Device for collecting settled particles in surface water

Abstract

The invention provides a device for collecting settled particles in surface water, belongs to the field of hydrogeological technical engineering, and is used for solving the problems that in the prior art, the sampling process of lake and river sediments is low in efficiency, and interference is caused due to the fact that resuspension of bottom mud is influenced by manual operation. According to the invention, the balance part and the balance ring are additionally arranged in the balance seat of the collector, so that the collector can be kept in a vertical state when being in lake or river bottom mud; the collector is divided into the collecting barrel body and the collecting barrel cover, and the collecting barrel wall is designed to be of a telescopic structure, so that the cover body can be pulled open through the gravity of the counterweight ring when the collector is placed in lake or river bottom mud, obstruction to transverse water flow is reduced, and a collecting channel for settling particles carried by the transverse water flow is opened; a closing ring and a recycling rope are additionally arranged, the recycling rope drives the cover bodies to be closed at the same time, closing of the collecting barrel cover and recycling of the device are completed, the sampling efficiency is improved, and interference caused by resuspension of bottom mud is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of hydrogeological technology engineering, and particularly relates to a device for collecting sediment particles in surface water. Background Art

[0002] Surface water refers to the general term for dynamic and static water on the land surface, also known as "land water", including liquid water bodies such as rivers, lakes, swamps, etc. It is one of the important sources of human domestic water. China has more than 45,000 rivers with a drainage area of more than 50 square kilometers and 2,865 lakes with a perennial water surface area of not less than 1 square kilometer. In the areas surrounding these rivers and lakes, relying on their superior hydrogeological conditions and natural resource endowments, they have always been highly concentrated areas of human activities, especially intensive areas of agricultural planting and breeding. However, this high-intensity agricultural development has also made the river and lake basins the key areas for the generation and diffusion of agricultural non-point source pollution, and the difficulty of environmental monitoring research and protection and treatment is significantly increased. The study of sediment flux in lakes and rivers has always been the focus of the study of the material distribution characteristics and ecological risk assessment of lakes and rivers. Sediment flux not only reflects the processes of material migration, transformation and fate in water bodies, but also directly relates to the health status of the water ecosystem and the exertion of ecological functions. Therefore, accurately and efficiently obtaining sediment flux data is of great significance for evaluating the environmental quality and ecological risks of lakes and rivers.

[0003] Currently, the common research methods for sediment flux in lakes and rivers rely on divers to fix sediment traps in the bottom mud through brackets. Although this method can achieve sediment collection to a certain extent, it has many deficiencies. First of all, the operation of divers requires a large amount of manpower and time, resulting in low sampling efficiency. Especially in large-area and deep-water lakes and rivers, the operation difficulty and danger of divers are greatly increased, further restricting the wide application of this method. Secondly, the artificial operation process will affect the flow motion state around the collector. During the installation and recovery of the trap by divers, the water body will inevitably be disturbed, thus affecting the sedimentation process of suspended particles. This kind of disturbance will not only reduce the representativeness of sediment samples, but also may introduce additional errors, affecting the accuracy of research results. In addition, traditional sediment traps cannot collect the particles carried by the side water flow during the collection process, and there is also a risk of tipping, which will not only increase the uncertainty of the research, but also may have potential negative impacts on the subsequent research of the ecological environment of lakes and rivers.

[0004] In summary, the current common research methods for sediment flux in lakes and rivers have problems such as low sampling efficiency, great influence of artificial operation, and easy tipping of the collection device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for collecting settled particles in surface water, which is used to solve the problems of low efficiency of lake and river sediment sampling process, large impact of human operation, and easy dumping of the collection device in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned and other related purposes, the present invention provides a device for collecting settled particles in surface water, including a collector and a collector balance seat; The collector comprises a collecting cylinder and a collecting cylinder cover; a closed ring is arranged at the center of the top of the collecting cylinder, and comprises a retractable collecting cylinder wall, a counterweight ring is installed at the top of the collecting cylinder wall, and a guide support column is installed on the inner side of the collecting cylinder wall; the collecting cylinder cover comprises a cover body and a recovery rope; the cover bodies are multiple and are fixedly connected to the recovery ropes respectively; the tail end of the recovery rope is fixedly connected to the counterweight ring, and is used to drive the cover body to open; the head end of the recovery rope passes through the closed ring and extends to the outside of the water surface, and is used to drive the cover body to close and complete the recovery of the device; The collector balance seat is installed at the bottom end of the collector, and includes a balance seat body and a counterweight; the balance seat body is provided with a mounting hole, a balance ring is installed in the mounting hole, and is hinged to the collecting cylinder through the balance ring; the counterweight is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the collecting cylinder.

