Biomimetic prosthesis for reconstruction of the acromioclavicular joint

Abstract

The application discloses a bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction and relates to the field of orthopedic implant medical instruments. The bionic prosthesis comprises a clavicle prosthesis, a shoulder peak prosthesis and a connecting prosthesis. The clavicle prosthesis is fixedly connected with the clavicle; the shoulder peak prosthesis is fixedly connected with the shoulder peak; the connecting prosthesis is arranged between the clavicle prosthesis and the shoulder peak prosthesis, one end of the connecting prosthesis is movably connected with the clavicle prosthesis, and the other end of the connecting prosthesis is rotatably connected with the shoulder peak prosthesis. The clavicle prosthesis comprises a moving cylinder and a clavicle fixing assembly. One end of the moving cylinder is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, an internal part of the other end of the moving cylinder is provided with a guide groove, and the first insertion end of the clavicle fixing assembly is movably arranged in the internal part of the guide groove along the direction in which the guide groove is arranged. When the clavicle and the shoulder peak move relatively, the clavicle prosthesis can be finely adjusted, the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing assembly and the clavicle can be solved, and the dynamic activity requirement can be met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of orthopedic implant medical devices, in particular to a bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction. BACKGROUND

[0002] Acromioclavicular joint tumor is a tumor lesion occurring in the acromioclavicular joint and its surrounding tissues. Due to the special anatomical position of the acromioclavicular joint, its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment have certain characteristics. The following will be introduced in detail from the aspects of anatomical basis, diagnostic method and treatment principle:

[0003] 1. Anatomical position: The acromioclavicular joint is composed of the medial margin of the acromion of the scapula and the lateral end of the clavicle (acromion end), which is a micro-motion joint, surrounded by acromioclavicular ligament, coracoclavicular ligament and other structures to maintain stability.

[0004] 2. Tissue composition: There is a fibrocartilage disc (incomplete in some people) in the joint, surrounded by joint capsule, and the surrounding tissues include muscles (such as deltoid muscle, trapezius muscle), ligaments and bone tissue (clavicle, acromion).

[0005] 3. Tumor occurrence conditions: The bone tissue, cartilage, synovial membrane, ligament and surrounding soft tissue of the acromioclavicular joint can become the origin of the tumor, and primary tumors are relatively rare, and metastatic tumors need to be vigilant.

[0006] 4. Diagnostic method: X-ray can preliminarily observe bone destruction, hyperplasia, mass shadow, etc. Benign tumors are often manifested as clear boundary changes in bone, while malignant tumors can show osteolytic or osteoblastic destruction, periosteal reaction. CT / MRI can clearly show the details of the bone and the range of tumor invasion; MRI is better for showing soft tissue mass, bone marrow infiltration and nerve and blood vessel compression.

[0007] 5. Treatment principle: According to the tumor range, extended resection is performed, which may require resection of part of the clavicle, acromion and surrounding soft tissue, and joint reconstruction (such as artificial prosthesis replacement, allogeneic bone transplantation) if necessary.

[0008] If the acromioclavicular joint tumor surgery involves extensive resection of bone or joint structure, a prosthesis (implant) is needed for joint reconstruction or functional repair. At present, the application of prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint is relatively rare in clinical practice (because the acromioclavicular joint is a micro-motion joint, the function of the prosthesis is special), but according to the tumor resection range and reconstruction needs, different prostheses are applied.

[0009] REFERENCE Figure 1As shown, for the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion part after resection (the resection part is between the two dotted lines, and part of the autogenous ligament 12), the case needs to retain the micro-motion function of the acromioclavicular joint (such as benign tumor resection or partial malignant tumor arthrodesis surgery). The acromioclavicular joint prosthesis is usually made of metal material, one end of the acromioclavicular joint prosthesis is fixedly connected with the cut part of the clavicle, and the other end of the acromioclavicular joint prosthesis is fixedly connected with the cut part of the acromion. The fixed connection means generally adopts a conical thread or bone cement to realize permanent fixed connection, and at the same time maintains stability through a locking mechanism or ligament reconstruction structure. However, the existing acromioclavicular joint prosthesis sacrifices joint activity in order to maintain stability, resulting in postoperative shoulder stiffness and limited upper limb function; and because the connection between the prosthesis and the bone is a rigid fixed structure (such as a conical thread fixation), the stress between the prosthesis and the bone is concentrated, and in long-term use, the prosthesis loosens due to the large stress, increasing the failure rate of bone integration. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction to meet the dynamic activity demand after reconstruction. SUMMARY

[0010] In view of the defects in the prior art, the technical problem solved by the present application is how to install a bionic prosthesis that can meet the dynamic activity demand after partial resection of the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion.

