Farmland pest monitoring device and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to a farmland pest monitoring device and a monitoring method.The farmland pest monitoring device comprises a device frame, the device frame is provided with a bearing disc which is located on the lower side of a corresponding plant stem leaf and used for bearing pests falling from a plant, and the bearing disc is provided with a stem avoiding hole used for avoiding a corresponding plant stem; a rotating shaft with the rotating axis extending in the vertical direction is rotationally assembled on the device frame, the rotating shaft is driven by a rotating shaft motor, a knocking rod which is used for knocking the plant stalks and made of an elastic material is arranged on the rotating shaft, and a vertical rod which is vertically arranged is arranged on the bearing disc and located between the rotating shaft and the corresponding plant stalks; an energy storage stop lever capable of moving up and down is assembled at the upper end of the vertical rod through a spring and provided with a pushing inclined face facing the knocking rod. According to the farmland pest monitoring device and the monitoring method using the farmland pest monitoring device, the number of pests on plants can be obtained in a sampling mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pile foundation construction, and in particular to an extruded branch pile. Background Art

[0002] Wheat spider mites are a major pest that harms crops such as wheat, barley, and peas. The main symptoms of wheat damage are: yellow-white spots appear on the affected leaves, which then gradually turn into red patches, and the affected leaves partially or completely curl up and turn yellow or reddish brown. The plants grow poorly, the ears are small and the grains are light, the fruit set rate is reduced, and the yield decreases. In severe cases, the entire wheat plant will dry up, or even fail to produce any harvest.

[0003] Generally speaking, the peak period of wheat red spider mites is from mid-March to April each year. In order to reduce the impact of wheat red spider mites on wheat, operators need to monitor the density of wheat red spider mites in real time, choose appropriate prevention and control measures according to actual conditions, and select corresponding agriculture and concentration to kill pests.

[0004] Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the number of pests such as wheat red spider mites. In the existing technology, wheat red spider mites usually appear on the stems and leaves of plants. Due to the obstruction of the stems and leaves, it is not easy for operators to confirm the number of wheat red spider mites on a single plant. Therefore, it is impossible to accurately confirm the actual situation of the pests and give precise prevention and control measures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a farmland pest monitoring device capable of obtaining the number of pests on plants by sampling; the object of the present invention is also to provide a monitoring method using the farmland pest monitoring device.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of a farmland pest monitoring device in the present invention is as follows: A farmland pest monitoring device comprises a device frame, on which a receiving plate is arranged, located at the lower side of corresponding plant stems and leaves, for receiving pests fallen from the plants; the receiving plate is provided with stem avoidance holes for avoiding corresponding plant stems; a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted on the device frame, with the rotating axis extending in the up-down direction; the rotating shaft is driven by a rotating shaft motor; a knocking rod made of elastic material for knocking the plant stems is arranged on the rotating shaft; a vertically arranged vertical pole is arranged on the receiving plate between the rotating shaft and the corresponding plant stem; an energy storage baffle rod which can move up and down is mounted on the upper end of the vertical pole through a spring; the energy storage baffle rod has a top pushing inclined surface arranged to face the knocking rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the receiving tray includes a receiving tray bottom plate and receiving tray side plates arranged around the receiving tray bottom plate, and the receiving tray bottom plate is a conical structure with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion.

[0008] Further, the vertical rod is fixed to the upper side of the bottom plate of the receiving tray by screws. A plurality of vertical rod fixing structures are arranged on the bottom plate of the receiving tray at intervals in the circumferential direction. The vertical rod can be selectively fixed to the corresponding vertical rod fixing structure by screws.

[0009] Further, there are two knocking rods. The two knocking rods are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft. The two knocking rods are respectively used to knock the corresponding plant stems of two adjacent rows of plants.

[0010] Further, the device frame includes vertically arranged device legs. The rotating shaft is rotatably assembled at the upper end of the device legs. A rotating shaft sheath located outside the rotating shaft is fixed to the upper end of the device legs.

