverged. Thus, the display screen can only be clearly seen at the front viewing angle or a small viewing angle, realizing anti-peeping display. Some anti-peeping display devices are realized by attaching an anti-peeping film to the display device. However, attaching the anti-peeping film will cause a decrease in brightness. Prolonged use by users is likely to cause eye fatigue, affecting eyesight. Moreover, this anti-peeping method cannot achieve switching of the display mode. When it is necessary to switch from the anti-peeping mode to the sharing mode, the anti-peeping film can only be torn off, and the two cannot be switched in real time, unable to meet the needs of users in different scenarios.

[0003] Therefore, existing anti-peeping display devices have the technical problem of being unable to switch the display mode. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a display substrate and a display device to solve the technical problem that existing anti-peeping display devices are unable to switch the display mode.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present application, a display substrate is provided. The display substrate includes:

[0006] A first substrate including a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array;

[0007] A second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate;

[0008] A light adjustment layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate;

[0009] Wherein, in at least one edge region of the display substrate, the display substrate is configured in a first state, and the light emitted by the light-emitting units passes through the light adjustment layer; the display substrate is configured in a second state, and the light adjustment layer forms a lens and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting units.

[0010] According to a second aspect of the present application, a display device is provided. The display device includes the display substrate according to any one of the above embodiments.

[0011] Embodiments of the present application provide a display substrate and a display device. By providing a light regulation layer, in at least one edge region of the display substrate, the display substrate is configured in a first state, and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit passes through the light regulation layer, enabling the display substrate to emit light in a normal viewing angle and realizing a normal display mode. The display substrate is configured in a second state, the light regulation layer forms a lens and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting unit, enabling the display substrate to reduce the light emitted in a large viewing angle, reducing the viewing angle of the display substrate, and realizing an anti-peeping display mode, thereby realizing the switching between the anti-peeping display mode and the normal display mode.

[0012] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in detail in the following specific implementation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0014] In order to more completely understand the present application and its beneficial effects, the following will be described in conjunction with the drawings, where the same reference numerals represent the same parts in the following description.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the first display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application when configured in the first state.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a first schematic diagram of the first display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application when configured in the second state.

[0018] Figure 4 It is a second schematic diagram of the first display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application when configured in the second state.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the second display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application when configured in the first state.

[0020] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the second display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application when configured in the second state.

[0021] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the third display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application when configured in the second state.

[0022] Figure 8 Schematic diagram when the third display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the first state.

[0023] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the display device provided by the embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0025] In view of the technical problem that the existing anti-peeping display device cannot switch the display mode, the embodiment of the present application provides a display substrate and a display device to solve the above technical problem.

[0026] Figure 1 Planar schematic diagram of the display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 Schematic diagram when the first display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the first state. Figure 3 The first schematic diagram when the first display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the second state. Figure 4 The second schematic diagram when the first display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the second state. Figure 5 Schematic diagram when the second display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the first state. Figure 6 Schematic diagram when the second display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the second state. Figure 7 Schematic diagram when the third display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the second state. Figure 8 Schematic diagram when the third display substrate provided by the embodiment of the present application is configured in the first state. Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the display device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0027] As Figures 1 to 8 shown, the embodiment of the present application provides a display substrate. The display substrate 1 includes a first substrate 11, a second substrate 12, and a light adjustment layer 13. The first substrate 11 includes a plurality of light-emitting units 114 arranged in an array. The second substrate 12 is disposed opposite to the first substrate 11. The light adjustment layer 13 is disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12;

[0028] Wherein, within at least one edge region of the display substrate 1, the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13; the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, the light-adjusting layer 13 forms a lens 17, and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114.

[0029] An embodiment of the present application provides a display substrate. By providing a light-adjusting layer 13 on the display substrate 1, within at least one edge region of the display substrate 1, the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13; such that the display substrate 1 can diverge light at a normal viewing angle to achieve a normal display mode; the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, the light-adjusting layer 13 forms a lens 17, and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114, such that the display substrate 1 can reduce the light diverging at a large viewing angle, reduce the viewing angle of the display substrate 1, and achieve an anti-peeping display mode, thereby realizing the switching between the anti-peeping display mode and the normal display mode.

[0030] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 show the optical path diagram of light when the display substrate is configured in the first state, and Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 show the optical path diagram of light when the display substrate 1 is configured in the second state. It can be understood that the display substrate may also have a state where the light-emitting unit does not emit light.

