Uplink power control based on beamforming

Abstract

Power control systems and methods are provided that incorporate the effects of beamforming gain offsets into uplink power control. The beamforming gain offset occurs if the downlink reference beam is different from the uplink communication beam. Methods of estimating and incorporating beamforming gain offsets for a UE and a BS into a power control formula are provided. At least one parameter related to a beamforming gain offset between uplink and downlink beamformers of the UE and / or the BS is transmitted between the UE and the BS. The UE sends an uplink signal, the BS receives the uplink signal, and the transmission power of the uplink signal is partially based on the at least one parameter. The parameter may be a direct indication of one or more of the offsets, or other parameter incorporating an effect of one or more of the offsets.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application generally relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to methods and systems for uplink power control. Background Art

[0002] The frequency bands to be used in next-generation wireless communication include the currently used frequency bands and higher frequency bands. Higher frequencies can use smaller antenna elements. Thus, a base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) can be equipped with more antenna elements and adopt more flexible beamforming. Beamforming is a technique that can focus the transmitted signal in a specific direction, thereby making the received power higher than the received power of an omni-directional transmission. Compared with omni-directional transmission, the additional power received using the beamforming mode is called the beamforming gain. Flexible beamforming is related to the ability to balance between the beamforming gain and the beam shape. For example, the BS transmit (TX) beam can be designed as narrow as possible to cover a small area around the UE, thereby providing the maximum possible gain. As another example, the BS TX beam can be designed wider to cover a larger area around the UE, but at the cost of a reduced beamforming gain. The wider beam can be considered more robust to UE movement, measurement errors, hardware impairments, and other defects. For a Uniform Linear Array (ULA) antenna, a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) matrix can be used to perform beamforming in a manner that maximizes the beamforming gain, where each column in the DFT matrix is a beamformer that steers the signal to a certain angle or area. In DFT beamforming, for any column selected as a beamformer, the phase difference between any two adjacent antenna elements is constant and is an integer multiple of, where M is the number of antennas in the array. For a Uniform Planar Array (UPA), a 2D DFT matrix can be used to perform DFT beam scanning in the azimuth and elevation directions. It is worth noting that this can be extended to an extended DFT matrix, where the phase difference is not an integer multiple of. On the other hand, the parameters of a chirp beam can broaden the beam. Chirp beams can be used to balance between the beam width and the beamforming gain.

[0003] The uplink (UL) and downlink (DL) beams (i.e., the TX beam and receive (RX) beam of the UE, or the RX beam and TX beam of the BS) may also vary depending on requirements. For example, for relatively robust communication, one beam used may be wider than other beams. Another example is that the beam carrying reference signals directed to more than one UE may be wider than the beam used for a single UE to cover these UEs. Yet another example is that high rate requirements may require the beam to be as narrow as possible. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0004] A power control system and method are provided that incorporate the impact of beamforming gain offset into uplink power control. Beamforming gain offset occurs when the downlink reference beam is different from the uplink communication beam. A method is provided for estimating the beamforming gain offset of the UE and the BS and incorporating it into the power control formula. At least one parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the UE and / or the BS is transmitted between the UE and the BS. The UE transmits an uplink signal, and the BS receives the uplink signal, where the transmission power of the uplink signal is partially based on the at least one parameter. The parameter can be a direct indication of one or more of the offsets or other parameters that incorporate the impact of one or more of the offsets.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method in a network device is provided. The method includes: transmitting at least one parameter, where the at least one parameter is related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of a device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device; receiving an uplink signal, where the transmission power of the uplink signal is partially based on the at least one parameter.

[0006] Advantageously, more accurate power control can be achieved by incorporating the impact of the beamforming gain offset of the device and / or the network device. This can reduce the transmission power of the device, thereby optimizing power control and / or reducing interference.

[0007] In some embodiments, the method further includes: sending a power control command, where the power control command takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0008] Advantageously, existing power control command signaling can be used; the sent command takes into account the beamforming gain offset of the network device.

[0009] In some embodiments, the transmission includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the power control command also takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

[0010] Advantageously, existing power control command signaling can be used; the transmitted command takes into account the beamforming gain offsets of the network device and the UE. Existing power control formulas can be used.

[0011] In some embodiments, the transmission of at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; transmitting a second parameter related to the combined power offset, where the combined power offset combines the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0012] In some embodiments, the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0013] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS,UE};

[0014] Where:

[0015] P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0016] P o is the target received power;

[0017] μ is a set of parameters;

[0018] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0019] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0020] PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0021] Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the change of the modulation and coding scheme (MCS);

[0022] f TPCIndicated in the power control command in the downlink control information (DCI);

[0023] Δ BS,UE is the combined power offset.

[0024] In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; transmitting a second parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0025] In some embodiments, the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0026] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS + Δ UE};

[0027] Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0028] P o is the target received power;

[0029] μ is a parameter set;

[0030] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0031] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0032] PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0033] Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change;

[0034] f TPC Indicated in the power control command in the DCI;

[0035] Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device;

[0036] Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

[0037] In some embodiments, the transmitting of at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: sending a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0038] In some embodiments, the power control command indicates an f TPC value based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, and the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0039] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC};

[0040] Where:

[0041] P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0042] P o is the target receiving power;

[0043] μ is a parameter set;

[0044] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0045] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0046] PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0047] Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change.

[0048] In some embodiments, the transmitting of at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: sending a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0049] In some embodiments, the power control command indicates an f TPCThe value, where the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0050] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ UE};

[0051] Where:

[0052] P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0053] P o is the target received power;

[0054] μ is a set of parameters;

[0055] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0056] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0057] PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0058] Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change;

[0059] Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

[0060] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the network device estimates the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; the transmission of at least one parameter includes: transmitting a parameter related to the combined power offset, where the combined power offset combines the estimated beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0061] In some embodiments, the method further includes: the network device estimates the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; the transmission of at least one parameter includes: transmitting a power control command based on the estimated beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0062] According to another aspect of the present invention, a network device is provided. The network device includes: a processor and a memory, wherein the network device is configured to perform the methods described herein.

[0063] According to another aspect of the present invention, a method in a device is provided. The method includes: transmitting at least one parameter, wherein the at least one parameter is related to a beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, or related to a beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of a network device, or related to both a beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and a beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device; transmitting an uplink signal, wherein the transmission power of the uplink signal is partially based on the at least one parameter.

