Ecological microcirculation-based village original appearance protection water environment restoration system and regulation and control method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional village water environment restoration, and discloses a village original appearance protection water environment restoration system based on ecological microcirculation and a regulation and control method. An overland runoff seepage guiding system, a three-dimensional wetland purification system, a subsurface infiltration back-supplement system and a cloud intelligent regulation and control system are arranged to modify the intelligent water environment of a traditional village; the surface runoff seepage guiding system is arranged to guide and collect surface runoff on the basis of the existing natural terrain; the three-dimensional wetland purification system is used for filtering and pre-treating the collected water, so that a water source can be recycled; the subsurface percolation back-supplementing system improves the water quality and stores water through a percolation well, further treats the collected water source, and can store the accumulated water, so that the water source can be conveniently called subsequently; and the cloud intelligent regulation and control system is used for processing and predicting the data collected by each system, giving an alarm in time, and further improving and repairing the intelligent water environment of the village through the predicted data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of traditional village water environment restoration, and in particular relates to a village original appearance protection water environment restoration system and a control method based on ecological microcirculation. Background Art

[0002] Traditional villages contain rich historical information and cultural landscapes, and are the greatest legacy left by China's agricultural civilization. Most traditional villages are built along rivers and backed by mountains. They are rich in natural resources and have unique folk customs. Taking the Fu River Basin as an example, the terrain characteristics of the Fu River Basin are mainly high in the northwest and low in the southeast. The terrain in the basin is undulating. The highest point is the source, Xuebaoding, with an altitude of 5,588 meters, and the lowest point is the Hechuan River Estuary, with an altitude of about 200 meters. The upper reaches of the Fu River Basin are mostly mountainous, with an altitude of more than 1,000 meters. There are virgin forests and national nature reserves, which protect the forest ecosystem dominated by giant panda habitats. The middle and lower reaches are low mountains, hills and plains, with altitudes between 159 meters and 1,000 meters. The terrain is gently undulating, with a large population and dense towns.

[0003] In addition, the plain area of the Fu River Basin also has a unique natural landscape and ecological environment, which is of great significance for protecting biodiversity and restoring the ecological environment. At the same time, this area is also one of China's important population gathering places, which plays an important role in promoting population mobility and urban and rural development. In addition, its developed water conservancy engineering system provides a solid guarantee for farmland irrigation and flood control and drainage. In general, the Fu River Basin plays a vital role in China's agricultural production, economic development, ecological environment protection, population gathering, and water conservancy engineering.

[0004] However, traditional villages in the Fu River basin may lack effective sewage treatment systems due to the need to protect the structure of ancient buildings. Also, since most traditional villages are located near mountains and rivers, sewage treatment and water flow monitoring are particularly important. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a village original appearance protection water environment restoration system and control method based on ecological microcirculation to address the above-mentioned problems, hoping to improve the problem of the lack of effective sewage treatment systems in existing traditional villages.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of the village based on ecological microcirculation includes: The surface runoff infiltration system includes an infiltration ditch and an intelligent diversion device. The infiltration ditch is used for drainage. The intelligent diversion device is arranged at the node of the infiltration ditch. The intelligent diversion device is used to monitor the water volume and rainfall intensity data of the infiltration ditch. Three-dimensional wetland purification system, including wetland matrix and drone inspection passage. The wetland matrix is divided into multiple modules, each module is set as a honeycomb structure, and the wetland matrix is divided into upper, middle and lower layers; the drone inspection passage covers the wetland matrix, and the drone inspects the wetland matrix through the path planning of the drone inspection passage; Subsurface infiltration and recharge system, including infiltration wells, and conductivity sensors are set on the well walls of the infiltration wells for detecting the hardness of groundwater; Cloud intelligent control system, integrates the received data, predicts the changes in water volume and water quality through a prediction model, and transmits control information to the surface runoff infiltration system, three-dimensional wetland purification system and subsurface infiltration and recharge system.

[0007] Further, in the surface runoff infiltration system, the infiltration ditches are dug along the natural terrain of the traditional village. The inner walls of the infiltration ditches are made of permeable concrete, and a woven mesh is provided on the permeable concrete for blocking and intercepting impurities in the infiltration ditches; a cover plate is provided on the top of the infiltration ditch, and the cover plate is provided with openings; The intelligent flow diversion device includes a flow meter, a pressure sensor and a flow diversion valve. There are multiple intelligent flow diversion devices, and there is a spacing between each intelligent flow diversion device. Intelligent flow diversion devices are added at key nodes of the infiltration ditch; the intelligent flow diversion device is electrically connected to the cloud intelligent control system, and transmits the data detected by the flow meter and the pressure sensor to the cloud intelligent control system. The cloud intelligent control system transmits the flow diversion control instruction back to the flow diversion valve for flow diversion.