[0011] Further, a motor support is fixed on the rotating shaft sheath. The motor housing of the rotating shaft motor is fixed to the motor support. A motor shaft gear is arranged on the motor shaft of the rotating shaft motor. A rotating shaft gear engaged with the motor shaft gear is arranged on the rotating shaft.

[0012] Further, the receiving tray is jointly spliced by a middle receiving tray and a left receiving tray and a right receiving tray located on the left and right sides of the middle receiving tray. The stem avoidance holes are located between the left receiving tray and the middle receiving tray and between the right receiving tray and the middle receiving tray.

[0013] Further, there are a plurality of the stem avoidance holes between the left receiving tray and the middle receiving tray. The plurality of stem avoidance holes are arranged in sequence in the front-rear direction; there are a plurality of the stem avoidance holes between the right receiving tray and the middle receiving tray. The plurality of stem avoidance holes are arranged in sequence in the front-rear direction. Each passing through avoidance hole corresponds to at least one plant stem.

[0014] Further, a rubber disc or sponge is filled between the hole wall of the stem avoidance hole and the plant stem.

[0015] The technical solution of the monitoring method in the present invention is as follows: This method includes the following steps. First step, place the receiving tray under the corresponding plant stems and leaves. The stems of the plants pass through the stem avoidance holes on the receiving tray. Second step, the rotating shaft motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a speed of 1-5 revolutions per minute. During the rotation of the knocking rod with the rotating shaft, the knocking rod and the pushing inclined surface of the energy storage blocking rod are in pushing cooperation. The knocking rod generates elastic deformation energy storage. Under the pushing action of the knocking rod on the pushing inclined surface, the energy storage blocking rod moves towards the moving direction against the spring force until the pushing inclined surface moves to the lower side of the knocking rod. The elastic potential energy of the knocking rod is released to knock the corresponding plant stem, and the pests on the plant vibrate and fall into the receiving tray and are collected. Third step, after the rotating shaft motor works for 5-10 minutes, the staff checks the number of pests in the receiving tray.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, the pests in the farmland are monitored by the sampling inspection method. Specifically, some plants to be monitored are sampled, and the receiving tray is placed under these plants. The plant stems of the plants pass through the stem avoidance holes on the receiving tray. The basic working principle is to use the knocking rod to knock the plant stems, so that the pests on the plants fall into the receiving tray. Then, by observing the number of pests in the receiving tray, the number of pests on the plants can be determined, avoiding the influence of the obstruction of the leaves and stems on the screening of the number of pests. However, the technical difficulty in knocking the plant stems is that in order for the pests to fall smoothly, the knocking rod needs to have a relatively fast speed when knocking the plant stems. However, if the knocking rod continuously knocks the plant stems quickly, the knocking rod will form a shearing effect on the stems and damage the stems, just like a saw blade will saw off the stems. Therefore, in the present invention, an energy storage blocking rod is used. When the knocking rod pushes against the pushing slope of the energy storage blocking rod, the knocking rod undergoes elastic deformation and stores elastic energy. As the rotating shaft continues to rotate, the deformation of the knocking rod becomes larger and larger, and the downward acting force of the knocking rod on the pushing slope becomes larger and larger. The energy storage blocking rod overcomes the acting force of the spring and moves downward. When the entire energy storage blocking rod moves to the lower side of the knocking rod, the energy storage blocking rod no longer blocks the knocking rod, and the elastic potential energy of the knocking rod is released. This release of elastic potential energy can enable the knocking rod to quickly knock the plant stems and shake off the pests. However, the rotation speed of the knocking rod along with the rotating shaft is not fast, so it will not cause a cutting and damaging effect on the plant stems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] By reading the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will become readily understood. In the drawings, several embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in an exemplary rather than restrictive manner, and the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts, wherein: Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of part A in Figure 3 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of part B in Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation of the receiving tray, the knocking rod, and the plant stem in the top view direction of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the knocking rod and the pushing slope of the present invention; 1. Receiving tray; 2. Bottom plate of receiving tray; 3. Side plate of receiving tray; 4. Plant stalk; 5. Ground; 6. Device frame; 7. Device support leg; 8. Rotating shaft; 9. Rotating shaft sheath; 10. Rubber disc; 11. Stalk avoidance hole; 12. Vertical rod; 13. Energy storage stop rod; 14. Knocking rod; 15. Pushing inclined plane; 16. Spring; 17. Rotating shaft motor; 18. Motor support; 19. Motor shaft gear; 20. Rotating shaft gear; 21. Left receiving tray; 22. Middle receiving tray; 23. Right receiving tray; 24. Vertical rod fixing structure. Detailed implementation mode

[0018] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosed content of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.

