Wetland credit improvement quantification method fusing macroscopic remote sensing and microscopic engineering CAD (Computer Aided Design) data

Abstract

The invention discloses a wetland credit improvement quantification method fusing macroscopic remote sensing and microscopic engineering CAD data, and belongs to the field of ecological environment, and the method comprises the steps: determining a project range and a measure type of wetland ecological restoration; identifying ecological plaques of the forest land, the grassland and the water body in the engineering range before and after the implementation of the ecological restoration, and determining the area of the ecological plaques; identifying and determining an ecological system service type according to different ecological plaque types, and calculating an ecological system service; adding the ecological system service; determining the ecological system service sum of various types of ecological plaques in the wetland ecological restoration project range; calculating changes of ecological system services before and after the wetland ecological restoration project is implemented; the invention relates to a wetland credit gridding calculation method fusing macroscopic remote sensing data and engineering CAD data. And finally determining the improvement limit of the wetland credit. By adopting the method, the implementation of a wetland ecological restoration project and the accuracy of evaluation decision are enhanced, and the investment of wetland ecological restoration is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ecological environment, and in particular to a method for quantifying wetland credit improvement that integrates macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data. Background Art

[0002] Wetland ecosystems provide important ecosystem services such as water purification and climate regulation. It is estimated that global wetlands provide at least $47.4 trillion worth of ecosystem services annually. However, with the continuous development and utilization of wetland ecosystems by human activities, global wetland ecosystem services are facing the challenge of a sharp decline. To address this challenge, countries have explored credit trading mechanisms based on wetland ecological restoration, aiming to provide incentives and support for wetland ecological restoration through market-based means.

[0003] Wetland credit refers to a unified measurement unit for the various services provided by wetland ecosystems. After carrying out ecological restoration activities or measures such as wetland conservation, enhancement, restoration, and new construction, the various services provided by wetland ecosystems will be improved. Therefore, the subject matter of credit trading based on wetland ecological restoration is "wetland credit", and essentially, what is traded is wetland ecosystem services.

[0004] Establishing a quantitative method for comprehensively evaluating wetland credit is the crucial first step in the credit trading mechanism based on wetland ecological restoration. However, existing technologies mainly rely on qualitative or semi-quantitative evaluation models, resulting in three-dimensional systematic defects: First, the unstructured characteristics of the evaluation index system cause incomplete credit value accounting dimensions; second, discrete evaluation methods lead to credit distortion problems where the credit measurement results are too high or too low; third, the lack of unity in the measurement benchmark leads to ambiguous credit confirmation, which may trigger the risk of repeated credit trading. Moreover, these methods consider fewer types of wetland ecosystem services. Currently, no wetland credit quantification method that combines macro remote sensing data and micro engineering data and considers multiple types of ecosystem services has been established. This greatly limits the promotion and implementation of the market-based ecological compensation mechanism based on wetland ecological restoration. Therefore, it is highly necessary to establish a fully quantitative method to more accurately quantify the improvement of wetland credit after ecological restoration to determine the amount of "credit". Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for quantifying wetland credit improvement that integrates macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides a method for quantifying wetland credit improvement that integrates macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data, including the following steps:

[0007] S1. Determine the project scope and measure types for wetland ecological restoration. Based on the planning and design drawing of wetland ecological restoration, determine the boundary and scope of the project; according to the specific restoration measures and implementation progress of the project, determine the corresponding time factor for ecological restoration.

[0008] S2. Establish an ecological patch identification system to identify the ecological patches of forest land, grassland, and water body within the project scope before and after the implementation of ecological restoration and determine the area size of the ecological patches.

[0009] S3. For different ecological patch types, identify and determine the ecosystem service types, and calculate the ecosystem services of each ecological patch type respectively.

[0010] S4. Sum up the ecosystem services of each ecological patch type.

[0011] S5. Determine the total ecosystem service of each type of ecological patch within the wetland ecological restoration project scope.

[0012] S6. Calculate the change in ecosystem services before and after the implementation of the wetland ecological restoration project.

[0013] S7. Use CAD engineering drawings and remote sensing images to perform multi-perspective and multi-level calculations on ecological patches, and conduct grid processing and weighted overlay operations in combination with the characteristic attributes of each ecological patch.

[0014] S8. Finally, determine the improvement amount of wetland credit.

[0015] Preferably, the ecosystem services calculated in S3 are as follows:

[0016] a. Carbon sequestration and oxygen release BC:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, BC i is biological carbon sequestration (sej / yr); C i is the carbon sequestration per unit area of the i-th ecological patch type (g C / m 2 / yr); T i is the average turnover time of the i-th ecological patch type (yr); A i is the area of the ecological patch type (m 2 ); UEV BCi is the emergy conversion rate of the ecological patch type (sej / g).

[0019] b. Soil formation (FS):

[0020] FS i = FS OM + FS Min ;

[0021] In the formula, FS i is the constructed soil (sej / yr), which is the sum of the constructed soil organic matter (FS OM ) and minerals (FS Min );

[0022] c. Increase the sediment (IS):

[0023] IS i = ∑(OM ai × k1 × k 2i × k3 × A i × UEV omi );

[0024] OM ai = k4 × NPP i ;

[0025] Among them, IS i is the increased sediment (sej / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type (such as rivers, lakes, and swamps); OM ai is the annual sedimentation amount of organic matter in the i-th ecological patch type (g C / m 2 / yr); k1 is the percentage of organic matter absorbed by wetland plants, with a value of 0.78; k 2i is the conversion coefficient (kcal / g) of g to kcal in the i-th ecological patch type; k3 is the conversion coefficient from kcal to J, with a value of 4186 J / kcal; A i is the area (m 2 ) of the i-th ecological patch type; UEV omi is the energy value conversion rate of sedimented organic matter in the i-th ecological patch type (sej / J); k4 is the proportion of organic sediment in the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type, with a value of 30.37%; NPP i is the NPP amount (gC / m 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type.