[0064] In some embodiments, the method further includes: receiving a power control command, wherein the power control command takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0065] In some embodiments, the transmitting includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the power control command also takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

[0066] In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; receiving a second parameter related to a combined power offset, wherein the combined power offset combines the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0067] In some embodiments, the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0068] P tx =min{P cmax ,P0+10log 10 (2 μ M)+α·PL+Δ tf +f TPC +Δ BS,UE};

[0069] Wherein:

[0070] P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0071] Po is the target received power;

[0072] μ is a set of parameters;

[0073] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0074] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0075] PL is the path loss measured based on the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0076] Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change;

[0077] f TPC is indicated in the power control command in the DCI;

[0078] Δ BS,UE is the combined power offset.

[0079] In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; receiving a second parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0080] In some embodiments, the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0081] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS + Δ UE};

[0082] Where:

[0083] P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0084] P o is the target received power;

[0085] μ is a set of parameters;

[0086] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0087] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0088] PL is the path loss measured based on the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0089] Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change;

[0090] f TPC is indicated in the power control command in the DCI;

[0091] Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device;

[0092] Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

[0093] In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: receiving a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0094] In some embodiments, the power control command indicates f TPC value based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, and the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0095] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC};

[0096] Where:

[0097] P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0098] P o is the target receiving power;

[0099] μ is a parameter set;

[0100] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0101] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0102] PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0103] Δtf It is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change.

[0104] In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: receiving a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0105] In some embodiments, the power control command indicates an f TPC value based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, and the transmission power satisfies the following formula:

[0106] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ UE};

[0107] Where:

[0108] P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device;

[0109] P o is the target receiving power;

[0110] μ is a parameter set;

[0111] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0112] α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0113] PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam;

[0114] Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change;

[0115] Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

[0116] In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one parameter includes: receiving a parameter related to the combined power offset, where the combined power offset combines the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device for the device and the estimation of the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0117] In some embodiments, the transmitting at least one parameter includes: receiving a power control command based on an estimate of the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device by the network device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

[0118] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a device. The device includes: a processor and a memory, wherein the device is configured to execute the methods described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0119] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0120] Figure 1 is a block diagram of a communication system;

[0121] Figure 2 is a block diagram of a communication system;

[0122] Figure 3 is a block diagram of a communication system showing the basic component structure of an electronic device (ED) and a base station;

[0123] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a module that can be used to implement or execute one or more steps of the steps of the embodiments of the present application;

[0124] Figure 5 is a signal flow diagram of a first method of communicating using a power control method that incorporates the effect of beamforming gain offset;

[0125] Figure 6 is a signal flow diagram of a second method of communicating using a power control method that incorporates the effect of beamforming gain offset;

[0126] Figure 7 is a signal flow diagram of a third method of communicating using a power control method that incorporates the effect of beamforming gain offset;

[0127] Figure 8 is a signal flow diagram of a fourth method of communicating using a power control method that incorporates the effect of beamforming gain offset;

[0128] Figure 9 is a signal flow diagram of a fifth method of communicating using a power control method that incorporates the effect of beamforming gain offset;

[0129] Figure 10It is a signal flow diagram of the sixth method for communication using a power control method that incorporates the influence of beamforming gain offset;

[0130] Figure 11 and Figure 12 are flowcharts of various methods for communication using a power control method that incorporates the influence of beamforming gain offset. Detailed implementation

[0131] It should be noted that beamforming can be performed at the BS side and the UE side. When determining the TX power, the beamforming gains of the BS and the UE must be considered. Under flexible beamforming, the beamforming gains of the BS and the UE can be quickly changed to reflect the optimal transmission direction or coverage.

[0132] The UE UL TX power needs to be controlled because the battery power equipped by the UE itself is limited. The battery power is a relatively precious resource of the UE and should be used reasonably. In addition, too high or too low UE UL transmission power will cause some adverse consequences. For example, if the UE UL transmission power is too low, the BS received power may be lower than expected. This may lead to a high block error rate (BLER), resulting in poor communication quality. Another example is that if the UE UL transmission power is too high, the BS received power may be higher than expected. This will have three consequences. First, more UE battery power is wasted. Second, the higher UE transmission power may cause more serious interference to adjacent cells. Finally, the desired transmission power of the UE may exceed the transmission power range that the UE can generate.

[0133] In 3GPP 36.213, if the UE configures with a parameter set index of j and a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) power control adjustment state index of l, and transmits the PUSCH on the active UL bandwidth part (BWP) b of the carrier f in the serving cell c, then the UE determines the PUSCH transmission power P PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q d ,l) as:

[0134]

[0135] where

[0136] -P CMAX,f,c (i) is the maximum output power configured for the UE of the carrier f in the serving cell c within the PUSCH transmission occasion i.

[0137] -P O_PUSCH,b,f,c(j) is the nominal UE transmission power, which represents the transmission power when allocating a single resource block with a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz and a path loss of 0 dB on the active UL BWP b of the carrier f in the serving cell c.

[0138] - is the bandwidth of the PUSCH resource allocation, expressed as the number of resource blocks within the PUSCH transmission occasion i on the active UL BWP b of the carrier f in the serving cell c, and μ is the SCS configuration.

[0139] -PL b,f,c (q d ) is the UE using the reference signal (RS) index q d for the active DL BWP of the carrier f in the serving cell c, the estimated downlink path loss calculated in dB.

[0140] -Δ TF,b,f,c (i) is the UE power adjustment based on the MCS change for each carrier f and each UL BWP b of the serving cell c.

[0141] -f b,f,c (i,l) is the PUSCH power control adjustment status of the active UL BWP b of the carrier f in the serving cell c within the PUSCH transmission occasion i.

[0142] It should be noted that

[0143] (1)PL b,f,c (q d ) is measured according to the BS TX beam used to transmit the path loss reference signal (referred to as PathlossReferenceRS) and the UE RX beam used to measure the PathlossReferenceRS. It includes the beamforming gain of these two beams. PathlossReferenceRS can be a synchronization signal block (SSB) or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0144] (2) If the selected MCS changes, then Δ TF,b,f,c (i) will also change.

[0145] (3)f b,f,c (i,l) is the feedback brought by the BS transmit power control (TPC) command in the DCI.

[0146] It can be seen that when calculating the uplink transmission power P of the UE PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q d ,l), the beamforming gain of the DL reference beam is considered. However, under flexible UE / BS beamforming, the uplink communication beams (i.e., the UE TX beam and the BS RX beam) may not necessarily be the same as the downlink reference beams (i.e., the BS TX beam and the UE RX beam). Therefore, if the UE TX beam is different from the UE RX beam used to measure PathlossReferenceRS, and / or if the BS RX beam is different from the BS TX beam used to transmit PathlossReferenceRS, the calculated P PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q d ,l) may not necessarily be appropriate.