[0011] To achieve the above purpose, the bionic prosthesis for acromioclavicular joint reconstruction provided by the present application comprises:

[0012] A clavicle prosthesis for fixed connection with the clavicle;

[0013] An acromion prosthesis for fixed connection with the acromion;

[0014] A connecting prosthesis arranged between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis, one end of the connecting prosthesis being rotatably connected with the clavicle prosthesis, and the other end of the connecting prosthesis being movably connected with the acromion prosthesis;

[0015] The clavicle prosthesis comprises a moving cylinder and a clavicle fixing assembly, one end of the moving cylinder being movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, and the other end of the moving cylinder being internally provided with a guide groove, and the first insertion end of the clavicle fixing assembly being movably arranged in the guide groove along the direction in which the guide groove is arranged.

[0016] By adopting the technical scheme, when the shoulder joint needs to move, i.e., the clavicle and the acromion move relatively, the relative movement between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis is driven, at this time, the connecting body and the acromion prosthesis are movably connected, the relative movement of the clavicle and the acromion is realized, meanwhile, one end of the moving cylinder is movably connected with the connecting body, the first insertion end of the clavicle fixing assembly is movably arranged in the guide groove along the direction in which the guide groove is formed, when the clavicle and the acromion move relatively, the clavicle prosthesis can be finely adjusted, the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing assembly and the clavicle is solved, i.e., the stress between the prosthesis and the bone is relieved. Therefore, the bionic prosthesis can meet the dynamic movement demand after the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion are partially resected.

[0017] In an embodiment, one end of the connecting body is provided with a ball head, and the end of the moving cylinder is provided with a ball seat, and the ball head is arranged in the ball seat.

[0018] By adopting the technical scheme, the relative rotation movement between the clavicle prosthesis and the connecting body in any direction is facilitated, thereby further meeting the dynamic movement demand.

[0019] In an embodiment, the inner wall of the guide groove and the end of the first insertion end form a containing space, and the containing space is filled with compressed air.

[0020] By adopting the technical scheme, the movement between the first insertion end and the guide groove is controlled within a certain range, so as to avoid excessive movement, meanwhile, the above design forms a hydraulic cylinder slide rail design, which can absorb external impact load and reduce the load borne by the bone and the bionic prosthesis when the bone and the bionic prosthesis are subjected to external impact; the above design also plays a role in preventing the prosthesis from being separated from the bone.

[0021] In an embodiment, the end of the clavicle fixing assembly away from the moving cylinder is provided with a second insertion end, the second insertion end is used for inserting into the inside of the clavicle to fix the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle, and a limiting structure is arranged at the connection between the clavicle fixing assembly and the second insertion end.

[0022] By adopting the technical scheme, the connection strength between the clavicle fixing assembly and the clavicle is strengthened, and the second insertion end is prevented from further extending into the inside of the clavicle, i.e., the prosthesis is prevented from sinking.

[0023] In an embodiment, the outer wall of the second insertion end is sequentially sleeved with a first hole layer and a second hole layer from inside to outside, the hole diameter of the holes on the first hole layer is greater than the hole diameter of the holes on the second hole layer, and the porosity of the first hole layer is greater than the porosity of the second hole layer.

[0024] By adopting the technical scheme, the bone cell migration is accelerated, the strength of the prosthesis and the bone is improved, the blood vessels are promoted to grow in, and the time of the prosthesis and the bone integration is shortened.

[0025] In an embodiment, the second connecting assembly comprises an ellipsoidal seat and an ellipsoidal head, the ellipsoidal seat is fixedly arranged on one end of the connecting body close to the acromion prosthesis, and the ellipsoidal head is fixedly arranged on the acromion prosthesis to realize rotation of the ellipsoidal head in the ellipsoidal seat.

[0026] By adopting the above technical scheme, the rotational movement between the connecting prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis can be realized, and the contact stress distribution is close to that of a natural joint, and the bone integration efficiency and dynamic activity demand are balanced.

[0027] In an embodiment, the acromion prosthesis comprises an acromion connecting piece and an acromion body, the acromion body is fixedly arranged with the ellipsoidal head on one side close to the connecting body, the acromion connecting piece is arranged between the acromion body and the acromion, and the acromion body and the acromion connecting piece are fixed to the acromion by means of a screw; the acromion connecting piece comprises a dense layer on the outside and a porous layer on the inside, the pore size of the holes on the porous layer is larger than that of the holes on the dense layer, and the porosity of the porous layer is larger than that of the dense layer.