[0007] Optionally, the collecting cylinder body further comprises a collecting cylinder neck, and the collecting cylinder neck is fixedly connected to the top end of the guide support column to form a guiding structure of the collecting cylinder wall.

[0008] Optionally, the collecting tube neck is provided with an outward protrusion; the bottom ends of the plurality of cover bodies are respectively hinged to the top end of the collecting tube neck, and when closed, they are combined to form a conical collecting tube cover.

[0009] Optionally, a vertically arranged connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the collecting cylinder, a sleeve rod is fixedly connected inside the connecting sleeve, and the closed ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the sleeve rod.

[0010] Optionally, a collecting plate is installed on the sleeve rod along the length direction, a flange is provided at the center of the collecting plate, and the collecting plate is sleeved on the sleeve rod through the flange.

[0011] Optionally, a closed-loop support rod is fixedly connected to the top of the collecting cylinder, and there are multiple closed-loop support rods, one end of each of the multiple closed-loop support rods is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder wall of the collecting cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the closed loop.

[0012] Optionally, the counterweight is a hemispherical structure with a lower end protruding downward, and the top end of the counterweight is detachably connected to the bottom end of the collecting cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, two outer hinge shafts arranged coaxially and symmetrically are hinged on the balance ring, and are hinged in the mounting hole through the two outer hinge shafts; Two inner hinge shafts arranged coaxially and symmetrically are also hinged on the balance ring, and are hinged on the collection cylinder through the two inner hinge shafts; The axes of the two outer hinge shafts and the axes of the two inner hinge shafts are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0014] Optionally, the balance seat body includes a support rod, a fixed rod and a mounting ring; The support rod is horizontally arranged and fixedly connected in sequence to form a hollow support structure; The fixed rod is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the support rod, and the bottom end is a sharp convex structure; The mounting ring is horizontally arranged and connected with a connecting rod between the support rod, and is fixedly connected to the center of the support structure through the connecting rod.

[0015] As described above, the device for collecting sedimentary particles in surface water of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, the device for collecting sedimentary particles in surface water is split into a collector and a collector balance seat; and the collector is split into a collection cylinder and a collection cylinder cover. The telescopic structure design of the collection cylinder wall enables the collector to easily open the cover body under the action of the gravity of the counterweight ring when in the lake or river bottom mud, and can also reduce the obstruction to the lateral water flow, opening the collection channel for the sedimentary particles carried by the lateral water flow; the addition of the closing ring and the recovery rope enables the collection cylinder cover to be controlled to close through remote operation (driving multiple cover bodies to close simultaneously by using the recovery rope) without direct intervention of divers, greatly reducing the interference of human operation on the water environment, and at the same time reducing the work burden and potential risks of divers. By adding a collector balance seat and installing it at the bottom end of the collector, the counterweight can ensure that the collector remains vertical during the sinking process. The balance seat body is provided with a mounting hole and a balance ring installed in the mounting hole, which can ensure that the collector remains vertical when in the lake or river bottom mud and complete the sedimentary particle collection work.

[0016] In the present invention, by fixedly connecting the collection cylinder neck to the top end of the guiding support column, a stable and precise guiding structure is constructed. This design not only enhances the stability of the overall structure, but also ensures the telescopic path of the collection cylinder wall. The structure with an outward protrusion is provided on the collection cylinder neck, which ensures that a stable angle can be formed between the cover body and the recovery rope. When a pulling force is applied to the end of the recovery rope, this angle can decompose the pulling force into an outward turning acting force, thus easily realizing the turning and opening of the cover body, ensuring the simplicity and reliability of the operation. At the same time, the collection plate installed along the length direction of the sleeve rod, cooperating with the collection cylinder wall in a compressed state, can complete the collection work of the sedimentary particles carried by the lateral water flow per unit height.