[0031] Specifically, it can be understood that as Figure 1 shows, the display substrate 1 may include a display area 101 and a non-display area 102. The display area 101 may include an intermediate area 101a and a plurality of edge areas 101b provided around the intermediate area 101a; however, the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. The non-display area 102 in the display substrate 1 may be processed by bending or the like and located on the backlight surface of the display substrate 1, such that there is no non-display area 102 on the front surface of the display substrate 1, or there is only one side, two sides, or three sides of the non-display area 102 provided on the front surface of the display substrate 1.

[0032] Specifically, it can be understood that as seen from Figure 1 , there are four edge areas 101b provided around the intermediate area 101a. "Within at least one edge area 101b of the display substrate 1" means within one edge area 101b, two edge areas 101b, three edge areas 101b, and four edge areas 101b of the display substrate 1.

[0033] Specifically, it can be understood that the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, the display substrate 1 is in a normal display mode, and the light emitted by the display substrate 1 can be emitted at a normal angle or even a large angle; the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, the display substrate 1 is in an anti-peeping display mode, the light emitted by the display substrate 1 is emitted at a small angle, and there may be no light or less light at a large viewing angle of the display substrate 1. The large viewing angle here can be set according to different requirements. For example, a viewing angle greater than 45 degrees is regarded as a large viewing angle.

[0034] Specifically, as Figure 2 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 8 shown, when the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13, it means that when the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13 at a normal divergence angle, that is, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 is not converged but diverges at a normal angle. It can be understood that since each film layer in the display substrate 1 may have a certain converging effect on the light, it is still considered that the light-adjusting layer does not converge the light at this time, that is, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13.

[0035] Specifically, when the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state and the light-adjusting layer 13 forms a lens 17 and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114, it means that when the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, the light-adjusting layer 13 will act as a lens 17 to converge the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114. The light-adjusting layer 13 forming a lens 17 can form a liquid crystal lens or a solid light-gathering structure acting as a lens.

[0036] Specifically, in two relatively arranged edge regions of the display substrate 1, when the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13; when the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, the light-adjusting layer 13 forms a lens 17 and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114.

[0037] Specifically, considering that during anti-peeping display, it is mainly to prevent the light from diverging to the left and right sides. Therefore, in two relatively arranged edge regions of the display substrate 1, when the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13; when the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, the light-adjusting layer 13 forms a lens 17 and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114.

[0038] Specifically, the two relatively arranged edge regions of the display substrate 1 may be the edge regions 101b on the left and right sides of the middle region 101a, or the edge regions 101b on the upper and lower sides of the middle region 101a.

[0039] Specifically, within the display area 101 of the display substrate 1, the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the light-adjusting layer 13; the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, and the light-adjusting layer 13 forms a lens 17 and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114. This makes the display effects of all regions within the display area 101 of the display substrate 1 the same.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the light-adjusting layer 13 includes a liquid crystal layer 14, the liquid crystal layer 14 includes liquid crystal molecules 141, the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, and the light 16 emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 passes through the liquid crystal layer 14. The display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, and the liquid crystal molecules 141 form a lens 17 and converge the light 16 emitted by the light-emitting unit 114. By making the light-adjusting layer 13 include the liquid crystal layer 14 and the liquid crystal layer 14 include the liquid crystal molecules 141, in the first state, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 can pass through the liquid crystal layer 14 to achieve a normal display mode. In the second state, the liquid crystal molecules 141 form a lens 17 to converge the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 to achieve an anti-peeping display mode.

[0041] Specifically, by the different states of the liquid crystal molecules when powered on and powered off, the angle of the light can be changed, thereby achieving the convergence or non-convergence of the light and realizing the anti-peeping display or the normal display.

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 4As shown, the liquid crystal molecules 141 include positive liquid crystals. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the first state is greater than that in the second state. The liquid crystal molecules 141 form a concave lens 171. By making the liquid crystal molecules positive liquid crystals and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the first state greater than that in the second state, and the liquid crystal molecules 141 form a concave lens 171, in the first state, the liquid crystal molecules can be made non-polarized (can have an initial alignment angle), and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 can pass through the liquid crystal layer 14 to achieve a normal display mode. In the second state, the liquid crystal molecules 141 form a concave lens 171, and since the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 141 becomes smaller, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 is converged to achieve an anti-peeking display mode.