[0028] By adopting the above technical scheme, the acromion connecting piece is used to connect the acromion body and the acromion, and the screw is used for fixation, so that the acromion prosthesis is stably fixed to the acromion, the dense layer of the acromion connecting piece can be used for bearing and promoting vascular ingrowth, the porous layer of the acromion connecting piece can accelerate osteocyte migration, the strength of the prosthesis and bone integration is further improved, and the time of prosthesis and bone integration is further shortened.

[0029] In an embodiment, a bionic ligament is arranged between the clavicle prosthesis and the scapula;

[0030] And / or, a bionic ligament is arranged between the acromion prosthesis and the scapula;

[0031] And / or, a bionic ligament is arranged between the connecting body and the scapula;

[0032] The bionic ligament is a telescopic structure.

[0033] By adopting the above technical scheme, the bionic ligament is self-ligament, which further meets the dynamic activity demand and improves stability, and the design further plays a role in preventing the prosthesis and the bone from being separated.

[0034] In an embodiment, the bionic ligament comprises a prosthesis fixing rod, a fiber bundle group and a scapula fixing rod, one end of the prosthesis fixing rod close to the connecting body is connected to a connecting hole arranged on the connecting body by means of a hook, and the prosthesis fixing rod and the connecting body can rotate relative to each other;

[0035] One end of the scapula fixing rod close to the scapula is fixedly connected to the scapula by means of a screw;

[0036] One end of the fiber bundle group is fixed to the inner wall of the prosthesis fixing rod, one end of the fiber bundle group is fixed to the inner wall of the scapula fixing rod, and the prosthesis fixing rod is movably arranged in the inside of the scapula fixing rod to realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group.

[0037] The fiber bundle group comprises a plurality of fiber bundles, and the fiber bundles in the cross section of the fiber bundle group are distributed in a circle to realize equidistance elastic fixing.

[0038] By adopting the above technical scheme, the position design of the fiber bundle group can realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group, and the specific design of the fiber bundle group can realize equidistance elastic fixing, thereby further improving the stability during joint movement; the force sensor monitors the stretching force and compression force of the fiber bundle group, avoids damage to the bionic ligament caused by excessive tension and pressure, and monitors whether the bionic ligament can work normally.

[0039] In an embodiment, a plurality of channels are formed on the connecting body, the opening direction of the channels is used to be the same as the direction of the autogenous ligament, and one end of the autogenous ligament is fixed to the inside of the channel to realize equidistance elastic fixing.

[0040] By adopting the above technical scheme, the original autogenous ligament is connected with the prosthesis, and the opening direction of the channel is designed to connect the autogenous ligament close to the original direction and effect, and the opening direction of the channel can be designed according to the direction of the autogenous ligament to improve the adaptability, and at the same time, improve the stability during joint movement.

[0041] In summary, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0042] 1. By arranging the connecting prosthesis between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis, when the shoulder joint needs to move, i.e. the clavicle and the acromion move relatively, the relative movement between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis will be caused, at this time, the connecting body and the acromion prosthesis are movably connected, realizing the relative movement of the clavicle and the acromion; at the same time, one end of the moving cylinder is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, and the first insertion end of the clavicle fixing assembly is movably arranged in the inside of the guide groove along the opening direction of the guide groove, when the clavicle and the acromion move relatively, the clavicle prosthesis can be fine-tuned, solving the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing assembly and the clavicle, i.e. relieving the stress between the prosthesis and the bone. Therefore, the bionic prosthesis can meet the dynamic activity demand after the clavicle lateral end and the acromion part are cut off;

[0043] 2. By forming the liquid cylinder slide rail design through the moving cylinder and the clavicle fixing assembly, not only the clavicle prosthesis itself can be stretched and contracted to further meet the dynamic activity demand, but also the movement between the first insertion end and the guide groove is avoided to be excessive, at the same time, the load borne by the bone and the bionic prosthesis when subjected to external impact is reduced to avoid loosening between the prosthesis and the bone;

[0044] 3. Through the specific design of the bionic ligament, the position design of the fiber bundle group can realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group, and the specific design of the fiber bundle group can realize the equidistance elastic fixation, so that the dynamic activity demand in the joint activity is further improved, and the stability is improved; meanwhile, the design plays a role in preventing the prosthesis from being separated from the bone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the background art of the present application;

[0046] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the bionic prosthesis for shoulder joint reconstruction in the embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the bionic prosthesis and the bone for shoulder joint reconstruction in the embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 4 is an axial surface sectional view of the second insertion end in the embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 3 ;

[0050] Figure 6 is an exploded view of the bionic ligament in the embodiment of the present application.

