Ophthalmology laser operation auxiliary positioning method, storage medium and equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to an ophthalmology laser operation auxiliary positioning method, a storage medium and equipment, and relates to the technical field of ophthalmology laser operations. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring OCTA image data of blood vessels around the iris of a patient through optical coherence tomography angiography; processing the OCTA image data to identify blood vessel condition information; based on the blood vessel condition information, safe area coordinates avoiding the blood vessel position are generated; the safety zone coordinates are mapped to a surgical navigation system to guide implementation of a laser drilling operation. According to the technical scheme, OCTA imaging and processing are carried out on the blood vessels around the iris of the patient, the high-risk blood vessel position can be effectively recognized, and the safe punching area coordinates avoiding the blood vessels are generated based on the high-risk blood vessel position, so that the risk of complications such as bleeding in an operation is greatly reduced, and the operation efficiency is improved. And the safety of the closed-angle glaucoma laser peripheral iris resection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of ophthalmic laser surgery, and particularly to an ophthalmic laser surgery auxiliary positioning method, a storage medium, and a device. Background Art

[0002] As a common and harmful disease in ophthalmology, the pathogenesis of angle-closure glaucoma lies in the sudden narrowing or closure of the intraocular anterior chamber angle, resulting in the blockage of the aqueous humor outflow pathway, a sharp rise in intraocular pressure, and ultimately irreversible damage to the optic nerve. In the treatment strategy for early-stage angle-closure glaucoma, for patients with an anterior chamber angle adhesion range less than 180°, laser peripheral iridectomy has become an important treatment method due to its minimally invasive and efficient advantages. Laser peripheral iridectomy creates a small hole in the peripheral part of the iris to build a shortcut for aqueous humor flow between the posterior chamber and the anterior chamber, effectively relieving pupillary block and restoring the smooth flow of aqueous humor circulation, thereby reducing intraocular pressure and achieving the purpose of treating or preventing acute attacks of angle-closure glaucoma.

[0003] In current clinical practice, from the perspective of surgical operation, choosing the recessed areas in the upper and lower peripheral parts of the iris for laser drilling has significant clinical advantages. These two areas are relatively easy to expose anatomically, providing a good surgical field of view for doctors, facilitating precise control of the laser energy output and action direction, and greatly improving the accuracy and success rate of the drilling operation. Generally speaking, the surrounding tissue structure of the recess is relatively simple, without important blood vessels and nerve distributions, which can reduce the risk of accidental damage to other key structures during the operation and provide strong guarantee for the safety of the operation.

[0004] However, in the process of implementing this application, the inventor found in clinical practice that there are special anatomical variations in the peripheral part of the iris in some patients, and there may be blood vessels that are not visible to the naked eye in the recess. If laser drilling is carried out in the recess without discrimination, it is very likely to accidentally hit the blood vessels or burn the surrounding tissue of the blood vessels during the operation, thereby causing serious complications such as bleeding. Once bleeding occurs, the surgical field of view will be instantly interfered, making the original delicate operation extremely difficult. More seriously, bleeding will not only directly affect the smooth progress of the operation, but may also induce a series of postoperative adverse consequences, such as a recurrence of increased intraocular pressure, causing secondary damage to the already fragile optic nerve; blurred vision, affecting the recovery of the patient's postoperative visual quality; increased eye pain, bringing great pain to the patient; intensification of the inflammatory reaction, causing tissue adhesion, destroying the normal anatomical structure and physiological function of the eye, and seriously affecting the surgical effect and the postoperative rehabilitation process of the patient.

[0005] Based on the development of the biomedical engineering industry, in the field of ophthalmic examination technology, OCTA (optical coherence tomography angiography) as a cutting-edge non-invasive technology has shown unique application value. It uses the movement characteristics of red blood cells in the blood flow, scans the same part multiple times, and deeply analyzes the phase and intensity changes of the light signal between adjacent scans. Based on the principle of Doppler frequency shift, it accurately detects the movement information of red blood cells, and then clearly identifies the vascular structure and generates high-resolution vascular images. This technology can intuitively and comprehensively present the vascular morphology, distribution and blood flow conditions of the retina and optic nerve head, providing rich and accurate information for the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic diseases.

