An apparatus and method for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown.

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of lightning measurement technology, and discloses a device and method for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown. The device includes a high-voltage plate, a ground plate, an insulating support platform, an openable metal shielding box, a current sensor, and a first rod electrode. The insulating support platform is disposed in the middle of the ground plate, an insulating support pillar is provided in the middle of the insulating support platform, and the current sensor is mounted on the top outer wall of the insulating support pillar. An adjustment screw hole is provided in the middle of the top upper surface of the openable metal shielding box, and an insulating screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the adjustment screw hole. The first rod electrode is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve. The present invention utilizes the adjustable screw sleeve to adjust the height difference between the rod electrode and the high-voltage plate. During the combined gap breakdown process, the breakdown current is measured. During the pilot-streamer plasma stage before the arc appears, the conduction current caused by charge migration on the suspended conductor is obtained, effectively collecting a smaller conduction current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lightning measurement, and more specifically, to an apparatus and method for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown. Background Technology

[0002] Lightning is a frequent natural discharge phenomenon, occurring an average of 8 million times daily globally. Due to its powerful current, intense heat, violent shock waves, and strong electromagnetic radiation, it can cause immense damage in an instant, posing a serious threat to life and property. Therefore, collecting and studying the conduction current flowing through the suspended conductor during combined lightning discharges is of great significance. However, current measurement methods primarily involve measuring the current flowing through the suspended conductor after the lightning discharge process using acquisition equipment. While this method yields high current amplitudes and large energy values, it remains difficult to accurately measure and collect smaller conduction currents. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an apparatus and method for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown, solving the technical problem in related technologies that it is impossible to accurately measure and collect the small conduction current of a suspended conductor.

[0004] The present invention provides a device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown, comprising a high-voltage plate and a grounding plate arranged in parallel, an insulating support platform, an openable metal shielding box, a current sensor, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a test assembly;

[0005] An insulating support platform is set in the middle of the grounding plate. An insulating pillar is set in the middle of the insulating support platform. The current sensor is installed on the top outer wall of the insulating pillar. An adjusting screw hole is opened in the middle of the top surface of the openable metal shield box. An insulating screw sleeve is connected to the adjusting screw hole by thread. A first rod electrode is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve. The top end of the first rod electrode extends out of the upper surface of the insulating support platform. A connector is fitted on the outer wall of the first rod electrode. An inner guide plate is provided inside the openable metal shield box. The end of the connector is connected to the inner guide plate.

[0006] A perforation is made in the middle of the insulating support platform, and a second rod electrode is inserted into the perforation. The bottom end of the second rod electrode extends out of the lower surface of the insulating support platform, and the top end of the second rod electrode is connected to the bottom outer wall of the inner guide plate.

[0007] The test component is connected to the current sensor, and the test component outputs a test waveform.

[0008] Furthermore, the connector includes a connecting plate and a support spring, the support spring being mounted on the outer wall of the connecting plate, and the end of the support spring being connected to the outer wall of the inner guide plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the test components include a built-in electro-optic converter, an external electro-optic converter, and a digital oscilloscope. An insulating base is provided on the insulating support platform, the built-in electro-optic converter is placed on the insulating base, the external electro-optic converter and the digital oscilloscope are connected by a coaxial cable, and the external electro-optic converter and the built-in electro-optic converter are connected by an optical fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, an equipment stand is provided outside the grounding plate, on which an external electro-optical converter and a digital oscilloscope are mounted.

[0011] Furthermore, a converter shield is provided on the outer wall of the insulating base, and the converter shield is fitted onto the outer wall of the built-in electro-optic converter.

[0012] Furthermore, an adjustment frame is provided at the bottom of the insulating support platform, which can be adjusted to achieve the height difference between the upper surface of the insulating support platform and the surfaces of the high-voltage plate and the grounding plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the openable metal shield is provided with an insulating coating, and the inner guide plate is disposed on the inner wall of the insulating coating.

[0014] Furthermore, a through groove is opened in the middle of the insulating support, and the bottom end of the first electrode is inserted into the through groove, so that the first electrode always maintains an upright structure.

[0015] Furthermore, the connector is located on the outer wall of the first electrode near the insulating sleeve, which completely insulates the first electrode from the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1: Place the adjustment frame and insulating support platform between the high-voltage plate and the grounding plate, with the placement position at the center of the grounding plate. Place the openable metal shielding box at the center of the upper surface of the insulating support platform.