[0017] In the present invention, a collector balance seat is installed at the bottom of the collector, and the balance seat body is split into a support rod, a fixed rod, and a mounting ring; the hollow balance seat body can effectively reduce the water resistance during its descent, and the sharp protrusion at the bottom of the fixed rod can more effectively penetrate the sediment at the bottom of a lake or river, ensuring that the device is not easily loosened or displaced during fixation, thereby improving the accuracy of collection. The counterweight is designed as a hemispherical shape, which not only provides sufficient counterweight to ensure that the collector can maintain a vertical state during the sinking process, avoiding tilting or rolling caused by water flow interference, but also the hemispherical counterweight has good streamline characteristics, effectively reducing the water resistance and helping the device to reach the target depth more smoothly. The balance ring and the inner and outer hinge shafts installed on the balance ring can, in the case of uneven bottoms of lakes and rivers, enable the collector to adjust to a vertical state under the action of the gravity of the counterweight through the balance ring and the inner and outer hinge shafts installed on the balance ring, and then complete the collection of sediment particles settling in lakes and rivers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the collector and the counterweight of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the guiding structure formed by the guiding support column and the collecting cylinder neck of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collecting plate of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the balance seat body of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the balance ring of the present invention.

[0019] DESCRIPTION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS 1. Counterweight; 2. Balance seat body; 201. Support rod; 202. Fixed rod; 203. Mounting ring; 3. Balance ring; 301. Outer hinge shaft; 302. Inner hinge shaft; 4. Collecting cylinder body; 401. Counterweight ring; 402. Connecting sleeve; 403. Sleeve rod; 404. Collecting plate; 405. Guiding support column; 406. Collecting cylinder neck; 5. Collecting cylinder cover; 6. Closing ring; 7. Recovery rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0020] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change in the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present invention can be implemented.

[0022] The following various embodiments are only for illustration purposes. Combinations can be made between the various embodiments, and it is not limited to the content shown in the following single embodiments only.

[0023] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6, the present invention provides a device for collecting sediment particles in surface water, comprising a collector and a collector balance base; the collector includes a collecting cylinder body 4 and a collecting cylinder cover 5; a closing ring 6 is arranged at the center of the top end of the collecting cylinder body 4, and the collecting cylinder wall is telescopic (here, the collecting cylinder wall can refer to the stretching structure of a corrugated pipe), a counterweight ring 401 is installed at the top end of the collecting cylinder wall, and a guiding support column 405 is installed on the inner side of the collecting cylinder wall; the collecting cylinder cover 5 includes a cover body and a recovery rope 7; there are multiple cover bodies, and the top ends of the cover bodies are respectively fixedly connected to the recovery rope 7 (the connection port between the collecting cylinder cover 5 and the top end of the collecting cylinder body 4 shown in the figure is square, and the square will be taken as an example for subsequent description, and the number of cover bodies is not limited here); the tail end of the recovery rope 7 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the counterweight ring 401 and is used to drive the cover body to open (when the collecting device sinks to the bottom of a lake or a river, under the action of the gravity of the counterweight ring 401, the collecting cylinder wall is converted from a stretched state to a compressed state, and at the same time, the counterweight ring 401 drives the cover body to flip through the recovery rope 7, completely exposing the inside of the collecting cylinder body 4 at the bottom of the lake or the river); the head end of the recovery rope 7 passes through the closing ring 6 and extends outside the water surface, and is used to drive the cover body to close to complete the recovery of the device (after the collection time arrives, by pulling the head end of the recovery rope 7, the recovery rope 7 cooperates with the closing ring 6 to close the cover body, realizing the closing of the collecting cylinder cover 5, and at the same time driving the counterweight ring 401 to rise, and the collecting cylinder wall is converted from a compressed state to a stretched state to close the collecting cylinder body 4); the collector balance base is installed at the bottom end of the collector and includes a balance base body 2 and a counterweight member 1; the balance base body 2 is provided with an installation hole, a balance ring 3 is installed in the installation hole, and the collecting cylinder body 4 is hinged through the balance ring 3; the counterweight member 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the collecting cylinder body 4. In this application, the device for collecting sediment particles in surface water is split into a collector and a collector balance base; and the collector is split into a collecting cylinder body 4 and a collecting cylinder cover 5. The telescopic structure design of the collecting cylinder wall enables the collector to easily open the cover body under the action of the gravity of the counterweight ring 401 when in the lake or river bottom mud, and can also reduce the obstruction to the lateral water flow, opening the collection channel for the sediment particles carried by the lateral water flow; the installation of the closing ring 6 and the recovery rope 7 enables the closing of the collecting cylinder cover 5 to be controlled through remote operation (using the recovery rope 7 to drive multiple cover bodies to close simultaneously) without direct intervention by divers, greatly reducing the interference of human operation on the water environment, and at the same time reducing the work burden and potential risks of divers. By installing the collector balance base at the bottom end of the collector, the counterweight member 1 can ensure that the collector remains vertical during the sinking process. The balance base body 2 is provided with an installation hole and the balance ring 3 installed in the installation hole can ensure that the collector remains vertical when in the lake or river bottom mud to complete the collection work of sediment particles.