[0008] Further, in the three-dimensional wetland purification system, multiple modules on the surface of the wetland matrix are mutually clamped, and the flowing water seeps into the interior of the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure on the surface of the wetland matrix; Plants are planted in the upper layer of the wetland matrix to pre-treat pollutants in the water quality through the plant roots; A pulsed aeration pipe network is arranged in the middle layer for providing oxygen for microbial degradation; A zero-valent iron filler layer is arranged at the bottom layer, and the zero-valent iron removes heavy metal pollutants through reduction.

[0009] Further, in the subsurface infiltration and recharge system, a layered backfill structure is set; Hydrogel particles are embedded in the upper layer structure. Through the characteristics of the hydrogel particles swelling when encountering water and shrinking in dry seasons, the water infiltration speed of the upper layer structure is increased in the dry season, and the swelling in the rainy season delays the water flow infiltration; Activated carbon is arranged in the middle layer structure for adsorbing residual pollutants; A woven mesh is arranged at the bottom layer, and the woven mesh is tightly woven to prevent soil erosion.

[0010] The specific density of the woven mesh is set and modified according to the soil particle size and soil water content in each region.

[0011] Further, infiltration wells are arranged in the subsurface infiltration recharge system, and the infiltration wells are used to store the water source flowing in from the three-dimensional wetland purification system; Valves and conveying pipelines are arranged on the side wall of the infiltration well, and the input end of the conveying pipeline is communicated with the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The conductivity sensor on the well wall of the infiltration well is used to detect the water quality. When the conductivity sensor detects that the water hardness in the infiltration well exceeds the set value, the valve opens, and the water source in the three-dimensional wetland purification system enters the infiltration well to dilute the water quality; The conductivity sensor is electrically connected to the cloud intelligent control system, and the water quality information is transmitted to the cloud intelligent control system by the conductivity sensor.

[0012] Further, the cloud intelligent control system is electrically connected to the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system. The surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system transmit data information to the cloud intelligent control system. The cloud intelligent control system integrates the monitoring data of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system, predicts the changes in water volume and water quality through a prediction model, and controls the devices of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system through the cloud intelligent control system.

[0013] Further, the repair system is arranged according to the terrain gradient; The surface runoff infiltration system is arranged upstream, and the downstream of the infiltration ditch is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The three-dimensional wetland purification system is arranged in the middle reaches, and the water source diverted by the surface runoff infiltration system enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification; The subsurface infiltration recharge system is arranged downstream, and the infiltration well is arranged on one side close to the wetland matrix; The water flows through the infiltration ditch and is diverted by the intelligent shunt device into the wetland matrix of the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification. The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system flows to the subsurface infiltration recharge system through the perforated pipe for filtration and water quality softening, and the water filtered and softened by the subsurface infiltration recharge system is stored in the recharge well for standby.

[0014] The water environment regulation method for protecting the original appearance of the village based on ecological microcirculation, the regulation method includes the following steps: Dig infiltration ditches along the natural terrain of the village, and arrange intelligent shunt devices along the way to detect the water flow rate, and set the maximum and minimum water flow rates. When the water volume reaches the maximum water volume, control the water flow rate by opening the shunt valve. When the water volume is lower than the minimum water flow rate, close the shunt valve to make the water flow on the main road; The water flowing out through the seepage ditch enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system, seeps into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure for purification. The upper-layer plant roots in the wetland matrix can preliminarily purify the pollutants in the water quality. The middle-layer pulse aeration pipe network is driven by biogas to provide oxygen for microbial degradation. The bottom-layer zero-valent iron filler layer deeply removes heavy metals through the reduction of zero-valent iron. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) conducts inspections on the three-dimensional wetland purification system through the UAV inspection channel. The water source purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system is softened and filtered through the subsurface infiltration recharge system, and the treated water is stored in the recharge well for standby. The cloud intelligent control system integrates the data sent by each system, and predicts the changes in water volume and water quality in the traditional village through the prediction model, and timely sends adjustment instructions to each system.

[0015] Furthermore, the UAV inspection channel is set on the wetland matrix, and the inspection process of the UAV includes the following: S1: Based on the topographic features of the wetland matrix, the wetland area is dynamically grid-divided through the edge computing device. Input data into the edge computing device, including the high-resolution remote sensing image and topographic data obtained by the pre-flight scan of the UAV. The edge computing device conducts grid division, using the adaptive grid algorithm to divide the wetland matrix into smaller matrices according to the vegetation coverage rate and water surface depth. The edge computing device outputs the result to the UAV, generates an electronic map containing matrix coordinates, and uploads the electronic map to the UAV navigation system. S2: Path optimization of the inspection channel. Based on the central point coordinates of the matrix, introduce obstacle avoidance constraints to generate the optimal flight path of the UAV. The UAV navigation system receives the data of the optimal flight path planning in real time, combines with GPS for positioning, and generates the UAV flight path. S3: The UAV conducts data collection. The UAV conducts inspections according to the inspection channel planned by the UAV navigation system, detects the water depth through the radar instrument carried on the UAV, calculates the water surface height by receiving the reflection signal, and takes pictures of the vegetation coverage through the multispectral camera, and transmits the taken images to the system for analysis. Transmit the collected data to the cloud intelligent control system for analysis and prediction. Let the collected data set be: ; Among them, is each group of collected data, is the number of data groups.