[0006] Although the existing technology has made some progress in the treatment of angle-closure glaucoma and related ophthalmic examinations, there is no relevant solution in the existing technology for the situation where there are large blood vessels in the crypt due to special anatomical variations during laser peripheral iridectomy. Given the outstanding advantages of OCTA in imaging blood vessels that are not visible to the naked eye, if it can be deeply integrated into the ophthalmic laser surgery process, a set of ophthalmic laser surgery auxiliary positioning methods, storage media and equipment can be developed to effectively deal with the above-mentioned problems and improve the safety of angle-closure glaucoma surgery, it will have important practical significance. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to overcome the problems existing in the related art to at least a certain extent, the embodiments of the present application provide an ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method, storage medium and device. In the application scenario of laser peripheral iridotomy, iris peripheral blood vessel detection is performed based on OCTA, and the safe drilling area is calibrated to facilitate the safe implementation of laser drilling operations, thereby improving the safety of angle-closure glaucoma surgery.

[0008] First aspect In some embodiments of the present application, an ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method is provided, and the ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method includes: Obtain OCTA image data of the patient's peripheral iris blood vessels through optical coherence tomography angiography; Processing the OCTA image data to identify vascular condition information; Based on the blood vessel condition information, generating safe area coordinates avoiding the blood vessel position; The safe area coordinates are mapped to a surgical navigation system to guide the implementation of the laser drilling operation.

[0009] In some possible implementations, the process of processing the OCTA image data includes: The existing blood vessel segmentation and quantification processing model is used to extract the blood vessel contour and calculate the blood vessel diameter; Mark blood vessels with a diameter exceeding the first preset value as high-risk blood vessels.

[0010] In some possible implementation manners, the process of generating the coordinates of the safe area for laser drilling to avoid the position of the blood vessel includes: Establish a columnar protection area with a radius of a second preset value centered on each of the high-risk blood vessels; Based on the columnar protection area, divide the peripheral part of the iris into a feasible area and a prohibited area, and determine the safe area based on the largest continuous feasible area.

[0011] In some possible implementation manners, in the process of dividing the peripheral part of the iris into a feasible area and a prohibited area based on the columnar protection area, it includes: Register the OCTA image data with the iris structure data of the patient previously obtained by anterior segment optical coherence tomography, construct an iris surface grid model with the laser incident direction as the normal vector, and each grid unit corresponds to the actual space coordinates; Project the columnar protection area onto the iris surface grid model. If the center point of the grid unit falls within the projection range of any columnar protection area, mark the grid unit as a prohibited area.

[0012] In some possible implementation manners, the specific determination of the safe area based on the largest continuous feasible area is: For the feasible area grids that are not marked as prohibited areas, use the breadth-first search algorithm to identify the largest connected subgraph therein, and determine the area corresponding to the largest connected subgraph as the safe area.

[0013] In some possible implementation manners, the second preset value is determined based on the following method: Establish a heat conduction model based on the energy parameters of the laser surgery device and the thermal characteristics of the iris tissue, and calculate the theoretical safety distance; Add a safety redundancy of 10%-30% to the theoretical safety distance to determine the second preset value.

[0014] In some possible implementation manners, the first preset value is 50μm.

[0015] In some possible implementation manners, it further includes the following intraoperative calibration steps: Real-time monitor the iris displacement amount through an infrared pupil tracking device. When the displacement amount is greater than a third preset value, trigger the real-time remapping of the safe area coordinates.

[0016] Second aspect Some embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which program code is stored. When the program code is executed by a processor, the method described in any implementation manner of the first aspect above is implemented.