[0051] In the figure: 1-clavicle fixing assembly, 101-first insertion end, 102-second insertion end, 2-moving cylinder, 201-guiding groove, 3-connection main body, 301-hole, 4-first connection assembly, 401-ball head, 402-ball seat, 5-second connection assembly, 501-ellipsoidal head, 502-ellipsoidal seat, 6-acromion prosthesis, 601-acromion main body, 602-acromion connecting piece, 7-bionic ligament, 701-prosthesis fixing rod, 702-fiber bundle group, 703-shoulder blade fixing rod, 8-clavicle, 9-acromion, 10-shoulder blade, 11-screw, 12-autogenous ligament. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] The bionic prosthesis for shoulder joint reconstruction in the embodiment of the present application, see Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the bionic prosthesis for shoulder joint reconstruction includes a clavicle prosthesis for fixed connection with the clavicle 8, an acromion prosthesis 6 for fixed connection with the acromion 9, and a connecting prosthesis arranged between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis 6, one end of the connecting prosthesis being movably connected with the clavicle prosthesis, and the other end of the connecting prosthesis being movably connected with the acromion prosthesis 6; the clavicle prosthesis includes a moving cylinder 2 and a clavicle fixing assembly 1, one end of the moving cylinder 2 being movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, and the other end of the moving cylinder 2 being internally provided with a guide groove 201, and the clavicle fixing assembly 1 being provided with a first insertion end 101 close to one end of the moving cylinder 2, and the first insertion end 101 being movably arranged in the interior of the guide groove 201 along the direction in which the guide groove 201 is formed.

[0054] Therefore, it can be known that the clavicle prosthesis is fixedly installed at the cutting part of the clavicle 8, the acromion prosthesis 6 is fixedly installed at the cutting part of the acromion 9, and the connecting prosthesis is arranged between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis 6, when the shoulder joint needs to be moved, that is, the clavicle 8 and the acromion 9 move relatively, the relative movement between the clavicle prosthesis and the acromion prosthesis 6 will be caused, at this time, the connecting main body and the acromion prosthesis 6 are movably connected, the relative movement between the clavicle 8 and the acromion 9 is realized, meanwhile, one end of the moving cylinder 2 is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, the first insertion end 101 of the clavicle fixing assembly 1 is movably arranged in the interior of the guide groove 201 along the direction in which the guide groove 201 is formed, when the clavicle 8 and the acromion 9 move relatively, the clavicle prosthesis can be finely adjusted, the problem of stress concentration between the clavicle fixing assembly 1 and the clavicle 8 is solved, that is, the stress between the prosthesis and the bone is relieved. Therefore, the bionic prosthesis can meet the dynamic movement demand after the lateral end of the clavicle and the acromion are partially cut.

[0055] Preferably, referring to Figure 2 As shown, a specific structure of the connecting prosthesis is provided:

[0056] The connecting prosthesis includes a connecting main body 3, a first connecting assembly 4 and a second connecting assembly 5, one end of the connecting main body 3 being rotatably connected with the clavicle prosthesis through the first connecting assembly 4, and the other end of the connecting main body 3 being rotatably connected with the acromion prosthesis 6 through the second connecting assembly 5; the first connecting assembly 4 is a ball and socket joint, the ball and socket joint includes a ball seat 402 and a ball head 401, the ball head 401 being fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting main body 3 close to the moving cylinder 2, and the ball seat 402 being formed at one end of the moving cylinder 2 close to the connecting main body 3, so as to realize the rotation of the ball head 401 in any direction in the interior of the ball seat 402.

[0057] Specifically, the ball head 401 is fixedly installed on one of the connecting body 3 or the clavicle prosthesis, and the ball seat 402 is fixedly installed on the other of the connecting body 3 or the clavicle prosthesis, the ball head 401 is located inside the ball seat 402, and the ball head 401 can rotate in any direction inside the ball seat 402, so as to facilitate the rotation movement in any direction between the clavicle prosthesis and the connecting prosthesis, thereby further meeting the dynamic activity demand; the inside of the ball head 401 is selected to be a silicon nitride ceramic ball head 401, and the outside is sleeved with a PEEK (polyether ether ketone) material layer, so as to reduce stress shielding (when two or more materials with different stiffness jointly bear external force, the material with higher stiffness will bear more load, and the material with lower stiffness will only bear lower load).

