Base station positioning method and device based on radio map, equipment and medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a base station positioning method and device based on a radio map, equipment and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of radio map positioning. The method comprises the following steps: setting the transmitting power of a to-be-tested base station as a typical power value; calculating a minimum mean square error value between the simulation field intensity sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position; performing enhancement operation on the target space field distribution area obtained by the minimum mean square error value, and obtaining a radio map data set of the to-be-constructed map area; selecting a plurality of position points with the highest field intensity in the radio map data set of the to-be-constructed map area as base station virtual positions, and respectively calculating the square residual sum of each base station virtual position; and by obtaining the minimum square residual sum, taking the determined virtual position of the target base station as the actual position of the base station according to the minimum square residual sum. Through the provided scheme, the error value between the test data and the real data is reduced, and the actual position of the base station can be accurately positioned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of radio map positioning, and in particular, to a base station positioning method, device, equipment and medium based on a radio map. Background Art

[0002] Radio maps have received extensive attention as tools for accurately estimating the characteristics of the radio environment. As a spatial database, a radio map characterizes the spatial distribution of electromagnetic waves and stores radio environment information in the corresponding spatial area, such as reference signal received power, received signal strength indication, and power spectral density. Operators and radio monitoring departments construct radio maps to characterize the propagation and coverage characteristics of spatial radio waves, and this information plays a key role in wireless network optimization and radio management.

[0003] However, in an urban environment, the data required to construct a radio map is generally obtained through road testing. This measurement method often involves huge consumption of manpower and material resources, has a small data coverage area, and it is difficult to obtain complete channel propagation and coverage information in the target area. Moreover, the error of reconstructing a radio map by the currently commonly used spatial interpolation method is relatively large, which cannot clearly reflect the electromagnetic environment characteristics of the target area and cannot accurately locate the base station position. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application provide a base station positioning method, device, equipment and medium based on a radio map.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a base station positioning method based on a radio map, and the method includes:

[0006] Set the transmission power of the base station to be measured to a typical power value;

[0007] Obtain an actual measurement sequence by performing road testing on the field strengths at different positions in the area to be mapped;

[0008] Obtain a simulated field strength sequence at different positions in the area to be mapped according to the typical power value;

[0009] Calculate the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position;

[0010] Obtain a target spatial field distribution area according to the minimum mean square error value;

[0011] Perform an enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the area to be mapped after enhancement;

[0012] Select at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map dataset as the virtual positions of the base stations, and calculate the sum of the squared residuals of each of the virtual positions of the base stations respectively;

[0013] By comparing the sums of the squared residuals of each of the virtual positions of the base stations, obtain the minimum sum of the squared residuals, and determine the target virtual position of the base station according to the minimum sum of the squared residuals;

[0014] Determine the target virtual position of the base station as the actual position of the base station.

[0015] In one embodiment, calculate the minimum mean square error value according to the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] where MSE(P t ) is the minimum mean square error value, M i represents the measured value in the actual measurement sequence at point x i , P t is the typical power value, R(x, y) is the attenuation function, and ε is the interference value.

[0018] In one embodiment, respectively obtain a plurality of simulation values and measured values at different positions in the area of the map to be constructed, wherein each position corresponds to including one of the simulation values and one of the measured values;

[0019] Judge whether the coordinate values of the simulation value and the measured value at the same position are aligned;

[0020] If the coordinate values of the simulation value and the measured value are aligned, then replace the simulation value with the corresponding measured value to obtain a replacement data value;

[0021] Perform distribution interpolation calculation on the target space field distribution area based on the replacement data value by the bilinear interpolation method.

[0022] In one embodiment, if the coordinate values of the simulation value and the measured value are not aligned, do not perform data processing operations on the simulation value and the measured value.

[0023] In one embodiment, determine a measured value dense area, a measured value sparse area, and a remaining area through the measured values;

[0024] Obtain target measured values according to the measured value dense area;

[0025] Obtain enhanced measured values according to the measured value sparse area;

[0026] Obtain target true values according to the remaining area;

[0027] Obtain the radio map data set of the enhanced map area to be constructed according to the target measurement value, the enhanced measurement value, and the target true value.