[0016] Furthermore, the dynamic mesh division in step S1 includes the following: ; ; ; ; wherein, and are the dynamically adjusted sizes of the sub-grid with coordinates in the directions of the coordinate axes and ; and are the basic sizes of the initial grid in the directions of the coordinate axes and ; and are the weight coefficients of the vegetation coverage rate and the water surface depth, and , ; is the vegetation coverage rate of the sub-grid ; is the water surface depth of the sub-grid ; Step S2 specifically includes: The optimal path of the drone from the starting point to the ending point needs to satisfy the shortest flight distance and obstacle avoidance constraints, and the formula is as follows: ; wherein, , is the discrete point sequence of the drone flight path, is the coordinate of the th path point ; is the coordinate of the th obstacle; is the obstacle avoidance penalty weight coefficient; is the Euclidean distance, used to calculate the distance between path points and the distance to obstacles, is the total number of paths, is the total number of obstacles; The safety distance between the drone path and all obstacles needs to satisfy the following conditions: ; wherein, is the minimum safety distance between the drone and the obstacle; Step S3 specifically includes: Calculating the water surface height through the reflected signal of the radar : ; Among them, is the flight altitude of the drone, is the wave velocity of the radar, is the time difference between the signal transmission and reception of the radar; Calculate the vegetation coverage rate: ; Among them, is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band, is the reflectivity in the red light band, , The larger the value of, the denser the vegetation; Data transmission time: ; Among them, is the total size of the collected data, is the communication bandwidth, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0017] Furthermore, the cloud intelligent control system, according to the data transmitted back by the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration and recharge system, and combined with the relevant data of traditional villages in recent years, trains and predicts the data set through the prediction model. Then, the data set is processed through the multi-objective optimization algorithm to obtain the optimal objective as the optimal solution.

[0018] It should be noted that the prediction model is an existing model, and the prediction accuracy is improved by training the data set through the prediction model.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention transforms the intelligent water environment of traditional villages by setting up a surface runoff infiltration system, a three-dimensional wetland purification system, a subsurface infiltration and recharge system and a cloud intelligent control system. Due to the purpose of protecting traditional villages, large-scale transformation cannot be carried out; by setting up a surface runoff infiltration system, on the basis of the existing natural terrain, the surface runoff is guided and collected to avoid the problem of water accumulation in the low-lying areas of the village; the three-dimensional wetland purification system filters and pre-treats the collected water, so that the water source can be reused; the subsurface infiltration and recharge system improves the water quality and stores water through infiltration wells, further processes the collected water source, and can store the accumulated water for subsequent water source adjustment; the cloud intelligent control system is used to process and predict the data collected by each system, give an alarm in time, and further improve and repair the intelligent water environment of the village through the predicted data.

[0020] The present invention conducts inspections on the wetland matrix through an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and divides the wetland matrix into grids by means of an adaptive grid algorithm, facilitating the search for the coordinates of specific areas that need improvement; the inspection path of the UAV is planned according to the electronic map output by the edge computing device, and the electronic map is uploaded to the UAV navigation system. The UAV conducts inspections according to the path planned by the navigation, which not only saves time and enables timely monitoring and early warning of the entire system, but also improves the inspection efficiency and can save human resources to a certain extent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is the system architecture diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the method flow chart of the present invention; Figure 3 is the schematic structural diagram of the wetland purification system of the present invention; Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the restoration system of the present invention; Figure 5 is the precipitation data statistical table of Manduan Village, Menghai County, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0024] Most of the existing traditional villages are located by the river and backed by mountains. Taking the traditional villages in the Fujiang River Basin as an example. Since the water volume in the Fujiang River Basin is very rich and the water volume changes greatly between the flood season and the dry season, and the traditional villages have been built for a long time and the facilities are aging, they cannot handle the situation of rapid water volume changes, and the structure of the ancient buildings needs to be protected and cannot be arbitrarily transformed. Therefore, the sewage treatment problem in traditional villages is relatively severe.

[0025] The present invention proposes a water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation. The restoration system includes: As Figure 1 shown, a surface runoff infiltration system, including infiltration ditches and intelligent shunt devices. The infiltration ditches are used for drainage, and the intelligent shunt devices are arranged at the nodes of the infiltration ditches. The intelligent shunt devices are used to monitor the water volume in the infiltration ditches and rainfall intensity data; The three-dimensional wetland purification system includes a wetland matrix and a drone inspection passage. The wetland matrix is divided into multiple modules, each module is set in a honeycomb structure, and the wetland matrix is divided into upper, middle and lower layers; the drone inspection passage covers the wetland matrix, and the drone conducts inspections on the wetland matrix through the path planning of the drone inspection passage; The underground infiltration and recharge system includes infiltration wells, and conductivity sensors are arranged on the well walls of the infiltration wells to detect the hardness of groundwater; The cloud intelligent control system integrates the received data, predicts the changes in water volume and water quality through a prediction model, and transmits control information to the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the underground infiltration and recharge system.