[0058] Further, referring to Figure 2 on the basis that the ball head 401 is fixedly installed on the connecting body 3 and the ball seat 402 is fixedly installed on the clavicle prosthesis, a specific structure of the clavicle prosthesis is provided:

[0059] The clavicle prosthesis comprises a moving cylinder 2 and a clavicle fixing assembly 1, the inside of one end of the moving cylinder 2 is provided with a ball seat 402, the inside of the other end of the moving cylinder 2 is provided with a guide groove 201, a first insertion end 101 of the clavicle fixing assembly 1 is movably arranged inside the guide groove 201, so as to realize the relative movement between the moving cylinder 2 and the clavicle fixing assembly 1 in the direction of the guide groove 201, and a second insertion end 102 of the clavicle fixing assembly 1 is used for inserting into the inside of the clavicle 8, so as to realize the fixation of the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle 8.

[0060] Specifically, the moving cylinder 2 is a solid cylinder, the inside of one end of the moving cylinder 2 is provided with a ball seat 402 according to the diameter of the ball head 401, and the inside of the other end of the moving cylinder 2 is provided with a guide groove 201, a first insertion end 101 of the clavicle fixing assembly 1 is fixedly arranged at one end close to the moving cylinder 2, the first insertion end 101 is movably arranged inside the guide groove 201, so as to realize the relative movement between the moving cylinder 2 and the clavicle fixing assembly 1 in the direction of the guide groove 201, and the first insertion end 101 will not be separated from the inside of the guide groove 201; a second insertion end 102 of the clavicle fixing assembly 1 is fixedly arranged at one end away from the moving cylinder 2, the second insertion end 102 is inserted into the inside of the clavicle 8, so as to realize the fixation of the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle 8; the design of the moving cylinder 2 of the clavicle prosthesis not only realizes the rotation movement in any direction between the clavicle prosthesis and the connecting prosthesis, but also realizes the extension and contraction of the clavicle prosthesis itself, thereby further improving the satisfaction of the dynamic activity demand.

[0061] Further, referring to Figure 3As shown, the surface of the second insertion end 102 is a double-coated design, with a titanium alloy base inside and a hydroxyapatite coating (0.3mm thick, contact angle ≤55°) outside, to enhance the stability of the bone-implant interface; the connection between the second insertion end 102 and the clavicular fixation assembly 1 is designed as a multi-tapered mechanical fitting structure (limiting structure), so that the connection forms a larger contact area with the proximal bone surface of the retained clavicle 8, while preventing the sinking of the prosthesis.

[0062] Preferably, referring to Figure 3 As shown in the specific structure of the clavicular prosthesis described above, a hydraulic cylinder sliding rail buffer structure is designed:

[0063] The inner wall of the guide groove 201 and the end of the first insertion end 101 form a receiving space, and the receiving space is filled with compressed air inside.

[0064] Specifically, the inside of the guide groove 201, the side wall of the guide groove 201 and the end surface of the first insertion end 101 surround a receiving space with variable volume, and the receiving space is filled with compressed air inside, which controls the movement between the first insertion end 101 and the guide groove 201 within a certain range to avoid excessive movement. Specifically, when the clavicular fixation assembly 1 approaches the moving cylinder 2, the first insertion end 101 will penetrate deeper into the inside of the receiving space, causing the volume of the receiving space to decrease, thereby compressing the air inside the receiving space and increasing the pressure inside the receiving space, thereby driving the clavicular fixation assembly 1 away from the moving cylinder 2.

[0065] At the same time, the above design forms a hydraulic cylinder sliding rail design, which can absorb external impact loads and reduce the load borne by the bone and the bionic prosthesis when subjected to external impact; the hydraulic pressure sensor can monitor the load in real time; the above design also plays a role in preventing the prosthesis from being detached from the bone; the surface of the first insertion end 101 is made of silicon nitride ceramic material to reduce friction when sliding.

[0066] It should be noted that the prosthesis and the bone are also surrounded by muscles, so that the maximum distance of stretching can be controlled, and the maximum distance of compression can be controlled by the air pressure in the receiving space.

[0067] Preferably, referring to Figure 2 、 Figure 4 As described, the outer wall of the second insertion end 102 is sequentially sleeved with a first hole layer 1021 and a second hole layer 1022 from inside to outside, the hole diameter of the holes on the first hole layer 1021 is larger than the hole diameter of the holes on the second hole layer 1022, and the porosity of the first hole layer 1021 is greater than the porosity of the second hole layer 1022, so as to realize accelerated bone cell migration of the first hole layer 1021 and promote vascular ingrowth of the second hole layer 1022.

