Perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on active metasurface
Through active metasurface design and varactor diode adjustment, the omnidirectionality and frequency band adaptability of metasurface stealth technology are solved, and the stealth effect of electromagnetic waves in multi-angle and wide-band is achieved, which is suitable for military and aerospace fields.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510655569.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-18
AI Technical Summary
The existing metasurface stealth technology has omnidirectionality and frequency band adaptability problems, making it difficult to achieve dynamic regulation, and cannot effectively stealth within multiple incident angles and wide bands.
The active metasurface design is adopted, and the metasurface phase response is dynamically adjusted by the varactor diode, combined with the precise regulation of the metasurface units in the four regions, to achieve omnidirectional wide-frequency transmission stealth of electromagnetic waves.
It achieves omnidirectional and wide band stealth effects in multiple incident angles and wide bands, has good dynamic control capabilities, and is suitable for the needs of modern stealth technology.
Smart Images
Figure CN120341592A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic wave stealth technology, and more particularly to a perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface. Background Art
[0002] With the continuous progress of technology, stealth technology has become one of the key technologies in modern military and civilian fields. Traditional stealth technologies mainly include radar stealth, optical stealth, and acoustic stealth, etc. Among them, electromagnetic wave stealth technology has received high attention due to its broad application prospects, especially in fields such as aircraft, ships, and weapon systems. The basic principle of electromagnetic wave stealth is to make the target object "invisible" to external detection devices by regulating the electromagnetic wave scattering on the surface of the object, so as to avoid being detected.
[0003] With the rapid development of metasurface technology, electromagnetic wave stealth based on metasurfaces has become a research hotspot. A metasurface is a two-dimensional material composed of a large number of artificially designed tiny units, which can achieve multi-dimensional regulation of electromagnetic waves by precisely controlling parameters such as the phase, amplitude, and polarization of each unit. Compared with traditional materials, metasurfaces provide greater design freedom in a wider frequency band and angular range, can more efficiently regulate the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, and thus reduce the reflection signal of the target to achieve a stealth effect. However, existing metasurface stealth technologies usually adopt passive designs, and the structure and phase distribution of the metasurface are fixed during design. The limitations of its design are mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Omnidirectionality problem, existing devices can often achieve stealth only in specific directions, and the effect decreases when the incident angle changes; 2. Frequency band adaptability problem, most metasurface stealth devices can only operate in a limited frequency band and are difficult to meet the broadband stealth requirements; 3. Dynamic regulation problem, passive metasurfaces have poor adaptability to different incident conditions and are difficult to adjust in real time. Therefore, how to provide a perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface, which overcomes the limitations of traditional passive metasurface designs, utilizes the characteristics of varactor diodes to dynamically adjust the phase response of the metasurface under different incident angles and frequency conditions, ensures that electromagnetic waves can bypass the target area, form a perfect wavefront reconstruction behind the object, provides omnidirectional and broadband stealth effects, and provides a feasible dynamic regulation solution for stealth technology in practical applications.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on active metasurfaces, comprising four regions, with multiple metasurfaces arranged in each region. The metasurfaces are divided according to a predetermined region. Among them, both Region 1 and Region 4 include three metasurfaces, and both Region 2 and Region 3 include four metasurfaces. The propagation path of electromagnetic waves in each region is precisely regulated by metasurface units. Electromagnetic waves pass through the corresponding number of metasurfaces in each region, and omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth of electromagnetic waves can be achieved by actively adjusting the phase distribution of the metasurfaces.
[0006] Optionally, Region 1 and Region 4 are symmetric with respect to the origin, and Region 2 and Region 3 are symmetric with respect to the origin. The metasurface units in different regions are adjusted according to the phase consistency condition to ensure precise control of electromagnetic waves at different incident angles.
[0007] Optionally, the phase consistency condition is specifically: ; In the formula, , , , , , , , , , , , represent the linear or nonlinear dispersion relationship of any active high-transmittance metasurface unit.