[0017] The third aspect In some embodiments of the present application, an electronic device is provided, including: A memory storing an executable program thereon; A processor configured to execute the executable program in the memory to implement the steps of the method according to any one of the implementations in the first aspect above.

[0018] In the technical solution of the present application, the ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method includes: obtaining OCTA image data of the blood vessels in the peripheral part of the patient's iris through optical coherence tomography angiography; processing the OCTA image data to identify blood vessel condition information; generating safe area coordinates avoiding the blood vessel positions based on the blood vessel condition information; and mapping the safe area coordinates to a surgical navigation system to guide the implementation of the laser drilling operation. By performing OCTA imaging and processing on the blood vessels in the peripheral part of the patient's iris, the technical solution of the present application can effectively identify high-risk blood vessel positions and generate safe drilling area coordinates avoiding these blood vessels based on this, thereby greatly reducing the risk of complications such as intraoperative bleeding and improving the safety of laser peripheral iridectomy for angle-closure glaucoma.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present application will be described to some extent in the subsequent specification, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the study of the following text, or can be taught from the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present application or the prior art, and constitute a part of the specification. Among them, the drawings showing the embodiments of the present application are used together with the embodiments of the present application to explain the technical solution of the present application, but do not constitute a limitation to the technical solution of the present application.

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of an ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic flow chart of processing OCTA image data in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. All other implementation manners obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts belong to the scope protected by this application.

[0023] As described in the background art, the inventor found in the clinical practice of laser peripheral iridectomy for angle-closure glaucoma that there are special anatomical variations in the peripheral part of the iris in some patients, and there may also be vessels that are not visible to the naked eye in the recesses. If laser perforation is performed in the recesses without discrimination, it is very likely to accidentally hit the vessels or burn the tissue around the vessels during the operation, thereby causing serious complications such as bleeding. Once bleeding occurs, the surgical field of view will be instantly interfered, making the originally delicate operation extremely difficult. More seriously, bleeding will not only directly affect the smooth progress of the operation, but may also induce a series of adverse postoperative consequences, such as a recurrence of increased intraocular pressure, causing secondary damage to the already fragile optic nerve; blurred vision, affecting the recovery of the patient's postoperative visual quality; increased eye pain, bringing great pain to the patient; intensification of the inflammatory reaction, causing tissue adhesion, destroying the normal anatomical structure and physiological function of the eye, and seriously affecting the surgical effect and the postoperative recovery process of the patient.

[0024] Based on the development of the biomedical engineering industry, in the field of ophthalmic examination technology, OCTA (optical coherence tomography angiography), as a cutting-edge non-invasive technology, demonstrates unique application value. By leveraging the motion characteristics of red blood cells in the blood flow, it performs multiple scans of the same site and deeply analyzes the phase and intensity changes of the optical signals between adjacent scans. Based on principles such as Doppler frequency shift, it accurately detects the motion information of red blood cells, and then clearly identifies the vascular structure to generate high-resolution vascular images. This technology can intuitively and comprehensively present the vascular morphology, distribution, and blood flow conditions of parts such as the retina and optic nerve head, providing rich and accurate information for the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic diseases.

[0025] Based on this, this application proposes an ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method. In the application scenario of laser peripheral iridectomy, the OCTA technology is introduced into the ophthalmic laser surgery process, and the vessels in the peripheral part of the iris are detected based on OCTA, and the safe implementation of laser perforation operation is facilitated by calibrating the safe perforation area.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, in one embodiment, the ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method proposed in this application includes: Step S10, obtaining OCTA image data of the vessels in the peripheral part of the patient's iris through optical coherence tomography angiography.