[0026] d. Recharge groundwater (RW):

[0027] RW i = P i × A i × ρ × k i × 1000 × UEV RW ;

[0028] Among them, RW i is the recharge groundwater (sej / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; P i is the average annual precipitation (m / yr) within the range of the i-th ecological patch type; Ai is the area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); ρ is the density of water (kg / m 3 ); k i is the precipitation infiltration recharge coefficient of the i-th ecological patch type; 1000 is the coefficient for converting kg to g; UEV RW is the emergy conversion rate of precipitation infiltrating into groundwater. Since it is groundwater recharged by precipitation, the emergy conversion rate of rainwater (sej / g) is used here.

[0029] e. Purifying the atmosphere (PA):

[0030] PA i = PA HH + PA EQ ;

[0031] In the formula, PA i is the purification of the atmosphere of the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr), which is the sum of the reduction in human health losses (PA HH ) and the reduction in ecosystem losses (PA EQ );

[0032] f. Purifying water quality (PW):

[0033] PW i = PW HH + PW EQ ;

[0034] In the formula, PA i is the purification of water quality of the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr), which is the sum of the reduction in human health losses (PW HH ) and the reduction in ecological resource losses (PW EQ );

[0035] g. Soil retention (RS):

[0036] RS i = G i × 10 6 × r OMi × k3 × k5 × UEV soil ;

[0037] G i = (G Pi - G Ri ) × A i × k4;

[0038] In the formula, RS i is the soil retention of the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr); G iis the total annual soil retention (t / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; 106 is the conversion coefficient for converting t to g; r OMi is the percentage of organic matter content in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type; k3 is the conversion coefficient for converting g to J, which is 5.4 (kcal / g); k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg, with a value of (1E-6); k5 is the conversion coefficient for converting kcal to J, which is 4186 J / kcal; UEV soil is the emergy conversion rate of the soil (sej / j); G Pi is the potential soil erosion modulus (t / km 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; G Ri is the actual erosion modulus (t / km 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; A i is the area (m 2 ) of the i-th ecological patch type;

[0039] h. Regulation of local temperature and humidity (RM):

[0040] RM i = ET i × A i × UEV ET ;

[0041] Among them, RM i is the regulation of local temperature and humidity (sej / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; ET i is the annual evapotranspiration (g / m 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; A i is the area (m 2 ) of the i-th ecological patch type; UEV ET is the emergy conversion rate of evapotranspiration (sej / g);

[0042] i. Regulation of climate (RC):

[0043] RC i = RC Pi + RC Si ;

[0044] In the formula, RC i is the regulation of climate of the i-th ecological patch type, which is the sum of the reduction of the impact of climate change on human health (RC Pi ) and the reduction of the impact of the ecosystem quality by the carbon sink (RC Si ).

[0045] Preferably, the calculation formulas for organic matter (FS OM ) and minerals (FS Min ) are as follows:

[0046] Soil organic matter (FS OM )

[0047] FS OM = NPP i ×k 1i ×k2;

[0048] In the formula, FS OM is the constructed soil organic matter (sej / yr); NPP i is the emergy corresponding to the renewable resources of the ecological patch type (sej / yr); k 1i is the proportion of vegetation litter in the biomass of the ecological patch type (g / g, %); k2 is the carbon content in the vegetation litter (g / g, %).

[0049] Minerals (FS Min ):

[0050] FS Min = Max((P ij ×B i ×D i ×A i ×R × 10000) / T j ) × UEV mj ;

[0051] In the formula, FS Min is the constructed soil minerals (sej / yr); P ij is the percentage of the jth mineral in the total minerals in the soil of the ith ecological patch type (%); B i is the soil bulk density of the ith ecological patch type (g / cm3); D i is the soil thickness of the ith ecological patch type (cm); A i is the ecosystem area of the ith ecological patch type (m 2 ); R is the percentage of soil minerals in the total soil weight (%), taking a value of 95%; 10000 is the conversion coefficient from m 2 to cm 2 ; T j is the turnover time (years) of the jth mineral in the soil of the ith ecological patch type; UEV mj is the emergy conversion rate (sej / g) of the jth mineral in the soil of the ith ecological patch type.

[0052] Preferably, the calculation formulas for the reduction in population health losses (PA HH ) and the reduction in ecosystem losses (PA EQ ) are as follows:

[0053] Reduction in population health losses (PAHH )

[0054]

[0055] τ H =(I × EmR) / P;

[0056] Wherein, PA HH is the reduction in human health loss (sej / yr) after the i-th ecological patch type purifies air pollutants; M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th air pollutant (kg / ha / yr); A j is the area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); 0.0001 is the coefficient for converting m 2 to ha; DALY j is the impact factor of the j-th air pollutant in the evaluation framework of Eco-indicator 99, that is, the disability-adjusted life years caused by each kg of the j-th air pollutant to humans (person·year / kg); τ H is the emergy corresponding to the per capita total health cost in the region (sej / person); I is the total regional health cost (yuan); EmR is the emergy currency ratio in the region (sej / yuan); P is the permanent resident population in the region (person);

[0057] Reduction in ecosystem loss (PA EQ ):

[0058]

[0059] Wherein, PA EQ represents the emergy of the reduction in ecosystem loss after the i-th ecological patch type purifies air pollutants (sej / yr); M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th air pollutant (kg / ha / yr); PDF j represents the potential extinction proportion of species affected by the j-th air pollutant (PDF × m 2 × yr); 0.0001 is the conversion coefficient for converting m 2 to ha; Em spi represents the emergy required by the species in the study area where the i-th ecological patch type is located (sej / yr).

