Parasitic annular rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna and wireless device

Abstract

The invention discloses a parasitic annular rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna and wireless equipment, and is applied to the technical field of wireless communication. According to the metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by the invention, the rectangular slot with the adjustable length is formed in the middle of the metal plane, and the feed excitation device is movably arranged in the rectangular slot; the metal plane is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the N annular rectangular metamaterial units are printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and distributed on the two mapping sides of the rectangular gap on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. Therefore, the metal plane, the feed excitation device and the dielectric substrate form a conventional slot antenna, and a resonance point is generated at a preset broadband point by adjusting the position of the feed excitation device. On the basis, an annular rectangular metamaterial unit is added, and a resonance point near a preset broadband point is excited, so that a W wave is formed, and the bandwidth of the slot antenna is further expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and particularly to a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna and a wireless device. Background Art

[0002] The research on Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) technology is an indispensable branch in the field of wireless communication technologies. In recent years, the development of WiFi has been rapid and the technology has become increasingly mature. Due to the high transmission rate of the 5G band of WiFi, it has a wide range of applications. However, the currently commonly used 5G bands of WiFi4 and WiFi5 are 5.15 GHz - 5.85 GHz, and the required antenna bandwidth is 700 MHz, which poses a relatively high requirement for the antenna bandwidth.

[0003] Currently, slotted antennas, adding antenna branches, or modifying the feeding position are commonly used to achieve the broadband effect of the antenna. However, whether it is slotted antennas, adding antenna branches, or modifying the feeding position, it will make the structure of the antenna more complex, and it is difficult to achieve in some cases, and to a certain extent, it has a limited scope of use.

[0004] In view of the above technologies, it is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art to seek a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna and a wireless device, which can solve the problems of difficult implementation and limited scope of use brought by the conventional methods of broadening the antenna bandwidth in the prior art.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, the present application provides a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna, including: a metal plane, a feeding excitation device, a dielectric substrate, and N ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units, where N is an even number greater than zero;

[0007] Wherein, a rectangular slot with adjustable length is provided in the middle of the metal plane, and the feeding excitation device is movably arranged in the rectangular slot;

[0008] The metal plane is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0009] The N ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units are printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and are distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slot on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0010] Preferably, the ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit is an open-ring-shaped rectangular metal patch with the characteristics of magnetic single-negative material.

[0011] Preferably, N circular rectangular metamaterial units are evenly distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slot on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate according to a preset arrangement rule.

[0012] Preferably, N / 2 circular rectangular metamaterial units are distributed in a straight line shape on the left side or the right side of the mapping of the rectangular slot on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0013] Preferably, the distance between two adjacent circular rectangular metamaterial units on the left side or the right side of the mapping is the same, and the left edges or right edges of the circular rectangular metamaterial units on the left side or the right side of the mapping are all on the corresponding same straight line.

[0014] Preferably, the N / 2 circular rectangular metamaterial units on both sides of the mapping are symmetric based on the mapping;

[0015] Or the N / 2 circular rectangular metamaterial units on both sides of the mapping are asymmetric based on the mapping, and the distance between the right edge of the circular rectangular metamaterial unit on the left side of the mapping and the left edge of the mapping is greater than the distance between the left edge of the circular rectangular metamaterial unit on the right side of the mapping and the right edge of the mapping.

[0016] Preferably, the shape of the metal plane is square, the shape of the dielectric substrate is square, and the sizes of the metal plane and the dielectric substrate are the same.

[0017] Preferably, the short side of the length-adjustable rectangular slot coincides with any one edge of the metal plane, and the length of the short side of the rectangular slot is less than the side length of the metal plane, and the length of the long side of the rectangular slot is less than the side length of the metal plane.

[0018] Preferably, the dielectric substrate is an epoxy fiberglass board.

[0019] On the other hand, the present application also provides a wireless device, including the parasitic circular rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna described above.

[0020] Thus, its metal plane, feed excitation device, and dielectric substrate form an initial slot antenna. By adjusting the position of the feed excitation device, a resonance point is generated at a preset broadband point. On this basis, circular rectangular metamaterial units are added to excite a resonance point near the preset broadband point, thereby forming a W wave and further broadening the bandwidth of the slot antenna. Description of the Drawings

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 Overall schematic diagram of a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 Top view of a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 Structural diagram of a ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 Bottom view of a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 S11 parameter curve graph of the initial slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 S11 parameter curve graph of a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 8 Antenna gain direction diagrams of the E-plane and H-plane at the resonance points generated by excitation at 5.25 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 9 Antenna gain direction diagrams of the E-plane and H-plane at the resonance points generated by excitation at 5.75 GHz provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] The core of the present application is to provide a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna and a wireless device.