[0027] As is known to those skilled in the art, Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging method that uses light waves to perform tomographic scans of biological tissues and generates detailed vascular structure images by analyzing the changes in light signals caused by blood flow. Specifically, OCTA can accurately capture the movement of red blood cells in the blood flow by quickly and repeatedly scanning the same area and comparing the phase and intensity differences between adjacent scans, thereby clearly showing the complex vascular network including tiny blood vessels. In this step, in order to obtain high-quality OCTA image data, relevant ophthalmic OCTA equipment is required to accurately position and focus on the peripheral part of the patient's iris, and a comprehensive scan of the iris and its surrounding area is completed without contacting the eyeball. In actual implementation, during the process of obtaining OCTA image data, a multi-angle and multi-level scanning strategy is usually required to ensure that all potential vascular positions in the peripheral part of the iris can be comprehensively covered. The finally obtained OCTA image data will present a detailed map of the vascular distribution in the peripheral part of the iris, providing relevant data preparation for the next step of blood vessel identification and determination of the safe punching area.

[0028] Then, step S20 is performed to process the OCTA image data to identify the blood vessel condition information.

[0029] In step S20, the present application will specifically process the OCTA image data obtained from step S10 to identify and analyze the blood vessel condition information in the image. It is easy to understand that the imaging image data provided by step S10 is only basic, and valuable blood vessel-related information needs to be obtained from it to meet the requirements of the scenario. Specifically in the technical scenario of the present application, we mainly determine its risk category based on the blood vessel scale. For example, according to factors such as the size and position of the blood vessels, it is judged whether they belong to the high-risk category during the surgical implementation. And in the intelligent image recognition processing, existing relevant artificial intelligence technologies and image processing technologies can be used to achieve it.

[0030] In the implementation manner, similar to the prior art, relevant image processing technologies need to be used for preprocessing, and the preprocessing here includes but is not limited to noise reduction processing, contrast enhancement processing, etc., to ensure that the image quality reaches the best state. In addition, relevant recognition algorithms will be used to identify the blood vessel structure information, and then the identified information will be used for blood vessel classification and marking.

[0031] Specifically, as a specific implementation manner, as Figure 2 shown, the process of processing the OCTA image data here includes: Step S21, preprocessing; Before conducting professional analysis on OCTA images, a series of preprocessing operations need to be performed on the acquired image data first. These preprocessing measures mainly include image enhancement, noise removal, contrast adjustment, etc. Through these steps, the image quality can be significantly improved, laying a foundation for subsequent precise analysis. For example, the CLAHE (Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization) algorithm can be used for image enhancement processing to improve the contrast between blood vessels and the background; the Non-local Means algorithm can be used for denoising processing to eliminate motion artifacts and speckle noise, etc.

[0032] Step S22, extract the blood vessel contour and calculate the blood vessel diameter; After completing the preprocessing, the next step is to use relevant algorithms to extract the specific contour of blood vessels from the preprocessed OCTA images and accurately calculate the diameter of each blood vessel. Here, it can be based on existing blood vessel segmentation and quantification processing models, such as the processing model involved in the prior patent CN119169030B, or other models constructed based on convolutional neural network (CNN), U-Net or SegNet architectures.

[0033] For example, in some embodiments, during the implementation of the blood vessel segmentation and quantification processing model here, an improved U-Net model is used for blood vessel contour extraction, and a multi-scale attention mechanism is incorporated to enhance the recognition ability of small blood vessels; the ResNet-34 is used as the backbone network in the encoder of the model network to extract multi-level features; channel-spatial attention is introduced in the skip connection to dynamically weight the blood vessel region features to implement the attention mechanism; the decoder gradually restores the resolution through transposed convolution and outputs a pixel-level blood vessel probability map. In terms of blood vessel parameter quantification processing and blood vessel diameter calculation, first, skeletonization processing is performed, that is, morphological thinning is performed on the binary blood vessel mask to generate a single-pixel-level centerline; then the normal intercept method is used to calculate the local width perpendicular to the blood vessel direction point by point along the skeleton, and the median value is taken as the blood vessel diameter.