[0018] S2: Install the insulating screw sleeve outside the first rod electrode. The insulating screw sleeve is connected to the adjusting screw hole by thread. Slide the current sensor onto the outer wall of the first rod electrode. Place a converter shield near the current sensor. Place the built-in electro-optic converter inside the converter shield. Connect the current sensor to the built-in electro-optic converter through the converter shield via a coaxial cable. Connect the transmission optical fiber through the converter shield to the external photoelectric sensor.

[0019] S3: The first electrode passes through the opening of the adjusting screw hole and extends out of the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box. The change is achieved by adjusting the adjusting screw hole through the insulating screw sleeve. The optical fiber connecting the built-in electro-optic converter is connected to the external photoelectric converter. The external electro-optic converter is connected to the digital oscilloscope through the coaxial cable.

[0020] S4: High-voltage charging is performed through a high-voltage plate, followed by high-voltage breakdown gap. The high-voltage arc passes through the first electrode to the second electrode and finally enters the grounding plate. The current sensor collects the current signal flowing through the first electrode of the suspended conductor. The current sensor transmits the current signal collected from the first electrode of the suspended conductor to the digital oscilloscope via the built-in electro-optical converter, output optical fiber, and external electro-optical converter, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal. Finally, the digital oscilloscope outputs the waveform.

[0021] S5: Adjust the height difference between the first electrode and the high-voltage plate by rotating the insulating screw sleeve. At the same time, adjust the height difference between the platform of the insulating support on the adjustment frame and the grounding plate to adjust different gaps for the experiment and measure a set of output waveforms.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention employs a photoelectric transmission system to protect equipment and personnel, reducing setup time during testing. It also features an adjustable screw sleeve, utilizing the height difference between the adjusting rod electrode and the high-voltage plate to measure the breakdown current flowing through the suspended conductor during the combined gap breakdown process. Before the arc appears within the combined gap, during the pilot-jets plasma development stage, it acquires the conduction current caused by charge migration on the suspended conductor, effectively collecting a relatively small conduction current. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 The present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the front-view perspective structure;

[0026] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the flow of conduction current in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first electrode;

[0028] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an openable metal shielded box.

[0029] In the diagram: 100, First electrode; 110, Insulating screw sleeve; 120, Support spring; 130, Connecting plate; 140, Insulating support column; 150, Current sensor; 200, Openable metal shielded box; 210, Adjusting screw hole; 220, Inner guide plate; 300, Insulating support platform; 310, Adjusting frame; 320, Equipment base; 330, Insulating base; 340, Built-in electro-optic converter; 350, Converter shield; 400, High-voltage plate; 500, Grounding plate; 600, External electro-optic converter; 700, Digital oscilloscope; 800, Second electrode. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and changes may be made to the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of this specification. Various processes or components may be omitted, substituted, or added as needed in the examples. Furthermore, features described in some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, an apparatus for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown includes:

[0032] A set of parallel high-voltage plate 400 and grounding plate 500, with an insulating support platform 300 in the middle of the grounding plate 500. The bottom of the insulating support platform 300 is provided with an adjustment frame 310. The adjustment frame 310 can be adjusted to achieve the height difference between the upper surface of the insulating support platform 300 and the plate surfaces of the high-voltage plate 400 and the grounding plate 500.

[0033] The high-voltage plate 400 serves as the high-voltage end, and the grounding plate 500 serves as the low-voltage end. In the high-voltage experimental setup, the high-voltage plate 400 is located above and the grounding plate 500 is located below to simulate a real lightning or discharge environment.

[0034] The insulating support platform 300 has an upright insulating column 140 in the middle, and a current sensor 150 is installed on the top of the insulating column 140.

[0035] An insulated support column 140 has a through groove in the middle, and the bottom end of the first rod electrode 100 is inserted into the through groove so that the first rod electrode 100 maintains an upright structure.

[0036] An openable metal shielding box 200 is placed in the middle of the insulating support platform 300. An adjusting screw hole 210 is opened in the middle of the top upper surface of the openable metal shielding box 200. An insulating screw sleeve 110 is threadedly connected to the adjusting screw hole 210. A first rod electrode 100 is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve 110. The top end of the first rod electrode 100 extends out of the upper surface of the insulating support platform 300. A connector is sleeved on the outer wall of the first rod electrode 100. The connector is located near the bottom end of the insulating screw sleeve 110. The insulating screw sleeve 110 completely insulates the first rod electrode 100 from the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box 200 to prevent flashover due to surface discharge.

[0037] It should be added that the metal enclosure of the openable metal shielding box 200 forms a Faraday cage, which confines the electromagnetic interference of the high-voltage arc inside the box.

