Unlocking and separating device, system thereof and carrier rocket

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rocket unlocking and separating, and particularly relates to an unlocking and separating device, a system thereof and a carrier rocket. The device comprises a plurality of unlocking and separating units. Each unlocking and separating unit comprises an air supply assembly, a controllable switch assembly and a pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly. The controllable switch assembly comprises a plurality of sub-controllable switches which are connected in parallel, the pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly comprises a plurality of unlocking and separating structures which are connected in parallel, and an air outlet of the air supply assembly communicates with an air inlet of each unlocking and separating structure through each sub-controllable switch; the unlocking and separating structures of every two adjacent unlocking and separating units are connected through a device to be separated. Therefore, the controllable switch assembly and the pneumatic unlocking separation assembly both adopt redundancy design. If a certain sub-controllable switch or an unlocking separation structure breaks down, the other parallel connection parts can still work normally, it is ensured that the overall function of the unlocking separation device is not affected, and therefore the failure rate in the unlocking separation process can be reduced, and the safety coefficient and reliability of the unlocking separation device are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of rocket unlocking and separation, and in particular, to an unlocking and separation device, its system, and a launch vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of space technology, the annual launch volume of launch vehicles has increased sharply. However, there have been not a few cases where rocket launch missions have failed due to separation system failures. Therefore, rocket R & D personnel attach great importance to the reliability of the separation system.

[0003] In the related art, the failure rate of the unlocking and separation system of a launch vehicle is still relatively high, and the safety factor is relatively low, resulting in the failure of rocket launch missions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, this application is proposed. This application provides an unlocking and separation device, its system, and a launch vehicle.

[0005] According to one aspect of this application, an unlocking and separation device is provided, including:

[0006] A plurality of unlocking and separation units, each unlocking and separation unit including a gas supply component, a controllable switch component, and a pneumatic unlocking and separation component; the controllable switch component includes a plurality of sub-controllable switches connected in parallel, the pneumatic unlocking and separation component includes a plurality of unlocking and separation structures connected in parallel, the air outlet of the gas supply component is communicated with the air inlet of each unlocking and separation structure through each sub-controllable switch, and the unlocking and separation structures of two adjacent unlocking and separation units are connected through a device to be separated.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the unlocking and separation device provided in this application includes a gas supply component, a controllable switch component, and a pneumatic unlocking and separation component. The controllable switch component includes a plurality of sub-controllable switches connected in parallel, and the pneumatic unlocking and separation component includes a plurality of unlocking and separation structures connected in parallel. Therefore, when the gas supply component supplies gas, when the air flow enters the air inlet of the controllable switch component through the air outlet of the gas supply component, all or part of the sub-controllable switches can be opened as needed, with high flexibility. After the air flow passes through the corresponding sub-controllable switch, it enters the air inlet of the unlocking and separation structure. Under the action of air pressure, the unlocking and separation structures of two adjacent unlocking and separation units are separated from the device to be separated to complete the unlocking and separation operation. It can be seen that both the controllable switch component and the pneumatic unlocking and separation component in the embodiments of this application adopt redundant designs. If a certain sub-controllable switch or unlocking and separation structure fails, the remaining parallel parts can still work normally, ensuring that the overall function of the unlocking and separation device is not affected, thereby being able to reduce the failure rate of the unlocking and separation process and improve the safety factor and reliability of the unlocking and separation device.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an unlocking and separating system, including a controller and the above-mentioned unlocking and separating device electrically connected to the controller.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a launch vehicle, including the above-mentioned unlocking and separating system.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the unlocking and separating system and the launch vehicle provided by the present application are the same as those of the above-mentioned unlocking and separating device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0011] It should be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the claimed technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] By describing the embodiments of the present application in more detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application will become more apparent. The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the present application and do not constitute a limitation to the present application. In the drawings, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components or steps.

[0013] Figure 1 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of the unlocking and separating device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0014] Reference Numerals:

[0015] 100 - unlocking and separating unit; 101 - gas supply assembly; 1011 - gas supply part; 1012 - gas supply switch; 102 - controllable switch assembly; 1021 - sub - controllable switch; 103 - pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly; 1031 - unlocking and separating structure; 104 - exhaust switch; 105 - exhaust hole plate; 106 - pressure reducing switch; and 107 - pressure sensing part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present application more apparent, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the present application is not limited by the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0017] With the rapid development of space technology, the annual launch volume of launch vehicles has increased sharply. However, there have been not a few cases where rocket launch missions have failed due to separation system failures. Therefore, rocket R & D personnel attach great importance to the reliability of the separation system. In the related art, the failure rate of the unlocking and separating system of launch vehicles is still relatively high, and the safety factor is relatively low, resulting in the failure of rocket launch missions.