[0147] The following uses four scenarios to illustrate the situation where the calculated P PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q d ,l) does not consider the actual beamforming gain of the uplink communication beam.

[0148] Scenario 1: The UE TX beamwidth is smaller than the UE RX beamwidth, and the beamforming gain is large. If the current 3GPP standard framework is used to calculate P PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q d ,l) as the UE uplink transmission power, the BS RX power will be higher than expected because the UE assumes that the PL value is greater than the actual value. This may lead to waste of the UE battery power, power leakage to adjacent channels, and more interference to adjacent cells.

[0149] Scenario 2: The UE TX beamwidth is smaller than the UE RX beamwidth, and the beamforming gain is small. If the current 3GPP standard framework is used to calculate P PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q d ,l) as the UE uplink transmission power, the BS RX power will be lower than expected because the UE underestimates the UL PL. This may lead to a higher BLER and poorer communication quality, which in turn may lead to an increase in negative acknowledgement (NAK) signaling and retransmissions.

[0150] Scenario 3: The BS RX beamwidth is smaller than the BS TX beamwidth, and the beamforming gain is large. If the current 3GPP standard framework is used to calculate P PUSCH,b,f,c (i,j,q d, l) As the UE uplink transmission power, the BS RX power will be higher than expected, which will have the same adverse effects as in Scenario 1. The BS may send power adjustment in f b,f,c (i, l) to perform offset adjustment through DCI or radio resource control (RRC) signaling. However, the flexibility is limited. There are two bits in the DCI field for the UE to adjust its power, while the RRC signaling is usually slow and can only be used to cope with the beam width adjustment of the SSB beam.

[0151] Scenario 4: The BS RX beam width is smaller than the BS TX beam width, and the beamforming gain is small. If the current 3GPP standard framework is used to calculate P PUSCH,b,f,c (i, j, q d , l) as the UE uplink transmission power, the BS RX power will be lower than expected, and the result is the same as in Scenario 2. The BS may send power adjustment in f b,f,c (i, l). However, the flexibility is limited. There are two bits in the field for the UE to adjust its power, and the RRC is slow in this regard.

[0152] In some methods, the UE UL power control takes into account the beamforming gain associated with the beam used for transmitting and receiving DL reference signals. When the UL communication beam (transmitting beam and receiving beam) is different from the DL reference beam in terms of beam shape and / or beam direction, the beamforming gain in UL communication will be different from the beamforming gain of the DL reference signal. There is an offset between the beamforming gains of the communication beam of the BS and / or UE and the DL reference beam, and these power control methods do not consider this beamforming gain offset.

[0153] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 1Non-limiting illustrative examples provide a simplified schematic diagram of a communication system. Communication system 100 includes a radio access network 120. The radio access network 120 can be a next-generation (e.g., sixth generation (6G) or higher) radio access network or a traditional (e.g., 5G, 4G, 3G, or 2G) radio access network. One or more communication electronic devices (EDs) 110a to 120j (generally referred to as 110) can be interconnected with each other or connected to one or more network nodes (170a and 170b, generally referred to as 170) in the radio access network 120. The core network 130 can be part of the communication system and can depend on or be independent of the radio access technology used in the communication system 100. In addition, the communication system 100 includes a public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160.

[0154] Figure 2 An exemplary communication system 100 is shown. Generally speaking, the communication system 100 enables multiple wireless or wired units to transmit data and other content. The purpose of the communication system 100 can be to provide content such as voice, data, video, and / or text through broadcasting, multicasting, and unicasting, etc. The communication system 100 can operate by sharing resources such as carrier spectral bandwidth among its constituent units. The communication system 100 can include a terrestrial communication system and / or a non-terrestrial communication system. The communication system 100 can provide a variety of communication services and applications (e.g., earth monitoring, remote sensing, passive sensing and positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.). The communication system 100 can provide a high degree of availability and robustness through the joint operation of the terrestrial communication system and the non-terrestrial communication system. For example, integrating a non-terrestrial communication system (or its components) into a terrestrial communication system can result in a heterogeneous network including multiple layers. Compared with traditional communication networks, the heterogeneous network can achieve better overall performance through efficient multi-link joint operation, more flexible function sharing, and faster physical layer link switching between the terrestrial network and the non-terrestrial network.

[0155] A terrestrial communication system and a non-terrestrial communication system can be subsystems within a communication system. In the illustrated example, communication system 100 includes electronic devices (ED) 110a to 110d (generally referred to as ED 110), radio access networks (RAN) 120a and 120b, non-terrestrial communication network 120c, core network 130, public switched telephone network (PSTN) 140, Internet 150, and other networks 160. RAN 120a and 120b include respective base stations (BS) 170a and 170b, and BS 170a and 170b can generally be referred to as terrestrial transmit and receive points (T-TRP) 170a and 170b. Non-terrestrial communication network 120c includes access node 120c, and access node 120c can generally be referred to as non-terrestrial transmit and receive point (NT-TRP) 172.

[0156] Any ED 110 can alternatively or additionally be used to connect to, access, or communicate with any other T-TRP 170a and 170b, NT-TRP 172, Internet 150, core network 130, PSTN 140, other networks 160, or any combination of the foregoing. In some examples, ED 110a can perform uplink transmission and / or downlink transmission with T-TRP 170a via air interface 190a. In some examples, ED 110a, 110b, and 110d can also communicate directly with each other via one or more sidelink air interfaces 190b. In some examples, ED 110d can perform uplink transmission and / or downlink transmission with NT-TRP 172 via air interface 190c.

[0157] The air interfaces 190a and 190b can use similar communication technologies. For example, any suitable radio access technology. For example, the communication system 100 can implement one or more channel access methods in the air interfaces 190a and 190b, such as code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA). The air interfaces 190a and 190b can utilize other high-dimensional signal spaces, which can include a combination of orthogonal dimensions and / or non-orthogonal dimensions.

[0158] The air interface 190c can implement communication between the ED 110d and one or more NT-TRPs 172 through a wireless link or a simple link. In some examples, the link is a dedicated connection for unicast transmission, a connection for broadcast transmission, or a connection between a group of EDs and one or more NT-TRPs for multicast transmission.