[0026] Through the collaborative cooperation of each system, the sewage situation in traditional villages is diverted, preliminarily treated and collected, and the water environment of the villages is improved.

[0027] Embodiment 1 In one embodiment of the present invention, in the surface runoff infiltration system, the infiltration ditch is dug along the natural terrain of the traditional village. The inner wall of the infiltration ditch is made of permeable concrete, and a woven net is arranged on the permeable concrete. The woven net is used to block and intercept impurities in the infiltration ditch; a cover plate is arranged on the top of the infiltration ditch, and the cover plate is provided with openings; Among them, the woven net is woven by straw fibers, and the woven net is arranged in a dense and sparse pattern. Since straw has the characteristics of dryness and breathability, it will not cause too much obstruction to the water flow; the cover plate on the top of the infiltration ditch needs to be provided with openings, which can introduce the water flowing on the surface into the infiltration ditch, and when the water flow in the infiltration ditch is large, the water in the infiltration ditch can also flow out through the openings on the cover plate to avoid damage to the infiltration ditch due to excessive pressure.

[0028] The intelligent flow splitting device includes a flow meter, a pressure sensor and a flow splitting valve. There are multiple intelligent flow splitting devices, and there is a distance between each intelligent flow splitting device. The specific distance is set according to the actual situation. Intelligent flow splitting devices are added at the key nodes of the infiltration ditch. The key nodes include but are not limited to areas with large water flow and areas involving flow splitting; the intelligent flow splitting device is electrically connected to the cloud intelligent control system, and transmits the data detected by the flow meter and the pressure sensor to the cloud intelligent control system. The cloud intelligent control system transmits the flow splitting control instruction back to the flow splitting valve, and the flow splitting is carried out by the flow splitting valve.

[0029] Most of the treatment equipment involved in the surface runoff infiltration system considers substances such as plants that are biodegradable and will not harm the environment, thereby protecting the natural ecological environment to a certain extent; through the surface runoff infiltration system, the polluted water is diverted, and the sewage is diverted to a centralized treatment area far away from the living area for treatment. Without changing the existing building structure of the traditional village, the sewage is treated, thereby restoring the ecological environment of the traditional village.

[0030] Example 2 As Figure 3 shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, in the three-dimensional wetland purification system, multiple modules on the surface of the wetland matrix are snapped together, and the flowing water seeps into the interior of the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure on the surface of the wetland matrix; the connection method between multiple modules of the wetland matrix does not use methods such as concrete for fixation, so that the gaps between the modules can allow plants to grow and do not hinder the development of the existing ecology.

[0031] Plants are planted in the upper layer of the wetland matrix, and the pollutants in the water quality are pretreated through the plant roots. Pollutant-tolerant plants are selected to avoid being damaged by the substances in the sewage; A pulsed aeration pipe network is arranged in the middle layer to provide oxygen for microbial degradation. The pulsed aeration pipe network is powered by biogas to provide oxygen for microbial degradation, thereby forming a power cycle, saving energy and effectively treating microorganisms at the same time; A zero-valent iron filler layer is arranged at the bottom layer. The zero-valent iron removes heavy metal pollutants through reduction to achieve the purpose of purifying the water source.

[0032] The water purified by the wetland purification system flows to the subsurface infiltration and recharge system through the perforated pipe for further treatment.

[0033] The wetland purification system is used for preliminary filtration of sewage. The modules on the surface of the wetland matrix serve as the upper layer of the wetland matrix. The honeycomb structure on the module surface is used for planting plants, and at the same time, the honeycomb structure is also conducive to the infiltration of sewage into the middle and bottom layers of the wetland matrix.

[0034] Example 3 One embodiment of the present invention is that in the subsurface infiltration and recharge system, a layered backfill structure is provided; Hydrogel particles are embedded in the upper layer structure. Through the characteristics of the hydrogel particles swelling when encountering water and shrinking when dry, the water infiltration rate of the upper layer structure is increased in the dry season, and the swelling in the rainy season delays the water flow infiltration. The hydrogel particles can flexibly respond to the dry season and the rainy season to avoid low water infiltration efficiency of the subsurface infiltration and recharge system; Activated carbon is arranged in the middle layer structure for adsorbing residual pollutants; A woven mesh is arranged at the bottom layer. The woven mesh is tightly woven and is used to prevent soil erosion. The density of the woven mesh is specifically set according to actual use requirements.