[0028] In one embodiment, obtaining the target measurement value according to the dense measurement value area includes:

[0029] Perform the bilinear interpolation method on the dense measurement value area to obtain the target measurement value;

[0030] Obtaining the enhanced measurement value according to the sparse measurement value area includes:

[0031] Replace the simulation value in the sparse measurement value area with the measurement value at the corresponding coordinate position to obtain the enhanced measurement value;

[0032] Obtaining the target true value according to the remaining area includes:

[0033] Use the least mean square error method for the remaining area to obtain the target true value.

[0034] In one embodiment, calculate the sum of squared residuals according to the following formula:

[0035]

[0036] Where SSR is the sum of squared residuals, S i represents the simulation value in the simulation field strength sequence at the i-th position, M i represents the measurement value in the actual measurement sequence at the i-th position.

[0037] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a base station positioning device based on a radio map. The base station positioning device based on a radio map includes:

[0038] A setting module for setting the transmission power of the base station to be measured to a typical power value;

[0039] An obtaining module for obtaining an actual measurement sequence by performing a road test on the field strength at different positions in the map area to be constructed;

[0040] A first obtaining module for obtaining a simulation field strength sequence at different positions in the map area to be constructed according to the typical power value;

[0041] A first calculation module for calculating the least mean square error value between the simulation field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position;

[0042] A second obtaining module for obtaining a target spatial field distribution area according to the least mean square error value;

[0043] An enhancement module for performing an enhancement operation on the target space field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the to-be-constructed map area after enhancement;

[0044] A second calculation module for selecting at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map data set as virtual base station positions, and respectively calculating the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position;

[0045] A comparison module for obtaining the minimum sum of squared residuals by comparing the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position, and determining the target virtual base station position according to the minimum sum of squared residuals;

[0046] A determination module for determining the target virtual base station position as the actual base station position.

[0047] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory is used to store a computer program, and the computer program executes the base station positioning method based on a radio map provided in the first aspect when running on the processor.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program executes the base station positioning method based on a radio map provided in the first aspect when running on a processor.

[0049] For the base station positioning method, device, equipment and medium provided by the present application above, the transmission power of the to-be-tested base station is set to a typical power value; by performing a road test on the field strength at different positions in the to-be-constructed map area, an actual measurement sequence is obtained; according to the typical power value, a simulated field strength sequence at different positions in the to-be-constructed map area is obtained; the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position is calculated; according to the minimum mean square error value, a target space field distribution area is obtained; an enhancement operation is performed on the target space field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the to-be-constructed map area after enhancement; at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map data set are selected as virtual base station positions, and the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position is respectively calculated; by comparing the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position, the minimum sum of squared residuals is obtained, and the target virtual base station position is determined according to the minimum sum of squared residuals; the target virtual base station position is determined as the actual base station position. Through the provided solution, the error value between the test data and the real data is reduced, and by using the prior radio wave propagation information of the radio environment, the requirement for the test data volume for constructing the radio map is reduced, and the construction quality of the radio map and the positioning accuracy of the base station position in a complex environment are improved. Description of the Drawings

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following accompanying drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and should not be regarded as limiting the protection scope of the present application. In each of the accompanying drawings, similar components are numbered similarly.

[0051] Figure 1 It shows a schematic flowchart of a base station positioning method based on a radio map;

[0052] Figure 2 It shows a schematic diagram of the building distribution within a map area to be constructed provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Figure 3 It shows a schematic diagram of a road test route and results provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Figure 4 It shows a schematic diagram of the optimized simulation results provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 5 It shows a schematic diagram of the residuals between the simulation values and the measured values provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 6 It shows a schematic diagram of the enhanced simulation results provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 7 It shows a comparison schematic diagram of base station positioning provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 8 It shows a schematic structural diagram of a base station positioning device based on a radio map provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 9 It shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] Icons: 800 - Base station positioning device based on radio map, 801 - Setting module, 802 - Obtaining module, 803 - First obtaining module, 804 - First calculation module, 805 - Second obtaining module, 806 - Enhancement module, 807 - Second calculation module, 808 - Comparison module, 809 - Determination module, 900 - Electronic device, 901 - Transceiver, 902 - Processor, 903 - Memory. Detailed implementation manners

[0061] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0062] The components of the embodiments of the present application that are generally described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings herein can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0063] Hereinafter, the terms "including", "having" and their cognates that can be used in various embodiments of the present application are only intended to represent specific features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items, and should not be construed as first excluding the existence of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items or precluding the possibility of adding one or more features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components or combinations of the foregoing items.