[0159] RANs 120a and 120b communicate with the core network 130 to provide various services to the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c, such as voice, data, and other services. The RANs 120a and 120b and / or the core network 130 may communicate directly or indirectly with one or more other RANs (not shown), which may or may not be directly served by the core network 130 and may or may not employ the same radio access technology as the RAN 120a, the RAN 120b, or both. The core network 130 may also serve as a gateway access between (i) the RANs 120a and 120b or the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c or both and (ii) other networks, such as the PSTN 140, the Internet 150, and other networks 160. Additionally, some or all of the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may include functionality for communicating with different wireless networks over different wireless links using different wireless technologies and / or protocols. Instead of (or in addition to) wireless communication, the EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may communicate with a service provider or a switch (not shown) and with the Internet 150 over a wired communication channel. The PSTN 140 may include a circuit-switched telephone network for providing plain old telephone service (POTS). The Internet 150 may include computer networks and / or subnets (intranets) and includes protocols such as the Internet Protocol (IP), the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), and the User Datagram Protocol (UDP). The EDs 110a, 110b, and 110c may be multimode devices capable of operating according to multiple radio access technologies and may include multiple transceivers required to support such operation.

[0160] Figure 3Shows another example of ED 110 and base stations 170a, 170b, and / or 170c. ED 110 is used to connect people, objects, machines, etc. ED 110 can be widely used in various scenarios, such as cellular communication, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle to everything (V2X), peer-to-peer, machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-type communication (MTC), internet of things (IOT), virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, drones, robots, remote sensing, passive sensing, positioning, navigation and tracking, autonomous delivery and mobility, etc.

[0161] Each ED 110 represents any suitable end-user device for wireless operation and can include the following devices (or can be referred to as): user equipment / device (UE), wireless transmit / receive unit (WTRU), mobile station, fixed or mobile subscriber unit, cellular phone, station (STA), machine type communication (MTC) device, personal digital assistant (PDA), smartphone, laptop, computer, tablet, wireless sensor, consumer electronic device, smartbook, vehicle, car, truck, bus, train, or IoT device, industrial device, or a device in the above devices (e.g., communication module, modem, or chip), etc. The next-generation ED 110 can be referred to using other terms. Base stations 170a and 170b are T-TRPs, hereinafter referred to as T-TRP 170. Similarly, as Figure 3 shown, the NT-TRP is hereinafter referred to as NT-TRP 172. Each ED 110 connected to T-TRP 170 and / or NT-TRP 172 can be dynamically or semi-statically initiated (i.e., established, activated, or enabled), closed (i.e., released, deactivated, or disabled), and / or configured in response to one or more of connection availability and connection necessity.

[0162] ED 110 includes a transmitter 201 and a receiver 203 coupled to one or more antennas 204. Only one antenna 204 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be a panel. The transmitter 201 and the receiver 203 may be integrated, for example, integrated as a transceiver. The transceiver is used to modulate data or other content for transmission via at least one antenna 204 or a network interface controller (NIC). The transceiver is also used to demodulate data or other content received via at least one antenna 204. Each transceiver includes any suitable structure for generating signals for wireless or wired transmission and / or for processing signals received wirelessly or wiredly. Each antenna 204 includes any suitable structure for transmitting and / or receiving wireless or wired signals.

[0163] ED 110 includes at least one memory 208. The memory 208 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by ED 110. For example, the memory 208 may store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by one or more processing units 210. Each memory 208 includes any suitable one or more volatile and / or non-volatile storage and retrieval devices. Any suitable type of memory may be used, for example, random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, optical disk, subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory stick, secure digital (SD) card, processor cache, etc.

[0164] ED 110 may also include one or more input / output devices (not shown) or interfaces (e.g., a wired interface connected to Figure 1 the Internet 150 in). The input / output devices support interaction with users or other devices in the network. Each input / output device includes any suitable structure for providing information to the user or receiving information from the user, such as a speaker, microphone, keypad, keyboard, display, or touch screen, including network interface communication.

[0165] The ED 110 further includes a processor 210 for performing operations related to uplink transmissions to be sent to the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170, operations related to processing downlink transmissions received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170, and operations related to processing sidelink transmissions sent to and received from other EDs 110. The processing operations related to preparing for uplink transmissions may include operations such as encoding, modulation, transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing downlink transmissions may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulation, and decoding received symbols. According to an embodiment, the downlink transmission may be received by the receiver 203 using receive beamforming, and the processor 210 may extract signaling from the downlink transmission (e.g., by detecting and / or decoding the signaling). An example of the signaling may be a reference signal sent by the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming according to a beam direction indication received from the T-TRP 170 (e.g., beam angle information (BAI)). In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as operations related to detecting synchronization sequences, decoding, and acquiring system information. In some embodiments, the processor 210 may perform channel estimation using, for example, reference signals received from the NT-TRP 172 and / or the T-TRP 170.

[0166] The processor 210 may be part of the transmitter 201 and / or part of the receiver 203, but is not shown. The memory 208 may be part of the processor 210, but is not shown.

[0167] The processor 210, the processing components in the transmitter 201, and the processing components in the receiver 203 may be implemented by the same or different one or more processors respectively, which are used to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 208). Alternatively, some or all of the processor 210, the processing components in the transmitter 201, and the processing components in the receiver 203 may be implemented using dedicated circuits such as a programmed field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a graphical processing unit (GPU), or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0168] In some implementations, T-TRP 170 may be represented by other names. For example, base station, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, network node, network device, network-side device, transmitting / receiving node, NodeB, evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), home eNodeB, next-generation NodeB (gNB), transmission point (TP), site controller, access point (AP) or wireless router, relay station, ground node, ground network device, or ground base station, baseband unit (BBU), remote radio unit (RRU), active antenna unit (AAU), remote radio head (RRH), central unit (CU), distribute unit (DU), positioning node, and so on. T-TRP 170 may be a macro BS, pico BS, relay node, donor node, etc. or a combination thereof. T-TRP 170 may refer to the above devices or the devices in the above (e.g., communication module, modem or chip).

[0169] In some embodiments, the various parts of T-TRP 170 may be distributed. For example, some modules in T-TRP 170 may be remote from the device housing the antenna of T-TRP 170 and may be coupled to the device housing the antenna through a communication link (not shown) sometimes referred to as fronthaul (e.g., common public radio interface (CPRI)). Thus, in some embodiments, the term "T-TRP 170" may also refer to network-side modules that perform the following processing operations: for example, determining the location of ED 110, resource allocation (scheduling), message generation and encoding / decoding, and these modules are not necessarily part of the device housing the antenna of T-TRP 170. These modules may also be coupled to other T-TRPs. In some embodiments, T-TRP 170 may actually be multiple T-TRPs operating together to serve ED 110 through coordinated multi-point transmission and the like.