[0043] In some embodiments, as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 shown, the liquid crystal molecules 141 include negative liquid crystals. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the first state is less than that in the second state. The liquid crystal molecules 141 form a convex lens 172. By making the liquid crystal molecules negative liquid crystals and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the first state less than that in the second state, and the liquid crystal molecules 141 form a convex lens 172, in the first state, the liquid crystal molecules can be made non-polarized (can have an initial alignment angle), and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 can pass through the liquid crystal layer 14 to achieve a normal display mode. In the second state, the liquid crystal molecules 141 form a convex lens 172, and since the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 141 becomes larger, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 is converged to achieve an anti-peeking display mode. Specifically, in the first state, the liquid crystal layer 14 has no converging effect on light, and the light diverges at a normal divergence angle. In the second state, by voltage regulating the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 14, the liquid crystal molecules 141 can be converged to form a lens 17, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 increases, so that the light can be converged and the divergence angle of the light can be reduced to achieve an anti-peeking display effect.

[0044] Specifically, by making the light adjustment layer 13 include the liquid crystal layer 14, the switching between the normal display mode and the anti-peeking display mode is realized through the change of the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 141 in the liquid crystal layer 14 and the morphological change of the liquid crystal molecules 141, and the structure of the display substrate is relatively simple.

[0045] Specifically, the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the second state and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the first state is greater than 0.2, and can be, for example, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5.

[0046] Specifically, the thickness range of the liquid crystal layer 14 is from 10 micrometers to 30 micrometers.

[0047] Specifically, the liquid crystal molecules can be TN (Twisted Nematic) type liquid crystals.

[0048] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, and the liquid crystal molecules 141 in the liquid crystal layer 14 form a plurality of lenses 17, and each lens 17 is correspondingly arranged with a column of the light-emitting units 114. By making the liquid crystal molecules 141 form a plurality of lenses 17, and each lens 17 is correspondingly arranged with a column of light-emitting units 114, the light emitted by each column of light-emitting units 114 can be converged by each lens 17, improving the convergence effect, reducing the viewing angle, and improving the anti-peeping effect.

[0049] Specifically, the first state can be the state where the liquid crystal is not in an electric field, and the second state can be the state where the liquid crystal is in an electric field, that is, the driving electrode is not powered in the first state, and the driving voltage is powered in the second state.

[0050] Specifically, since there are multiple rows and multiple columns of light-emitting units 114 in the display substrate 1, when converging the light through the lens 17, the lenses 17 formed by the liquid crystal molecules 141 can be arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the light-emitting units 114; however, the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. Considering that the one-to-one correspondence between the lenses 17 formed by the liquid crystal molecules 141 and the light-emitting units 114 may lead to complex driving, therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 141 can form multiple columns of lenses or multiple rows of lenses, and each column of lenses or each row of lenses is correspondingly arranged with a column of light-emitting units or a row of light-emitting units 114, so as to reduce the driving complexity and converge the light; the lenses 17 can also be arranged in correspondence with all the light-emitting units.

[0051] Specifically, considering that the viewing angle is mainly reduced on the left and right sides during anti-peeping display, therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 141 can form a plurality of lenses 17 in the second state, and each lens 17 is correspondingly arranged with a column of light-emitting units 114, so as to reduce the viewing angle on the left and right sides and achieve anti-peeping display.

[0052] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 8 shown, the first substrate 11 further includes a first base 111, a first array layer 112, and a first electrode layer 113. The first array layer 112 is disposed on one side of the first base 111 close to the second substrate 12, the first electrode layer 113 is disposed on one side of the first array layer 112 close to the second substrate 12, and the light-emitting unit 114 is disposed on one side of the first electrode layer 113 close to the second substrate 12;

[0053] The second substrate 12 includes a second base 121, a second array layer 122, and a second electrode layer 123. The second array layer 122 is disposed on a side of the second base 121 close to the first substrate 11, and the second electrode layer 123 is disposed on a side of the second array layer 122 close to the first substrate 11.

[0054] Specifically, as Figures 2 to 4 shown, within at least one edge region of the display substrate 1, the second electrode layer 123 includes a plurality of driving electrodes 21 arranged at intervals, and each lens 17 is correspondingly arranged with the plurality of driving electrodes 21.