[0064] In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0065] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the various embodiments of the present application belong. The terms (such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary) will be interpreted as having the same meaning as the contextual meaning in the relevant technical field and will not be interpreted as having an idealized meaning or an overly formal meaning unless clearly defined in the various embodiments of the present application.

[0066] Embodiment 1

[0067] The embodiments of the present application provide a base station positioning method based on a radio map, which is applicable to the field of radio monitoring coverage prediction. As an important analysis means in wireless communication, it is very important to accurately predict the radio coverage of the radio map. Therefore, it is of great significance to construct a complete radio map of the target area by using the data enhancement method and accurately locate the position of the base station.

[0068] See Figure 1 , the base station positioning method based on the radio map includes:

[0069] S101, set the transmission power of the base station to be measured to a typical power value.

[0070] It should be noted that a ray tracing model of the map area to be constructed was established using Altair Feko 2021.2 and simulated. The OSM file of the corresponding area was downloaded through OpenStreetMap (OSM) and imported into the WallMan software for format conversion and extraction to obtain the building model.

[0071] Specifically, the buildings in the map area to be constructed are mainly three-story high, with the floor height and roof height set to 3.9 m and 1.5 m respectively. The simulation resolution accuracy is set to 5 m. By obtaining the main parameters of the base station antenna and assuming that the transmit power of the base station antenna to be measured is a typical power value, the main parameters of the antenna are shown in Table 1.

[0072] Table 1 Main parameters of the base station antenna

[0073] Parameter Description Parameter Value Parameter Unit Longitude 12.5234 / Latitude 55.7848 / Antenna Gain 15 dBi Antenna Height 25 m Operating Frequency 2.6 GHz Transmit Power 40 dBm

[0074] The building distribution and the position of the base station antenna (site Antenna) in the map area to be constructed are as Figure 2 shown. The coordinate system in the figure is the XY coordinate system, with the unit of kilometer (km).

[0075] S102, By performing road tests on the field strength at different positions in the map area to be constructed, an actual measurement sequence is obtained.

[0076] In this embodiment, the road test means receiving signals using a field strength meter and recording the actual measurement values within 2 to 4 milliseconds while maintaining a certain speed. The actual values obtained from multiple measurements form the actual measurement sequence. The road test route and results are as Figure 3 shown.

[0077] S103, Obtain the simulation field strength sequence at different positions in the map area to be constructed according to the typical power value.

[0078] It should be noted that when the main parameters of the base station antenna are known, assuming the transmit power is P t , the attenuation function of the ray tracing method in the simulation software is R(x, y), and other interferences and errors are ε , then the simulation value S i at point X i (x i , y i ) is obtained by the formula:

[0079] S i = P t ·R(x i , y i ) + ε i

[0080] The simulated field strength value sequence S[S1, S2, …, S n at n measurement positions is obtained through simulation, and the mean square error between this sequence and the measured field strength value sequence M[M1, M2, …, M n at the same positions is calculated. The specific calculation method is as shown in S104.

[0081] S104. Calculate the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position.

[0082] Among them, the formula for obtaining the mean square error value MSE is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] In the formula, M i represents the actual measurement value at point i, and S i represents the simulated value in the simulated field strength sequence at point i.

[0085] In an embodiment, the formula for obtaining the minimum mean square error value is:

[0086]

[0087] Among them, MSE(P t ) is the minimum mean square error value, M i represents the measurement value in the actual measurement sequence at point x i , P t is the typical power value, R(x, y) is the attenuation function, and ε is the interference value.

[0088] When solving the partial derivative to make dMSE / dP t = 0, the minimum value of MSE can be obtained, that is, the minimum mean square error value.

[0089] It should be noted that the transmit power corresponding to the minimum mean square error value is the transmit power closest to the actual one. Since the base station transmit power is unknown, only by assuming typical transmit power values and simulating the field strength sequence of the spatial field distribution calculated and comparing it with the actual measurement sequence, the value closest to the true transmit power can be obtained according to the minimum mean square error criterion.

[0090] S105. Obtain the target spatial field distribution area according to the minimum mean square error value.

[0091] It should be noted that by increasing and decreasing the typical power value and repeating steps S101 to S104, the spatial field distribution of the simulation of the area to be constructed on the map corresponding to the minimum mean square error is obtained, which is the spatial field distribution closest to the actual measurement value, as well as the optimized transmit power value.

[0092] S106. Perform an enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the to-be-constructed map area after enhancement.