[0068] Specifically, the first hole layer 1021 is designed with a hole diameter of 300 μm and a porosity of 70% to accelerate the migration of bone cells and improve the strength of the prosthesis and bone combination; the second hole layer 1022 is designed with a hole diameter of 100 μm and a porosity of 60% to promote blood vessel growth and shorten the time of prosthesis and bone integration;

[0069] The combination of 300 μm hole diameter and 70% porosity creates a microenvironment that is extremely conducive to the rapid migration, proliferation, differentiation and ultimate formation of mature bone tissue of bone cells, significantly improving the strength and speed of the formation of firm, direct bone combination (i.e. bone integration) between the prosthesis and the host bone;

[0070] The combination of 100 μm hole diameter and 60% porosity creates a microenvironment that is highly conducive to the migration, proliferation and rapid formation of functional capillary network of vascular endothelial cells;

[0071] The above-mentioned "small outside and large inside" double-layer hole diameter design is essentially a targeted optimization according to the different biological behaviors of the two key cells of bone cells and vascular endothelial cells and their different spatial requirements for the microenvironment.

[0072] Preferably, referring to Figure 2 As shown in the figure, a specific structure of a second connecting assembly 5 is provided:

[0073] The second connecting assembly 5 includes an ellipsoidal seat 502 and an ellipsoidal head 501, the ellipsoidal seat 502 is fixedly arranged on one end of the connecting body 3 close to the acromion prosthesis 6, and the ellipsoidal head 501 is fixedly arranged on the acromion prosthesis 6 to realize the rotation of the ellipsoidal head 501 inside the ellipsoidal seat 502 with the axis of the ellipsoidal head 501 as the rotation shaft.

[0074] Specifically, the ellipsoidal head 501 is fixedly installed on one of the connecting body 3 or the acromion prosthesis 6, and the ellipsoidal seat 502 is fixedly installed on the other one of the connecting body 3 or the acromion prosthesis 6, the ellipsoidal head 501 is located inside the ellipsoidal seat 502, and the ellipsoidal head 501 rotates inside the ellipsoidal seat 502 with the axis of the ellipsoidal head 501 as the rotation shaft, so as to realize the rotation between the acromion prosthesis 6 and the connecting body 3 with the axis of the ellipsoidal head 501 as the rotation shaft; based on the CT three-dimensional reconstruction data of the acromioclavicular joint of Asian adults, an asymmetric concave-convex ellipsoidal contact surface (convex curvature radius R = 8-12 mm, concave R = 10-15 mm) is designed, the contact stress distribution is close to the natural joint, the double-curved-surface ellipsoidal movable joint surface reduces the stress shielding and balances the bone integration efficiency and dynamic activity demand; it can be understood that the second connecting assembly 5 can also be designed as the same structure as the first connecting assembly 4 to realize the multi-directional rotation requirement.

[0075] It should be noted that the periphery of the prosthesis and the bone is also wrapped with muscle, so as to avoid the ellipsoid head 501 from being separated from the inside of the ellipsoid seat 502.

[0076] Further, referring to FIG. 6, on the basis of the ellipsoid seat 502 being fixedly installed on the connecting body 3 and the ellipsoid head 501 being fixedly installed on the acromion prosthesis 6, a specific structure of the acromion prosthesis 6 is provided. Figure 2 、 Figure 5 Further, referring to FIG. 6, on the basis of the ellipsoid seat 502 being fixedly installed on the connecting body 3 and the ellipsoid head 501 being fixedly installed on the acromion prosthesis 6, a specific structure of the acromion prosthesis 6 is provided.

[0077] The acromion prosthesis 6 comprises an acromion connecting piece 602 and an acromion body 601. The acromion body 601 is fixedly provided with the ellipsoid head 501 on the side close to the connecting body 3. The acromion connecting piece 602 is arranged between the acromion body 601 and the acromion 9. The acromion body 601 and the acromion connecting piece 602 are fixed to the acromion 9 by the screw 11. The acromion connecting piece 602 comprises a dense layer on the outside and a porous layer on the inside. The pore diameter of the holes on the porous layer is larger than that of the holes on the dense layer. The porosity of the porous layer is greater than that of the dense layer, so as to realize the accelerated migration of bone cells in the porous layer and promote the vascular growth in the dense layer.

[0078] Specifically, the acromion connecting piece 602 is made of 3D printed porous tantalum metal. The bone interface is printed as a 3D porous structure. The dense layer of the acromion connecting piece can be used for bearing and promoting vascular growth. The porous layer of the acromion connecting piece accelerates the migration of bone cells, further improves the strength of the prosthesis and bone integration, and further shortens the time of prosthesis and bone integration.