[0038] The interior of the openable metal shielding box 200 is provided with an inner guide plate 220. The end of the connector is connected to the inner guide plate 220. The connector includes a connecting plate 130 and a support spring 120. The support spring 120 is installed on the outer wall of the connecting plate 130, and the end of the support spring 120 is connected to the outer wall of the inner guide plate 220.

[0039] It should be noted that the inner wall of the openable metal shield is provided with an insulating coating, and the inner guide plate 220 is set on the inner wall of the insulating coating. The openable metal shield serves as a bridge between the upper and lower high voltage plate 400 and the grounding plate 500 of the rod electrode, forming a complete circuit.

[0040] A through hole is made in the middle of the insulating support platform 300, and a second rod electrode 800 is inserted into the through hole. The bottom end of the second rod electrode 800 extends out of the lower surface of the insulating support platform 300. The bottom end of the second rod electrode 800 is perpendicular to the surface of the grounding plate 500. There is a fitting gap between the top end of the second rod electrode 800 and the bottom outer wall of the inner conductor 220. The width of the fitting gap is between [0mm, 10mm]. The test conditions of double gap can be formed by adjusting the fitting gap. During the test, the top end of the second rod electrode 800 is connected to the bottom end of the inner conductor 220.

[0041] The test waveform is output by connecting the current sensor 150 through the test components, which include a built-in electro-optic converter 340, an external electro-optic converter 600, and a digital oscilloscope 700.

[0042] An insulating base 330 is provided on the insulating support platform 300. An internal electro-optic converter 340 is provided on the insulating base 330. The detection end of the current sensor 150 is connected to the bottom outer wall of the first rod electrode 100. The internal electro-optic converter 340 and the current sensor 150 are connected by a coaxial cable.

[0043] Outside the grounding plate 500, there is also a device base 320. An external electro-optical converter 600 and a digital oscilloscope 700 are installed on the device base 320. The external electro-optical converter 600 and the digital oscilloscope 700 are connected by a coaxial cable. The external electro-optical converter 600 and the built-in electro-optical converter 340 are connected by an optical fiber.

[0044] Meanwhile, a converter shield 350 is provided on the outer wall of the insulating base 330, and the converter shield 350 is fitted on the outer wall of the built-in electro-optic converter 340.

[0045] The following measurements are performed using the aforementioned apparatus, and the method includes the following steps:

[0046] S1: Place the adjusting frame 310 and the insulating support platform 300 between the high voltage plate 400 and the grounding plate 500, with the placement position at the center of the grounding plate 500. Place the openable metal shielding box at the center of the upper surface of the insulating support platform 300.

[0047] S2: Install the insulating screw sleeve 110 outside the first rod electrode 100. The insulating screw sleeve 110 is connected to the adjusting screw hole 210 by thread. Sleeve the current sensor 150 onto the outer wall of the first rod electrode 100. Place a converter shield 350 near the current sensor 150. Place the built-in electro-optic converter 340 inside the converter shield 350. Connect the current sensor 150 to the built-in electro-optic converter 340 through the converter shield 350 via a coaxial cable. Connect the transmission optical fiber through the converter shield 350 to the external photoelectric sensor.

[0048] S3: The first electrode 100 passes through the opening of the adjusting screw hole 210 through the upper surface of the openable metal shield box and is kept at a certain height. This height can be changed by adjusting the insulating screw sleeve 110 in the adjusting screw hole 210. Then, the optical fiber connecting the built-in electro-optic converter 340 is connected to the external photoelectric converter. The external electro-optic converter 600 is connected to the digital oscilloscope 700 through the coaxial line.

[0049] S4: High-voltage charging is performed through the high-voltage plate 400, followed by high-voltage breakdown gap. The high-voltage arc passes through the first electrode 100 to the second electrode 800 and finally enters the grounding plate 500. During this process, the current sensor 150 collects the current signal flowing through the first electrode 100 of the suspended conductor. The current sensor 150 transmits the current signal collected from the first electrode 100 of the suspended conductor through the built-in electro-optical converter → output optical fiber → external electro-optical converter 600 → digital oscilloscope 700. The transmitted electrical signal is displayed graphically by the digital oscilloscope 700, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal. Finally, the digital oscilloscope 700 outputs a waveform, which is the current collected on the first electrode 100 of the suspended conductor.

[0050] S5: Adjust the height difference between the first rod electrode 100 and the high voltage plate 400 by rotating the insulating screw sleeve 110. At the same time, adjust the height difference between the table surface of the insulating support platform 300 on the adjustment frame 310 and the grounding plate 500 to adjust different gaps for the experiment and measure a set of output waveforms.

