Pest and disease monitoring equipment suitable for soilless culture of potatoes

Abstract

The invention discloses a disease and insect pest monitoring device suitable for potato soilless culture, and relates to the technical field of disease and insect pest monitoring, the disease and insect pest monitoring device structurally comprises an insect luring assembly and an insect separating assembly connected to one side of the top of the insect luring assembly, the insect luring assembly comprises an insect luring box, an LED insect luring lamp, a collecting assembly and the like, and the insect separating assembly comprises a transparent insect separating plate, an insect separating channel and an insect separating wheel; wiping cleaning assemblies are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect separating plate; a monitoring assembly and an air injection cleaning assembly are arranged above a corresponding area of the insect separating cavity; a camera of the monitoring assembly reciprocates to shoot pests in the pest separating cavity, and accurate recognition is facilitated; the wiping and cleaning assembly wipes and cleans the transparent insect separating plate, the light transmission is enhanced, the shooting recognition accuracy is improved, the insect separating wheel and the height limiting plate are matched to separate the distance of the insects, the distance is increased, the recognition accuracy is improved, the air injection cleaning assembly sprays high-speed airflow to clean the insect separating channel, and the residual of the insects is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pest and disease monitoring, and in particular to a pest and disease monitoring device suitable for soilless cultivation of potatoes. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern agricultural technology, soilless cultivation of potatoes has gradually become the mainstream planting method due to its characteristics of high efficiency and land saving. Since the soilless cultivation system relies on the cyclic supply of nutrient solution, pests and diseases are easily spread rapidly through the water and fertilizer system. It is difficult for traditional manual inspections to achieve all-weather real-time monitoring. The early detection and accurate identification of minor pests have become the core challenges for ensuring yield, which is of decisive significance for maintaining the ecological balance of the closed cultivation environment.

[0003] In the prior art, the patent CN202410624152.2 proposed a plant pest and disease monitoring device integrating flight detection and image recognition. This device controls the lifting of the base by driving a flying ball through a traction mechanism, uses an insect attracting lamp and an electric grid to trap and kill insect bodies, a closing mechanism transfers the insect corpses to the surface of a paving mechanism at regular intervals, and a mobile camera collector conducts image analysis. Its innovation lies in achieving an extended dynamic monitoring area through the cooperation of multiple mechanisms, constructing a pest prediction model by accumulating time-series data, and significantly improving the detection coverage rate and timeliness compared with traditional fixed monitoring devices. The synergistic effect of the jet component and natural wind makes the flight trajectory closer to the actual distribution characteristics of the insect swarm, and the introduction of a speed regulation box optimizes the linkage efficiency of the mechanism in different environments.

[0004] However, this device still has certain limitations when applied to the soilless cultivation scenario of potatoes. Since the volume of mosquitoes in the soilless cultivation environment is generally small, during the vibration process of the paving mechanism, the insect corpses are easily damaged. At the same time, it is difficult to achieve a single-layer distribution of insect bodies during the vibration spreading process of the paving mechanism. The superimposed insect corpses cause the camera collector to be unable to accurately identify the individual morphological characteristics, resulting in inaccurate and incomplete identification of pests and diseases. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical defects existing in the background art, the present invention proposes a pest and disease monitoring device suitable for soilless cultivation of potatoes. In order to further solve the above technical problems and meet the actual needs, the specific technical solutions are as follows: A pest monitoring device suitable for soilless cultivation of potatoes comprises an insect trap component and an insect separator component connected to one side of the top of the insect trap component, the insect trap component comprises an insect trap box, an LED insect trap lamp arranged in the insect trap box, a collecting component connected to the bottom of the insect trap box, and a transparent protective cover arranged outside the LED insect trap lamp, the insect separator component comprises a transparent insect separator plate arranged at one side of the top of the insect trap box and connected to the insect trap box, a plurality of insect separator channels arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the transparent insect separator plate, and an insect separator wheel arranged in the insect separator channel, the insect separator channel comprises an inlet cavity, a shuttle-shaped insect collecting cavity, and an insect separator cavity arranged in sequence from right to left along the width direction of the transparent insect separator plate, the insect separator wheel is correspondingly arranged in each insect separator cavity, the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect separator plate are provided with a wiping cleaning component, the transparent insect separator plate is provided with a monitoring component connected to the top of the insect trap box above the corresponding area of the insect separator cavity, the transparent insect separator plate is provided with an air jet cleaning component, and the air jet cleaning component is correspondingly provided with an air jet nozzle inclined toward the direction of the insect trap box at the connection between each of the inlet cavity and the insect collecting cavity.