[0008] Optionally, the calculation of the phase distribution required by the metasurface unit is specifically: ; ; ; ; In the formula, α is the incident angle, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅰ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅱ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅲ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅳ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅴ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅵ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅶ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅷ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅸ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅹ, is the phase distribution of metasurface ⅩⅠ, is the phase distribution of metasurface ⅩⅡ, r 1 is the size of the cloaking device, r 2 is the size of the cloaking area, 、 、 、 、 、 、 , f is the operating frequency, c is the speed of light, β is the angle adjustment factor, expressed as .
[0009] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission cloaking device based on an active metasurface, which has the following beneficial effects: Through reasonable metasurface design and dynamic regulation of varactor diodes, the present invention achieves cloaking effects at multiple incident angles and in a wide frequency band. It not only has omnidirectionality and broadband characteristics, but also has good dynamic regulation ability, meeting the requirements of modern cloaking technology, especially having important application prospects in the fields of military, aerospace, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0010] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
[0011] Figure 1 is the schematic diagram of the omnidirectional broadband transmission cloaking device of the present invention; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the beam deflection analysis of Region 1 and Region 4 of the present invention; Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the beam deflection analysis of Region 2 and Region 3 of the present invention; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the integrated omnidirectional cloaking device of the present invention; Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the phase consistency condition of Region 1 and Region 4 of the present invention; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the phase consistency condition of Region 2 and Region 3 of the present invention; Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the simulation result at 0° incidence in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8Schematic diagram of simulation results at 45° incidence in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of simulation results at 22.5° incidence in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of simulation results at 30° incidence in the embodiments of the present invention; Detailed implementation manners
[0012] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0013] The embodiments of the present invention disclose a perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface. As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, it includes four regions, and multiple metasurfaces are arranged in each region. The metasurfaces are divided according to a predetermined region. Among them, both region one and region four include three metasurfaces, and both region two and region three include four metasurfaces. The propagation path of electromagnetic waves in each region is precisely regulated by metasurface units. Electromagnetic waves pass through the corresponding number of metasurfaces in each region, and omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth of electromagnetic waves can be achieved by actively adjusting the phase distribution of the metasurfaces.
[0014] In the embodiments of the present invention, the size of the stealth region can be freely selected. For the convenience of subsequent simulation verification, it is assumed that the size of the stealth region r 2 = 15 mm, and the size of the omnidirectional stealth device is set to r 1 = 70 mm. The background environment is air, and the incident angle of electromagnetic waves can be adjusted within the range of [0°, 45°] to ensure the omnidirectional stealth effect. As Figure 2 shown, in region one and region four, electromagnetic waves sequentially pass through three metasurface units; as Figure 3 shown, the electromagnetic waves in region two and region three pass through four metasurface units; Furthermore, region one and region four are symmetric with respect to the origin, and region two and region three are symmetric with respect to the origin. The metasurface units in different regions are adjusted according to the phase consistency condition to ensure that electromagnetic waves can be accurately controlled at different incident angles.
[0015] Furthermore, the phase consistency condition is specifically: ; In the formula, , , , , , , , , , , , represent the linear or nonlinear dispersion relations of any active high-transmittance metasurface unit. The phase consistency conditions for Region 1 and Region 4, and Region 2 and Region 3 are as shown in Figure 5 , Figure 6 respectively.
[0016] Furthermore, in order to ensure that the electromagnetic wave can accurately control its propagation path after passing through the metasurface, each metasurface in the device needs to adjust the corresponding phase. According to the generalized Snell's law, the specific calculation of the phase distribution required by the metasurface unit is as follows: ; ; ; ; wherein, α is the incident angle, is the phase distribution of Metasurface I, is the phase distribution of Metasurface II, is the phase distribution of Metasurface III, is the phase distribution of Metasurface IV, is the phase distribution of Metasurface V, is the phase distribution of Metasurface VI, is the phase distribution of Metasurface VII, is the phase distribution of Metasurface VIII, is the phase distribution of Metasurface IX, is the phase distribution of Metasurface X, is the phase distribution of Metasurface XI, is the phase distribution of Metasurface XII, r 1 is the size of the stealth device, r 2 is the size of the stealth area, , , , , , , , f is the operating frequency, c is the speed of light, β is the angle adjustment factor, expressed as . Among them, , , , , , , are all intermediate parameters for calculation.