[0093] In this embodiment, since the accuracy of the simulation value is 5 meters, but the measurement values used are obtained by measuring at a certain speed every 2 to 4 milliseconds when on the roadside, which results in a part of the coordinates of the simulation value and the measurement value not being aligned. Therefore, the measurement value coordinates are divided into two categories according to the criterion of whether they can be aligned with the simulation value coordinates, and the part of the measurement values with aligned coordinates is replaced at the corresponding positions in the simulation value, and interpolation calculations are performed based on these values by using the bilinear interpolation method.

[0094] In one implementation manner, a plurality of simulation values and measurement values at different positions in the to-be-constructed map area are respectively obtained, where each position correspondingly includes one of the simulation value and one of the measurement values; determine whether the coordinate values of the simulation value and the measurement value at the same position are aligned; if the coordinate values of the simulation value and the measurement value are aligned, then replace the measurement value with the corresponding simulation value to obtain a replaced data value; perform distribution interpolation calculations on the target spatial field distribution area based on the replaced data value by using the bilinear interpolation method to complete the enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area.

[0095] It should be noted that for the points with consistent coordinates in the two types of data, the measurement value is used to replace the simulation value at the corresponding position, and then the simulation points around this position are recalculated once by using the bilinear interpolation method.

[0096] The bilinear interpolation method is a combination and superposition of linear interpolations in two directions, and its core idea is to perform interpolation once in each of the two directions. Assume that the measurement value r_13 replaces the simulation value x_13, then interpolation operations are performed again on the points around the replaced r_13. Take the point x_22 as an example. Assume that the four point coordinates used for calculation are x_11 = (x_1, y_1), x_31 = (x_1, y_2), r_13 = (x_2, y_1), and x_33 = (x_2, y_2), and the goal is to obtain the value of the unknown function f at the point r_22 = (x, y). The bilinear interpolation method first performs interpolation in the x direction as follows:

[0097] f(x, y_1) = P_1 = (x_2 - x) / (x_2 - x_1)f(x_11) + (x - x_1) / (x_2 - x_1)f(r_13)

[0098] f(x, y_2) = P_2 = (x_2 - x) / (x_2 - x_1)f(x_31) + (x - x_1) / (x_2 - x_1)f(x_33)

[0099] Then interpolation is performed in the y direction as follows:

[0100] f(x,y) = r_22 = (y_1 - y) / (y_1 - y_2)f(x,y_2)+(y - y_2) / (y_1 - y_2)f(x,y_1)

[0101] Since bilinear interpolation only uses the adjacent 4 points, the denominators of the above formula are all 1. The bilinear interpolation method is independent of the interpolation order and only related to the adjacent 4 points that determine the interpolation points. Therefore, the calculation order of the x-axis and y-axis does not affect the result. The points replacing the measured values after calculation remain unchanged.

[0102] It should be further noted that the optimization of the base station antenna transmission power is completed through steps S101 to S106, and the simulation results after optimization are as Figure 4 shown.

[0103] In an embodiment, if the coordinate values of the simulation value and the measured value are not aligned, no data processing operation is performed on the simulation value and the measured value.

[0104] It should be noted that since the coordinate values of the simulation value and the measured value are not aligned, it cannot play a role in enhancing the transmission power, so no data processing operation is performed.

[0105] In an embodiment, the measured value dense area, the measured value sparse area and the remaining area are determined through the measured value; the target measured value is obtained according to the measured value dense area; the enhanced measured value is obtained according to the measured value sparse area; the target true value is obtained according to the remaining area; and the radio map data set of the to-be-constructed map area after enhancement is obtained according to the target measured value, the enhanced measured value and the target true value.

[0106] In this embodiment, the residual map is obtained by subtracting the simulation value and the measured value at the same position obtained in the above steps, specifically as Figure 5 shown. According to Figure 5It can be known that the data adjustment values are distributed between -5 dB and 5 dB, mainly concentrated around 2 dB, and these values account for 96.8% of the total. At some positions, abnormal values appear because the positions and heights of buildings in the real environment during measurement are inconsistent with the simulation values. These adjustment values greater than 10 dB or less than -10 dB account for about 0.1% of the total. Only using the bilinear interpolation method can only have a greater impact on the points near the interpolation points, and the impact on the points far away can be ignored; while only using the least mean square error method, although the field strength values in the entire area increase by about 2 dB, the proportion of abnormal values generated also increases significantly, and a large number of abnormal values are distributed in the area with dense buildings. Therefore, based on the analysis of the data distribution of the road test data set used in this embodiment, the bilinear interpolation method is used in the area where the measurement points are densely distributed, and the least mean square error method is used in the remaining area. The radio map constructed in this way will retain the advantages of both methods at the same time. Therefore, the quality of the radio map reconstruction of the method proposed in this paper is significantly improved.