[0055] Specifically, by making the first substrate 11 further include a first base 111, a first array layer 112, and a first electrode layer 113 arranged in sequence, the first array layer 112 and the first electrode layer 113 can input signals to the light-emitting unit 114 to enable the normal operation of the light-emitting unit 114, and the first electrode layer 113 can cooperate with the second electrode layer 123 to control the deflection of the liquid crystal molecules 141 of the liquid crystal layer 14, thereby realizing the switching between the normal display mode and the anti-peeping display mode.

[0056] Specifically, in the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, the first electrode layer 113 is schematically shown as a whole layer. It can be understood that, in order to realize the signal input of the light-emitting unit 114, the first electrode layer 113 is not arranged as a whole layer.

[0057] Specifically, the light-emitting unit 114 may include a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Then, thin-film transistors may be arranged in the first array layer 112, the output end of the thin-film transistor is connected to the positive electrode of the light-emitting unit, and the first electrode layer 113 may form a common electrode, and the common electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the light-emitting unit 114 to realize the normal operation of the light-emitting unit 114.

[0058] Specifically, the light-emitting unit 114 is disposed on a side of the first electrode layer 113 close to the second substrate 12, so that the light-emitting unit and the liquid crystal layer are encapsulated in a liquid crystal cell formed by the first substrate and the second substrate, avoiding the light-emitting unit from being eroded by water and oxygen and improving the yield of the display substrate.

[0059] Specifically, by making the second substrate 12 include a second base 121, a second array layer 122, and a second electrode layer 123 arranged in sequence, within at least one edge region of the display substrate 1, the second electrode layer 123 includes a plurality of driving electrodes 21 arranged at intervals, so that the driving electrodes 21 can control the state of the liquid crystal molecules 141 in the liquid crystal layer 14 by inputting different voltages, thereby realizing the switching between the normal display mode and the anti-peeping display mode.

[0060] Specifically, the display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, and the input voltage on the second electrode layer 123 can be zero, so that the liquid crystal molecules 141 do not deflect, and the light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 directly passes through the light-adjusting layer 13.

[0061] In some embodiments, as Figures 2 to 4 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in a second state. In the region corresponding to a lens 17, along the direction from the edge region corresponding to the lens 17 to the middle region corresponding to the lens 17, the input voltages of the driving electrodes 21 decrease. By making the input voltages of the driving electrodes 21 decrease along the direction from the edge region corresponding to the lens 17 to the middle region corresponding to the lens 17 when the display substrate 1 is configured in the second state, the liquid crystal molecules 141 can form a lens, or the refractive index difference between the liquid crystal molecules 141 and the light condensing structure 18 is equal, so as to converge the light.

[0062] In some embodiments, as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 shown, in the region corresponding to a lens 17, the driving electrode 21 includes a first sub-electrode 211, a second sub-electrode 212, a third sub-electrode 213, and a fourth sub-electrode 214 arranged in sequence. The input voltages of the first sub-electrode 211 and the fourth sub-electrode 214 are equal, the input voltages of the second sub-electrode 212 and the third sub-electrode 213 are equal, and the input voltage of the first sub-electrode 211 is greater than the input voltage of the second sub-electrode 212. Then, the liquid crystal molecules 141 can be controlled by the input voltage to form a lens, or the refractive index difference between the liquid crystal molecules 141 and the light condensing structure 18 is equal, so as to converge the light.

[0063] Specifically, the above embodiments are described by taking the driving electrode 21 including a first sub-electrode 211, a second sub-electrode 212, a third sub-electrode 213, and a fourth sub-electrode 214 arranged in sequence as an example, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For example, the driving electrode 21 may further include a fifth sub-electrode 215 and a sixth sub-electrode 216. The fifth sub-electrode 215 is arranged on the side of the first sub-electrode 211 away from the second sub-electrode 212, the sixth sub-electrode 216 is arranged on the side of the fourth sub-electrode 214 away from the third sub-electrode 213, the input voltages of the fifth sub-electrode 215 and the sixth sub-electrode 216 are equal, and the input voltage of the fifth sub-electrode 215 is greater than the input voltage of the first sub-electrode 211.

[0064] Specifically, it can be made that along the direction from the edge region corresponding to the lens 17 to the middle region corresponding to the lens 17, the input voltages of the driving electrodes 21 decrease step by step.

[0065] For example, the voltage of the fifth sub-electrode 215 can be 8, the voltage of the first sub-electrode 211 can be 6, and the voltage of the second sub-electrode 212 can be 4.