[0006] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the collecting assembly includes an outer shell connected to the bottom of the insect trap box, an insect collecting plate arranged horizontally inside the outer shell, a push rod arranged on the surface of the insect collecting plate, a first rotating shaft connected to the push rod, a first motor arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the outer shell and connected to the first rotating shaft, an insect collecting box arranged in the outer shell and located below one side of the insect collecting plate, the insect collecting plate is provided with a transfer port corresponding to the upper part of the insect collecting box, the outer shell is provided with a pull-out groove on the side close to the transfer port, and the insect collecting box can be pulled out through the pull-out groove and is arranged below the transfer port.

[0007] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the surface of the insect-separating wheel is provided with insect-separating plates distributed in rotational symmetry, and an insect-separating space is formed between adjacent insect-separating plates. The insect-separating wheel is provided with a second rotating shaft running through the transparent insect-separating plates. The insect-separating wheels correspondingly arranged in the insect-separating cavity are distributed in a straight line and are connected by the same second rotating shaft. The second rotating shaft is provided with a second motor transmission-connected to the second rotating shaft on the side surface of one side of the transparent insect-separating plate.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the insect separating wheel is provided with a height limiting plate connected to the inner wall of the insect separating cavity on the side away from the insect attractant box. The height limiting plate lowers the passable height of the insect separating wheel on the side away from the insect attractant box in the insect separating cavity, so that the pests move one by one in a single row under the height limiting plate. The sizes of the insect separating cavity and the entrance cavity are designed according to the body shape of the pests. The insect separating cavity allows a single row of pests to pass through, and the entrance cavity allows a single pest to pass through.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the monitoring component includes a mounting rack symmetrically arranged above the transparent insect-sorting plate and connected to the top of the insect-trapping box, a first lead screw arranged along the length direction of the transparent insect-sorting plate and rotatably mounted at both ends on the mounting rack, a first threaded sleeve threadedly sleeved outside the first lead screw, a camera mounted on the lower surface of the first threaded sleeve, and a third motor drivingly connected to one end of the first lead screw.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the wiping and cleaning component includes fixing plates symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate, cleaning sponges arranged on one side of the fixing plates close to the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate, a connecting plate symmetrically arranged between the ends of one end of the fixing plates and connected to the upper and lower fixing plates, a second threaded sleeve penetrating through the middle of the connecting plate, second lead screws symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transparent insect-sorting plate and sleeved inside the corresponding second threaded sleeves, fixing frames correspondingly arranged at both ends of the second lead screws and connected to the side surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate, and a fourth motor drivingly connected to one end of the second lead screw. The second lead screws are symmetrically mounted on the side surfaces at both ends of the transparent insect-sorting plate in the length direction through the fixing frames.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the jet cleaning component further includes an air pump arranged on the top of the insect-trapping box, an air delivery pipe for connecting the air pump and each jet nozzle, and a diaphragm arranged inside the air outlet end of the jet nozzle.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The camera of the monitoring component of the present invention can reciprocally move to photograph pests in the insect-sorting cavity, which is conducive to comprehensive and accurate identification. The wiping and cleaning component can wipe and clean the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate, enhance its light transmittance, and improve the accuracy of the camera in photographing and identifying pests. The insect-sorting wheel and the height-limiting plate in the insect-sorting cavity cooperate to space the pests apart, increasing the distance between pests and further improving the accuracy of the pest photographing and identification results. The jet nozzles of the jet cleaning component eject high-speed airflows, which can blow the pests in the insect-sorting channel into the insect-trapping box, realizing effective cleaning of the insect-sorting channel and avoiding pest residues from affecting subsequent monitoring. The collecting tray of the collecting component can transfer the pests to the collecting box, and the collecting box can be pulled out, facilitating the collection and treatment of pests. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the internal mechanism of the insect-sorting component of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wiping and cleaning component of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collecting component of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 One of the internal mechanism sectional views of the insect-sorting channel of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 Another internal mechanism sectional view of the insect-sorting channel of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the membrane flap structure of the present invention.