[0018] In view of the above problems, the present application provides an unlocking and separating device, which can reduce the failure rate during the unlocking and separating process and improve the safety factor and reliability of the unlocking and separating device. Figure 1 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of the unlocking and separating device according to an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the device includes a plurality of unlocking and separating units 100. The unlocking and separating unit 100 includes a gas supply component 101, a controllable switch component 102, and a pneumatic unlocking and separating component 103. The controllable switch component 102 includes a plurality of sub-controllable switches 1021 connected in parallel. The pneumatic unlocking and separating component 103 includes a plurality of unlocking and separating structures 1031 connected in parallel. The air outlet of the gas supply component 101 is communicated with the air inlet of each unlocking and separating structure 1031 through each sub-controllable switch 1021. The unlocking and separating structures 1031 of two adjacent unlocking and separating units 100 are connected by a device to be separated. It should be understood that in order to make Figure 1 the lines in more clear, the pneumatic unlocking and separating component is not marked with a dotted square box.

[0019] Specifically, when the gas supply component 101 does not supply gas, each sub-controllable switch 1021 included in the controllable switch component 102 is in a closed state, and each unlocking and separating structure 1031 included in the pneumatic unlocking and separating component 103 is connected to the device to be separated. When the gas supply component 101 supplies gas, the air flow enters the air inlet of the controllable switch component 102 through the air outlet of the gas supply component 101. Since each sub-controllable switch 1021 included in the controllable switch component 102 is connected in parallel, all or part of the sub-controllable switches 1021 can be turned on as needed, which has high flexibility. After the air flow passes through the corresponding sub-controllable switch 1021, it enters the air inlet of the unlocking and separating structure 1031. Under the action of air pressure, the unlocking and separating structures 1031 of two adjacent unlocking and separating units 100 are separated from the device to be separated to complete the unlocking and separating operation.

[0020] It can be seen that both the controllable switch component 102 and the pneumatic unlocking and separating component 103 in the embodiment of the present application adopt a redundant design. If a certain sub-controllable switch 1021 or unlocking and separating structure 1031 fails, the remaining parallel parts can still work normally, ensuring that the overall function of the unlocking and separating device is not affected, thereby being able to reduce the failure rate during the unlocking and separating process and improve the safety factor and reliability of the unlocking and separating device.

[0021] In practical applications, a locking component can be provided on the device to be separated to achieve the purpose of connecting the unlocking and separating structures of two adjacent unlocking and separating units to the device to be separated.

[0022] Exemplarily, the locking assembly includes a connecting member, a positioning member, and a torque transmission structure. Among them, the positioning member is provided with a through hole for accommodating the connecting member. Both ends of the connecting member extend into the outlets of the unlocking and separating structures of adjacent unlocking and separating units, and are used to lock the unlocking and separating structures of adjacent two unlocking and separating units. The positioning member is arranged on the torque transmission structure, and both ends of the positioning member abut against the outlets of the unlocking and separating structures of adjacent unlocking and separating units. It should be understood that the connecting member can be a double-headed screw or other parts that can achieve the purpose of locking the unlocking and separating structure, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and is not limited here. Correspondingly, the device to be separated should be provided with an operation hole for tightening the connecting member and applying a pre-tightening force. The positioning member can be a positioning pin or other parts that can achieve the purpose of auxiliary positioning, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and is not limited here. The first end of the positioning member is a guiding end, and the end face of its guiding end can be a conical surface, and the angle of its conical angle can be 30° to 60°, having a smaller assembly resistance; its second end is a limiting end, and its limiting end can be in the shape of a flared opening, having the function of preventing detachment and stopping. The torque transmission structure can be a boss with a hexagonal cross-section or other parts that can achieve the purpose of torque transmission, and can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and is not limited here.

[0023] In an alternative manner, as Figure 1 shown, each unlocking and separating unit 100 further includes an exhaust switch 104, and the exhaust switch 104 is arranged at the air inlet of the unlocking and separating structure 1031. The exhaust switch 104 can be immediately opened after unlocking is completed, quickly releasing the residual high-pressure air flow in the pneumatic unlocking device, avoiding the risk of malfunction caused by air pressure residue after separation. Especially in the separation of multi-stage rockets, it can prevent the lower-stage rocket from being accidentally triggered.

[0024] In an alternative manner, as Figure 1 shown, each unlocking and separating unit 100 further includes an exhaust hole plate 105, and the exhaust hole plate 105 is arranged between the air outlet of the controllable switch assembly 102 and the air inlet of the pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly 103. When the unlocking and separating unit 100 does not need to be unlocked and separated from the device to be separated and still maintains a mechanical connection relationship, if the air supply assembly 101 and the controllable switch assembly 102 in the closed state fail and cause some air flow to overflow, this part of the air flow will overflow from the air outlet of the air supply assembly 101 through the controllable switch assembly 102 to the air inlet of the pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly 103. By providing an exhaust hole plate 105 between the air outlet of the controllable switch assembly 102 and the air inlet of the pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly 103 in this application, the leaked air flow can be discharged, so that the air pressure of the residual air flow in the device is not enough to unlock the unlocking and separating structure 1031 from the device to be separated, ensuring that the unlocking and separating device can still operate normally under normal working conditions and partial fault conditions, and improving the safety factor and reliability of the unlocking and separating device.