[0107] In one embodiment, the bilinear interpolation calculation is performed on the dense area of the measured values to obtain the target measured values; the simulation values in the sparse area of the measured values are used to replace the measured values at the corresponding coordinate positions to obtain the enhanced measured values; the least mean square error method is used for the remaining area to obtain the target true values.

[0108] It should be noted that the enhanced area to be constructed of the map is obtained through the above embodiment, where the enhanced area to be constructed of the map is as Figure 6 shown.

[0109] S107, select at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map data set as the virtual positions of the base stations, and calculate the sum of the squared residuals of each virtual position of the base station respectively.

[0110] In one embodiment, the sum of the squared residuals is obtained through the formula,

[0111]

[0112] where SSR is the sum of the squared residuals, S i represents the simulation value in the simulation field strength sequence at the i-th place, and M i represents the measured value in the actual measurement sequence at the i-th place.

[0113] For example, after obtaining the radio map data set of the enhanced area to be constructed of the map, five position points with the highest field strength values in the radio map data set are set as the virtual positions of the base stations, and the minimum sum of the squared residuals between the corresponding simulation values and the actual measured values is calculated based on these positions. The virtual position with the minimum sum of the squared residuals is identified as the actual position of the base station.

[0114] S108. By comparing the sum of squared residuals of the virtual positions of each base station, the minimum sum of squared residuals is obtained, and the virtual position of the target base station is determined according to the minimum sum of squared residuals.

[0115] S109. Determine the virtual position of the target base station as the actual position of the base station.

[0116] In this embodiment, as Figure 7 it can be seen, the located base station position and the actual position are as Figure 7 shown. The black triangles in the figure are the actual positions of the base stations, the light gray triangles are the positioning results, and the positioning error is 47.66 m.

[0117] For the base station positioning method of the radio map provided in this embodiment, the transmission power of the base station to be measured is set to a typical power value; by performing road tests on the field strengths at different positions in the area to be mapped, an actual measurement sequence is obtained; according to the typical power value, a simulated field strength sequence at different positions in the area to be mapped is obtained; the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position is calculated; according to the minimum mean square error value, a target space field distribution area is obtained; an enhancement operation is performed on the target space field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the enhanced area to be mapped; at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map data set are selected as the virtual positions of the base stations, and the sum of squared residuals of each virtual position of the base station is calculated respectively; by comparing the sum of squared residuals of each virtual position of the base station, the minimum sum of squared residuals is obtained, and the virtual position of the target base station is determined according to the minimum sum of squared residuals; the virtual position of the target base station is determined as the actual position of the base station. Through the provided solution, the error value between the test data and the real data is reduced, and by using the prior radio wave propagation information of the radio environment, the requirement for the amount of measured values for constructing the radio map is reduced, and the construction quality of the radio map and the positioning accuracy of the base station position in a complex environment are improved.

[0118] Embodiment 2

[0119] In addition, an embodiment of the present application provides a base station positioning device based on a radio map.

[0120] As Figure 8 shown, the base station positioning device 800 based on a radio map includes:

[0121] A setting module 801, configured to set the transmission power of the base station to be measured to a typical power value;

[0122] An obtaining module 802, configured to obtain an actual measurement sequence by performing road tests on the field strengths at different positions in the area to be mapped;

[0123] The first acquisition module 803 is configured to obtain a simulated field strength sequence at different positions in the map area to be constructed according to the typical power value;

[0124] The first calculation module 804 is configured to calculate the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position;

[0125] The second acquisition module 805 is configured to obtain a target spatial field distribution area according to the minimum mean square error value;

[0126] The enhancement module 806 is configured to perform an enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the map area to be constructed after enhancement;

[0127] The second calculation module 807 is configured to select at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map data set as virtual base station positions, and calculate the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position respectively;

[0128] The comparison module 808 is configured to obtain the minimum sum of squared residuals by comparing the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position, and determine the target virtual base station position according to the minimum sum of squared residuals;

[0129] The determination module 809 is configured to determine the target virtual base station position as the actual base station position.