[0066] Specifically, within the region corresponding to a said lens 17, the said drive electrodes 21 are symmetrically arranged. For example, the fifth sub-electrode 215 and the sixth sub-electrode 216 can be symmetrically arranged with respect to the midline of the lens 17, the first sub-electrode 211 and the fourth sub-electrode 214 can be symmetrically arranged with respect to the midline of the lens 17, and the second sub-electrode 212 and the third sub-electrode 213 can be symmetrically arranged with respect to the midline of the lens 17.

[0067] Specifically, it is also possible to make it such that within the region corresponding to a said lens 17, the drive electrode 21 includes a first sub-electrode 211, a second sub-electrode 212, and a third sub-electrode 213 arranged in sequence, the input voltages of the first sub-electrode 211 and the third sub-electrode 213 are equal, and the input voltage of the first sub-electrode 211 is greater than the input voltage of the second sub-electrode 212.

[0068] In some embodiments, as Figures 5 to 8 shown, the light modulating layer 13 includes a liquid crystal layer 14 and a light condensing structure 18. The display substrate 1 is configured in a first state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure 18. The display substrate 1 is configured in a second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is not equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure 18, and the light condensing structure 18 forms a lens 17. By making the light modulating layer 13 include the liquid crystal layer 14 and the light condensing structure 18, when the display substrate 1 is in the first state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure 18. Then, in the first state, the light emitted by the light emitting unit 114 can pass through the light modulating layer 13 to achieve a normal display mode. In the second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is not equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure 18, and the light condensing structure 18 forms a lens 17 to converge the light emitted by the light emitting unit 114 to achieve an anti-peeking display mode.

[0069] Specifically, it can be understood that due to factors such as process and material purity, in the first state, there may be a slight difference in the refractive index between the liquid crystal layer 14 and the light condensing structure 18. At this time, it is still considered that the refractive indices of the two are equal.

[0070] Specifically, as Figure 5 、 Figure 8 shown, when the display substrate 1 is in the first state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure 18. Then, at this time, it can be considered that the liquid crystal layer 14 and the light condensing structure 18 form a whole. Then, there is no refractive index difference in the light modulating layer 13 and no lens is formed, so the light 16 will directly pass through the light modulating layer 13. As Figure 6 、Figure 7 As shown, when the display substrate 1 is in the second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is not equal to that of the light condensing structure 18. At this time, the light condensing structure 18 forms a lens 17, which can converge light and achieve the anti-peeping display effect. Moreover, the shape of the light condensing structure 18 is stable, which can improve the light condensing effect.

[0071] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 、 Figure 6 shown, the light condensing structure 18 is disposed on one side of the liquid crystal layer 14 close to the second substrate 12. The side of the light condensing structure 18 facing the light emitting unit 114 protrudes. The liquid crystal layer 14 includes positive liquid crystal. In the second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is less than that in the first state. By disposing the light condensing structure 18 on one side of the liquid crystal layer 14 close to the second substrate 12, the side of the light condensing structure 18 facing the light emitting unit 114 protrudes, the liquid crystal layer 14 includes positive liquid crystal, and in the second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is less than that in the first state, so that the light converges after passing through the liquid crystal layer 14 and the light condensing structure 18. Then, when the display substrate 1 is in the second state, the light can be converged by the light condensing structure 18 to achieve the anti-peeping display effect.

[0072] Specifically, the light condensing structure 18 can be a convex lens.

[0073] Specifically, when the liquid crystal layer 14 is positive liquid crystal, the first state is the state when the liquid crystal layer is not in an electric field, and the second state is the state when the liquid crystal layer is in an electric field.

[0074] In some embodiments, as Figure 7 、 Figure 8 shown, the light condensing structure 18 is disposed on one side of the liquid crystal layer 14 close to the second substrate 12. The side of the light condensing structure 18 facing the light emitting unit 114 is concave. The liquid crystal layer 14 includes negative liquid crystal. In the second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is greater than that in the first state. By disposing the light condensing structure 18 on one side of the liquid crystal layer 14 close to the second substrate 12, the side of the light condensing structure 18 facing the light emitting unit 114 protrudes, the liquid crystal layer 14 includes positive liquid crystal, and in the second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is less than that in the first state, so that the light converges after passing through the liquid crystal layer 14 and the light condensing structure 18. Then, when the display substrate 1 is in the second state, the light can be converged by the light condensing structure 18 to achieve the anti-peeping display effect.