[0020] Reference numerals: 1 - Insect attracting assembly; 11 - LED insect attracting lamp; 12 - Transparent protective cover; 13 - Insect attracting box; 14 - Collection assembly; 141 - Outer shell; 142 - Insect collection tray; 143 - Transfer port; 144 - Insect collection box; 145 - First motor; 156 - Push rod; 157 - First rotating shaft; 2 - Insect sorting assembly; 21 - Transparent insect sorting plate; 22 - Insect sorting channel; 221 - Inlet cavity; 222 - Insect collection cavity; 223 - Insect sorting cavity; 23 - Height limiting plate; 24 - Insect sorting wheel; 25 - Second rotating shaft; 26 - Second motor; 27 - Insect sorting partition; 3 - Monitoring assembly; 31 - Mounting frame; 32 - First lead screw; 33 - Third motor; 34 - First threaded sleeve; 35 - Camera; 4 - Wiping and cleaning assembly; 41 - Fixed plate; 42 - Connecting plate; 43 - Second threaded sleeve; 44 - Second lead screw; 45 - Fourth motor; 46 - Fixed frame; 47 - Cleaning sponge; 5 - Jet cleaning assembly; 51 - Air pump; 52 - Air delivery pipe; 53 - Jet nozzle; 54 - Membrane flap. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] As Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a technical solution: a pest monitoring device suitable for soilless cultivation of potatoes, including an insect attracting component 1 and a pest separating component 2 connected to one side of the top of the insect attracting component 1. The insect attracting component 1 includes an insect attracting box 13, an LED insect attracting lamp 11 arranged in the insect attracting box 13, a collecting component 14 connected to the bottom of the insect attracting box 13, and a transparent protective cover 12 arranged outside the LED insect attracting lamp 11. The pest separating component 2 includes a transparent pest separating plate 21 arranged at one side of the top of the insect attracting box 13 and communicating with the insect attracting box 13, a plurality of pest separating channels 22 arranged at equal distances along the length direction of the transparent pest separating plate 21, and pest separating wheels 24 arranged in the pest separating channels 22. The pest separating channels 22 include an inlet cavity 221 arranged in sequence from right to left along the width direction of the transparent pest separating plate 21, a spindle-shaped insect collecting cavity 222, and a pest separating cavity 223. The pest separating wheels 24 are correspondingly arranged in each pest separating cavity 223. A wiping and cleaning component 4 is arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent pest separating plate 21. A monitoring component 3 connected to the top of the insect attracting box 13 is arranged above the corresponding area of the transparent pest separating plate 21 in the pest separating cavity 223. The transparent pest separating plate 21 is provided with a jet cleaning component 5. The jet cleaning component 5 is correspondingly provided with jet nozzles 53 inclined towards the insect attracting box 13 at the connection of each inlet cavity 221 and the insect collecting cavity 222.

[0022] The present invention has a good effect in improving the accuracy of pest identification, and its principle lies in the coordinated work of multiple components. Specifically, the LED insect attracting lamp 11 in the insect attracting component 1 attracts pests into the insect attracting box 13, and the transparent protective cover 12 protects the insect attracting lamp from external interference. Subsequently, the pests enter the pest separating channels 22 through the transparent pest separating plate 21 in the pest separating component 2. The inlet cavity 221 of the pest separating channels 22 is designed to allow only a single pest to pass through, initially ensuring that pests do not stack. Then the pests enter the spindle-shaped insect collecting cavity 222 to converge and then enter the pest separating cavity 223. In the pest separating cavity 223, the pest separating partitions 27 on the surface of the pest separating wheels 24 rotate, separating the pests into the pest separating spaces formed between adjacent pest separating partitions 27 to achieve the distance separation of pests. At the same time, the height limiting plate 23 reduces the passable height on the side of the pest separating wheel 24 away from the insect attracting box 13 in the pest separating cavity 223, so that the pests move one by one in a single row under the height limiting plate 23, further increasing the distance between pests and avoiding pest overlap, providing good conditions for subsequent pest identification. At this time, the camera 35 in the monitoring component 3 located above the corresponding area of the pest separating cavity 223 can reciprocate along the first lead screw 32 to comprehensively photograph the pests in the pest separating cavity 223. This moving shooting method can obtain multi-angle images of the pests, which is more conducive to comprehensively and accurately identifying pests.