[0051] It should be noted that when the insulating screw sleeve 110 is adjusted by rotation, the support spring 120 extends and retracts between the connecting plate 130 and the inner surface of the openable metal shielding box 200.

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention, all of which are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown, characterized in that, It includes a high-voltage plate and a grounding plate arranged in parallel, an insulating support platform, an openable metal shielding box, a current sensor, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a test assembly; An insulating support platform is set in the middle of the grounding plate. An insulating pillar is set in the middle of the insulating support platform. The current sensor is installed on the top outer wall of the insulating pillar. An adjusting screw hole is opened in the middle of the top surface of the openable metal shield box. An insulating screw sleeve is connected to the adjusting screw hole by thread. A first rod electrode is inserted into the insulating screw sleeve. The top end of the first rod electrode extends out of the upper surface of the insulating support platform. A connector is fitted on the outer wall of the first rod electrode. An inner guide plate is provided inside the openable metal shield box. The end of the connector is connected to the inner guide plate. The insulating support has a through slot in the middle, and the bottom end of the first electrode is inserted into the through slot. The first electrode always maintains an upright structure. The connector is located on the outer wall of the first electrode near the insulating screw sleeve, which completely insulates the first electrode from the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box. The connector includes a connecting plate and a support spring. The support spring is installed on the outer wall of the connecting plate, and the end of the support spring is connected to the outer wall of the inner guide plate. The bottom of the insulating support platform is equipped with an adjustment frame, which can be adjusted to achieve the height difference between the upper surface of the insulating support platform and the surfaces of the high voltage plate and the grounding plate. A perforation is made in the middle of the insulating support platform, and a second rod electrode is inserted into the perforation. The bottom end of the second rod electrode extends out of the lower surface of the insulating support platform, and the top end of the second rod electrode is connected to the bottom outer wall of the inner guide plate. The test component is connected to the current sensor, and the test component outputs a test waveform.

2. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 1, characterized in that, The test components include a built-in electro-optic converter, an external electro-optic converter, and a digital oscilloscope. An insulating base is provided on the insulating support platform. The built-in electro-optic converter is placed on the insulating base. The external electro-optic converter and the digital oscilloscope are connected by a coaxial cable, and the external electro-optic converter and the built-in electro-optic converter are connected by an optical fiber.

3. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 2, characterized in that, An equipment stand is also provided outside the grounding plate, on which an external electro-optical converter and a digital oscilloscope are mounted.

4. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 3, characterized in that, A converter shield is provided on the outer wall of the insulating base, and the converter shield is fitted onto the outer wall of the built-in electro-optic converter.

5. The device for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the openable metal shield is provided with an insulating coating, and the inner guide plate is disposed on the inner wall of the insulating coating.

6. A method for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown, characterized in that, The measurement is performed using an apparatus for measuring the conduction current of a suspended conductor before breakdown, as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: S1: Place the adjustment frame and insulating support platform between the high-voltage plate and the grounding plate, with the placement position at the center of the grounding plate. Place the openable metal shielding box at the center of the upper surface of the insulating support platform. S2: Install the insulating sleeve on the outside of the first rod electrode. The insulating sleeve is connected to the adjusting screw hole by thread. Slide the current sensor onto the outer wall of the first rod electrode. Place a converter shield near the current sensor. Place the built-in electro-optic converter inside the converter shield. Connect the current sensor to the built-in electro-optic converter through the converter shield via a coaxial cable. Connect the transmission optical fiber through the converter shield to the external photoelectric sensor. S3: The first electrode passes through the opening of the adjusting screw hole and extends out of the upper surface of the openable metal shielding box. The change is achieved by adjusting the adjusting screw hole through the insulating screw sleeve. The optical fiber connecting the built-in electro-optic converter is connected to the external photoelectric converter. The external electro-optic converter is connected to the digital oscilloscope through the coaxial cable. S4: High-voltage charging is performed through a high-voltage plate, followed by high-voltage breakdown gap. The high-voltage arc passes through the first electrode to the second electrode and finally enters the grounding plate. The current sensor collects the current signal flowing through the first electrode of the suspended conductor. The current sensor transmits the current signal collected from the first electrode of the suspended conductor to the digital oscilloscope via the built-in electro-optical converter, output optical fiber, and external electro-optical converter, converting the optical signal into an electrical signal. Finally, the digital oscilloscope outputs the waveform. S5: Adjust the height difference between the first electrode and the high-voltage plate by rotating the insulating screw sleeve. At the same time, adjust the height difference between the platform of the insulating support on the adjustment frame and the grounding plate to adjust different gaps for the experiment and measure a set of output waveforms.

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