[0060] Preferably, the calculation formulas for the reduction in human health loss (PW HH ) and the reduction in ecological resource loss (PW EQ ) are as follows:

[0061] Reduction in human health loss (PW HH ):

[0062] PW HH = ∑((M ij × 0.001 × NPP j × A i × DALY j × k4 × τ H ) / T j );

[0063] Among them, PW HH is the reduction of human harm (sej / yr); M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th type of water pollutant (mg / kg); 0.001 is the conversion coefficient for converting kg to g; NPP j is the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type (gC / m 2 / yr); S i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by the j-th type of water pollutant (cap*yr / kg); k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg, with a value of (1E - 6); τ H is the emergy corresponding to the per capita total health cost in the region (sej / person); T j is the turnover time of the j-th type of water pollutant (yr), with a value of 1000 yr;

[0064] Reduction in ecological resource loss (PW EQ ):

[0065] PW EQ = ∑(M ij × 0.001 × NPP j × k4 × PDF j × Em spi ) / T j ;

[0066] Among them, PW EQ is the reduction of ecosystem loss (sej / yr); M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th type of water pollutant (mg / kg); 0.001 is the conversion coefficient for converting kg to g; NPP i is the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type (gC / m 2 / yr); k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg, with a value of (1E - 6); PDF j is the potential species extinction ratio caused by the j-th type of water pollutant (%×m 2 × yr × kg-1); Em spi is the emergy required by the species in the i-th ecological patch type; T jis the turnover time (yr) of the water pollutant of the jth category, with a value of 1000 yr.

[0067] Preferably, the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of climate change on human health (RC Pi ) and the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of ecosystem quality (RC Si ) are calculated as follows:

[0068] The reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of climate change on human health (RC Pi ):

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, RC Pi is the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of climate change on human health (sej / yr) for the ith ecological patch type; C ij is the average fixation amount of greenhouse gas j per unit area of the ith ecological patch type at the global scale (fixation amount (g / m 2 / yr); 0.001 is for converting g to kg; DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by each kg of the jth category of greenhouse gas (person·year / kg); T j is the life cycle (yr) of the jth category of greenhouse gas; τ H is the total regional health cost per capita (sej / cap); A' i is the area (ha) of the ith ecological patch type after being corrected by VF;

[0071] The reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of ecosystem quality (RC Si ):

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, RC Si is the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of ecosystem quality (sej / yr) for the ith ecological patch type; C ij is the average fixation amount of greenhouse gas j per unit area of the ith ecological patch type at the global scale (fixation amount (g / m 2 / yr); 0.001 is for converting g to kg; DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by each kg of the jth category of greenhouse gas (person·year / kg); T j is the life cycle (yr) of the jth category of greenhouse gas; PDF j is the potential species extinction proportion caused by the jth category of greenhouse gas; Em spi represents the emergy required to maintain the species of the ith ecological patch type.

[0074] Preferably, the content of S4 is as follows:

[0075] Total ecosystem services of water patches:

[0076] WES w = ∑(Max(BC w , IS w , RW w , RM w ), PW w , RC w );

[0077] Among them, WES w represents the total ecosystem services of water patches, BC w represents the biological carbon sequestration of water patches, IS w represents the increase in organic matter in the sediment of water patches, RW w , represents the recharge of groundwater by water patches, RM w represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity by water patches, PW w represents the water quality purification of water patches, RC w represents the climate regulation of water patches. The unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr;

[0078] Total ecosystem services of grassland patches:

[0079] WES g = ∑(Max(BC g , FC g , RW g , RM g ), PA g , RS g , RC g );

[0080] Among them, WES g represents the total ecosystem services of grassland patches, BC g represents the biological carbon sequestration of grassland patches, FC g represents the soil formation of grassland patches, RW g represents the recharge of groundwater by grassland patches, RM g represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity by grassland patches, PA g represents the air purification of grassland patches, RS g represents the reduction of soil and water loss by grassland patches, RC g represents the climate regulation of grassland patches. The unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr.

[0081] Total ecosystem services of forest patches:

[0082] WES f = ∑(Max(BCf , FC f , RW f , RM f ), PA f , RS f , RC f );

[0083] Among them, WES f represents the total ecosystem services of the forest land patch, BC f represents the biological carbon sequestration of the forest land patch, FC f represents the soil formation of the forest land patch, RW f represents the groundwater recharge of the forest land patch, RM f represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity of the forest land patch, PA f represents the air purification of the forest land patch, RS f represents the reduction of soil and water loss of the forest land patch, RC f represents the climate regulation of the forest land patch. The unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr.

[0084] Preferably, the content of S5 is as follows:

[0085] WES i = ∑(WES i,w , WES i,g , WES i,f );

[0086] In the formula, WES i represents the ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,w represents the ecosystem services of the water body patch in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,g represents the ecosystem services of the grassland patch in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,f represents the ecosystem services of the forest land patch in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

[0087] Preferably, the content of S6 is as follows:

[0088] ΔWES i = WES i,after - WES i,before ;

[0089] In the formula, ΔWES i represents the change in the ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES after represents the ecosystem services after the implementation of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES before represents the ecosystem services before the implementation of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

[0090] Preferably, the wetland credit improvement amount in S8 depends on the improvement of ecosystem services before and after the implementation of the wetland ecological restoration project, and at the same time considers the time risk factor and weight of the wetland ecological restoration project. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0091] WC i =ΔWES i ×f i ×w i ;

[0092] In the formula, WC i refers to the wetland credit improvement situation after the construction of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and ΔWES i represents the change in ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and f i represents the time risk factor of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and w i represents the weight after weighting each factor of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

[0093] Therefore, the wetland credit improvement quantification method of the present invention that combines macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data has the following beneficial effects:

[0094] (1) Comprehensively consider the measure type of wetland ecological restoration, the patch type of wetland ecological restoration, multiple services of the wetland ecosystem, and the service changes before and after ecological restoration;

[0095] (2) Contribute to enhancing the accuracy of the implementation and evaluation decision-making of wetland ecological restoration projects, and at the same time contribute to providing a basis for credit transactions for wetland ecological restoration, thereby promoting the investment in wetland ecological restoration.

[0096] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0097] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the wetland credit improvement quantification method of the present invention that combines macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data;

[0098] Figure 2 is a schematic multi-level calculation diagram of the wetland credit improvement quantification method of the present invention that combines macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data. Detailed Embodiments

[0099] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention claimed, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 1 , a wetland credit improvement quantification method that integrates macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data, including the following steps:

[0101] S1. Determine the project scope and measure types of wetland ecological restoration. According to the planning and design drawings of wetland ecological restoration, determine the boundary and scope of the project; according to the specific restoration measures and implementation progress of the project, determine the corresponding time factor of ecological restoration.