[0023] Meanwhile, the wiping and cleaning assembly 4 arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect separating plate 21 drives the second lead screw 44 to rotate through the fourth motor 45, driving the second threaded sleeve 43, the connecting plate 42 and the fixing plate 41 to move, so that the cleaning sponge 47 wipes and cleans the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect separating plate 21, effectively enhancing its light transmittance, reducing light interference caused by surface stains or water vapor, etc., and improving the accuracy of the camera 35 in photographing and identifying pests. Moreover, the jet cleaning assembly 5 is provided with a jet nozzle 53 inclined towards the insect attracting box 13 at the connection of each insect inlet cavity 221 and the insect collecting cavity 222. The air pump 51 provides a high-speed air flow, which is transported to the jet nozzle 53 through the air delivery pipe 52. The jet nozzle 53 ejects a high-speed air flow to blow the pests that may remain in the insect separating channel 22 into the insect attracting box 13, realizing the effective cleaning of the insect separating channel 22 and avoiding the influence of remaining pests on the identification of pests during subsequent monitoring.

[0024] In addition, in the collecting assembly 14, the first motor 145 drives the first rotating shaft 157 to drive the push rod 156 to rotate, and then the insect collecting tray 142 rotates. When the transfer opening 143 on the insect collecting tray 142 rotates above the insect collecting box 144, the pests can fall into the insect collecting box 144, and the insect collecting box 144 can be pulled out through the pull-out groove, which is convenient for collecting and processing pests, and indirectly ensures the stability of the monitoring environment, contributing to continuously and accurately identifying pests. In summary, through the collaborative action of multiple components, the present invention provides a strong guarantee for improving the accuracy of pest identification in each link from the introduction, separation, photographing, cleaning to collection of pests.

[0025] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, as one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the collecting assembly 14 includes a housing 141 communicated with the bottom of the insect attracting box 13, an insect collecting tray 142 horizontally arranged inside the housing 141, a push rod 156 arranged on the surface of the insect collecting tray 142, a first rotating shaft 157 connected to the push rod 156, a first motor 145 arranged at the bottom outside the housing 141 and connected to the first rotating shaft 157, an insect collecting box 144 arranged inside the housing 141 and below one side of the insect collecting tray 142. The insect collecting tray 142 is correspondingly provided with a transfer opening 143 above the insect collecting box 144. The housing 141 is provided with a pull-out groove on one side close to the transfer opening 143. The insect collecting box 144 is arranged below the transfer opening 143 in a pull-out manner through the pull-out groove.

[0026] In the above structure, the collecting assembly 14 is composed of a shell 141 connected to the bottom of the insect trap box 13, an insect collecting plate 142 arranged transversely inside the shell 141, and other parts. When the pests are attracted by the insect trap assembly 1 and enter the insect trap box 13, they will fall on the insect collecting plate 142. The first motor 145 drives the first rotating shaft 157 to rotate, thereby driving the push rod 156 to rotate, so that the insect collecting plate 142 rotates accordingly. When the transfer port 143 on the insect collecting plate 142 rotates to the top of the insect collecting box 144, the pests on the insect collecting plate 142 can fall into the insect collecting box 144 through the transfer port 143, thereby realizing effective collection of the pests.

[0027] The outer shell 141 is provided with a pull-out groove on one side near the transfer port 143, so that the insect collecting box 144 can be easily taken out or put in from under the transfer port 143 by pulling. This design facilitates the user to operate the insect collecting box 144, whether it is regularly cleaning the pests in the insect collecting box 144 or maintaining or replacing the insect collecting box 144.

[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, as one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the surface of the insect-separating wheel 24 is provided with rotationally symmetrically distributed insect-separating partitions 27, and an insect-separating space is formed between adjacent insect-separating partitions 27. The insect-separating wheel 24 is provided with a second rotating shaft 25 penetrating through the transparent insect-separating plate 21, and the insect-separating wheels 24 correspondingly arranged in the insect-separating cavity 223 are distributed in a straight line and are connected by the same second rotating shaft 25. The second rotating shaft 25 is provided with a second motor 26 that is transmission-connected to the second rotating shaft 25 on the side surface of one side of the transparent insect-separating plate 21.

[0029] In the above structure, the insect separating partitions 27 are arranged on the surface of the insect separating wheel 24 in a rotationally symmetrical distribution, and insect separating spaces are formed between adjacent insect separating partitions 27. When the insect separating wheel 24 rotates, the pests will be driven by the insect separating partitions 27 and separated into different insect separating spaces, thereby achieving the separation of the pests.