[0075] Specifically, the light condensing structure 18 can be a concave lens.

[0076] Specifically, when the liquid crystal layer 14 is a negative birefringence liquid crystal, the first state is the state in which the liquid crystal layer is within an electric field and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is close to or even equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure, and the second state is the state in which the liquid crystal layer is not within an electric field or the state in which the liquid crystal layer is within an electric field but the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 and the refractive index of the light condensing structure is relatively large.

[0077] Specifically, as Figures 5 to 8 shown, the second electrode layer 123 includes a plurality of driving electrodes 21 arranged at intervals, and each lens 17 is correspondingly arranged with one driving electrode 21.

[0078] Specifically, the absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the second state and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 in the first state is greater than 0.2, and can be, for example, 0.3, 0.4, or 0.5.

[0079] Specifically, the thickness range of the liquid crystal layer 14 is from 10 micrometers to 30 micrometers.

[0080] Specifically, the thickness range of the light condensing structure 18 is from 10 micrometers to 20 micrometers.

[0081] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 6 shown, the second substrate 12 further includes an alignment layer 124, and the alignment layer 124 is disposed on a side of the second electrode layer 123 away from the second substrate 121. It can be understood that Figure 7 and Figure 8 the alignment layer 124 can also be provided therein. However, the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto, and the alignment layer 124 can be disposed on the first substrate 11, or two alignment layers 124 can be provided and respectively disposed on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12.

[0082] Specifically, Figure 5 , Figure 6 are schematically shown with the alignment layer 124 only provided on the light condensing structure 18. It can be understood that the alignment layer 124 can be disposed on the entire surface within the liquid crystal cell.

[0083] Specifically, as Figures 1 to 5 shown, the display substrate 1 further includes a sealant 15.

[0084] Specifically, the materials of the first substrate and the second substrate can be glass.

[0085] Specifically, the materials of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer can be a transparent conductive oxide, such as indium tin oxide.

[0086] Specifically, the light condensing structure 18 can be a microlens, such as a micro convex lens or a micro concave lens.

[0087] Specifically, in the second state, the difference in refractive index between each part of the light condensing structure 18 and the corresponding liquid crystal molecules 141 can be made equal.

[0088] Specifically, the light-emitting unit includes a light-emitting diode.

[0089] Specifically, as Figure 2 , Figure 5 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in the first state, and no voltage may be input on the second electrode layer 123, or rather, the input voltage is zero, so that the liquid crystal layer 14 does not deflect. The light-emitting unit 114 is controlled to emit light through the first array layer 112 and the first electrode layer 113. The light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 directly passes through the liquid crystal layer 14 and exits, realizing a normal display mode; or as Figure 8 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in the first state, and a voltage is input on the second electrode layer 123.

[0090] Specifically, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in the second state, and a voltage may be input on the second electrode layer 123. Specifically, in the area corresponding to one of the lenses 17, along the direction from the edge area corresponding to the lens 17 to the middle area corresponding to the lens 17, the input voltage of each of the driving electrodes 21 changes stepwise, so that the liquid crystal molecules 141 form multiple lenses 17, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 141 changes, thereby converging the light and realizing an anti-peeping display mode; or as Figure 7 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in the second state, and no voltage may be input on the second electrode layer 123.

[0091] Specifically, as Figure 5 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in the first state, and no voltage may be input on the second electrode layer 123, or rather, the input voltage is zero, so that the liquid crystal layer 14 does not deflect. The light-emitting unit 114 is controlled to emit light through the first array layer 112 and the first electrode layer 113. At this time, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to that of the light condensing structure 18, and the liquid crystal layer 14 and the light condensing structure 18 form a whole. The light emitted by the light-emitting unit 114 directly passes through the light regulating layer 13 and exits, realizing a normal display mode.

[0092] Specifically, as Figure 6 shown, the display substrate 1 is configured in the second state, and a voltage may be input on the second electrode layer 123. Specifically, in the area corresponding to each of the lenses 17, each driving electrode 21 inputs a voltage, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules 141 changes, so that a refractive index difference is formed between the liquid crystal molecules 141 and the light condensing structure 18, and the light condensing structure 18 forms a lens to converge the light, realizing an anti-peeping display mode.