[0130] The base station positioning device 800 based on the radio map provided in this embodiment can implement the base station positioning method based on the radio map provided in Embodiment 1. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0131] Embodiment 3

[0132] In addition, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program runs on the processor, it executes the base station positioning method based on the radio map provided in Embodiment 1.

[0133] Specifically, refer to Figure 9, the electronic device 900 includes: a transceiver 901, a bus interface, and a processor 902. The processor 902 is configured to: set the transmit power of the base station to be measured to a typical power value; obtain an actual measurement sequence by performing a road test on the field strength at different positions in the map area to be constructed; obtain a simulated field strength sequence at different positions in the map area to be constructed according to the typical power value; calculate the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position; obtain a target spatial field distribution area according to the minimum mean square error value; perform an enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the enhanced map area to be constructed; select at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map data set as virtual base station positions, and calculate the sum of squared residuals for each of the virtual base station positions respectively; obtain the minimum sum of squared residuals by comparing the sum of squared residuals for each of the virtual base station positions, and determine the target virtual base station position according to the minimum sum of squared residuals; determine the target virtual base station position as the actual base station position.

[0134] In one embodiment, the processor 902 is further configured to: calculate the minimum mean square error value according to the following formula:

[0135]

[0136] where MSE(P t ) is the minimum mean square error value, M i represents the measured value in the actual measurement sequence at point x i , P t is the typical power value, R(x, y) is an attenuation function, and ε is an interference value.

[0137] In one embodiment, the processor 902 is further configured to: respectively obtain a plurality of simulated values and measured values at different positions in the map area to be constructed, where each position corresponds to one simulated value and one measured value; determine whether the coordinate values of the simulated value and the measured value at the same position are aligned; if the coordinate values of the simulated value and the measured value are aligned, then replace the simulated value with the measured value to obtain a replaced data value; perform distribution interpolation calculation on the target spatial field distribution area based on the replaced data value by using bilinear interpolation to complete the enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area.

[0138] In one embodiment, the processor 902 is further configured to: if the coordinate values of the simulated value and the measured value are not aligned, then do not perform data processing operations on the simulated value and the measured value.

[0139] In one embodiment, the processor 902 is further configured to: determine a measurement value dense area, a measurement value sparse area, and a remaining area based on the measurement values; obtain target measurement values according to the measurement value dense area; obtain enhanced measurement values according to the measurement value sparse area; obtain target true values according to the remaining area; and obtain a radio map data set of the enhanced area to be constructed based on the target measurement values, the enhanced measurement values, and the target true values.

[0140] In one embodiment, the processor 902 is further configured to: perform the bilinear interpolation calculation on the measurement value dense area to obtain target measurement values; replace the measurement values at corresponding coordinate positions with the simulation values in the measurement value sparse area to obtain enhanced measurement values; and use the least mean square error method for the remaining area to obtain target true values.

[0141] In one embodiment, the processor 902 is further configured to calculate the sum of squared residuals according to the following formula:

[0142]

[0143] where SSR is the sum of squared residuals, S i represents the simulation value in the simulation field strength sequence at the i-th position, and M i represents the measurement value in the actual measurement sequence at the i-th position.

[0144] In the embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 900 further includes: a memory 903. In Figure 9 this case, the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically, various circuits of one or more processors represented by the processor 902 and the memory represented by the memory 903 are linked together. The bus architecture can also link together various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art, and thus will not be further described herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver 901 may be multiple elements, that is, including a transmitter and a receiver, and provides a unit for communicating with various other devices on the transmission medium. The processor 902 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 903 can store the data used by the processor 902 when performing operations.

[0145] The electronic device 900 provided in the embodiments of the present application can execute the steps of the base station positioning based on the radio map provided in the above method embodiment 1. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated herein.

[0146] Embodiment 4

[0147] The present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the base station positioning method based on a radio map provided in Embodiment 1 is implemented.

[0148] In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM for short), a random access memory (RAM for short), a magnetic disk, an optical disc, or the like.

[0149] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this embodiment can implement the base station positioning method based on a radio map provided in Embodiment 1. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0150] It should be noted that in this article, the term "including", "comprising", or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or terminal including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal. Without more limitations, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article, or terminal including that element.