[0030] The insect-splitting wheel 24 is arranged in the transparent insect-splitting plate 21 through the second rotating shaft 25, and the insect-splitting wheels 24 correspondingly arranged in the insect-splitting chamber 223 are distributed in a straight line and connected through the same second rotating shaft 25. This structure enables the insect-splitting wheel 24 to work stably. The second motor 26 is connected to the second rotating shaft 25 for providing power for the rotation of the insect-splitting wheel 24. Through the rotation of the insect-splitting wheel 24, the distance between the pests can be increased to avoid the accumulation of pests, which provides favorable conditions for the camera 35 of the subsequent monitoring component 3 to shoot the individual morphological characteristics of the pests, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the identification of pests and diseases, and helping to timely discover and deal with pests and diseases in potato soilless cultivation.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, as one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, a height limiting plate 23 connected to the inner wall of the insect separating cavity 223 is provided on one side of the insect separating wheel 24 away from the insect attracting box 13. The height limiting plate 23 reduces the passing height of the side of the insect separating wheel 24 away from the insect attracting box 13 within the insect separating cavity 223, causing pests to move one by one in a single column below the height limiting plate 23. The sizes of the insect separating cavity 223 and the inlet cavity 221 are designed according to the body sizes of pests. The insect separating cavity 223 allows single-column pests to pass through, and the inlet cavity 221 allows a single pest to pass through.

[0032] In the above structure, the height limiting plate 23 provided on the side of the insect separating wheel 24 away from the insect attracting box 13 and connected to the inner wall of the insect separating cavity 223 reduces the passing height of this side of the insect separating wheel 24, enabling pests to move one by one only in a single column below the height limiting plate 23. At the same time, the sizes of the insect separating cavity 223 and the inlet cavity 221 are designed according to the body sizes of pests. The insect separating cavity 223 only allows single-column pests to pass through, and the inlet cavity 221 only allows a single pest to pass through, thereby effectively achieving a preliminary distance separation for pests, preventing pests from gathering and overlapping, and keeping a proper distance between pests. This not only provides good conditions for the camera 35 of the subsequent monitoring component 3 to capture the individual morphological characteristics of pests, ensuring that the camera 35 can clearly and accurately capture each pest, thus greatly improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of pest and disease identification, helping to promptly discover pest and disease problems in the soilless potato cultivation environment, and then taking effective prevention and control measures.

[0033] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, as one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring component 3 includes a mounting frame 31 symmetrically arranged above the transparent insect separating plate 21 and connected to the top of the insect attracting box 13, a first lead screw 32 arranged along the length direction of the transparent insect separating plate 21 and rotatably mounted at both ends on the mounting frame 31, a first threaded sleeve 34 threadedly sleeved outside the first lead screw 32, and a camera 35 mounted on the lower surface of the first threaded sleeve 34. One end of the first lead screw 32 is drivingly connected to a third motor 33.

[0034] In the above structure, the mounting brackets 31 are symmetrically arranged above the transparent insect-sorting plate 21 and connected to the top of the insect-trapping box 13, providing a stable support foundation for the entire monitoring assembly 3. The first lead screw 32 is arranged along the length direction of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21, and both ends are rotatably mounted on the mounting brackets 31, and its rotation is driven by a third motor 33 connected by transmission at one end. The first threaded sleeve 34 is threadedly sleeved outside the first lead screw 32. As the first lead screw 32 rotates, the first threaded sleeve 34 can reciprocate along the first lead screw 32. The camera 35 is mounted on the lower surface of the first threaded sleeve 34. In this way, the camera 35 can reciprocate along the length direction of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21 under the drive of the first threaded sleeve 34, so that the camera 35 can comprehensively photograph the pests in the insect-sorting cavity 223, avoiding the shooting dead angles that may occur in fixed-position shooting, and thus being able to more accurately obtain information such as the morphological characteristics of the pests, which is beneficial to the subsequent precise identification of plant diseases and insect pests and provides strong support for ensuring the yield and quality of soilless potato cultivation.