[0024] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 4, the collection cylinder body 4 further includes a collection cylinder neck 406, and the collection cylinder neck 406 is fixedly connected to the top end of the guiding support column 405 to form a guiding structure of the collection cylinder wall. Please refer to Figure 3 (here, the guiding support column 405 and the counterweight ring 401 are arranged with a gap), the collection cylinder neck 406 has an outward protrusion; the bottom ends of the plurality of cover bodies are respectively hinged to the top end of the collection cylinder neck 406, and when closed, they enclose to form a conical collection cylinder cover 5 (the connection port between the collection cylinder cover 5 and the top end of the collection cylinder body 4 in the figure is square, and the square will be used as an example for subsequent description, and the number of cover bodies is not limited here); a vertically arranged connection sleeve 402 is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the collection cylinder body 4, a sleeve rod 403 is fixedly connected inside the connection sleeve 402, the closing ring 6 is fixedly connected to the top end of the sleeve rod 403, a collection plate 404 is installed along the length direction of the sleeve rod 403, a flanging is provided in the center of the collection plate 404, and the collection plate 404 is sleeved on the sleeve rod 403 through the flanging. The detachable design here facilitates adjusting the number of layers of the collection plate 404 according to actual needs (an outward flanging extending upward can also be installed on the outside of the collection plate 404 to prevent the sediment particles on the upper collection plate 404 from falling onto the lower collection plate 404 during the recycling process of the collector), a closing ring 6 support rod 201 is fixedly connected to the top end of the collection cylinder body 4, there are a plurality of the closing ring 6 support rods 201, one end of each of the plurality of closing ring 6 support rods 201 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder wall of the collection cylinder body 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to the closing ring 6. In this application, by fixedly connecting the collection cylinder neck 406 to the top end of the guiding support column 405, a stable and precise guiding structure is constructed. This design not only enhances the stability of the overall structure but also ensures the telescopic path of the collection cylinder wall. The structure with an outward protrusion provided on the collection cylinder neck 406 ensures that a stable included angle can be formed between the cover body and the recovery rope 7. When a pulling force is applied to the tail end of the recovery rope 7, this included angle can decompose the pulling force into an outward flipping acting force, thus easily realizing the flipping and opening of the cover body, ensuring the simplicity and reliability of the operation. At the same time, the collection plate 404 installed along the length direction of the sleeve rod 403, in cooperation with the collection cylinder wall in a compressed state, can complete the collection of sediment particles carried by the horizontal water flow per unit height.

[0025] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1 to 6, the counterweight 1 is of a hemispherical structure with the lower end protruding downward. The top end of the counterweight 1 is detachably connected to the bottom end of the collection cylinder 4. Two externally hinged shafts 301 arranged coaxially and symmetrically are hinged on the balance ring 3 and are hinged in the mounting hole through the two externally hinged shafts 301; two internally hinged shafts 302 arranged coaxially and symmetrically are also hinged on the balance ring 3 and are hinged on the collection cylinder 4 through the two internally hinged shafts 302; the axes of the two externally hinged shafts 301 and the axes of the two internally hinged shafts 302 are arranged perpendicular to each other (here, the balance ring 3 can also be designed as an inner balance ring and an outer balance ring as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown. The corresponding outer balance ring is hinged in the mounting hole through two externally hinged shafts 301; the inner balance ring is hinged inside the outer balance ring through two internally hinged shafts 302. The collection cylinder 4 and the counterweight 1 are respectively threadedly connected to the inner balance ring. The addition of the inner balance ring facilitates the detachable connection of the collection cylinder 4), the balance seat body 2 includes a support rod 201, a fixed rod 202 and a mounting ring 203; the support rod 201 is horizontally arranged and sequentially fixedly connected to form a hollow support structure; the fixed rod 202 is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the support rod 201, and the bottom end is a sharp convex structure; the mounting ring 203 is horizontally arranged and is connected to the support rod 201 by a connecting rod and is fixedly connected to the center of the support structure through the connecting rod. In this application, a collector balance seat is added to the bottom end of the collector, and the balance seat body 2 is split into a support rod 201, a fixed rod 202 and a mounting ring 203; the hollow balance seat body 2 can effectively reduce the water resistance during its own descent. The sharp convex bottom end of the fixed rod 202 can more effectively penetrate the bottom mud of the lake or river, ensuring that the device is not easily loosened or displaced during fixation, thereby improving the collection accuracy. The counterweight 1 is designed as a hemisphere, which not only provides sufficient counterweight to ensure that the collector can maintain a vertical state during the sinking process, avoiding tilting or rolling caused by water flow interference, but also the hemispherical counterweight 1 has good streamline characteristics, effectively reducing the water resistance and helping the device to reach the target depth more smoothly. The balance ring 3 and the internally hinged shaft 302 and the externally hinged shaft 301 added to the balance ring 3 can, in the case of uneven bottoms of lakes and rivers, enable the collector to be adjusted to a vertical state under the gravity of the counterweight 1 through the balance ring 3 and the internally hinged shaft 302 and the externally hinged shaft 301 added to the balance ring 3, and then complete the collection of sediment particles in lakes and rivers.