[0017] In the embodiments of the present invention, the metasurface can be adjusted by varactor diodes, which can adjust the equivalent capacitance of each metasurface by applying an external bias voltage, thereby realizing the phase adjustment of the metasurface unit.
[0018] In the embodiments of the present invention, in order to verify the stealth performance of the device of the present invention, COMSOL Multiphysics multi-physics simulation software is used for modeling, and the Electromagnetic Waves physics field is selected for numerical simulation. During the simulation, in order to reflect the electromagnetic wave regulation ability of the metasurface, corresponding boundary conditions are applied, and a transition boundary condition is used to model the metasurface. In addition, the square bare object is modeled as a perfect electric conductor to ensure its complete reflection characteristics of electromagnetic waves and accurately describe the scattering characteristics of the bare object. Through the simulation, the stealth effects at different incident angles (such as 0°, 22.5°, 30°, 45°) are considered. In the simulation, by rotating the angle of the stealth device α to simulate different incident conditions. Due to the symmetry of the device, the value range of the incident angle α is set to [0°, 45°], which is sufficient to describe its stealth performance in an omnidirectional environment. The simulation results at incident angles of 0°, 45°, 22.5°, and 30° are respectively as Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 shown, Figure 7 in (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) are the analysis and simulation results of the bare object at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz at an incident angle of 0°, Figure 7 in (f), (g), (h), (i), (j) are the analysis and simulation results of the omnidirectional stealth device at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz at an incident angle of 0°; Figure 8 in (a), (b), (c), (d), (e) are the analysis and simulation results of the bare object at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz at an incident angle of 45°, Figure 8 in (f), (g), (h), (i), (j) are the analysis and simulation results of the omnidirectional stealth device at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz at an incident angle of 45°; Figure 9Among them, (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) are the analysis and simulation results of the bare object at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz respectively when the incident angle is 22.5°, Figure 9 Among them, (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j) are the analysis and simulation results of the omnidirectional stealth device at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz respectively when the incident angle is 22.5°; Figure 10 Among them, (a), (b), (c), (d), and (e) are the analysis and simulation results of the bare object at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz respectively when the incident angle is 30°, Figure 10 Among them, (f), (g), (h), (i), and (j) are the analysis and simulation results of the omnidirectional stealth device at 8 GHz, 9 GHz, 10 GHz, 11 GHz, and 12 GHz respectively when the incident angle is 30°; The simulation results show that no matter how the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave changes, the electromagnetic wave can bypass the target area under the metasurface regulation and achieve perfect wavefront reconstruction behind the object, indicating that the device has stable omnidirectional broadband stealth performance.
[0019] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.
[0020] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art. The general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface, characterized in that It includes four regions, with multiple metasurfaces arranged in each region. The metasurfaces are divided according to a predetermined region. Among them, both region one and region four include three metasurfaces, and both region two and region three include four metasurfaces. The propagation path of electromagnetic waves in each region is precisely regulated by metasurface units. The electromagnetic waves pass through the corresponding number of metasurfaces in each region, and omnidirectional broadband transmission invisibility of electromagnetic waves can be achieved by actively adjusting the phase distribution of the metasurfaces.
2. The perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface according to claim 1, wherein Region one and region four are symmetric with respect to the origin, and region two and region three are symmetric with respect to the origin. The metasurface units in different regions are adjusted according to the phase consistency condition to ensure precise control of electromagnetic waves at different incident angles.
3. The perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface according to claim 2, characterized in that, The phase consistency condition is specifically: ； In the formula, , , , , , , , , , , , represent the linear or nonlinear dispersion relations of any active high transmittance metasurface unit.
4. The perfect omnidirectional broadband transmission stealth device based on an active metasurface according to claim 3, characterized in that, The calculation of the phase distribution required for the metasurface units is specifically: ； ； ； ； In the formula, α is the incident angle, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅰ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅱ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅲ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅳ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅴ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅵ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅶ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅷ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅸ, is the phase distribution of metasurface Ⅹ, is the phase distribution of metasurface ⅩⅠ, is the phase distribution of metasurface ⅩⅡ, r 1 is the size of the cloaking device, r 2 is the size of the cloaking area, , , , , , , , f is the operating frequency, c is the speed of light, β is the angle adjustment factor, expressed as .