[0035] A percolation well is provided in the subsurface infiltration and recharge system, and the percolation well is used to store the water source flowing in from the three-dimensional wetland purification system; A valve and a conveying pipeline are provided on the side wall of the percolation well, and the input end of the conveying pipeline is communicated with the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The conductivity sensor on the well wall of the infiltration well is used to detect water quality. When the conductivity sensor detects that the water hardness in the infiltration well exceeds the set value, the valve opens, and the water source in the three-dimensional wetland purification system enters the infiltration well to dilute the water quality. The conductivity sensor is electrically connected to the cloud intelligent control system, and the conductivity sensor transmits water quality information to the cloud intelligent control system; the conductivity sensor is an existing device, which reflects the content of ions and salt concentration in water by measuring the conductivity value of the solution, so as to evaluate the purity and pollution degree of water quality, and is used for real-time monitoring of water quality; and the conductivity sensor has an automatic temperature compensation function, which can eliminate the influence of temperature on the measurement result and improve the accuracy and stability of the measurement.

[0036] Example 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the cloud intelligent control system is electrically connected to the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system. The surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system transmit data information to the cloud intelligent control system. The cloud intelligent control system integrates the monitoring data of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system, predicts the changes in water volume and water quality through a prediction model, and controls the devices of the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the subsurface infiltration recharge system through the cloud intelligent control system.

[0037] In this embodiment, the intelligent water environment of traditional villages is transformed by setting up the surface runoff infiltration system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, the subsurface infiltration recharge system and the cloud intelligent control system. Due to the protection purpose of traditional villages, large-scale transformation cannot be carried out; by setting up the surface runoff infiltration system, on the basis of the existing natural terrain, the surface runoff is guided and collected to avoid the problem of water accumulation in the low-lying areas of the village; the three-dimensional wetland purification system filters and pre-treats the collected water, so that the water source can be reused; the subsurface infiltration recharge system improves the water quality and stores water through the infiltration well, further processes the collected water source, and can store the accumulated water for subsequent water source regulation; the cloud intelligent control system is used to process and predict the data collected by each system, give an alarm in time, and further improve and repair the intelligent water environment of the village through the predicted data.

[0038] Example 5 As Figure 4 shown, in one embodiment of the present invention, the repair system is arranged according to the terrain gradient; The surface runoff infiltration system is set upstream, and is set along the catchment line of the mountain body on the periphery of the village, both sides of the road, and the building patio area. The downstream of the infiltration ditch is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the mountain runoff flows into the three-dimensional wetland purification system through the infiltration ditch. The three-dimensional wetland purification system is set in the middle reaches, and the water source diverted by the surface runoff infiltration system enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification; the three-dimensional wetland purification system is also provided with an independent weir pond to facilitate the entry of water into the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification and storage during the dry season.

[0039] The underground infiltration and recharge system is set in the lower reaches, and the infiltration wells are set on one side close to the wetland matrix; The water flows through the diversion of the infiltration ditch and the intelligent diversion device into the wetland matrix of the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification. The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system flows through the perforated pipe to the underground infiltration and recharge system for filtration and water quality softening. The water filtered and softened by the underground infiltration and recharge system is stored in the recharge well for standby. The recharge well is used to store the available water for the villagers to draw.

[0040] The distance between the three-dimensional wetland purification system in the restoration system and the pollution source is more than 50 meters, which is convenient for timely blocking the inflow of polluted water. At the same time, buffer vegetation is set between the three-dimensional wetland purification system and the upstream surface runoff infiltration system. The buffer vegetation is used to block larger substances and avoid damaging the devices and components in the restoration system.

[0041] By setting up a restoration system relying on the terrain gradient, the pollutants are gradually purified, and at the same time, through spatial isolation, the risk of pollutant diffusion is reduced.

[0042] Example 6 As Figure 2 shown, an embodiment of the present invention is a water environment regulation method for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation. The regulation method includes the following steps: Generally speaking, in traditional villages in the Fujiang River Basin, during the dry season, its maximum water flow rate is 1-2 cubic meters per second, and the minimum water flow rate is 0.1-0.5 cubic meters per second; during the wet season, its maximum water flow rate can reach 10-20 cubic meters per second, and the minimum water flow rate will also be maintained at about 1-3 cubic meters per second due to the continuous replenishment of precipitation. Specifically in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, according to the 34-year statistics of the Xiaoheba Station downstream, its average annual flow rate is 490 cubic meters per second. The maximum flow rate of the Fujiang River in Hechuan downstream once reached 30,000 cubic meters per second, and the minimum flow rate of the Fujiang River in Hechuan downstream was only 53 cubic meters per second. Figure 5 It is the precipitation data statistical table of Manduan Village, Menghai County, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. The gap between its maximum precipitation and minimum precipitation is significant, and it is mostly wet season in summer and mostly dry season in autumn and winter. The precipitation unit is millimeter.