[0034] Based on step S22, step S23 is carried out to mark high-risk vessels; Based on relevant practical experience, in this application, blood vessels with a diameter exceeding the first preset value are defined as high-risk blood vessels. For example, in this embodiment, if the diameter of a blood vessel is greater than 50 μm, then this blood vessel will be marked as high-risk. This marking mechanism combined with subsequent processing can be used to guide fine operations such as laser drilling, helping doctors avoid the areas corresponding to these blood vessels and avoiding potential bleeding or other complications, thereby ensuring the safety and effectiveness of the surgery.

[0035] Then continue to return to Figure 1, after step S20, step S30 is performed to generate the coordinates of the safe area that avoids the blood vessel positions; specifically, in step S30, the coordinates of the safe area for laser drilling that avoids the blood vessel positions are generated, including: Step a, establish a columnar protection area with a second preset value as the radius centered on each high-risk blood vessel. In this step, in order to prevent accidental damage to important blood vessel structures during the laser drilling process, especially those marked as high-risk blood vessels, a columnar protection area can be created around each high-risk blood vessel. The design principle of this protection area is to ensure that it can effectively limit the laser drilling operation within an effective and safe range; the second preset value here can be considered based on clinical experience and safety, and a reasonable second preset value should be a guarantee that takes into account both the implementation space of the drilling and safety.

[0036] Specifically, as a preferred implementation manner, during the implementation of the solution, the second preset value is determined based on the following method: Establish a heat conduction model based on the energy parameters of the laser surgical device and the thermal characteristics of the iris tissue, and calculate the theoretical safety distance; increase a safety redundancy of 10%-30% on the basis of the theoretical safety distance to determine the second preset value. For example, based on the Pennes bioheat conduction equation, combined with the laser energy absorption and tissue heat diffusion characteristics, a transient thermal response model of the iris tissue can be established, and then combined with the laser parameters of the drilling operation to be performed during the operation and the preoperative examination of the patient (such as evaluating the iris pigment grade of the patient, etc.) to determine this value.

[0037] Adopting such a method not only considers the variable factors in actual clinical operations, but also fully takes into account the influence of individual patient differences on laser energy absorption and heat conduction, thus ensuring that the setting of each protection area is both scientific and reasonable. This strategy is beneficial to improving the safety of the operation and the success rate of the operation.

[0038] On the basis of step a, step b is performed to divide the peripheral part of the iris into a feasible region and a prohibited region based on the columnar protection area, and the safe area is determined based on the largest continuous feasible region.

[0039] Specifically, during the process of dividing the peripheral part of the iris into a feasible region and a prohibited region based on the columnar protection area, it includes: Register the OCTA image data with the iris structure data of the patient obtained by anterior segment optical coherence tomography in advance. For example, the SIFT feature point detection combined with the affine transformation matrix can be used to align the OCTA blood vessel distribution data with the three-dimensional iris structure data of the anterior segment OCT in a unified coordinate system; Construct an iris surface grid model with the laser incident direction as the normal vector. Each grid cell corresponds to the actual space coordinates. For example, according to the laser incident angle, construct a three-dimensional space coordinate system with the incident direction as the Z-axis. Use the Delaunay triangulation algorithm to divide the iris surface into grid cells with a unit side length. Record the three-dimensional space coordinates of each cell vertex to construct the grid model; Project the columnar protection area onto the iris surface grid model. If the center point of the grid cell falls within the projection range of any columnar protection area, mark the grid cell as a no-go area. For example, the columnar area can be defined as a three-dimensional cylinder. Then project the cylinder along the laser incident direction onto the iris surface to generate a two-dimensional projection area. In terms of spatial relationship determination, ray collision detection can be used to achieve the judgment, and then the no-go area can be marked based on the judgment result. The unmarked grid cells are the feasible area grids.

[0040] Considering that the feasible area grids may be discrete in practice, in order to make the subsequent determined safety area have practical operability, finally, the safety area needs to be determined based on the largest continuous feasible area; specifically, in some embodiments, determining the safety area based on the largest continuous feasible area is specifically as follows: For the feasible area grids that are not marked as no-go areas, the breadth-first search algorithm can be used to identify the largest connected subgraph among them, and the area corresponding to the largest connected subgraph is determined as the safety area.