[0170] The T-TRP 170 includes at least one transmitter 252 and at least one receiver 254 coupled to one or more antennas 256. Only one antenna 256 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 252 and the receiver 254 may be integrated as a transceiver. The T-TRP 170 also includes a processor 260 for performing operations related to: preparing a downlink transmission to be sent to the ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from the ED 110, preparing a backhaul transmission to be sent to the NT-TRP 172, and processing a transmission received from the NT-TRP 172 via the backhaul. The processing operations related to preparing a downlink transmission or a backhaul transmission may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing a received transmission in the uplink or on the backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating, and decoding received symbols. The processor 260 may also perform operations related to network access (e.g., initial access) and / or downlink synchronization, such as generating the content of a synchronization signal block (SSB), generating system information, and so on. In some embodiments, the processor 260 also generates beam direction indications that the scheduler 253 may schedule for transmission, such as BAI. The processor 260 performs other network-side processing operations described herein, such as determining the location of the ED 110, determining the location where the NT-TRP 172 is deployed, and so on. In some embodiments, the processor 260 may generate signaling to configure one or more parameters of the ED 110 and / or one or more parameters of the NT-TRP 172, and so on. Any signaling generated by the processor 260 is sent by the transmitter 252. Note that the "signaling" used herein may alternatively be referred to as control signaling. Dynamic signaling may be sent in a control channel such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), while static or semi-static high-layer signaling may be included in a data packet that is sent in a data channel such as a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH).

[0171] The scheduler 253 can be coupled to the processor 260. The scheduler 253 can be included within the T-TRP 170 or can operate separately from the T-TRP 170. The scheduler 253 can schedule uplink transmissions, downlink transmissions, and / or backhaul transmissions, including issuing scheduling grants and / or configuring grant-free (“configured grant”) resources. The T-TRP 170 also includes a memory 258 for storing information and data. The memory 258 stores instructions and data used, generated, or collected by the T-TRP 170. For example, the memory 258 can store software instructions or modules for implementing some or all of the functions and / or embodiments described herein and executed by the processor 260.

[0172] The processor 260 can be part of the transmitter 252 and / or part of the receiver 254, but is not shown. Additionally, the processor 260 can implement the scheduler 253, but is not shown. The memory 258 can be part of the processor 260, but is not shown.

[0173] The processing components in the processor 260, the scheduler 253, the transmitter 252, and the receiver 254 can be implemented by the same or different one or more processors, respectively, for executing the instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 258). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components in the processor 260, the scheduler 253, the transmitter 252, and the receiver 254 can be implemented using dedicated circuits such as FPGAs, GPUs, or ASICs.

[0174] Although NT-TRP 172 is only exemplified as a drone, NT-TRP 172 can be implemented using any suitable non-ground form. Additionally, NT-TRP 172 may be referred to by other names such as non-ground node, non-ground network device, or non-ground base station in some implementations. NT-TRP 172 includes a transmitter 272 and a receiver 274 coupled to one or more antennas 280. Only one antenna 280 is shown. One, some, or all of the antennas may alternatively be panels. The transmitter 272 and the receiver 274 may be integrated as a transceiver. NT-TRP 172 also includes a processor 276 for performing operations related to: preparing a downlink transmission to be sent to ED 110, processing an uplink transmission received from ED 110, preparing a backhaul transmission to be sent to T-TRP 170, and processing a transmission received from T-TRP 170 via the backhaul. The processing operations related to preparing a downlink or backhaul transmission for sending may include operations such as encoding, modulation, precoding (e.g., MIMO precoding), transmit beamforming, and generating symbols for transmission. The processing operations related to processing a received transmission on the uplink or backhaul may include operations such as receive beamforming, demodulating, and decoding received symbols. In some embodiments, the processor 276 implements transmit beamforming and / or receive beamforming based on beam direction information (e.g., BAI) received from T-TRP 170. In some embodiments, the processor 276 may generate signaling to configure one or more parameters of ED 110, etc. In some embodiments, NT-TRP 172 implements physical layer processing but does not implement high-layer functions, e.g., functions in the medium access control (MAC) layer or radio link control (RLC) layer. Since this is just an example, in addition to physical layer processing, NT-TRP 172 may generally also implement high-layer functions.

[0175] NT-TRP 172 further includes a memory 278 for storing information and data. The processor 276 may be part of the transmitter 272 and / or part of the receiver 274, but is not shown. The memory 278 may be part of the processor 276, but is not shown.

[0176] The processing components in the processor 276, the transmitter 272, and the receiver 274 can be implemented by the same or different one or more processors respectively, which are used to execute instructions stored in a memory (e.g., the memory 278). Alternatively, some or all of the processing components in the processor 276, the transmitter 272, and the receiver 274 can be implemented using dedicated circuits such as programmed FPGAs, GPUs, or ASICs. In some embodiments, the NT-TRP 172 can actually be multiple NT-TRPs that run together to serve the ED 110 through coordinated multi-point transmission or the like.

[0177] The T-TRP 170, the NT-TRP 172, and / or the ED 110 may include other components, but these components are omitted for clarity.

[0178] One or more steps of the exemplary methods provided herein can be performed by Figure 4 the corresponding units or modules provided. Figure 4 Units or modules in a device (e.g., in the ED 110, the T-TRP 170, or the NT-TRP 172) are shown. For example, a signal can be sent by a transmitting unit or a transmitting module. For example, a signal can be sent by a transmitting unit or a transmitting module. A signal can be received by a receiving unit or a receiving module. A signal can be processed by a processing unit or a processing module. Other steps can be performed by an artificial intelligence (AI) module or a machine learning (ML) module. The corresponding units or modules can be implemented using hardware, one or more components or devices that execute software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more of these units or modules can be integrated circuits such as programmed FPGAs, GPUs, or ASICs. It should be understood that if these modules are implemented using software for a processor or the like to execute, these modules can be retrieved in whole or in part by the processor as needed, retrieved individually or collectively for processing, retrieved in one or more instances, and these modules themselves can include instructions for further deployment and instantiation.

[0179] Other details regarding the ED 110, the T-TRP 170, and the NT-TRP 172 are known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, these details are omitted here.