[0043] Based on the above water flow rate, dig seepage ditches along the natural terrain of the village, and arrange intelligent flow diversion devices along the way to detect the water flow rate, and set the maximum and minimum water flow rates. When the water volume reaches the maximum water volume, control the water flow rate by opening the flow diversion valve. When the water volume is lower than the minimum water flow rate, close the flow diversion valve to make the water flow through the main road; control the water flow rate in the seepage ditches in real time to avoid causing an operating burden on the seepage ditches. The water flowing out of the seepage ditches enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system, seeps into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure for purification. The upper-layer plant roots in the wetland matrix can preliminarily purify the pollutants in the water quality. The middle-layer pulsed aeration pipe network is driven by biogas to provide oxygen for microbial degradation. The bottom-layer zero-valent iron filler layer deeply removes heavy metals through the reduction of zero-valent iron; the unmanned aerial vehicle conducts inspections on the three-dimensional wetland purification system through the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection channel; the three-dimensional wetland purification system is the upstream system of the restoration system and has a large area. If blockages or failures occur, it is not convenient for manual repair and treatment in a timely manner. Therefore, an unmanned aerial vehicle is set to monitor the situation of the wetland matrix and transmit data information to the cloud intelligent control system for early warning and treatment in a timely manner.

[0044] The water source purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system is softened and filtered through the subsurface infiltration recharge system, and the treated water is stored in the recharge well for standby. The cloud intelligent control system integrates the data sent by each system and predicts the changes in water volume and water quality in the traditional village through a prediction model, and issues adjustment instructions to each system in a timely manner.

[0045] The cloud intelligent control system can dynamically control the entire restoration system according to the data collected by each system: in the dry season, preferentially use the infiltrated water in the recharge well, and turn off each system of the restoration system to save energy; in the rainy season, start each system of the restoration system to treat the polluted water for use; for relatively extreme natural disasters, release degradation substances through the unmanned aerial vehicle for targeted pollution removal; it can not only meet the water use needs of villagers, but also save energy.

[0046] Embodiment 7 One embodiment of the present invention is that the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection channel is arranged on the wetland matrix, and the inspection process of the unmanned aerial vehicle includes the following: S1: Based on the terrain features of the wetland matrix, dynamically divide the wetland area through an edge computing device; First, input data into the edge computing device, including the high-resolution remote sensing image and terrain data obtained by the pre-flight scanning of the unmanned aerial vehicle; The edge computing device conducts grid division, and uses an adaptive grid algorithm to divide the wetland matrix into smaller matrices according to the vegetation coverage rate and water depth; The edge computing device outputs results to the drone, generates an electronic map containing matrix coordinates, and uploads the electronic map to the drone navigation system; S2: Path optimization of the inspection channel; Based on the center point coordinates of the matrix, obstacle avoidance constraints are introduced to generate the optimal flight path of the drone; The drone navigation system receives the data of the optimal flight path planning in real time, combines with GPS for positioning, and generates the drone flight path; S3: The drone conducts data collection; The drone conducts inspections according to the inspection channels planned by the drone navigation system, detects the water depth through the radar on the drone, calculates the water surface height by receiving the reflected signal, takes pictures of the vegetation coverage through the multispectral camera, and transmits the taken images to the system for analysis; The collected data is transmitted to the cloud intelligent control system for analysis and prediction.

[0047] The dynamic grid division in step S1 includes the following: ; ; ; ; Among them, and are the dynamically adjusted sizes of the sub-grid with coordinates in the coordinate axes and directions; and are the basic sizes of the initial grid in the coordinate axes and directions; and are the weight coefficients of the vegetation coverage rate and the water depth, and , ; is the vegetation coverage rate of the sub-grid ; is the water depth of the sub-grid ; and The grid sizes in the

[0048] When the vegetation coverage rate or increases, the denominator value increases, resulting in and The value decreases, the mesh is divided more densely, and it is controlled by and to control the mesh refinement degree, and set the values of and as needed; and need to be between 0 and 1.

[0049] A weight coefficient is set in S1, which can set different weight coefficients according to different monitoring targets, so as to adapt to a variety of monitoring objects. And and can be calculated separately in the directions, and can adapt to complex terrain features; during calculation, only the denominator needs to be calculated once to obtain the dimensions in two directions, and the calculation is more efficient. At the same time, it can also be adapted to edge devices for real-time processing.

[0050] The specific steps of S2 include: The optimal path of the drone from the starting point to the ending point needs to satisfy the shortest flight distance and obstacle avoidance constraints. The formula is as follows: ; Among them, , is the discrete point sequence of the drone flight path, is the coordinate of the th path point ; is the coordinate of the th obstacle, and the obstacle coordinate data is obtained in real time through the mesh division result and the sensor; is the obstacle avoidance penalty weight coefficient, the larger the value, the stronger the tendency of the path to be far from the obstacle; is the Euclidean distance, which is used to calculate the distance between path points and the distance to obstacles, is the total number of paths, is the total number of obstacles; The safe distance between the drone path and all obstacles needs to meet the following conditions: ; Among them, is the minimum safe distance between the drone and the obstacle, which is determined by the drone size and maneuverability; The specific steps of S3 include: Calculate the water surface height by the reflected signal of the radar : ; Among them, is the flight height of the drone, is the wave speed of the radar, is the time difference between the radar signal transmission and reception; Calculate the vegetation coverage rate: ; Among them, is the reflectivity in the near-infrared band, extracted from the multispectral image, is the reflectivity in the red light band, , The larger the value of, the denser the vegetation; Data transmission time: ; Among them, is the total size of the collected data, including water surface height, vegetation coverage rate, etc., is the communication bandwidth, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0051] By setting the inspection path of the drone, the safety of the system is improved. At the same time, problems during the system operation can be discovered in a timely manner and solutions can be provided promptly; moreover, due to the large floor area of the cloud intelligent control system, the efficiency of manual inspection is low and it is easy to miss inspections. The inspection efficiency of the drone is high, and according to the planning of the inspection path, it is not easy to miss inspections.