[0025] Exemplarily, the diameter of the exhaust hole plate in the embodiments of the present application is 0.1 mm to 1 mm. When the diameter of the exhaust hole plate is within the above range, continuous pressure relief can be performed when the air supply assembly and the controllable switch assembly leak air. Moreover, due to its small aperture, the amount of air pressure discharged per unit time is also small, so as not to interfere with the unlocking and separating process of the unlocking and separating unit.

[0026] In an alternative manner, as Figure 1 shown, each unlocking and separating unit 100 in the embodiments of the present application further includes a pressure reducing switch 106, and the pressure reducing switch 106 is arranged between the air outlet of the air supply assembly 101 and the air inlet of the controllable switch assembly 102. During the operation of the air supply assembly 101, the output pressure thereof may fluctuate. The pressure reducing switch 106 can effectively adjust such pressure fluctuations to ensure the stable gas pressure delivered to the controllable switch assembly 102, so that each unlocking and separating structure 1031 can obtain a stable driving force, thereby improving the reliability and consistency of the unlocking and separating action. In addition, when a failure such as leakage occurs in the controllable switch assembly 102, the pressure reducing switch 106 can reduce the gas leakage amount and reduce the danger level, providing a safer environment for troubleshooting and handling.

[0027] In an alternative manner, as Figure 1 shown, the air supply assembly 101 in the embodiments of the present application includes an air supply part 1011 and an air supply switch 1012 arranged at the air outlet of the air supply part 1011. Therefore, the purpose of adjusting the air flow rate can be achieved by adjusting the opening degree of the air supply switch 1012.

[0028] In an alternative manner, as Figure 1 shown, each unlocking and separating unit 100 in the embodiments of the present application further includes a pressure sensing part 107, and the pressure sensing part 107 is arranged at the air inlet of the controllable switch assembly 102 to realize parallel pressure monitoring of multiple parallel air paths. And the opening degrees of the respective sub-controllable switches 1021 can be adjusted according to the data obtained by the pressure sensing part 107 to ensure the normal operation of the unlocking and separating device.

[0029] Similarly, a pressure sensing part 107 can also be arranged at the air inlet of the air supply switch 1012 to monitor the air pressure.

[0030] The present application also provides an unlocking and separating system, which includes a controller and the above-mentioned unlocking and separating device electrically connected to the controller, so as to maximize the safety and reliability of the unlocking and separating system. Specifically, the controller is electrically connected to the pressure sensing part, the sub-controllable switch, the exhaust switch, the pressure reducing switch and the air supply switch in the unlocking and separating device. When the pressure sensing part detects that the air pressure value does not conform to the preset range, the controller can adjust the opening degrees of the sub-controllable switch, the air supply switch and the pressure reducing switch so that the air pressure value of the air flow passing through the above switches is within the preset range. After the unlocking and separating operation is completed, the controller can adjust the opening degree of the exhaust switch to evacuate the air flow in the pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly.

[0031] The present application also provides a launch vehicle, which includes the above-mentioned unlocking and separating system, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the rocket launch mission.

[0032] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application. Obviously, various modifications and combinations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are only exemplary illustrations of the present application defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalent technologies, the intention of the present application includes these changes and modifications. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

[0033] It should also be noted that in the devices and methods of the present application, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. These decompositions and / or recombinations should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present application.

[0034] The above description of the disclosed aspects enables any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these aspects are very obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0035] The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit embodiments of the present application to the form disclosed herein. Although several example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize some of their variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and subcombinations.

Claims

1. An unlocking and separating device, characterized in that, Comprising: A plurality of unlocking and separating units, each unlocking and separating unit comprising a gas supply assembly, a controllable switch assembly and a pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly; the controllable switch assembly comprises a plurality of sub-controllable switches connected in parallel, the pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly comprises a plurality of unlocking and separating structures connected in parallel, an air outlet of the gas supply assembly is communicated with an air inlet of each unlocking and separating structure through each sub-controllable switch, and the unlocking and separating structures of two adjacent unlocking and separating units are connected by a device to be separated.

2. The unlocking and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each unlocking and separating unit further comprises an exhaust switch, and the exhaust switch is arranged at the air inlet of the unlocking and separating structure.

3. The unlocking and separating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that Each unlocking and separating unit further comprises an exhaust orifice plate, and the exhaust orifice plate is arranged between an air outlet of the controllable switch assembly and an air inlet of the pneumatic unlocking and separating assembly.

4. The unlocking and separating device according to claim 3, wherein, The diameter of the exhaust orifice plate is 0.1 mm to 1 mm.

5. The unlocking and separating device according to claim 4, wherein Each unlocking and separating unit further comprises a pressure reducing switch, and the pressure reducing switch is arranged between an air outlet of the gas supply assembly and an air inlet of the controllable switch assembly.

6. The unlocking and separating device according to claim 4, characterized in that Each unlocking and separating unit further comprises a pressure sensing part, and the pressure sensing part is arranged at the air inlet of the controllable switch assembly.

7. An unlocking and separating system, characterized in that, Comprising: A controller and the unlocking and separating device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 electrically connected to the controller.

8. A launch vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising the unlocking and separating system according to claim 7.

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