[0079] Further, the surface of the acromion body 601 is treated as a silver ion coating (silver loading amount 0.5wt%). The silver ion coating has antibacterial effect. An external hydroxyapatite composite coating (thickness 0.3mm) is coated on the silver ion coating, so as to strengthen the bonding strength between the tissue and the prosthesis.

[0080] Preferably, referring to FIG. 7, the clavicle prosthesis and the scapula 10 are provided with a bionic ligament 7. Figure 2 、 Figure 3 Further, referring to FIG. 7, the acromion prosthesis 6 and the scapula 10 are provided with a bionic ligament 7.

[0081] Further, referring to FIG. 7, the connecting body 3 and the scapula 10 are provided with a bionic ligament 7.

[0082] Further, referring to FIG. 7, the connecting body 3 and the scapula 10 are provided with a bionic ligament 7.

[0083] The bionic ligament 7 is a telescopic structure.

[0084] Specifically, the bionic ligament 7 replaces the cut ligament, further improves the dynamic activity demand and stability, and further prevents the prosthesis and the bone from being separated.

[0085] Further, referring to FIG. 7, the connecting body 3 and the scapula 10 are provided with a bionic ligament 7. Figure 6As shown, a specific structure of a bionic ligament 7 is provided:

[0086] The bionic ligament 7 includes a prosthesis fixing rod 701, a fiber bundle group 702, and a scapula fixing rod 703. The prosthesis fixing rod 701 is connected to the connecting body 3 through a hook near one end of the connecting body 3, and the prosthesis fixing rod 701 is relatively rotatable with the connecting body 3. The scapula fixing rod 703 is fixedly connected to the scapula 10 through a screw 11 near one end of the scapula 10. One end of the fiber bundle group 702 is fixed to the inner wall of the prosthesis fixing rod 701, and one end of the fiber bundle group 702 is fixed to the inner wall of the scapula fixing rod 703. The prosthesis fixing rod 701 is movably arranged in the interior of the scapula fixing rod 703 to realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group 702. The fiber bundle group 702 includes a plurality of fiber bundles, and the fiber bundles in the cross section of the fiber bundle group 702 are circumferentially distributed to realize equidistant elastic fixing.

[0087] Specifically, the position design of the fiber bundle group 702 can realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group 702, and the specific design of the fiber bundle group 702 can realize equidistant elastic fixing, thereby further improving the stability during joint movement. The fiber bundle adopts PEEK / carbon fiber composite material (elastic modulus 3.5GPa) to simulate the natural ligament elastic modulus (10-20GPa), thereby solving the problem of the existing metal cable (200GPa) replacing the natural ligament, causing a large stress shielding effect, and avoiding the risk of postoperative rotator cuff injury caused by large bone load when impacted.

[0088] Further, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the connecting end of the bionic ligament 7 and the prosthesis is provided with a dynamic limiting groove (groove width 1.3mm±0.1mm), allowing the prosthesis fixing rod 701 to slide ±2.5mm, thereby further meeting the dynamic activity requirement.

[0089] Preferably, referring to Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of channels 301 are formed on the connecting body 3, and the formation direction of the channels 301 is used to be the same as the running direction of the autogenous ligament 12. One end of the autogenous ligament 12 is fixed in the interior of the channel 301 to realize equidistant elastic fixing.

[0090] Specifically, the original autogenous ligament 12 (for example, the coracoclavicular ligament, the remaining part) is connected to the prosthesis, and the autogenous ligament 12 is connected close to the original direction and effect through the design of the formation direction of the channel 301. The formation direction of the channel 301 can be designed according to the running direction of the autogenous ligament 12 to improve the adaptability and the stability during joint movement. Specifically, the number of the channels 301 is 3-5, the diameter is 4-6mm, and the inner surface of the channel 301 is provided with a hydroxyapatite coating.

[0091] The foregoing detailed description of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Various modifications and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. It is intended that the scope of the application should not be limited by the particular representative embodiments described above.