[0041] This method belongs to a conventional processing method in computer graphics. Here, only a brief description of its implementation method is given, which mainly includes the following steps: (1) Grid data preprocessing Binary marking: Mark the no-go areas in the iris surface grid model as 0 and the feasible areas as 1 to generate a two-dimensional binary matrix; Neighborhood definition: Select the four-connected neighborhood rule according to requirements.

[0042] (2) Breadth-first search algorithm Initialize the access matrix: Create a boolean matrix with the same size as the grid to record whether each cell has been accessed.

[0043] Traverse the feasible area grids: Scan the binary matrix row by row. When an unaccessed feasible area cell (value is 1) is found, start the BFS processing.

[0044] Connected area expansion: Add the current cell to the queue, mark it as accessed, loop to pop the first element of the queue, check its neighborhood cells. If it is a feasible area and has not been accessed, add it to the queue and mark it; Count the number of grid cells and the coordinate set of the current connected subgraph.

[0045] Determination of the largest connected subgraph: Compare the areas (number of grid cells) of all connected subgraphs, and retain the coordinate set of the largest connected region.

[0046] (3) Coordinate mapping and safety region output. Based on the affine transformation parameters of the iris surface grid model, convert the grid indices of the largest connected subgraph into three-dimensional space coordinates to achieve the conversion from grid indices to space coordinates; and perform polygon fitting on the discrete grid coordinates to generate a smooth closed boundary curve to determine the safety region.

[0047] Finally, after step S30, perform step S40, map the safety region coordinates to the surgical navigation system to guide the implementation of the laser drilling operation. For example, in a mixed reality (MR) navigation interface, based on the coordinate mapping, render the safety region as a highlighted color (such as green) and mark the no-go area as a warning color (such as red), and superimpose it on the real-time image of the patient's iris to facilitate the implementation of the drilling operation.

[0048] In addition, based on the above embodiments, considering the characteristics of the technical scenario of the present application, in some embodiments, the ophthalmic laser surgery assistance positioning method of the present application further includes the following intraoperative calibration steps: Real-time monitor the iris displacement amount through an infrared pupil tracking device, and when the displacement amount is greater than the third preset value, trigger the real-time remapping of the safety region coordinates.

[0049] In actual implementation, continuously photograph the eye through a high-frame-rate infrared camera to capture the feature points on the iris surface (such as texture or blood vessel intersections), compare the current position of the iris feature points with the reference position at the previous moment in real time, and calculate the overall offset amount (the displacement upper limit threshold can be set according to clinical experience). When it is detected in real time that the iris displacement exceeds the threshold, based on the latest iris position, translate the planned safety region as a whole to the current iris position, and then project the translated and updated safety region onto the surgical screen in real time for the doctor's subsequent operations.

[0050] Regarding the defects existing in the above solutions, they are all the results obtained by the inventor after practice and careful research. Therefore, the discovery process of the above problems and the solutions proposed by the present application for the above problems in the following text should all be the contributions made by the inventor to the present application during the process of the present application.

[0051] The ophthalmic laser surgery assistance positioning method provided by the present application realizes the high-precision recognition of the peripheral iris blood vessels and the accurate calibration of the safety region by combining OCTA (optical coherence tomography angiography) technology. In practical applications, the following remarkable technical effects can be achieved: By performing OCTA imaging and processing on the peripheral blood vessels of the patient's iris, the high-risk blood vessel positions can be effectively identified, and based on this, the coordinates of the safe punching areas that avoid these blood vessels are generated, thus significantly reducing the risk of complications such as intraoperative bleeding and improving the safety of laser peripheral iridectomy for angle-closure glaucoma; using relevant image processing techniques and algorithms, such as the blood vessel segmentation and quantification processing model, breadth-first search algorithm, etc., ensures the accuracy and reliability of the safe area coordinates, helps doctors more precisely control the laser energy output and action direction during actual operation, and improves the success rate and effect of the surgery; by registering the OCTA image data with the iris structure data obtained by anterior segment optical coherence tomography, constructing an iris surface mesh model, and determining the safe area on this basis, the surgical planning becomes more scientific and reasonable, providing clear operation guidelines for doctors; introducing an infrared pupil tracking device to achieve real-time monitoring of the iris displacement amount and triggering the remapping of the safe area coordinates accordingly, ensuring a high positioning accuracy even in the case of slight displacement during the operation, and further enhancing the flexibility and adaptability during the surgical process.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is also provided. The computer-readable medium stores program codes, and when the program codes are executed by a processor and run on a computer, the method described in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0053] In addition, the present application also proposes an electronic device, Figure 3 which is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 3 shown. The electronic device 300 includes: A memory 301, on which an executable program is stored; A processor 302, configured to execute the executable program in the memory 301 to implement the steps of the above method.