[0180] Embodiments of the present application that incorporate the impact of beamforming gain offset into uplink power control are described below. In some embodiments, the above Figures 1 to 4 UE / device or BS / network device is used to implement one or more of the described methods.

[0181] For simplicity, the symbols in parentheses and some subscripts of the parameters are removed, and the expression of power control is simplified as follows.

[0182] P tx =min{P cmax ,P0+10log 10 (2 μ M)+α·PL+Δ tf +f TPC};

[0183] Where:

[0184] P cmax is the maximum output power configured for the UE;

[0185] P o is the target received power;

[0186] μ is the numerology;

[0187] M is the number of resource blocks;

[0188] α is the path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1;

[0189] PL is the path loss measured according to the UE receive beam and the BS transmit beam;

[0190] Δ tf is the UE power adjustment based on the MCS change;

[0191] f TPC is indicated in the power control command in the DCI.

[0192] According to the embodiments of the present application, the case where the DL reference beam is different from the UL communication beam is considered. A method for estimating Δ BS and Δ UE and incorporating these two items into the power control formula is provided, where:

[0193] Δ BS is the estimated beamforming gain offset between the BS RX beam for communication and the BS TX beam for transmitting the reference signal;

[0194] Δ UE is the estimated beamforming gain offset between the UE TX beam for communication and the UE RX beam for receiving the reference signal;

[0195] Δ BS,UE is the item incorporating Δ BS and Δ UE ;

[0196] f TPCIt is indicated in the power control command in DCI that in different embodiments, Δ can be incorporated. BS and Δ UE One or both of them can be incorporated, or Δ BS and Δ UE may not be incorporated.

[0197] The beamforming gain offset of the UE (i.e., Δ UE ) is the beamforming gain of the UL beam minus the beamforming gain of the DL beam. Sometimes (possibly in most cases), it is not necessary to calculate the absolute value of the beamforming gain because what people are interested in is only the difference. For example, when the UE UL beam points in the same direction as the UE DL beam, but its beam width is only half of that of the UE DL beam, due to this beam width adaptation, it can be directly known that the beamforming gain offset is 3 dB without calculating / estimating the beamforming gains of the two beams and performing subtraction. Therefore, the beamforming gain offset of the UE can generally be obtained by understanding the relative characteristics of the UL beam and the DL beam. Similarly, the beamforming gain offset of the BS can generally also be obtained by understanding the relative characteristics of the UL beam and the DL beam.

[0198] For example, when the UE transmits data and / or control information (PUSCH, physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)) in the UL direction, the provided method can be used. When the BS and / or the UE can perform analog beamforming, the provided method makes sense, and when the DL reference beam is different from the UL communication beam, the provided method can play an important role.

[0199] The following embodiments are applicable to different scenarios in which the BS and the UE can perform transmission considering the beamforming gain mismatch between DL estimation and UL communication. This transmission may be related to one or more parameters including Δ BS , Δ UE , Δ BS,UE or f TPC . The UE can use one or more of these parameters according to the indication to update its UL power.

[0200] In any of the following embodiments.

[0201] (1) The UE can use the terms Δ BS , Δ BS,UE or f TPC given by the BS. In other scenarios, the UE can set default values for one or more of these values.

[0202] (2) The BS can estimate the term Δ based on the beamforming gain difference between the UL RX beam and the DL TX beam and some uncertainties. BS .

[0203] (3) The UE can estimate the term Δ based on the beamforming gain difference between the UL TX beam and the DL RX beam and some uncertainties. UE .

[0204] (4) The reason for adding uncertainties is that sometimes, due to various reasons, calculating the accurate beamforming gain difference may be too complex.

[0205] (5) The uncertainties that can change the beamforming gain difference can include but are not limited to position uncertainty, velocity uncertainty, rate uncertainty, angle uncertainty, and azimuth uncertainty.

[0206] In the first embodiment, the BS has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ BS , where Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the BS RX beam gain and the BS TX beam gain, with certain uncertainties. The UE has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ UE , where Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the UE TX beam gain and the UE RX beam gain, with certain uncertainties.

[0207] An example of the power control process in this embodiment includes the UE estimating Δ UE and notifying the BS. Next, the BS estimates Δ BS and notifies the UE of the combined power offset Δ BS,UE , where Δ BS,UE combines the effects of Δ BS and Δ UE . In a specific example, Δ BS,UE = Δ BS + Δ UE . Next, the UE uses the updated formula P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS,UE} to determine the transmission power.

[0208] Figure 5A signal flow diagram showing the overall communication method including this power control process is presented, which depicts the signal exchange between BS 500 and UE 502. The method starts at 504: A PL reference signal is sent, where the signal is transmitted through BS TX beam 520 (B Tx-BS ) and measured through UE RX beam 522 (B Rx-UE ). The PL is measured based on these two beams. After beam optimization 506 and some other operations, the UE and the BS respectively determine the UE TX beam 526 (B Tx-UE ) and the BS RX beam 524 (B Rx-BS ) for UL communication. These two UL communication beams may be different from the beams 520, 522 used for PL measurement. The BS estimates the BS-side power offset Δ BS at 508, and the UE estimates the UE-side power offset Δ UE at 510. The UE reports the UE-side power offset Δ UE to the BS at 512, and the BS reports the combined BS and UE power offset Δ BS,UE to the UE at 514, thus completing the part related to power control in the whole method. 516, 518 show other steps related to communication, including: sending a UL grant at 516 (through the physical downlink control channel), and subsequently sending a PUSCH with its power adjusted by Δ BS,UE . More specifically, after receiving the UL grant, the UE determines its UL TX power according to the provided formula incorporating the term Δ BS,UE .

[0209] It should be noted that for the present embodiment and other embodiments described herein, the carriers for transmitting Δ BS , Δ UE or Δ BS,UE can be DCI (which may involve relatively increased overhead), MAC-CE or RRC link communication. The frequency for updating Δ BS , Δ UE or Δ BS,UE can be the same as the rate for updating the beamformer.

[0210] In the second embodiment, the BS also has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ BS , where Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the BS RX beam gain and the BS TX beam gain, with a certain degree of uncertainty. The UE also has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ UE , where Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the UE TX beam gain and the UE RX beam gain, with a certain degree of uncertainty.

[0211] An example of the power control process in this embodiment includes the BS estimating Δ BS and notifying the UE. The UE estimates Δ UE and notifies the BS. Next, the UE uses the updated formula P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS + Δ UE} to determine the transmission power.