[0093] Specifically, the display substrate can be used as a display panel or a backlight module.

[0094] Specifically, the embodiments of the present application have described the display substrate in detail from aspects such as the film layer structure of the display substrate, the state of the display substrate, and the voltage change or morphological change of each film layer in different states of the display substrate. It can be understood that when there is no conflict among the embodiments, the embodiments can be combined. For example, the light modulation layer includes a liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules, the display substrate is configured in a first state, the light emitted by the light-emitting unit passes through the liquid crystal layer, the display substrate is configured in a second state, the liquid crystal molecules form a lens, and converge the light emitted by the light-emitting unit. When the display substrate is configured in the second state, within the region corresponding to one of the lenses, in the direction from the edge region corresponding to the lens to the middle region corresponding to the lens, the input voltage of each of the driving electrodes decreases.

[0095] Meanwhile, the embodiments of the present application provide a display device, which includes the display substrate as described in any one of the above embodiments.

[0096] As Figure 9 shown, the display device 3 includes a display panel 31 and a display substrate 1, and the display panel 31 is disposed in the light-emitting direction of the display substrate 1.

[0097] Specifically, the display panel 31 can be a liquid crystal display panel.

[0098] In the description of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0099] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0100] Among the embodiments, embodiments, and related technical features of the present application, they can be combined and replaced with each other without conflict.

[0101] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and do not impose any form of limitation on the present application. However, any simple modification, equivalent change, and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present application without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present application still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present application.

Claims

1. A display substrate, characterized in that, Comprising: A first substrate including a plurality of light-emitting units arranged in an array; A second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate; A light adjustment layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; Wherein, within at least one edge region of the display substrate, the display substrate is configured in a first state, and the light emitted by the light-emitting units passes through the light adjustment layer; the display substrate is configured in a second state, the light adjustment layer forms a lens, and converges the light emitted by the light-emitting units.

2. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The light adjustment layer includes a liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules; The display substrate is configured in a first state, and the light emitted by the light-emitting units passes through the liquid crystal layer; the display substrate is configured in a second state, the liquid crystal molecules form a lens, and converge the light emitted by the light-emitting units.

3. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein The liquid crystal molecules include positive-nematic liquid crystals. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the first state is greater than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the second state, and the liquid crystal molecules form a concave lens.

4. The display substrate according to claim 2, wherein The liquid crystal molecules include negative-nematic liquid crystals. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the first state is less than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the second state, and the liquid crystal molecules form a convex lens.

5. The display substrate according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, The first substrate further includes a first base, a first array layer, and a first electrode layer. The first array layer is disposed on a side of the first base close to the second substrate, the first electrode layer is disposed on a side of the first array layer close to the second substrate, and the light-emitting units are disposed on a side of the first electrode layer close to the second substrate; The second substrate includes a second base, a second array layer, and a second electrode layer. The second array layer is disposed on a side of the second base close to the first substrate, and the second electrode layer is disposed on a side of the second array layer close to the first substrate; Wherein, within at least one edge region of the display substrate, the second electrode layer includes a plurality of driving electrodes arranged at intervals, and each of the lenses is correspondingly disposed with a plurality of the driving electrodes.

6. The display substrate according to claim 5, wherein The display substrate is configured in a second state. Within a region corresponding to one of the lenses, in a direction from an edge region corresponding to the lens to a middle region corresponding to the lens, the input voltages of the respective driving electrodes decrease.

7. The display substrate according to claim 1, wherein The light adjustment layer includes a liquid crystal layer and a light condensing structure. The display substrate is configured in a first state, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure; the display substrate is configured in a second state, the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer is not equal to the refractive index of the light condensing structure, and the light condensing structure forms a lens.

8. The display substrate according to claim 7, wherein The light condensing structure is disposed on a side of the liquid crystal layer close to the second substrate. A side of the light condensing structure facing the light-emitting units protrudes. The liquid crystal layer includes positive-nematic liquid crystals. The refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the second state is less than the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the first state.

9. The display substrate according to claim 7, wherein The light condensing structure is disposed on a side of the liquid crystal layer close to the second substrate. A side of the light condensing structure facing the light emitting unit is concave. The liquid crystal layer includes negative liquid crystal, and the refractive index of the liquid crystal layer in the second state is greater than that in the first state.

10. A display device, characterized in that, A display substrate includes any one of the display substrates according to claims 1 to 9.

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