[0026] In summary, the present invention overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art, solves problems such as low efficiency in the process of sampling lake and river sediments in the prior art, great influence of manual operation, and easy tipping of the collection device, and provides convenience for relevant departments to study the health of the local lake or river ecosystem and to prevent local agricultural non-point source pollution.

[0027] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for collecting sediment particles in surface water, characterized in that: It includes a collector and a collector balance base; The collector includes a collection cylinder body and a collection cylinder cover; a closing ring is arranged at the center of the top end of the collection cylinder body, and it includes a telescopic collection cylinder wall. A counterweight ring is installed at the top end of the collection cylinder wall, and guiding support columns are installed inside the collection cylinder wall; the collection cylinder cover includes a cover body and a recovery rope; there are multiple cover bodies which are respectively fixedly connected to the recovery rope; the tail end of the recovery rope is fixedly connected to the counterweight ring for driving the cover body to open; the head end of the recovery rope passes through the closing ring and extends outside the water surface for driving the cover body to close to complete the recovery of the device; The collector balance base is installed at the bottom end of the collector and includes a balance base main body and a counterweight; the balance base main body is provided with an installation hole, a balance ring is installed in the installation hole, and the collection cylinder body is hinged through the balance ring; the counterweight is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the collection cylinder body.

2. The surface water sediment particle collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection cylinder body further includes a collection cylinder neck, and the collection cylinder neck is fixedly connected to the top end of the guiding support column to form a guiding structure for the collection cylinder wall.

3. The surface water sediment particle collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collection cylinder neck is provided with an outward protrusion; the bottom ends of multiple cover bodies are respectively hinged to the top end of the collection cylinder neck, and when closed, they enclose to form a conical collection cylinder cover.

4. The surface water sediment particle collection device according to claim 1, wherein: A vertically arranged connecting sleeve is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the collection cylinder body, a sleeve rod is fixedly connected inside the connecting sleeve, and the closing ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the sleeve rod.

5. The device for collecting sedimentary particulate matter in surface water according to claim 1, wherein: A collection plate is installed along the length direction of the sleeve rod, and a flanging is provided at the center of the collection plate, and the collection plate is sleeved on the sleeve rod through the flanging.

6. The device for collecting sedimented particulate matter in surface water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A closing ring support rod is fixedly connected to the top end of the collection cylinder body, there are multiple closing ring support rods, one ends of multiple closing ring support rods are fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder wall of the collection cylinder body, and the other ends are fixedly connected to the closing ring.

7. The sediment particle collection device for surface water according to claim 1, wherein: The counterweight is of a hemispherical structure and protrudes downward at the low end, and the top end of the counterweight is detachably connected to the bottom end of the collection cylinder body.

8. The sediment particle collection device in surface water according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two coaxially symmetrically arranged outer hinge shafts are hinged on the balance ring and are hinged in the installation hole through the two outer hinge shafts; Two coaxially symmetrically arranged inner hinge shafts are also hinged on the balance ring and are hinged on the collection cylinder body through the two inner hinge shafts; The axes of the two outer hinge shafts and the axes of the two inner hinge shafts are arranged perpendicular to each other.

9. The sediment particle collection device in surface water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The balance base main body includes a support rod, a fixed rod and an installation ring; The support rod is horizontally arranged and is fixedly connected in sequence to form a hollow support structure; The fixed rod is vertically arranged and fixedly connected to the support rod, and the bottom end is a sharp protrusion structure; The installation ring is horizontally arranged and a connecting rod is connected between the installation ring and the support rod, and the installation ring is fixedly connected to the center of the support structure through the connecting rod.

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