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0034] Figure 1Schematic diagram of a parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 shown, including: a metal plane 1, a feeding excitation device 4, a dielectric substrate 3, and N ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units 5, where N is an even number greater than zero (for example: 6), and a rectangular slot 2 with adjustable length is provided in the metal plane 1. The connection relationship is as follows: the feeding excitation device 4 is arranged in the rectangular slot 2, and the feeding excitation device 4 can be movably adjusted in the rectangular slot 2; the metal plane 1 is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 3; the N ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units 5 are printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3 and are distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slot 2 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the metal plane 1, the feeding excitation device 4, and the dielectric substrate 3 form an initial slot antenna, and by adjusting the feeding excitation device 4 in the rectangular slot 2, a resonance point is generated at 5.5 GHz for the initial slot antenna.

[0036] Based on the initial slot antenna, the present application adds N ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units 5, which are printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3 and are distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slot 2 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3. It excites a resonance point near 5.5 GHz, and at the resonance point, the real part of its equivalent dielectric constant is positive, but the real part of its equivalent permeability is negative, forming a W wave with the resonance point of the initial slot antenna, thereby broadening the bandwidth of the slot antenna.

[0037] Figure 1 The number of the shown ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units 5 is six, and they are evenly distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slot 2 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3. That is to say, three ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units 5 are included on the left side of the mapping, and three ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units 5 are also included on the right side of the mapping. The three ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial units 5 on each side are arranged in a straight line shape. At the same time, Figure 1 the left and right sides of the shown mapping are asymmetric based on the mapping. It should be noted that Figure 1 the shown distribution and quantity, etc. are only one achievable way, and it is not limited to only this implementation way. It can be set by the user according to needs.

[0038] Figure 2 Overall schematic diagram of the parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 Top view of the parasitic ring-shaped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the shape of the metal plane 1 is a square with a side length of L. The long side length of the rectangular slot 2 in the metal plane 1 is L1, the short side length is w1. The short side of the rectangular slot 2 coincides with any edge of the metal plane, and the short side length w1 of the rectangular slot is less than the side length L of the metal plane 1. The long side length of the rectangular slot 2 is less than the side length L of the metal plane 1. The length of the feeding excitation device 4 in the metal plane 1 is L1 - 3, the length from the feeding excitation device 4 to the open end of the rectangular slot 2 is L1 - 2, and the length to the short - circuit end of the rectangular slot 2 is L1 - 1. That is to say, the sum of L1 - 1, L1 - 2 and L1 - 3 is equal to L1. The shape of the dielectric substrate 3 is a square with a side length of L and a thickness of h, and the dielectric substrate 3 is an epoxy glass fiber board with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a loss tangent of 0.02.

[0039] It should be noted that the specific values of L, L1, w1, L1 - 1, L1 - 2 and L1 - 3 in this application are not limited, as long as the above requirements are met.

[0040] A parasitic - ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial - unit broadband slot antenna provided by this application includes: a metal plane, a feeding excitation device, a dielectric substrate and N ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial units, where N is an even number greater than zero; among them, the metal plane is provided with a rectangular slot with adjustable length in the middle, and the feeding excitation device is movably arranged in the rectangular slot; the metal plane is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the N ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial units are printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and are distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slot on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. Thus, it can be seen that the metal plane, the feeding excitation device and the dielectric substrate constitute an initial slot antenna. By adjusting the position of the feeding excitation device, a resonance point can be generated at a preset broadband point. On this basis, ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial units are added to excite a resonance point near the preset broadband point, thereby forming a W - wave and further broadening the bandwidth of the slot antenna.