Claims

1. A bionic prosthesis for shoulder joint reconstruction, characterized in that, It includes: Clavicle prosthesis, which is used to be fixedly connected with clavicle (8); Acromion prosthesis (6) for fixedly connecting with acromion (9); The connecting prosthesis includes a connecting body (3), a first connecting assembly (4) and a second connecting assembly (5), one end of the connecting body (3) is rotatably connected with the clavicle prosthesis through the first connecting assembly (4), and the other end of the connecting body (3) is rotatably connected with the acromion prosthesis (6) through the second connecting assembly (5); The first connecting assembly (4) is a ball joint, the ball joint includes a ball seat (402) and a ball head (401), the ball head (401) is fixedly arranged on one end of the connecting body (3) close to the moving barrel (2), and the ball seat (402) is arranged on one end of the moving barrel (2) close to the connecting body (3), so that the ball head (401) can rotate in any direction inside the ball seat (402); The second connecting assembly (5) includes an ellipsoidal seat (502) and an ellipsoidal head (501), the ellipsoidal seat (502) is fixedly arranged on one end of the connecting body (3) close to the acromion prosthesis (6), and the ellipsoidal head (501) is fixedly arranged on the acromion prosthesis (6), so that the ellipsoidal head (501) can rotate inside the ellipsoidal seat (502); The clavicle prosthesis includes a moving barrel (2) and a clavicle fixing assembly (1), one end of the moving barrel (2) is movably connected with the connecting prosthesis, and the other end of the moving barrel (2) is internally provided with a guide groove (201); the clavicle fixing assembly (1) is provided with a first insertion end (101) close to one end of the moving barrel (2), and the first insertion end (101) is movably arranged in the guide groove (201) along the arrangement direction of the guide groove (201); The clavicle prosthesis and the scapula (10) are provided with a bionic ligament (7); the acromion prosthesis (6) and the scapula (10) are provided with a bionic ligament (7); the connecting body (3) and the scapula (10) are provided with a bionic ligament (7); the bionic ligament (7) is a telescopic structure.

2. The bionic prosthesis for reconstruction of the shoulder joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the guide groove (201) and the end of the first insertion end (101) form a containing space, and the containing space is filled with compressed air.

3. The bionic prosthesis for reconstruction of the shoulder joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clavicle fixing assembly (1) is provided with a second insertion end (102) away from the moving barrel (2), and the second insertion end (102) is used for inserting into the inside of the clavicle (8), so as to fix the clavicle prosthesis on the clavicle (8); the connecting part of the clavicle fixing assembly (1) and the second insertion end (102) is provided with a limiting structure.

4. The bionic prosthesis for reconstruction of the shoulder joint according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the second insertion end (102) is sequentially sleeved with a first hole layer (1021) and a second hole layer (1022) from inside to outside, the hole diameter of the holes in the first hole layer (1021) is greater than that of the holes in the second hole layer (1022), and the porosity of the first hole layer (1021) is greater than that of the second hole layer (1022).

5. The bionic prosthesis for reconstruction of the shoulder joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acromion prosthesis (6) comprises an acromion connector (602) and an acromion body (601), and the acromion body (601) is fixedly provided with an ellipsoidal head (501) on the side close to the connecting body (3); the acromion connector (602) is arranged between the acromion body (601) and the acromion (9), and the acromion body (601) and the acromion connector (602) are fixed on the acromion (9) by a screw (11); the acromion connector (602) comprises a dense layer on the outside and a porous layer on the inside, the aperture of the holes in the porous layer is larger than that of the holes in the dense layer, and the porosity of the porous layer is greater than that of the dense layer.

6. The bionic prosthesis for reconstruction of the shoulder joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bionic ligament (7) comprises a prosthesis fixing rod (701), a fiber bundle group (702) and a scapula fixing rod (703), the prosthesis fixing rod (701) is connected with the connecting hole arranged on the connecting body (3) through a hook on the end close to the connecting body (3), and the prosthesis fixing rod (701) and the connecting body (3) can rotate relative to each other; The scapula fixing rod (703) is fixedly connected with the scapula (10) through a screw (11) on the end close to the scapula (10); One end of the fiber bundle group (702) is fixed to the inner wall of the prosthesis fixing rod (701), and the other end of the fiber bundle group (702) is fixed to the inner wall of the scapula fixing rod (703), and the prosthesis fixing rod (701) is movably arranged in the scapula fixing rod (703) to realize the stretching and compression of the fiber bundle group (702); The fiber bundle group (702) comprises a plurality of fiber bundles, and the fiber bundles in the cross section of the fiber bundle group (702) are circumferentially distributed to realize equidistant elastic fixing.

7. The bionic prosthesis for reconstruction of the shoulder joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of hole channels (301) are arranged on the connecting body (3), the arrangement direction of the hole channels (301) is used for being the same as the running direction of the autogenous ligament (12), and one end of the autogenous ligament is fixed in the hole channel (301) to realize equidistant elastic fixing.

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