[0212] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the UE can still notify the BS of Δ UE . The BS can use this information for interference management and resource allocation adjustment.

[0213] It should also be noted that the system can use only one of the two mechanisms used in this embodiment, indicating that there is only signaling associated with BS-side adjustment or signaling associated with UE-side adjustment, and not the other mechanism. For example, it can use only the signaling associated with Δ BS , or it can use only the signaling associated with Δ UE . Additionally, there may be a situation where the beam is flexible only at one end. Furthermore, in some cases, the influence may be considered by using a default value at one end, so that only half of the signaling is used.

[0214] Figure 6 FIG. shows a signal flow diagram of the overall communication method including this power control process, which also shows the signal exchange between the BS 500 and the UE 502. This process is the same as Figure 5 described therein, except that in this embodiment, the BS reports the BS-side power offset Δ BS at 600 instead of reporting the combined power offset; in this embodiment, power adjustment is performed by using the Δ BS received from the BS and the Δ UE determined by the UE, and a PUSCH is sent at 602 instead of sending a PUSCH whose power is adjusted by Δ BS,UE .

[0215] In the third embodiment, the BS also has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ BS , where Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the BS RX beam gain and the BS TX beam gain, with a certain degree of uncertainty. The UE also has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ UE , where Δ UEis the beamforming gain offset between the UE TX beam gain and the UE RX beam gain, with a certain degree of uncertainty.

[0216] An example of the power control process in this embodiment includes the UE estimating Δ UE and notifying the BS. The BS estimates Δ BS and incorporates the combined power offset Δ BS,UE into f TPC , and then sends it to the UE. Next, the UE uses P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC} to determine the transmission power.

[0217] In this embodiment, the term f TPC currently includes the impact of the combined power offset Δ BS,UE between the BS and the UE. In some embodiments, the term f TPC is allocated 2 bits, consistent with existing implementations. In other embodiments, the term f TPC is allocated more bits to provide a wider range of possible power offsets.

[0218] Figure 7 shows a signal flow diagram of the overall communication method including this power control process, which also shows the signal exchange between the BS 500 and the UE 502. Steps 504, 506, 508, 510, 512 are the same as those previously described in conjunction with Figure 5 . At 700, the BS reports the combined power control offset Δ TPC in f BS,UE . At 702, the BS sends a UL grant (PDCCH); at 704, it sends the PUSCH with the power adjusted by f TPC .

[0219] In the fourth embodiment, the BS also has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ BS , where Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the BS RX beam gain and the BS TX beam gain, with a certain degree of uncertainty. The UE also has the function (e.g., module) of estimating Δ UE , where Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the UE TX beam gain and the UE RX beam gain, with a certain degree of uncertainty.

[0220] An example of the power control process in this embodiment includes the UE estimating Δ UE and notifying the BS. The BS estimates ΔBS and incorporate it into f TPC , and then send it to the UE. Next, the UE uses P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ UE} to determine the transmission power.

[0221] In this embodiment, the term f TPC is used to consider the power offset of the BS, while at the UE side, the UE incorporates the term for the power offset of the UE. In some embodiments, the term f TPC is allocated 2 bits, which is consistent with the existing implementation. In other embodiments, the term f TPC is allocated more bits to provide a wider range of possible power offsets.

[0222] It should also be noted that, similar to the second embodiment above, the system can use only one of the two mechanisms used in this embodiment, indicating that there is only signaling associated with the BS-side adjustment or signaling associated with the UE-side adjustment, and there is no other mechanism.

[0223] Figure 8 shows a signal flow diagram of the overall communication method including this power control process, which also shows the signal exchange between the BS 500 and the UE 502. Steps 504, 506, 508, 510, 512 are the same as those described previously in conjunction with Figure 5 . At 800, the BS side reports the power control offset Δ TPC in f BS . At 802, the BS sends a UL grant (PDCCH); at 804, the transmitted power is adjusted by f TPC and Δ UE for the PUSCH.

[0224] In the fifth embodiment, the BS has two modules, one for estimating Δ BS as in the above embodiment, and the other for estimating Δ UE . The two operations can also be performed in one module. The whole process includes the BS estimating Δ BS and Δ UE , the BS sending the combined power offset Δ BS,UE to the UE, and the UE using P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + fTPC +Δ BS,UE}。The fifth embodiment is very similar to the first embodiment. The only difference is that Δ UE is estimated by the BS and not sent by the UE. Figure 9 A signal flow diagram showing the overall communication method including this power control process is shown, which shows the estimation of Δ BS and Δ UE by one or more modules 910. Other aspects are the same as Figure 5 the same.

[0225] This embodiment may be useful because UE beam control (e.g., beam width change) may come from the BS. In this case, the BS can estimate the beamforming gain offset at the UE side.

[0226] In the sixth embodiment, the BS also has two modules, one for estimating Δ BS , and the other for estimating Δ UE . The two operations can also be performed in a single module. The whole process includes the BS estimating Δ BS and Δ UE , the BS incorporating the combined power offset Δ BS,UE into f TPC , and the UE using P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC}}. The sixth embodiment is very similar to the third embodiment. The only difference is that Δ UE is estimated by the BS and not sent by the UE. Figure 10 A signal flow diagram showing the overall communication method including this power control process is shown, which also shows the estimation of Δ BS and Δ UE by one or more modules 910. Other aspects are the same as Figure 7 the same.

[0227] The described method is not limited to cellular / mobile communication. Instead, the same method can be applied to any system when UL and DL beams can be different. In other specific examples, satellite communication can employ different UL and DL beamformers.

[0228] Figure 11The flowchart of the method executed by a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The method starts from block 1100: The network device transmits at least one parameter, where the at least one parameter is related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the UE, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the UE and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device. Specific examples of such transmission include:

[0229] The network device receives Δ from the UE UE ;

[0230] The network device sends Δ BS for the UE to receive;

[0231] The network device receives Δ from the UE UE and the network device sends Δ BS for the UE to receive;

[0232] The network device sends Δ BS,UE for the UE to receive;

[0233] The network device receives Δ from the UE UE and the network device sends Δ BS,UE for the UE to receive;

[0234] The network device sends the value of f incorporating Δ BS for the UE to receive; TPC ;

[0235] The network device sends the value of f incorporating Δ BS,UE for the UE to receive. TPC ;

[0236] The method continues to execute block 110202: The network device receives an uplink signal, where the transmission power of the uplink signal is partially based on at least one parameter.