[0035] As Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, as one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the wiping and cleaning assembly 4 includes fixing plates 41 symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21, cleaning sponges 47 arranged on one side of the fixing plates 41 close to the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21, connecting plates 42 symmetrically arranged between the ends of one end of the fixing plates 41 and connected to the upper and lower fixing plates 41, a second threaded sleeve 43 penetrating through the middle of the connecting plate 42, second lead screws 44 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21 and sleeved inside the corresponding second threaded sleeves 43, fixing frames 46 correspondingly arranged at both ends of the second lead screws 44 and connected to the side surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21, and a fourth motor 45 connected by transmission to one end of the second lead screw 44. The second lead screws 44 are symmetrically mounted on the side surfaces at both ends of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21 along the length direction through the fixing frames 46.

[0036] In the above structure, the fixing plates 41 of the wiping and cleaning assembly 4 are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21, and the cleaning sponges 47 are arranged on one side of the fixing plates 41 close to the transparent insect-sorting plate 21. When the assembly operates, the cleaning sponges 47 can directly contact the surface of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21 to achieve wiping of the surface of the transparent insect-sorting plate 21. The connecting plates 42 are symmetrically arranged between the ends of one end of the fixing plates 41, connecting the upper and lower fixing plates 41 to form an integral structure, ensuring the consistency and stability of the wiping action.

[0037] The second threaded sleeve 43 that runs through the middle of the connecting plate 42 cooperates with the second screw rod 44 that is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transparent insect-separating plate 21 and sleeved inside the corresponding second threaded sleeve 43. The second screw rod 44 is symmetrically installed on the side surfaces at both ends of the length direction of the transparent insect-separating plate 21 through a fixing frame 46, and the fourth motor 45 that is transmission-connected to one end of the second screw rod 44 provides power. When the fourth motor 45 is started, it drives the second screw rod 44 to rotate, and then the second threaded sleeve 43 drives the entire wiping and cleaning component 4 to move along the second screw rod 44, so as to achieve comprehensive wiping and cleaning of the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-separating plate 21, enhance its light transmittance, provide a clear environment for the camera 35 of the monitoring component 3 to shoot and identify pests, and improve the accuracy of shooting and identifying pests.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, as one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, the jet cleaning assembly 5 also includes an air pump 51 arranged on the top of the insect attractant box 13, an air supply pipe 52 for connecting the air pump 51 and each air nozzle 53, and a membrane flap 54 is arranged inside the air outlet end of the air nozzle 53.

[0039] In the above structure, the air pump 51 is arranged on the top of the insect attracting box 13, and serves as a power source for generating airflow to provide the required airflow for the entire jet cleaning process. The air supply pipe 52 is used to connect the air pump 51 and each air nozzle 53, and plays the role of transmitting airflow, ensuring that the airflow generated by the air pump 51 can smoothly reach each air nozzle 53. A membrane flap 54 is arranged inside the air outlet end of the air nozzle 53, and the membrane flap 54 can control the ejection state of the airflow to a certain extent, so that the air nozzle 53 ejects a high-speed airflow. By utilizing this high-speed airflow, the pests in the insect separation channel 22 can be blown into the insect attracting box 13, so as to achieve effective cleaning of the insect separation channel 22, avoid pests from remaining in the insect separation channel 22, and prevent residual pests from interfering with subsequent monitoring work, so as to ensure that the monitoring equipment can operate continuously and accurately, thereby improving the monitoring effect of pests and diseases in the soilless cultivation environment of potatoes.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pest and disease monitoring device suitable for soilless cultivation of potatoes, comprising an insect attracting component (1) and a worm separating component (2) connected to one side at the top of the insect attracting component (1), characterized in that: The insect attracting assembly (1) comprises an insect attracting box (13), an LED insect attracting lamp (11) arranged in the insect attracting box (13), a collecting assembly (14) connected to the bottom of the insect attracting box (13), and a transparent protective cover (12) arranged outside the LED insect attracting lamp (11); the insect separating assembly (2) comprises a transparent insect separating plate (21) arranged at a side position on the top of the insect attracting box (13) and connected to the insect attracting box (13), a plurality of insect separating channels (22) arranged equidistantly along the length direction of the transparent insect separating plate (21), and an insect separating wheel (24) arranged in the insect separating channel (22); the insect separating channel (22) comprises a plurality of insect separating wheels (24) arranged in sequence from right to left along the width direction of the transparent insect separating plate (21). The transparent insect-separating plate (21) is provided with a wiping cleaning assembly (4) on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent insect-separating plate (21); a monitoring assembly (3) connected to the top of an insect trap (13) is provided on the transparent insect-separating plate (21) above a corresponding area of the insect-separating cavity (223); the transparent insect-separating plate (21) is provided with an air jet cleaning assembly (5); and the air jet cleaning assembly (5) is provided with an air jet nozzle (53) inclined toward the direction of the insect trap (13) at a corresponding connection between each of the inlet cavity (221) and the insect-collecting cavity (222).