[0102] In view of the complexity of the wetland ecosystem, at the macro scale, comprehensively consider macro social and economic factors such as administrative boundaries, built-up areas, land use, water planning, landscape planning, etc., as well as natural environmental characteristics such as terrain, climate, and vegetation. According to the planning and design drawings of wetland ecological restoration, determine the boundary and scope of the project; according to the specific restoration measures and implementation progress of the project, determine the corresponding time factor of ecological restoration.

[0103] S2. Establish an ecological patch identification system, identify the ecological patches of forest land, grassland, and water bodies within the project scope before and after the implementation of ecological restoration, and determine the area size of the ecological patches.

[0104] Develop a rapid cropping and data color homogenization technology for wetland remote sensing images and a rapid production technology for small ecological patch monitoring base maps based on multi-source monitoring data, and integrate various ecological environment monitoring data; by integrating ecological environment monitoring data, combining macro remote sensing and micro CAD data, consider factors such as the spatial distribution and vegetation characteristics of ecological restoration projects to determine forest land patches, grassland patches, water body patches, and the area size of the patches. Identify and classify small ecological engineering patches of forest land, grassland, and water bodies according to the characteristics of different regions and project sites.

[0105] For different ecological patches, identify and determine the types of ecosystem services. As shown in Table 1.

[0106]

[0107] S3. For different types of ecological patches, identify and determine the types of ecosystem services, and calculate the ecosystem services of each type of ecological patch respectively.

[0108] (1) Carbon sequestration and oxygen release (BC)

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, BC i is biological carbon sequestration (sej / yr); C i is the carbon sequestration per unit area of the i-th type of ecological patch (g C / m 2 / yr); T iis the average turnover time (yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; A i is the area of the ecological patch type (m 2 ); UEV BCi is the emergy conversion rate of the ecological patch type (sej / g).

[0111] (2) Construct soil (FS)

[0112] FS i = FS OM + FS Min ;

[0113] In the formula, FS i is the constructed soil (sej / yr), which is the sum of two parts: constructed soil organic matter (FS OM ) and minerals (FS Min ).

[0114] ① Organic matter (FS OM )

[0115] FS OM = NPP i × k 1i × k2;

[0116] In the formula, FS OM is the constructed soil organic matter (sej / yr); NPP i is the emergy corresponding to the renewable resources of the ecological patch type (sej / yr); k 1i is the proportion of vegetation litter in biomass of the ecological patch type (g / g, %); k2 is the carbon content in vegetation litter (g / g, %).

[0117] ② Minerals (FS Min )

[0118] FS Min = Max((P ij × B i × D i × A i × R × 10000) / T j ) × UEV mj ;

[0119] In the formula, FS Min is the constructed soil minerals (sej / yr); P ij is the percentage of the j-th mineral in the total minerals in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type (%); B i is the soil bulk density of the i-th ecological patch type (g / cm 3 ); D i is the soil thickness of the i-th ecological patch type (cm); Ai is the ecosystem area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); R is the percentage of soil minerals in the total soil weight (%), with a value of 95%; 10000 is the conversion coefficient from m 2 to cm 2 ; T j is the turnover time (years) of the j-th mineral in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type; UEV mj is the emergy conversion rate (sej / g) of the j-th mineral in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type.

[0120] (3) Increase in sediment (IS)

[0121] IS i = ∑(OM ai × k1 × k 2i × k3 × A i × UEV omi );

[0122] OM ai = k4 × NPP i ;

[0123] where, IS i is the increase in sediment (sej / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type (such as rivers, lakes, and swamps); OM ai is the annual deposition of organic matter (g C / m 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; k1 is the percentage of organic matter absorbed by wetland plants, with a value of 0.78; k 2i is the conversion coefficient from g to kcal in the i-th ecological patch type (kcal / g); k3 is the conversion coefficient from kcal to J, with a value of 4186 J / kcal; A i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); UEB omi is the emergy conversion rate of the deposited organic matter in the i-th ecological patch type (sej / J); k4 is the proportion of organic deposited matter in the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type, with a value of 30.37%; NPP i is the NPP amount (gC / m 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type.

[0124] (4) Recharge of groundwater (RW)

[0125] RW i = P i × A i × ρ × k i × 1000 × UEV RW ;

[0126] Among them, RW i is the recharge of groundwater in the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr); P i is the average annual precipitation within the i-th ecological patch type (m / yr); A i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); ρ is the density of water (kg / m 3 ); k i is the precipitation infiltration recharge coefficient of the i-th ecological patch type; 1000 is the coefficient for converting kg to g; UEV RW is the emergy conversion rate of precipitation infiltrating into groundwater. Since it is the groundwater recharged by precipitation, the emergy conversion rate of rainwater (sej / g) is used here.

[0127] (5) Purifying the atmosphere (PA)

[0128] PA i = PA HH + PA EQ ;

[0129] In the formula, PA i is the purification of the atmosphere in the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr), which is the sum of the reduction in population health losses (PA HH ) and the reduction in ecosystem losses (PA EQ ).

[0130] ① Reduction in population health losses (PA HH )

[0131]

[0132] τ H = (I × EmR) / P;

[0133] In the formula, PA HH is the reduction in human health losses after the i-th ecological patch type purifies air pollutants (sej / yr); M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th air pollutant (kg / ha / yr); A j is the area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); 0.0001 is the coefficient for converting m 2 to ha; DALY j is the impact factor of the j-th air pollutant in the evaluation framework of Eco-indicator 99, that is, the disability-adjusted life years caused by each kg of the j-th air pollutant to humans (person·year / kg); τ His the emergy corresponding to the per capita total health expenditure in the region (sej / person); I is the total health expenditure in the region (yuan); EmR is the emergy currency ratio in the region (sej / yuan); P is the permanent population in the region (person).