[0019] It should be noted that unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this specification have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] An embodiment of a farmland pest monitoring device in the present invention is as Figures 1 to 5 shown: It includes a device frame, and a receiving tray 1 for receiving pests falling from plants is arranged on the device frame and located below the corresponding plant stems and leaves. A stalk avoidance hole 11 for avoiding the corresponding plant stalks is arranged on the receiving tray 1. In this embodiment, the device frame includes vertically arranged device support legs 7. The receiving tray includes a bottom plate 2 of the receiving tray fixed to the upper end of the device support leg. The receiving tray also includes side plates 3 of the receiving tray arranged around the receiving tray. The bottom plate 2 of the receiving tray is a conical structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part.

[0021] The receiving tray is jointly spliced by a middle receiving tray 22 and a left receiving tray 21 and a right receiving tray 23 located on the left and right sides of the middle receiving tray 22. The stalk avoidance hole 11 is located between the left receiving tray and the middle receiving tray and between the right receiving tray and the middle receiving tray. The left receiving tray and the middle receiving tray are detachably connected by bolts (or plug-in structures); the right receiving tray and the middle receiving tray are detachably connected by bolts (or plug-in structures).

[0022] There are multiple stem avoidance holes 11 between the left receiving plate and the middle receiving plate, and the multiple stem avoidance holes are arranged in sequence along the front-to-back direction; there are multiple stem avoidance holes between the right receiving plate and the middle receiving plate, and the multiple stem avoidance holes are arranged in sequence along the front-to-back direction, each stem avoidance hole corresponds to at least one plant stem 4, and the size of the stem avoidance hole 11 is larger than the size of the corresponding plant stem. Two semi-annular rubber discs 10 (or sponges) are filled between the hole wall of the stem avoidance hole and the plant stem. The rubber disc is used to block the gap between the stem avoidance hole and the plant stem to prevent pests from falling to the ground through the gap. At the same time, the rubber disc has a certain elasticity, which does not affect the vibration of the plant stem and also has a certain buffering and protective effect on the plant stem.

[0023] During specific use, in order to avoid the influence of non-sampled plants on the receiving tray, the plants outside the stem avoidance holes and outside the receiving tray can be removed first.

[0024] The upper end of the device leg is rotatably equipped with a rotating shaft 8 whose rotating axis extends in the up-down direction. The rotating shaft 8 is driven by a rotating shaft motor 17. A knocking rod 14 made of elastic material for knocking the plant stems is arranged on the rotating shaft. The knocking rod 14 is preferably made of plastic material. A vertically arranged vertical rod 12 is arranged between the rotating shaft and the corresponding plant stem on the receiving plate 1. The upper end of the vertical rod 12 is equipped with an energy storage blocking rod 13 that can move up and down through a spring 16. The energy storage blocking rod 13 has a top push inclined surface 15 arranged to face the knocking rod. The spring 16 is a vertically arranged compression spring.

[0025] In this embodiment, a rotating shaft sleeve 9 located on the periphery of the rotating shaft is fixed to the upper end of the device leg 7. The rotating shaft sleeve is used to prevent pests from entering the rotating matching part between the rotating shaft and the device bracket. If the pests enter the rotating matching part between the rotating shaft and the device bracket, the pests will be crushed, affecting the subsequent observation of the number of pests.