[0052] The method of this embodiment trains the prediction model to make the prediction more in line with the actual situation of traditional villages, and optimizes the control method through the multi-objective optimization algorithm, which can solve the contradiction between "technical rigidity" and "cultural flexibility" in the water environment governance of traditional villages, and provides a replicable intelligent solution for the ecological protection of similar cultural heritage sites.

[0053] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation, characterized in that The repair system includes: A surface runoff seepage guidance system, including seepage ditches and intelligent shunt devices. The seepage ditches are used for water diversion, and the intelligent shunt devices are set at the nodes of the seepage ditches. The intelligent shunt devices are used to monitor the water volume in the seepage ditches and rainfall intensity data; A three-dimensional wetland purification system, including a wetland matrix and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) inspection channel. The wetland matrix is divided into multiple modules, each module is set in a honeycomb structure, and the wetland matrix is divided into upper, middle, and lower layers; The UAV inspection channel covers the wetland matrix, and the UAV conducts inspections on the wetland matrix through the path planning of the UAV inspection channel; An underground infiltration and recharge system, including infiltration wells, and conductivity sensors are set on the well walls of the infiltration wells to detect the hardness of groundwater; A cloud intelligent control system, which integrates the received data, predicts the changes in water volume and water quality through a prediction model, and transmits control information to the surface runoff seepage guidance system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the underground infiltration and recharge system.

2. The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the surface runoff seepage guidance system, the seepage ditches are dug along the natural terrain of the traditional village. The inner walls of the seepage ditches are made of permeable concrete, and a woven mesh is provided on the permeable concrete. The woven mesh is used to block and intercept impurities in the seepage ditches; A cover plate is provided at the top of the seepage ditch, and the cover plate is provided with openings; The intelligent shunt device includes a flowmeter, a pressure sensor, and a shunt valve. There are multiple intelligent shunt devices, and there is a spacing between each intelligent shunt device. Intelligent shunt devices are added at the key nodes of the seepage ditches; The intelligent shunt device is electrically connected to the cloud intelligent control system, and transmits the data detected by the flowmeter and the pressure sensor to the cloud intelligent control system. The cloud intelligent control system transmits the shunt control instruction back to the shunt valve, and the shunt valve conducts shunting.

3. The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the three-dimensional wetland purification system, multiple modules on the surface of the wetland matrix are mutually clamped, and the flowing water seeps into the interior of the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure on the surface of the wetland matrix; Plants are planted in the upper layer of the wetland matrix to pre-treat pollutants in the water quality through the roots of the plants; A pulsed aeration pipe network is set in the middle layer to provide oxygen for microbial degradation; A zero-valent iron filler layer is set at the bottom layer, and zero-valent iron removes heavy metal pollutants through reduction.

4. The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the underground infiltration and recharge system, a layered backfill structure is set; Hydrogel particles are embedded in the upper layer structure. Through the characteristics of the hydrogel particles swelling when encountering water and shrinking in drought, the water infiltration speed of the upper layer structure is increased in the dry season, and the water flow infiltration is delayed when it is wet in the rainy season; Activated carbon is set in the middle layer structure to adsorb residual pollutants; A woven mesh is set at the bottom layer, and the woven mesh is tightly woven to prevent soil erosion.

5. The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the underground infiltration and recharge system, infiltration wells are set, and the infiltration wells are used to store the water source flowing in from the three-dimensional wetland purification system; Valves and conveying pipelines are provided on the side walls of the infiltration wells, and the input end of the conveying pipeline is communicated with the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The conductivity sensor on the well wall of the infiltration well is used to detect the water quality. When the conductivity sensor detects that the water hardness in the infiltration well exceeds the set value, the valve opens, and the water source in the three-dimensional wetland purification system enters the infiltration well to dilute the water quality; The conductivity sensor is electrically connected to the cloud intelligent control system, and the conductivity sensor transmits the water quality information to the cloud intelligent control system.

6. The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1, wherein, The cloud intelligent control system is electrically connected to the surface runoff seepage system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the subsurface infiltration recharge system. The surface runoff seepage system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the subsurface infiltration recharge system transmit data information to the cloud intelligent control system. The cloud intelligent control system integrates the monitoring data of the surface runoff seepage system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the subsurface infiltration recharge system, predicts the changes in water volume and water quality through a prediction model, and controls the devices of the surface runoff seepage system, the three-dimensional wetland purification system, and the subsurface infiltration recharge system through the cloud intelligent control system.