[0134] ② Reduction in ecosystem loss (PA EQ )

[0135]

[0136] In the formula, PA EQ represents the emergy of the reduction in ecosystem loss after the purification of air pollutants by the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr); M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th air pollutant (kg / ha / yr); PDF j represents the potential extinction proportion of species affected by the j-th air pollutant (PDF×m 2 ×yr); 0.0001 is the conversion coefficient for converting m 2 to ha; Em spi represents the emergy required by species in the study area where the i-th ecological patch type is located (sej / yr).

[0137] (6) Water purification (PW)

[0138] PW i =PW HH +PW EQ ;

[0139] In the formula, PA i is the water purification of the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr), which is the sum of two parts: the reduction in human health loss (PW HH ) and the reduction in ecological resource loss (PW EQ ).

[0140] ① Reduction in human health loss (PW HH )

[0141] PW HH =∑((M ij ×0.001×NPP j ×A i ×DALY j ×k4×τ H ) / T j );

[0142] Among them, PW HH is the reduction in human injury (sej / yr); M ijis the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th type of water pollutant (mg / kg); 0.001 is the conversion coefficient for converting kg to g; NPP j is the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type (gC / m 2 / yr); S i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type (m 2 ); DALY j is the disability-adjusted life years caused by the j-th type of water pollutant (cap*yr / kg); k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg, with a value of (1E-6); τ H is the emergy corresponding to the per capita total health expenditure in the region (sej / person); T j is the turnover time of the j-th type of water pollutant (yr), with a value of 1000 yr.

[0143] ② Reduction in ecological resource losses (PW EQ )

[0144] PW EQ = ∑(M ij ×0.001×NPP j ×k4×PDF j ×Em spi ) / T j ;

[0145] where PW EQ is the reduction in ecosystem losses (sej / yr); M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th type of water pollutant (mg / kg); 0.001 is the conversion coefficient for converting kg to g; NPP i is the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type (gC / m 2 / yr); k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg, with a value of (1E-6); PDF j is the potential species extinction ratio caused by the j-th type of water pollutant (%×m 2 ×yr×kg-1); Em spi is the emergy required by the species in the i-th ecological patch type; T j is the turnover time of the j-th type of water pollutant (yr), with a value of 1000 yr.

[0146] (7) Soil retention (RS)

[0147] RS i = G i ×10 6 ×r OMi ×k3×k5×UEV soil ;

[0148] Gi =(G Pi -G Ri )×A i ×k4;

[0149] In the formula, RS i is the soil retention (sej / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; G i is the total annual soil retention (t / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; 106 is the conversion coefficient for converting t to g; r OMi is the percentage of organic matter content in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type; k3 is the conversion coefficient for converting g to J, which is 5.4 (kcal / g); k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg, with a value of (1E-6); k5 is the conversion coefficient for converting kcal to J, which is 4186 J / kcal; UEV soil is the emergy conversion rate of the soil (sej / j); G Pi is the potential soil erosion modulus (t / km 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; G Ri is the actual erosion modulus (t / km 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; A i is the area (m 2 ) of the i-th ecological patch type.

[0150] (8) Regulation of local temperature and humidity (RM)

[0151] RM i =ET i ×A i ×UEV ET ;

[0152] Among them, RM i is the regulation of local temperature and humidity (sej / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; ET i is the annual evapotranspiration (g / m 2 / yr) of the i-th ecological patch type; A i is the area (m 2 ) of the i-th ecological patch type; UEV ET is the emergy conversion rate of evapotranspiration (sej / g).

[0153] (9) Climate regulation (RC)

[0154] RC i =RC Pi +RC Si ;

[0155] In the formula, RC iIt is the climate regulation of the i-th ecological patch type, which is the sum of two parts: the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of climate change on human health (RC Pi ) and the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of ecosystem quality (RC Si ).

[0156] ① The reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of climate change on human health (RC Pi )

[0157]

[0158] In the formula, RC Pi is the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of climate change on human health of the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr); C ij is the average fixation of greenhouse gas j per unit area of the i-th ecological patch type at the global scale (fixation amount (g / m 2 / yr); 0.001 is the conversion of g to kg; DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by each kg of the j-th type of greenhouse gas (person·year / kg); T j is the life cycle of the j-th type of greenhouse gas (yr); τ H is the total regional health cost per capita (sej / cap); A' i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type after VF correction (ha).

[0159] ② The reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of ecosystem quality (RC Si )

[0160]

[0161] In the formula, RC Si is the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of ecosystem quality of the i-th ecological patch type (sej / yr); C ij is the average fixation of greenhouse gas j per unit area of the i-th ecological patch type at the global scale (fixation amount (g / m 2 / yr); 0.001 is the conversion of g to kg; DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by each kg of the j-th type of greenhouse gas (person·year / kg); T j is the life cycle of the j-th type of greenhouse gas (yr); PDF j is the potential species extinction ratio caused by the j-th type of greenhouse gas; Em spi represents the emergy required to maintain the species of the i-th ecological patch type.

[0162] S4. Sum up the ecosystem services of each ecological patch type.

[0163] The wetland ecological restoration project is a self-organizing, complex, and comprehensive wetland ecological space composed of interrelated natural elements such as water bodies, herbs, and trees. By calculating the ecosystem services of forest patches, grassland patches, and water patches in the wetland ecological space, more accurate calculation of wetland credits can be achieved.

[0164] (1) Total ecosystem services of water patches

[0165] WES w = ∑(Max(BC w , IS w , RW w , RM w ), PW w , RC w );

[0166] Among them, WES w represents the total ecosystem services of water patches, BC w represents the biological carbon sequestration of water patches, IS w represents the increase in organic matter in the sediment of water patches, RW w , represents the recharge of groundwater by water patches, RM w represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity by water patches, PW w represents the water purification of water patches, RC w represents the climate regulation of water patches. The unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr.