[0041] In a specific embodiment, Figure 4 is the structural diagram of the ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial unit provided by the embodiment of this application. As Figure 4 shown, the ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial unit is an open - ring - shaped rectangular metal patch with the characteristics of magnetic - negative - material. That is to say, the ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial unit is shaped like a rectangular open - loop, its total length is half of the wavelength, and the structure is symmetric about the left and right. The horizontal bottom side length of the ring - shaped rectangular metamaterial unit is a, the outer vertical side length is b, the horizontal top side length is c, the inner vertical side length is e, the two outer vertical side lengths are equal, the two horizontal top side lengths are equal, the two inner vertical side lengths are equal, and the width of the microstrip is n. In this application, through the open - ring design, the two inner vertical side lengths are mutually coupled to form a coupled current, thereby generating a high - frequency resonance point.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 5 shown, as a preference, the present application defines that N (for example: 6) annular rectangular metamaterial units 5 are evenly distributed in a linear shape on both sides (the left side or the right side of the mapping) of the mapping of the rectangular slot on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3. The distance d between two adjacent annular rectangular metamaterial units 5 on the left side or the right side of the mapping is the same, and the left edge or the right edge of each annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 on the left side or the right side of the mapping is on the corresponding same straight line. Among them, the same distance d between two adjacent annular rectangular metamaterial units 5 can also be understood as: the distance between the lower edge of the upper annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 and the upper edge of the lower annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 among two adjacent annular rectangular metamaterial units 5 is d. At the same time, the distance between the upper edge of the uppermost annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 and the edge of the metal plane 1 on the left side or the right side of the mapping is i.

[0043] Since N annular rectangular metamaterial units 5 are evenly distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slot 2 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3, there are two cases: symmetric and asymmetric. For symmetry, the distance g2 between the right edge of the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 on the left side of the mapping and the left edge of the mapping is equal to the distance g1 between the left edge of the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 on the right side of the mapping and the right edge of the mapping; for asymmetry, as Figure 5 shown, the distance g2 between the right edge of the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 on the left side of the mapping and the left edge of the mapping is greater than the distance g1 between the left edge of the annular rectangular metamaterial unit on the right side of the mapping and the right edge of the mapping. In practical applications, the principle is the same for both the symmetric case and the asymmetric case.

[0044] It Figures 1 - 5 is the drawing with the number of annular rectangular metamaterial units 5 being 6 and in the asymmetric case.

[0045] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the specific values of d, i, g2, and g1 either, and they can be set by the user according to their needs.

[0046] For example, in practical applications, the thickness h of the dielectric substrate 3 is 1 mm, and the side length L of the dielectric substrate 3 is 50 mm. The length L1 of the etched rectangular slot 2 is 43.5 mm, and the width w1 is 1.5 mm. Among them, the length L1-3 of the feeding excitation device 4 is 1 mm, the length L1-1 from the feeding excitation device 4 to the short-circuit end of the rectangular slot 2 is 14 mm, and the length L1-2 from the feeding excitation device 4 to the open-circuit end of the rectangular slot 2 is 28.5 mm. The distance g2 between the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 on the left side of the mapping and the projection of the rectangular slot 2 is 1.25 mm, and the distance g1 between the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 on the right side of the mapping and the projection of the rectangular slot 2 is 0.25 mm. The distance i between the upper edge of the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 at the uppermost ends on the left and right sides of the mapping and the edge of the metal plane 1 is 6 mm, and the distance d between two adjacent annular rectangular metamaterial units 5 is 2 mm. The length e of the two inner vertical sides of the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5 is 3 mm, the length c of the two top horizontal sides is 3.5 mm, the length b of the two outer vertical sides is 4.5 mm, and the length a of the bottom horizontal side is 9 mm. The width n of the microstrip is 0.5 mm.

[0047] Based on the above specific values, as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown, the frequency band where the initial slot antenna S11 is less than -10 dB is 5.18 GHz - 5.87 GHz, and the -10 dB bandwidth is 690 MHz; on the basis of the initial slot antenna S11, after adding the annular rectangular metamaterial unit 5, the frequency band where the parasitic annular rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna S11 provided by this application is less than -10 dB is 5.03 GHz - 6.05 GHz, and the -10 dB bandwidth is 1020 MHz. Compared with the initial broadband slot antenna S11 in the 5G frequency band, the parasitic annular rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna S11 has a bandwidth widened by 330 MHz, thus broadening the bandwidth of the slot antenna. Figure 6 and Figure 7 In