[0026] At the same time, the rotating shaft sleeve 9 provides a mounting base for the rotating shaft motor 17, a motor support 18 is fixed on the rotating shaft sleeve, the motor housing of the rotating shaft motor 17 is fixed on the motor support 18, a motor shaft gear 19 is arranged on the motor shaft of the rotating shaft motor, and a rotating shaft gear 20 is arranged on the rotating shaft 8 to engage with the motor shaft gear 19. In this embodiment, the rotating shaft motor is a servo motor (or a stepping motor), and the rotating shaft motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a speed of 1 to 5 revolutions per minute. Preferably, the rotating shaft motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a speed of 2 revolutions per minute.

[0027] In this embodiment, there are two knocking rods 14, which are evenly spaced along the circumference of the rotating shaft. The two knocking rods are respectively used to knock the corresponding plant stems 4 of two adjacent rows of plants. There are also two corresponding vertical poles 12, which are respectively used in conjunction with each knocking rod.

[0028] The vertical rod is fixed to the upper side of the bottom plate of the receiving tray through screws. A plurality of vertical rod fixing structures 24 are arranged on the bottom plate of the receiving tray at intervals in the circumferential direction. The vertical rod can be selectively fixed to the corresponding vertical rod fixing structure 24 through screws. By changing the circumferential position of the vertical rod, the elastic deformation amplitude of the knocking rod can be changed, thereby changing the knocking force of the knocking rod on the plant stalk, so as to adapt to the knocking of different plants. Figure 4 From this perspective, the farther the vertical rod is from the corresponding plant stalk, the greater the elastic deformation ability the knocking rod can obtain, and the greater the knocking force can be obtained.

[0029] When the knocking rod rotates with the rotating shaft, the end of the knocking rod away from the rotating shaft will be blocked by the pushing inclined surface 15 on the energy storage blocking rod. As the rotating shaft 8 continues to rotate, the knocking rod 14 will produce elastic deformation and generate elastic potential energy. At the same time, the knocking rod 14 will also generate a downward acting component force on the energy storage blocking rod through the pushing inclined surface 15. As the rotating shaft 8 continues to rotate, the downward acting force of the knocking rod 14 on the energy storage blocking rod 13 continues to increase, and the energy storage blocking rod will move downward against the acting force of the spring. When the energy storage blocking rod moves to the lower side of the knocking rod, the energy storage blocking rod will no longer block the knocking rod, and the elastic potential energy of the knocking rod will be released, thereby realizing the knocking of the corresponding plant stalk.

[0030] The pests on the plant will fall onto the receiving tray 1 under the knocking action and be collected. The staff can accurately obtain the number of pests on the corresponding plants, so as to evaluate the pest situation of the entire field.

[0031] An embodiment of a monitoring method of a farmland pest monitoring device using the above-mentioned farmland pest monitoring device in the present invention: First step, place the receiving tray under the corresponding plant stems and leaves, and the plant stalks pass through the stalk avoidance holes on the receiving tray; second step, the rotating shaft motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a speed of 1-5 revolutions per minute. During the rotation of the knocking rod with the rotating shaft, the knocking rod is in pushing cooperation with the pushing inclined surface of the energy storage blocking rod, and the knocking rod generates elastic deformation and stores energy. Under the pushing action of the knocking rod, the energy storage blocking rod moves against the acting force of the spring until the pushing inclined surface moves to the lower side of the knocking rod, and the elastic potential energy of the knocking rod is released to knock the corresponding plant stalk, and the pests on the plant fall onto the receiving tray and are collected; third step, after the rotating shaft motor works for 5-10 minutes, the staff checks the number of pests in the receiving tray.

[0032] In the above description of this specification, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "fix", "install", "connect" or "couple" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, for the term "connect", it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Therefore, unless otherwise clearly defined in this specification, those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific circumstances.

[0033] According to the above description of this specification, those skilled in the art can also understand the terms used as follows. For example, terms indicating orientation or position relationship such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "length", "width", "thickness", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "clockwise" or "counterclockwise" are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings of this specification. It is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the solution of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than explicitly or implicitly indicating that the device or element involved must have the specific orientation, be constructed and operate in the specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms of orientation or position relationship cannot be understood or interpreted as a limitation to the solution of the present invention.