2. The pest and disease monitoring device applicable to soilless cultivation of potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting assembly (14) comprises a shell (141) connected to the bottom of the insect trap (13), an insect collecting plate (142) arranged transversely inside the shell (141), a push rod (156) arranged on the surface of the insect collecting plate (142), a first rotating shaft (157) connected to the push rod (156), a first motor (145) arranged at the bottom of the outer side of the shell (141) and connected to the first rotating shaft (157), and an insect collecting box (144) arranged inside the shell (141) and located below one side of the insect collecting plate (142); the insect collecting plate (142) is provided with a transfer port (143) above the insect collecting box (144); the shell (141) is provided with a draw-out groove on one side close to the transfer port (143); and the insect collecting box (144) is arranged below the transfer port (143) so as to be drawable through the draw-out groove.

3. The pest and disease monitoring device applicable to soilless cultivation of potatoes according to claim 1, wherein: The surface of the insect-separating wheel (24) is provided with insect-separating partitions (27) distributed in rotational symmetry, and an insect-separating space is formed between adjacent insect-separating partitions (27). The insect-separating wheel (24) is provided with a second rotating shaft (25) penetrating inside the transparent insect-separating plate (21), and the insect-separating wheels (24) correspondingly arranged in the insect-separating chamber (223) are distributed in a straight line and connected via the same second rotating shaft (25). The second rotating shaft (25) is provided with a second motor (26) in transmission connection with the second rotating shaft (25) on a side surface of one side of the transparent insect-separating plate (21).

4. The pest and disease monitoring device applicable to soilless cultivation of potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting worm wheel (24) is provided with a height limiting plate (23) connected to the inner wall of the sorting cavity (223) on the side far from the insect attracting box (13). The height limiting plate (23) reduces the passable height on the side of the sorting worm wheel (24) far from the insect attracting box (13) within the sorting cavity (223), enabling pests to move one by one in a single column under the height limiting plate (23). The sizes of the sorting cavity (223) and the inlet cavity (221) are designed according to the body size of pests. The sorting cavity (223) allows a single column of pests to pass through, and the inlet cavity (221) allows a single pest to pass through.

5. The pest and disease monitoring device applicable to soilless cultivation of potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring component (3) includes a mounting rack (31) symmetrically arranged above the transparent sorting plate (21) and connected to the top of the insect attracting box (13), a first lead screw (32) arranged along the length direction of the transparent sorting plate (21) and rotatably mounted at both ends on the mounting rack (31), a first threaded sleeve (34) threadedly sleeved outside the first lead screw (32), a camera (35) mounted on the lower surface of the first threaded sleeve (34), and a third motor (33) drivingly connected to one end of the first lead screw (32).

6. The pest and disease monitoring device applicable to soilless cultivation of potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wiping and cleaning component (4) includes fixing plates (41) symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent sorting plate (21), cleaning sponges (47) arranged on one side of the fixing plates (41) close to the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent sorting plate (21), a connecting plate (42) symmetrically arranged between the ends of one end of the fixing plates (41) and connected to the upper and lower fixing plates (41), a second threaded sleeve (43) penetrating through the middle of the connecting plate (42), second lead screws (44) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transparent sorting plate (21) and sleeved inside the corresponding second threaded sleeves (43), fixing frames (46) correspondingly arranged at both ends of the second lead screws (44) and connected to the side surface of the transparent sorting plate (21), and a fourth motor (45) drivingly connected to one end of the second lead screw (44). The second lead screws (44) are symmetrically mounted on the side surfaces at both ends in the length direction of the transparent sorting plate (21) through the fixing frames (46).

7. A pest and disease monitoring device applicable to soilless cultivation of potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet cleaning component (5) further includes an air pump (51) arranged on the top of the insect attracting box (13), an air delivery pipe (52) for connecting the air pump (51) and each jet nozzle (53), and a diaphragm (54) arranged inside the air outlet end of the jet nozzle (53).

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