7. The water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The repair system is arranged according to the terrain gradient; The surface runoff seepage system is set upstream, and the downstream of the seepage ditch is connected to the three-dimensional wetland purification system; The three-dimensional wetland purification system is set in the middle reaches, and the water source diverted by the surface runoff seepage system enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification; The subsurface infiltration recharge system is set downstream, and the infiltration wells are set on one side close to the wetland matrix; The water flows through the seepage ditch and is diverted by the intelligent diversion device into the wetland matrix of the three-dimensional wetland purification system for purification. The water purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system flows through the perforated pipe to the subsurface infiltration recharge system for filtration and water quality softening. The water filtered and softened by the subsurface infiltration recharge system is stored in the recharge well for standby.

8. A method for regulating the water environment for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation, using the water environment restoration system for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The control method includes the following steps: Excavate a seepage ditch along the natural terrain of the village, and arrange intelligent diversion devices along the way to detect the water flow rate, and set the maximum and minimum water flow rates. When the water volume reaches the maximum water volume, control the water flow rate by opening the diversion valve. When the water volume is lower than the minimum water flow rate, close the diversion valve to make the water flow on the main road; The water flowing out of the seepage ditch enters the three-dimensional wetland purification system and seeps into the wetland matrix through the honeycomb structure for purification. The upper-layer plant roots in the wetland matrix can preliminarily purify the pollutants in the water quality. The middle-layer pulsed aeration pipe network is driven by biogas to provide oxygen for microbial degradation. The bottom-layer zero-valent iron filler layer deeply removes heavy metals through the reduction effect of zero-valent iron. The unmanned aerial vehicle conducts inspections on the three-dimensional wetland purification system through the unmanned aerial vehicle inspection channel; The water source purified by the three-dimensional wetland purification system is softened and filtered through the subsurface infiltration recharge system, and the treated water is stored in the recharge well for standby; The cloud intelligent control system integrates the data sent by each system, predicts the changes in water volume and water quality in the traditional village through a prediction model, and issues adjustment instructions to each system in a timely manner.

9. The method for regulating water environment for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 8, characterized in that, The unmanned aerial vehicle inspection channel is set on the wetland matrix, and the inspection process of the unmanned aerial vehicle includes the following steps: Step S1: Based on the terrain characteristics of the wetland matrix, dynamically divide the wetland area through an edge computing device; Input data into the edge computing device, including the high-resolution remote sensing image and terrain data obtained by the pre-flight scanning of the unmanned aerial vehicle; The edge computing device conducts grid division, using an adaptive grid algorithm to divide the wetland matrix into smaller matrices according to the vegetation coverage rate and water depth; The edge computing device outputs the result to the unmanned aerial vehicle, generates an electronic map containing matrix coordinates, and uploads the electronic map to the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation system; Step S2: Path optimization of the inspection channel; Based on the central point coordinates of the matrix, an obstacle avoidance constraint is introduced to generate the optimal flight path of the UAV; The UAV navigation system receives the data of the optimal flight path planning in real time, combines with GPS for positioning, and generates the UAV flight path; Step S3: The UAV conducts data collection; The UAV conducts inspections according to the inspection channels planned by the UAV navigation system. The water depth is detected by the radar instrument carried on the UAV, the water surface height is calculated by receiving the reflected signal, and the vegetation coverage is photographed by the multispectral camera. The photographed images are transmitted to the system for analysis; The collected data is transmitted to the cloud intelligent control system for analysis and prediction; Let the collected data set be: ； Among them, are the collected data groups, is the number of data groups.

10. The method for regulating the water environment for protecting the original appearance of villages based on ecological microcirculation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The dynamic grid division in Step S1 includes the following: ； ； ； ； Among them, and are the dynamically adjusted dimensions of the sub-grid with coordinates in the coordinate axes and directions; and are the basic dimensions of the initial grid in the coordinate axes and directions; and are the weight coefficients of the vegetation coverage rate and the water surface depth, and , ; is the vegetation coverage rate of the sub-grid ; is the water surface depth of the sub-grid ; The specific content of Step S2 is as follows: The optimal path of the UAV from the starting point to the ending point needs to satisfy the shortest flight distance and the obstacle avoidance constraint. The formula is as follows: ； Among them, , is a discrete point sequence of the UAV flight path, is the coordinate of the th path point; is the coordinate of the th obstacle; is the obstacle avoidance penalty weight coefficient; is the total number of paths, is the total number of obstacles; The safety distance between the UAV path and all obstacles needs to meet the following conditions: ； Among them, is the minimum safety distance between the UAV and the obstacle; The specific content of Step S3 is as follows: Calculating the water surface height from the reflected signal of a radar : ； Among them, is the flight altitude of the drone, is the wave velocity of the radar instrument, is the time difference between the signal transmission and reception of the radar instrument; Calculate the vegetation coverage rate: ； Among them, is the reflectance in the near-infrared band, is the reflectance in the red light band, , The larger the value of, the denser the vegetation; Data transmission time: ； Among them, is the total size of the collected data, is the communication bandwidth, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

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