[0034] In addition, terms such as "first" or "second" used in this specification to refer to numbers or ordinals are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as explicitly or implicitly indicating relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of this specification, the meaning of "a plurality" is at least two, such as two, three or more, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A farmland pest monitoring device, characterized in that: It includes a device rack, on which there is a receiving tray for receiving pests falling from the corresponding plants under the stems and leaves of the plants. There is a stem avoidance hole on the receiving tray for avoiding the corresponding plant stems. A rotating shaft with a rotation axis extending in the vertical direction is rotatably assembled on the device rack. The rotating shaft is driven by a rotating shaft motor. There is a knocking rod made of an elastic material for knocking the plant stems on the rotating shaft. On the receiving tray, between the rotating shaft and the corresponding plant stems, there is a vertically arranged upright rod. The upper end of the upright rod is equipped with an energy storage blocking rod that can move up and down through a spring. The energy storage blocking rod has a pushing inclined surface facing the knocking rod.

2. The farmland pest monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein: The receiving tray includes a receiving tray bottom plate and receiving tray side plates arranged around the receiving tray bottom plate. The receiving tray bottom plate is a conical structure with a larger upper part and a smaller lower part.

3. The farmland pest monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upright rod is fixed to the upper side of the receiving tray bottom plate by screws. There are multiple upright rod fixing structures arranged at intervals along the circumference on the receiving tray bottom plate. The upright rod can be selectively fixed to the corresponding upright rod fixing structure by screws.

4. The farmland pest monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: There are two knocking rods, and the two knocking rods are evenly spaced along the circumference of the rotating shaft. The two knocking rods are respectively used for knocking the corresponding plant stems of two adjacent rows of plants.

5. The farmland pest monitoring device according to claim 4, wherein: The device rack includes vertically arranged device legs. The rotating shaft is rotatably assembled at the upper end of the device legs. A rotating shaft sheath is fixed to the upper end of the device legs and located outside the rotating shaft.

6. The farmland pest monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein: A motor support is fixed on the rotating shaft sheath. The motor housing of the rotating shaft motor is fixed to the motor support. There is a motor shaft gear on the motor shaft of the rotating shaft motor, and there is a rotating shaft gear on the rotating shaft that meshes and drives with the motor shaft gear.

7. The farmland pest monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The receiving tray is jointly spliced by a middle receiving tray, a left receiving tray and a right receiving tray located on the left and right sides of the middle receiving tray. The stem avoidance holes are located between the left receiving tray and the middle receiving tray and between the right receiving tray and the middle receiving tray.

8. The farmland pest monitoring device according to claim 7, wherein: There are multiple stem avoidance holes between the left receiving tray and the middle receiving tray, and the multiple stem avoidance holes are arranged in sequence in the front-rear direction; there are multiple stem avoidance holes between the right receiving tray and the middle receiving tray, and the multiple stem avoidance holes are arranged in sequence in the front-rear direction. Each passing avoidance hole corresponds to at least one plant stem.

9. The farmland pest monitoring device according to claim 8, wherein, The hole wall of the stem avoidance hole and the plant stem are filled with a rubber disc or sponge.

10. A monitoring method using the farmland pest monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: This method includes the following steps. First step, place the receiving tray under the stems and leaves of the corresponding plants, and the plant stems pass through the stem avoidance holes on the receiving tray. Second step, the rotating shaft motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a speed of 1 - 5 revolutions per minute. During the rotation of the knocking rod with the rotating shaft, the knocking rod and the pushing inclined surface of the energy storage blocking rod are in pushing cooperation. The knocking rod generates elastic deformation energy storage. Under the pushing action of the knocking rod on the pushing inclined surface, the energy storage blocking rod moves against the spring force until the pushing inclined surface moves to the lower side of the knocking rod. The elastic potential energy of the knocking rod is released to knock the corresponding plant stems, and the pests on the plants vibrate and fall into the receiving tray to be collected. Third step, after the rotating shaft motor works for 5 - 10 minutes, the staff checks the number of pests in the receiving tray.

Images