[0151] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-described embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disc), and includes several instructions for causing a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, an air conditioner, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0152] The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the purpose and scope protected by the claims of the present application, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A base station positioning method based on a radio map, characterized in that, The method includes: Set the transmission power of the base station to be measured to a typical power value; Obtain an actual measurement sequence by performing road tests on the field strengths at different positions in the area where the map is to be constructed; Obtain a simulated field strength sequence at different positions in the area where the map is to be constructed according to the typical power value; Calculate the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position; Obtain the target spatial field distribution area according to the minimum mean square error value; Perform an enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the area where the map is to be constructed after enhancement; Select at least two position points with the highest field strength in the radio map data set as virtual base station positions, and calculate the sum of squared residuals for each virtual base station position respectively; Obtain the minimum sum of squared residuals by comparing the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position, and determine the target virtual base station position according to the minimum sum of squared residuals; Determine the target virtual base station position as the actual position of the base station.

2. The method for positioning a base station based on a radio map according to claim 1, wherein Calculate the minimum mean square error value according to the following formula: Among them, MSE(P t ) is the minimum mean square error value, M i represents the measured value in the actual measurement sequence at point x i , P t is the typical power value, R(x, y) is the attenuation function, and ε is the interference value.

3. The method for positioning a base station based on a radio map according to claim 1, wherein The step of performing an enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the area where the map is to be constructed after enhancement includes: Obtain multiple simulated values and measurement values at different positions in the area where the map is to be constructed respectively, where each position corresponds to one simulated value and one measurement value; Determine whether the coordinate values of the simulated value and the measurement value at the same position are aligned; If the coordinate values of the simulated value and the measurement value are aligned, replace the simulated value with the measurement value to obtain a replaced data value; Perform distribution interpolation calculation on the target spatial field distribution area by using bilinear interpolation method based on the replaced data value.

4. The base station positioning method based on a radio map according to claim 3, wherein, The step of determining whether the coordinate values of the simulated value and the measurement value at the same position are aligned includes: If the coordinate values of the simulated value and the measurement value are not aligned, do not perform data processing operations on the simulated value and the measurement value.

5. The method for positioning a base station based on a radio map according to claim 3, wherein The method further includes: Determine a measurement value dense area, a measurement value sparse area, and a remaining area through the measurement values; Obtain target measurement values according to the measurement value dense area; Obtain enhanced measurement values according to the measurement value sparse area; Obtain target true values according to the remaining area; Obtain a radio map data set of the area where the map is to be constructed after enhancement according to the target measurement values, the enhanced measurement values, and the target true values.

6. The method for positioning a base station based on a radio map according to claim 5, wherein, The step of obtaining target measurement values according to the measurement value dense area includes: Perform the bilinear interpolation method on the measurement value dense area to obtain target measurement values; The step of obtaining enhanced measurement values according to the measurement value sparse area includes: Replace the measurement value in the measurement value sparse area with the simulated value at the corresponding coordinate position to obtain enhanced measurement values; The step of obtaining target true values according to the remaining area includes: Use the minimum mean square error method for the remaining area to obtain target true values.

7. The method for positioning a base station based on a radio map according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the sum of squared residuals according to the following formula: where SSR is the sum of squared residuals, S i represents the simulated value in the simulated field strength sequence at the i-th location, M i represents the measured value in the actual measurement sequence at the i-th location.

8. A base station positioning device based on a radio map, characterized in that, The device includes: A setting module for setting the transmission power of the base station to be measured to a typical power value; An acquisition module, configured to obtain an actual measurement sequence by performing a road test on the field strengths at different positions of the map area to be constructed; A first acquisition module, configured to obtain a simulated field strength sequence at different positions of the map area to be constructed according to the typical power value; A first calculation module, configured to calculate the minimum mean square error value between the simulated field strength sequence and the actual measurement sequence at the same receiving position; A second acquisition module, configured to obtain a target spatial field distribution area according to the minimum mean square error value; An enhancement module, configured to perform an enhancement operation on the target spatial field distribution area to obtain a radio map data set of the map area to be constructed after enhancement; A second calculation module, configured to select at least two position points with the highest field strengths in the radio map data set as virtual base station positions, and respectively calculate the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position; A comparison module, configured to obtain the minimum sum of squared residuals by comparing the sum of squared residuals of each virtual base station position, and determine the target virtual base station position according to the minimum sum of squared residuals; A determination module, configured to determine the target virtual base station position as the actual base station position.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program executes the radio map-based base station positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when running on the processor.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program, and the computer program executes the radio map-based base station positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when running on a processor.

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