[0054] Regarding the electronic device 300 in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which the processor 302 executes the program in the memory 301 has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0055] As described above, the above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0056] It can be understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the content not detailed in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar content in other embodiments.

[0057] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" refers to at least two.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0059] Although the embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be construed as limiting this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. An ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method, characterized in that, obtaining OCTA image data of the blood vessels in the peripheral part of the patient's iris through optical coherence tomography angiography; processing the OCTA image data to identify blood vessel condition information; generating safe area coordinates avoiding the blood vessel positions based on the blood vessel condition information; mapping the safe area coordinates to a surgical navigation system to guide the implementation of laser drilling operations.

2. The ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method according to claim 1, wherein, The process of processing the OCTA image data includes: extracting blood vessel contours using an existing blood vessel segmentation and quantification processing model and calculating blood vessel diameters; marking blood vessels with diameters exceeding a first preset value as high-risk blood vessels.

3. The ophthalmic laser surgery auxiliary positioning method according to claim 2, wherein, The process of generating laser drilling safe area coordinates avoiding the blood vessel positions includes: establishing columnar protection areas with a radius of a second preset value centered on each of the high-risk blood vessels; dividing the peripheral part of the iris into a feasible area and a no-go area based on the columnar protection areas, and determining the safe area based on the largest continuous feasible area.

4. The ophthalmic laser surgery auxiliary positioning method according to claim 3, wherein, During the process of dividing the peripheral part of the iris into a feasible area and a no-go area based on the columnar protection areas, it includes: registering the OCTA image data with the iris structure data of the patient previously obtained by anterior segment optical coherence tomography, constructing an iris surface grid model with the laser incident direction as the normal vector, and each grid unit corresponding to actual space coordinates; projecting the columnar protection areas onto the iris surface grid model, and if the center point of a grid unit falls within the projection range of any columnar protection area, marking the grid unit as a no-go area.

5. The ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method according to claim 4, wherein, The specific determination of the safe area based on the largest continuous feasible area is: for the feasible area grids not marked as no-go areas, using a breadth-first search algorithm to identify the largest connected subgraph therein, and determining the area corresponding to the largest connected subgraph as the safe area.

6. The ophthalmic laser surgery auxiliary positioning method according to claim 3, wherein, The second preset value is determined based on the following method: establishing a heat conduction model based on the energy parameters of the laser surgery device and the thermal characteristics of the iris tissue, and calculating the theoretical safety distance; increasing the safety redundancy by 10% - 30% on the basis of the theoretical safety distance to determine the second preset value.

7. The ophthalmic laser surgery assisted positioning method according to claim 3, wherein, The first preset value is 50μm.

8. The ophthalmic laser surgery auxiliary positioning method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, It further includes the following intraoperative calibration steps: real-time monitoring of the iris displacement amount through an infrared pupil tracking device, and triggering real-time remapping of the safe area coordinates when the displacement amount is greater than a third preset value.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having program code stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program code is executed by a processor, the method described in any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes: a memory on which an executable program is stored; a processor for executing the executable program in the memory to implement the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 - 8.

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