[0167] (2) Total ecosystem services of grassland patches

[0168] WES g = ∑(Max(BC g , FC g , RW g , RM g ), PA g , RS g , RC g );

[0169] Among them, WES g represents the total ecosystem services of grassland patches, BC g represents the biological carbon sequestration of grassland patches, EC g represents the soil formation of grassland patches, RW g represents the recharge of groundwater by grassland patches, RM g represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity by grassland patches, PA g represents the air purification of grassland patches, RS g represents the reduction of soil erosion by grassland patches, RC gIndicating the climate regulation of grassland patches. The unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr.

[0170] (3) Total ecosystem services of forest patches

[0171] WES f = ∑(Max(BC f , FC f , RW f , RM f ), PA f , RS f , RC f );

[0172] Among them, WES f represents the total ecosystem services of forest patches, BC f represents the biological carbon sequestration of forest patches, FC f represents the soil formation of forest patches, RW f represents the groundwater recharge of forest patches, RM f represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity of forest patches, PA f represents the air purification of forest patches, RS f represents the reduction of soil and water loss of forest patches, RC f represents the climate regulation of forest patches. The unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr.

[0173] S5. Determine the total ecosystem services of each type of ecological patch within the scope of the wetland ecological restoration project.

[0174] WES i = ∑(WES i,w , WES i,g , WES i,f );

[0175] In the formula, WES i represents the ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,w represents the ecosystem services of water patches in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,g represents the ecosystem services of grassland patches in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,f represents the ecosystem services of forest patches in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

[0176] S6. Calculate the change in ecosystem services before and after the implementation of the wetland ecological restoration project.

[0177] ΔWES i = WES i,after - WES i,before ;

[0178] In the formula, ΔWES i represents the change in ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and WES after represents the ecosystem services after the implementation of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and WES before represents the ecosystem services before the implementation of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

[0179] S7. Use CAD engineering drawings and remote sensing images to calculate ecological patches from multiple perspectives and at multiple levels, and perform grid processing and weighted overlay operations in combination with the characteristic attributes of each ecological patch. Develop an initial state credit accounting method. According to the characteristics of land use, develop "ecological benefit" accounting methods for different ecological patch types such as forest land, wetland, and grassland corresponding to it. Combine the CAD engineering drawings to perform grid calculations at scales of (1:100 and 1:10,000) and add and statistically analyze the remote sensing images according to the different boundaries of ecological patches in ecological projects to achieve effective measurement from micro ecological engineering patches to the macroscopic range of 30m×30m and correction of measurement results at different scales; combine the CAD engineering data, experimental data of micro-scale ecological restoration engineering projects with the data of large-scale major ecological projects for comparison and integration; through the analysis of the ecological characteristics of the coastal zone, conduct zoning and classification of ecological restoration projects. On the basis of patch identification, perform grid data correction, feature identification, and weighted overlay calculations according to the original data and characteristic attributes of ecological patches and ecological restoration projects, so as to determine the time risk factors and weights of wetland ecological projects. As Figure 2 shown.

[0180] S8. Finally, determine the improvement amount of wetland credit.

[0181] The improvement amount of wetland credit depends on the improvement of ecosystem services before and after the implementation of the wetland ecological restoration project, and at the same time considers the time risk factors and weights of the wetland ecological restoration project. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0182] WC i = ΔWES i × f i × w i ;

[0183] In the formula, WC i refers to the improvement of wetland credit after the construction of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and ΔWES i represents the change in ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and f i represents the time risk factor of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and w i represents the weight after weighting of each factor of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

[0184] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned wetland credit improvement quantification method that integrates macro-remote sensing and micro-engineering CAD data, combines macro-remote sensing data with micro-engineering CAD data, uses ArcGIS, AutoCAD, and SketchUp software, considers the spatial distribution characteristics, vegetation characteristics, remote sensing data, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and digital elevation model (DEM) of coastal zone ecological restoration projects, and extracts ecological patches of wetland ecological restoration projects. On the basis of ecological patch identification, according to landscape combinations such as vegetation and water bodies, it is further divided into 4 major categories and 9 types of micro-patches, namely, woodland patches by water (including trees and shrubs), grassland patches by water (including meadows, grasslands, and grass clusters), wetland patches (including estuaries, tidal flats, and oceans), and auxiliary project patches (artificial non-ecological parts). Combining with the vegetation tree species database, the vegetation information of ecological patches is extracted and sorted to form a CAD-SU ecological engineering patch feature recognition technology, and the improvement amount of wetland credit is determined according to the changes in ecosystem services before and after project implementation and their time risk factors and weights.

[0185] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify or equivalently replace the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot make the modified technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wetland credit enhancement quantification method integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Determine the project scope and measure types of wetland ecological restoration. According to the planning and design drawing of wetland ecological restoration, determine the boundary and scope of the project; according to the specific restoration measures and implementation progress of the project, determine the corresponding time factor of ecological restoration; S2. Establish an ecological patch identification system, identify the ecological patches of forest land, grassland and water body within the project scope before and after the implementation of ecological restoration, and determine the area size of the ecological patches; S3. For different ecological patch types, identify and determine the ecosystem service types, and calculate the ecosystem services of each ecological patch type respectively; S4. Sum up the ecosystem services of each ecological patch type; S5. Determine the total ecosystem service of each type of ecological patch within the scope of the wetland ecological restoration project; S6. Calculate the change in ecosystem services before and after the implementation of the wetland ecological restoration project; S7. Use CAD engineering drawings and remote sensing images to perform multi-perspective and multi-level calculations on ecological patches, and carry out grid processing and weighted overlay operations in combination with the characteristic attributes of each ecological patch; S8. Finally, determine the improvement amount of wetland credit.

2. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ecosystem services calculated in S3 are as follows: a. Carbon sequestration and oxygen release BC: where, BC i is biological carbon sequestration, sej / yr; C i is the carbon sequestration per unit area of the i-th ecological patch type, g C / m 2 / yr; T i is the average turnover time of the i-th ecological patch type, yr; A i is the area of the ecological patch type, m 2 ; UEV BCi is the emergy conversion rate of the ecological patch type, sej / g; b. Soil formation FS: FS i = FS OM + FS Min ; where FS i is the constructed soil, sej / yr, and is the organic matter of the constructed soil FS OM and minerals FS Min which is the sum of the two parts; c. Sediment increase IS: IS i = ∑(OM ai × k1 × k 2i × k3 × A i × UEV omi ); OM ai = k4 × NPP i ; Among them, IS i is the increased sediment of the i-th ecological patch type (such as rivers, lakes, and swamps), sej / yr; OM ai is the annual deposition amount of organic matter of the i-th ecological patch type, gC / m 2 / yr; k1 is the percentage of organic matter absorbed by wetland plants, with a value of 0.78; k 2i is the conversion coefficient of g to kcal in the i-th ecological patch type, kcal / g; k3 is the conversion coefficient from kcal to J, with a value of 4186 J / kcal; A i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type, m 2 ; UEV omi is the emergy conversion rate of sedimented organic matter in the i-th ecological patch type, sej / J; k4 is the proportion of organic sediment in the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type, with a value of 30.37%; NPP i is the NPP amount of the i-th ecological patch type, g C / m 2 / yr; d. Groundwater recharge (RW): RW i = P i × A i × ρ × k i × 1000 × UEV RW ; Among them, RW i is the groundwater recharge of the i-th ecological patch type, sej / yr; P i is the average annual precipitation within the i-th ecological patch type, m / yr; A i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type, m 2 ; ρ is the density of water, kg / m 3 ; k i is the precipitation infiltration recharge coefficient of the i-th ecological patch type; 1000 is the coefficient for converting kg to g; UEV RW is the emergy conversion rate of precipitation infiltrating into groundwater. Here, the emergy conversion rate of rainwater is used, sej / g; e. Air purification PA: PA i = PA HH + PA EQ ; where, PA i is the purification of the atmosphere of the i-th ecological patch type, sej / yr, which is the reduction in the loss of population health PA HH and the reduction in the loss of the ecosystem PA EQ and is the sum of the two parts; f. Water purification PW: PW i = PW HH + PW EQ ; where, PA i is the water purification of the i-th ecological patch type, sej / yr, and is the reduction in human health losses PW HH and the reduction in ecological resource losses PW EQ which is the sum of the two parts; g. Soil retention RS: RS i = G i × 10 6 × r OMi × k3 × k5 × UEV soil ; G i = (G Pi - G Ri ) × A i × k4; Wherein, RS i is the soil fixation of the i-th ecological patch type, sej / yr; G i is the total annual soil fixation of the i-th ecological patch type, t / yr; 106 is the conversion coefficient for converting t to g; r OMi is the percentage of organic matter content in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type; k3 is the conversion coefficient for converting g to J, which is 5.4, kcal / g; k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg; k5 is the conversion coefficient for converting kcal to J, which is 4186 J / kcal; UEV soil is the emergy conversion rate of the soil, sej / j; G Pi is the potential soil erosion modulus of the i-th ecological patch type, t / km 2 / yr; G Ri is the actual erosion modulus of the i-th ecological patch type, t / km 2 / yr; A i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type, m 2 ; h. Local temperature and humidity regulation (RM): RM i = ET i × A i × UEV ET ; Among them, RM i is the regulation of local temperature and humidity of the i-th ecological patch type, sej / yr; ET i is the annual evapotranspiration of the i-th ecological patch type, g / m 2 / yr; A i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type, m 2 ; UEV ET is the emergy conversion rate of evapotranspiration, sej / g; i. Climate regulation RC: RC i = RC Pi + RC Si ; where, RC i is the climate regulation of the i-th ecological patch type, which is the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of climate change on human health, RC Pi and the reduction of the carbon sink on the impact of ecosystem quality, RC Si is the sum of the two parts.

3. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 2, wherein Organic matter FS OM and mineral FS Min The calculation formula is as follows: Organic matter FS OM : FS OM = NPP i × k 1i × k2; where, FS OM is the construction of soil organic matter, sej / yr; NPP i is the emergy corresponding to the renewable resources of the ecological patch type, sej / yr; k 1i is the proportion of vegetation litter in the biomass of the ecological patch type; k2 is the carbon content in the vegetation litter; Mineral FS Min : FS Min = Max((P ij × B i × D i × A i × R × 10000) / T j ) × UEV mj ; In the formula, FS Min is the construction of soil minerals, sej / yr; P ij is the percentage of the jth mineral in the soil of the ith ecological patch type in the total minerals; B i is the soil bulk density of the ith ecological patch type, g / cm 3 ; D i is the soil thickness of the i-th ecological patch type, in cm; A i is the ecosystem area of the i-th ecological patch type, in m 2 ; R is the percentage of soil minerals in the total soil weight, with a value of 95%; 10000 is m 2 to cm 2 conversion coefficient; T j is the turnover time of the j-th mineral in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type; UEV mj is the emergy conversion rate of the j-th mineral in the soil of the i-th ecological patch type, sej / g.

4. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 3, characterized in that Reduction in population health loss, PA HH and reduction in ecosystem loss, PA EQ The calculation formula is as follows: Reduction in population health loss PA HH : τ H = (I × EmR) / P; In the formula, PA HH is the reduction of human health loss after the i-th ecological patch type purifies air pollutants, sej / yr; M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th air pollutant, kg / ha / yr; A j is the area of the i-th ecological patch type, m 2 ; 0.0001 is the coefficient for converting m 2 to ha; DALY j is the impact factor of the j-th air pollutant in the evaluation framework of Eco-indicator 99, that is, the disability-adjusted life years caused by each kg of the j-th air pollutant to humans; τ H is the emergy corresponding to the per capita total health expenditure in the region; I is the total health expenditure in the region; EmR is the emergy-money ratio in the region; P is the permanent population in the region; Reduction in ecosystem losses PA EQ : In the formula, PA EQ represents the emergy of the reduction in ecosystem loss after the i-th ecological patch type purifies air pollutants, sej / yr; M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th air pollutant, kg / ha / yr; PDF j represents the potential extinction ratio of species affected by the j-th air pollutant, PDF×m 2 ×yr; 0.0001 is the conversion coefficient for converting m 2 to ha; Em spi represents the emergy required by the species in the study area where the i-th ecological patch type is located, sej / yr.

5. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 4, characterized in that Reduction in human health losses PW HH and reduction in ecological resource losses PW EQ The calculation formula is as follows: Reduction in human health losses PW HH : PW HH = ∑((M ij × 0.001 × NPP j × A i × DALY j × k4 × τH) / T j ); Among them, PW HH is the reduction of human harm, sej / yr; M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th type of water pollutant, mg / kg; 0.001 is the conversion coefficient for converting kg to g; NPP j is the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type, g C / m 2 / yr; S i is the i-th ecological patch type, m 2 ; DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by the j-th type of water pollutant, cap*yr / kg; k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg; τ H is the emergy corresponding to the per capita total health expenditure in the region; T j is the turnover time of the j-th type of water pollutant, with a value of 1000 yr; Reduction in ecological resource losses (PW EQ ): PW EQ = ∑(M ij × 0.001 × NPP j × k4 × PDF j × Em spi ) / T j ; Among them, PW EQ is the reduction of ecosystem loss, sej / yr; M ij is the ability of the i-th ecological patch type to purify the j-th type of water pollutant, mg / kg; 0.001 is the conversion coefficient for converting kg to g; NPP i is the NPP of the i-th ecological patch type, gC / m 2 / yr; k4 is the coefficient for converting mg to kg; PDF j is the potential species extinction ratio caused by the j-th type of water pollutant, %×m 2 ×yr×kg-1; Em spi is the emergy required by the species of the i-th ecological patch type; T j is the turnover time of the j-th type of water pollutant, with a value of 1000 yr.

6. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro-remote sensing and micro-engineering CAD data according to claim 5, characterized in that The impact of carbon sink reduction on human health due to climate change RC Pi and the impact of carbon sink reduction on ecosystem quality RC Si The calculation formula is as follows: Carbon sinks reduce the impacts of climate change on human health RC Pi : where RC Pi is the reduction of the carbon sink of the i-th ecological patch type due to climate change on human health, sej / yr; C ij is the average fixation of greenhouse gas j per unit area of the i-th ecological patch type at the global scale; 0.001 converted from g to kg; DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by the j-th type of greenhouse gas per kg; T j is the life cycle of the j-th type of greenhouse gas; τ H is the total regional health expenditure per capita, sej / cap; A' i is the area of the i-th ecological patch type after VF correction; Impact of reduced carbon sinks on ecosystem quality RC Si : where RC Si is the impact of the reduction of the carbon sink of the i-th ecological patch type on the ecosystem quality, sej / yr; C ij is the average fixation amount of greenhouse gas j per unit area of the i-th ecological patch type at the global scale; 0.001 converted from g to kg; DALY j is the disability-adjusted life year caused by the j-th type of greenhouse gas per kg; T j is the life cycle of the j-th type of greenhouse gas; PDF j is the potential species extinction ratio caused by the j-th type of greenhouse gas; Em spi represents the emergy required to maintain the species of the i-th ecological patch type.

7. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 6, characterized in that, The content of S4 is as follows: Total ecosystem service of water body patches: WES w = ∑(Max(BC w , IS w, RW w, RM w ), PW w , RC w ); Among them, WES w represents the total ecosystem services of water patches, BC w represents the biological carbon sequestration of water patches, IS w represents the increase in organic matter in the sediment of water patches, RW w, represents the recharge of groundwater by water patches, RM w represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity by water patches, PW w represents the water quality purification of water patches, RC w represents the climate regulation of water patches; the unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr; Total ecosystem service of grassland patches: WES g = ∑(Max(BC g , FC g , RW g, , RM g ), PA g , RS g , RC g ); Among them, WES g represents the total ecosystem services of grassland patches, BC g represents the biological carbon sequestration of grassland patches, FC g represents the soil formation of grassland patches, RW g represents the groundwater recharge of grassland patches, RM g represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity of grassland patches, PA g represents the air purification of grassland patches, RS g represents the reduction of soil and water loss of grassland patches, RC g represents the climate regulation of grassland patches; the unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr; Total ecosystem service of forest land patches: WES f = ∑(Max(BC f , FC f , RW f, , RM f ), PA f , RS f , RC f ); Among them, WES f represents the total ecosystem services of forest patches, BC f represents the biological carbon sequestration of forest patches, FC f represents the soil formation of forest patches, RW f represents the groundwater recharge of forest patches, RM f represents the regulation of local temperature and humidity of forest patches, PA f represents the air purification of forest patches, RS f represents the reduction of soil and water loss of forest patches, RC f represents the climate regulation of forest patches; the unit of each ecosystem service is sej / yr.

8. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 7, characterized in that, The content of S5 is as follows: WES i = ∑(WES i,w , WES i,g, WES i,f ); In the formula, WES i represents the ecosystem service of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,w represents the ecosystem service of the water body patch in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,g represents the ecosystem service of the grassland patch in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, WES i,f represents the ecosystem service of the forest patch in the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

9. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 8, wherein The content of S6 is as follows: ΔWES i = WES i,after - WES i,before ; where, ΔWES i represents the change in the ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and WES after represents the ecosystem services after the implementation of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and WES before represents the ecosystem services before the implementation of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

10. The wetland credit improvement quantification method for integrating macro remote sensing and micro engineering CAD data according to claim 9, characterized in that: The improvement amount of wetland credit in S8 depends on the improvement of ecosystem services before and after the implementation of the wetland ecological restoration project, and at the same time considers the time risk factor and weight of the wetland ecological restoration project. The calculation formula is as follows: WC i = ΔWES i × f i × w i ; In the formula, WC i refers to the improvement of wetland credit after the construction of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and ΔWES i represents the change in the ecosystem services of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project. f i represents the time risk factor of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project, and w i represents the weight after weighting each factor of the i-th wetland ecological restoration project.

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