[0237] Figure 12 The flowchart of the method executed by a device (e.g., UE) provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown. The method starts from block 1200: The device transmits at least one parameter, where the at least one parameter is related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the user equipment (UE), or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the UE and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device; Specific examples of such transmission include:

[0238] The device sends Δ to the BS / network device UE ;

[0239] The device receives Δ from the BS / network device BS ;

[0240] The device sends Δ to the BS / network device UE , and the device receives Δ from the BS / network device BS ;

[0241] The device receives Δ from the BS / network device BS,UE ;

[0242] The device sends Δ to the BS / network device UE , and the device receives Δ from the BS / network device BS,UE ;

[0243] The device receives the value of f incorporating Δ BS ; TPC ;

[0244] The device receives the value of f incorporating Δ BS,UE ; TPC ;

[0245] The method proceeds to block 1202: The device transmits an uplink signal, where the transmission power of the uplink signal is based in part on at least one parameter.

[0246] For embodiments where Δ is sent to the device BS,UE , a first example of a power control formula that can be used with the embodiments of Figure 11 and Figure 12 is:

[0247] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS,UE}[[]]END]]

[0248] More generally, any power control formula of the following form can be applied to other embodiments:

[0249] P tx = min{P cmax , K1 + Δ BS,UE}[[]]END]]

[0250] where K1 is a term based on other parameters.

[0251] For embodiments where Δ is sent to the device BSFor the embodiments of, it can be combined with Figure 11 and Figure 12 A second example of the power control formula that can be used with the embodiments of is:

[0252] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS + Δ UE};

[0253] More generally, any power control formula of the following form can be applied to other embodiments:

[0254] P tx = min{P cmax , K1 + Δ BS};

[0255] where K1 is a term based on other parameters.

[0256] It can be combined with Figure 11 and Figure 12 A third example of the power control formula that can be used with the embodiments of is:

[0257] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC};

[0258] where f TPC incorporates the influence of Δ BS,UE .

[0259] A fourth example of the power control formula that can be used in the embodiments of and is: Figure 11 and Figure 12

[0260] P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ UE};

[0261] where f TPC incorporates the influence of Δ BS .

[0262] More generally, the transmission power based on the following power control formula can be used:

[0263] P tx = f(Δ UE );

[0264] where f is a certain function of Δ UE and other inputs.

[0265] In other examples, the transmission power based on the following power control formula can be used:

[0266] P tx = f(Δ BS,UE );

[0267] where f is a certain function of Δ BS,UE and other inputs.

[0268] In other examples, the transmission power based on the following power control formula can be used:

[0269] P tx = f(Δ BS , Δ UE );

[0270] where f is a certain function of Δ BS , Δ UE and other inputs.

[0271] Although many embodiments assume that the uplink transmission is PUSCH transmission, more generally, the same method applies to other uplink communication channels, such as PUCCH, sounding reference signal (SRS), and physical random access channel (PRACH).

[0272] According to the above guidance, the present invention can have many modifications and variations. Therefore, it can be understood that within the scope of the appended claims, the present invention can be implemented in ways other than those specifically described herein.

Claims

1. A method in a network device, characterized in that, Including: Transmitting at least one parameter, where the at least one parameter is related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device; Receiving an uplink signal, where the transmission power of the uplink signal is partially based on the at least one parameter.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: sending a power control command, where the power control command takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the power control command also takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The transmitting at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; sending a second parameter related to the combined power offset, where the combined power offset combines the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The transmission power satisfies the formula: P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS,UE}; Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the said device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change; f TPC Indicated in the power control command in the downlink control information DCI; Δ BS,UE is the combined power offset.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The transmitting at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; sending a second parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein The transmission power satisfies the formula: P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS + Δ UE}; Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the change of MCS; f TPC Indicated in the power control command in the DCI; Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device; Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein The transmitting at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: Sending a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The power control command indicates f based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device TPC value, and the transmission power satisfies the formula: P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α · PL + Δ tf + f TPC}; Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: receiving a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: sending a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein: The power control command indicates f based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device TPC value, and the transmission power satisfies the formula: P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ UE}; wherein: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the MCS change; Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: the network device estimating the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: sending a parameter related to a combined power offset, wherein the combined power offset combines the estimated beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: the network device estimating the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: sending a power control command based on the estimated beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

14. A network device, characterized in that, including: a processor and a memory, wherein the network device is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A method in a device, characterized in that, including: transmitting at least one parameter, wherein the at least one parameter is related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, or related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device; sending an uplink signal, wherein the transmission power of the uplink signal is partially based on the at least one parameter.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The method further includes: receiving a power control command, wherein the power control command takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, The transmitting includes: sending a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the power control command also takes into account the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein: The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; receiving a second parameter related to the combined power offset, where the combined power offset combines the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein The transmission power satisfies the formula: P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS,UE}; Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the change of MCS; f TPC Indicated in the power control command in the DCI; Δ BS,UE is the combined power offset.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device; receiving a second parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

21. The method according to claim 20, wherein The transmission power satisfies the formula: P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α · PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ BS + Δ UE}; Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the change of MCS; f TPC Indicated in the power control command in the DCI; Δ BS is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device; Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

22. The method according to claim 15, wherein The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: Receiving a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

23. The method according to claim 22, wherein The power control command indicates an f value based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, and the transmission power satisfies the formula: TPC The value, where the transmission power satisfies the formula: P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC}; Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the change of MCS.

24. The method according to claim 15, wherein The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: transmitting a first parameter related to the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device, and the method further includes: Receiving a power control command based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

25. The method according to claim 24, wherein The power control command indicates an f value based on the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device, and the transmission power satisfies the formula: TPC where P tx = min{P cmax , P0 + 10 log 10 (2 μ M) + α·PL + Δ tf + f TPC + Δ UE}; Where: P cmax is the maximum output power configured by the said device; P o is the target received power; μ is a set of parameters; M is the number of resource blocks; α is a path loss compensation factor between 0 and 1; PL is the path loss measured according to the device receiving beam and the BS transmitting beam; Δ tf is the device power adjustment based on the change of MCS; Δ UE is the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device.

26. The method according to claim 15, wherein The transmitting of at least one parameter includes: receiving a parameter related to the combined power offset, where the combined power offset combines the network device's estimation of the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

27. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, Said transmitting at least one parameter includes: receiving a power control command based on an estimation of the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the device by the network device and the beamforming gain offset between the uplink and downlink beamformers of the network device.

28. A device, characterized in that, Comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the device is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 15 to 28.

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