[0048] Based on the above specific values, as Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, the initial slot antenna S11 resonates at the frequency of 5.25 GHz, with S11 being -18 dB, having good impedance matching characteristics. The maximum radiation direction of the E-plane pattern is 90°, the gain is 1.22 dBi, the 3-dB lobe width is 133.6°. The maximum radiation direction of the H-plane pattern is 150°, the gain is 2.39 dBi, and the 3-dB lobe width is 69.5°, having good radiation characteristics. The annular rectangular metamaterial unit resonates at the high frequency of 5.75 GHz, with S11 being -16 dB, having good impedance matching characteristics. The maximum radiation direction of the E-plane pattern is 90°, the gain is 3.16 dBi, the 3-dB lobe width is 64.4°. The maximum radiation direction of the H-plane pattern is 152°, the gain is 3.66 dBi, and the 3-dB lobe width is 63.3°, having good radiation characteristics. Among them, the E-plane is the plane formed by the maximum radiation direction of the antenna and the electric field vector, mainly used to characterize the radiation characteristics of the antenna's electric field; the H-plane is the plane formed by the maximum radiation direction of the antenna and the magnetic field vector, mainly used to characterize the radiation characteristics of the antenna's magnetic field.

[0049] It can be seen that the operating frequency point of the initial slot antenna S11 is 5.5 GHz. Then, by parasitically arranging annular rectangular metamaterial units with a certain pattern on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate of the initial slot antenna, a low-frequency resonance point is generated at 5.25 GHz for the initial slot antenna S11, and a high-frequency resonance point is generated at 5.75 GHz after arranging the annular rectangular metamaterial units in a 2*3 layout, thus forming a W wave within the 5G frequency band and broadening the bandwidth of the slot antenna. At the same time, compared with the common methods of broadening the antenna bandwidth, such as slotting, adding antenna branches, or modifying the feeding position to achieve the broadband effect of the antenna, the annular rectangular metamaterial unit has the characteristics of simple structure and being easy to combine with the antenna. At the same time, both the initial slot antenna and the annular rectangular metamaterial unit have the characteristics of low profile and easy processing, so as to well meet the bandwidth requirements for the antenna to operate in the 5G frequency band of WiFi.

[0050] On the other hand, the present application also provides a wireless device, including the above-mentioned parasitic annular rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna, and having the same beneficial effects.

[0051] Since the embodiments of the wireless device provided in the embodiments of the present application are the same as those of the above-mentioned metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna, the present application will not be elaborated herein.

[0052] The above has introduced in detail a metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna and a wireless device provided by the present application. The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. For the same or similar parts among the various embodiments, reference can be made to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the description in the method part. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present application, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

[0053] It should also be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

Claims

1. A parasitic circular-ring rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna, characterized in that Comprising: A metal plane, a feeding excitation device, a dielectric substrate, and N circular rectangular metamaterial units, where N is an even number greater than zero; Among them, a rectangular slit with adjustable length is provided in the center of the metal plane, and the feeding excitation device is movably disposed in the rectangular slit; The metal plane is printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate; The N circular rectangular metamaterial units are printed on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and are distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slit on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

2. The parasitic looped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The circular rectangular metamaterial unit is an open circular rectangular metal patch with the characteristics of magnetic single-negative material.

3. The parasitic loop rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that The N circular rectangular metamaterial units are evenly distributed on both sides of the mapping of the rectangular slit on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate according to a preset arrangement rule.

4. The parasitic loop rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, N / 2 of the circular rectangular metamaterial units are distributed in a linear shape on the left side or the right side of the mapping of the rectangular slit on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate.

5. The parasitic looped rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The distance between two adjacent circular rectangular metamaterial units on the left side or the right side of the mapping is the same, and the left edge or the right edge of each circular rectangular metamaterial unit on the left side or the right side of the mapping is on the corresponding same straight line.

6. The parasitic loop rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The N / 2 circular rectangular metamaterial units on both sides of the mapping are symmetric based on the mapping; Or the N / 2 circular rectangular metamaterial units on both sides of the mapping are asymmetric based on the mapping, and the distance between the right edge of the circular rectangular metamaterial unit on the left side of the mapping and the left edge of the mapping is greater than the distance between the left edge of the circular rectangular metamaterial unit on the right side of the mapping and the right edge of the mapping.

7. The parasitic loop rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to claim 2, wherein The shape of the metal plane is square, the shape of the dielectric substrate is square, and the sizes of the metal plane and the dielectric substrate are the same.

8. The parasitic loop rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The short side of the rectangular slit with adjustable length coincides with any one edge of the metal plane, and the length of the short side of the rectangular slit is less than the side length of the metal plane, and the length of the long side of the rectangular slit is less than the side length of the metal plane.

9. The parasitic loop rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The dielectric substrate is an epoxy glass fiber board.

10. A wireless device, characterized in that, Including the parasitic circular rectangular metamaterial unit broadband slot antenna according to any one of claims 1-9.

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