Intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of smart agriculture, in particular to a smart agriculture monitoring system based on Internet of Things, which comprises a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a weeding machine, an irrigation machine, a fertilizer applicator and an information feedback module. The environment data is collected in real time, the time period is judged according to the data, the working priority is set, and then an instruction is issued through a wireless network to control specific operation, such as weeding, irrigation and fertilization with standard intensity. The system can also collect feedback and analyze operation data for adjustment of next work, and more accurate intelligent agricultural management is realized. And in combination with comparison between environment sensing parameters and preset values, priority tasks needing to be implemented in different environments at present are intelligently judged, and the execution module is effectively guided to efficiently complete operation. Meanwhile, the next operation task is adjusted by collecting operation effect data, the regulation and control capability of the crop growth environment is improved, and intelligent and standardized agricultural production is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of smart agriculture, and particularly to a smart agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0003] A patent document with the publication number CN107426958A discloses an agricultural monitoring system and method. The agricultural monitoring system includes: an imaging sensor, which is configured and used to collect image data of a partial agricultural area of crop growth with a sub-millimeter image resolution when the imaging sensor is airborne; a communication module, which is configured and used to send the image data content based on the image data collected by the airborne imaging sensor to an external system; and a connector for connecting the imaging sensor and the communication module to an airborne platform.

[0004] It can be seen that the agricultural monitoring system has the following problems:

[0005] In the prior art, the agricultural monitoring system is only used for monitoring and cannot adjust the tasks of working equipment in a timely manner according to the monitoring results. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the present invention provides a smart agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things to overcome the problem that the agricultural monitoring system in the prior art is only used for monitoring and cannot adjust the tasks of working equipment in a timely manner according to the monitoring results.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a smart agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, including:

[0008] A data acquisition module for real-time collecting environmental data within a farmland area;

[0009] A data analysis module connected to the sensor module through a wireless communication network, for judging the time zone where the environmental data is located according to the environmental data and its preset winter time node to form time zone information, and for analyzing the environmental data and the corresponding time zone information and setting different priorities for weeding operations, irrigation operations, and fertilization operations according to the analysis results to form control instructions for issuing weeding operations, irrigation operations, and fertilization operation tasks;

[0010] A weeding machine connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, for performing weeding operations with a weeding intensity of 10 plants / m 2 ;

[0011] An irrigation machine connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, for performing irrigation operations with 10 L / m according to the control instruction 2Perform irrigation operations at the irrigation intensity;

[0012] A fertilizer applicator, connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, for performing fertilizer application operations at a fertilizer application intensity of 20 g / m 2 ;

[0013] An information feedback module, respectively connected to the sensor module, the weeding machine, the irrigation machine, the fertilizer applicator and the data analysis module through the wireless communication network, for calculating the weeding amount of the weeding machine for one weeding operation, the irrigation amount of the irrigation machine for one irrigation operation and the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer applicator for one fertilizer application operation through the environmental data, and for feeding back the weeding amount, irrigation amount and fertilizer application amount to the data analysis module;

[0014] The data analysis module is further used to adjust the next weeding, irrigation and fertilizer application operations by analyzing the weeding amount, irrigation amount and fertilizer application amount, so as to form a weeding adjustment control instruction, an irrigation adjustment control instruction and a fertilizer application adjustment control instruction;

[0015] The irrigation machine is further used to adjust the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation according to the irrigation adjustment control instruction;

[0016] The weeding machine is further used to adjust the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation according to the weeding adjustment control instruction;

[0017] The fertilizer applicator is further used to adjust the fertilizer application intensity of the next fertilizer application operation according to the fertilizer application adjustment control instruction.

[0018] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes:

[0019] A humidity sensor, for monitoring the soil humidity in real time to obtain a humidity value;

[0020] A temperature sensor, for monitoring the air temperature in real time to obtain a temperature value;

[0021] A soil conductivity sensor, for monitoring the nutrient concentration in the soil in real time to obtain a conductivity value;

[0022] A weed density sensor, for monitoring the density of weeds in the farmland area in real time to obtain a weed density value;

[0023] An image sensor, for detecting the area of the farmland area to obtain a farmland area value.

[0024] Furthermore, the data analysis module includes:

[0025] A time zone judgment unit, for comparing the acquisition time of the environmental data with its preset winter node time, November 22nd of each year;

[0026] If the collection time is before November 22, the time zone judgment unit determines that the collection time is in a non-winter time zone;

[0027] If the collection time is after November 22, the time zone judgment unit determines that the collection time is in a winter time zone;

[0028] The priority division unit, connected to the time zone judgment unit, is used to compare the humidity data with a preset humidity threshold of 30% inside it according to the judgment result of the time zone judgment unit.

[0029] For the environmental data in the non-winter time zone, if the humidity value is less than 30%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment needs irrigation, and sets the irrigation operation as the current priority to form a first priority result.

[0030] If the humidity value is greater than or equal to 30%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment does not require irrigation operation, and the priority division unit compares the temperature value with a preset temperature threshold of <25>°C inside it.

[0031] If the temperature value is greater than <25>°C, the fertilization operation is set as the current priority, and the weeding operation is set to be carried out after the fertilization operation to form a second priority result.

[0032] If the temperature value is less than or equal to <25>°C, the weeding operation is set as the current priority, and the fertilization operation is set to be carried out after the weeding operation to form a third priority result.

[0033] For the environmental data in the winter time zone, the priority division unit determines that no fertilization operation is required. If the humidity value is less than 20%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment requires irrigation operation, and sets the irrigation operation as the current priority to form a fourth priority result.

[0034] If the humidity value is greater than or equal to 20%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment does not require irrigation and only requires weeding operation to form a fifth priority result.

[0035] The control instruction generation unit, connected to the priority division unit, is used to generate a first control instruction according to the first priority result, a second control instruction according to the second priority result, a third control instruction according to the third priority result, a fourth control instruction according to the fourth priority result, and a fifth control instruction according to the fifth priority result.

[0036] Further, the information feedback module includes:

[0037] A weeding amount calculation unit, configured to calculate the weeding amount of the weeding machine for one weeding operation based on the change amount of the weed density value and the farmland area value;

[0038] An irrigation amount calculation unit, configured to calculate the irrigation amount of the irrigation machine for one irrigation operation based on the change amount of the humidity value;

[0039] A fertilization amount calculation unit, configured to calculate the fertilization amount of the fertilization machine for one fertilization operation based on the change amount of the soil conductivity value;

[0040] An information feedback unit, connected to the weeding amount calculation unit, the irrigation amount calculation unit, and the fertilization amount calculation unit respectively, and configured to feedback the weeding amount, the irrigation amount, and the fertilization amount to the data analysis module.

[0041] Further, the weeding amount calculation unit includes:

[0042] A weed density difference calculation sub-unit, configured to calculate the weed density difference between the initial weed density value of the farmland area before one weeding operation and the remaining weed density value of the farmland area when one weeding operation is completed, where the weed density difference = initial weed density value - remaining weed density value;

[0043] A weed density difference conversion sub-unit, connected to the weed density difference calculation sub-unit, and configured to convert the weed density difference by multiplying the weed density difference by the farmland area value to obtain the weeding amount.

[0044] Further, the irrigation amount calculation unit includes:

[0045] An irrigation amount difference calculation sub-unit, configured to calculate the humidity difference between the final humidity value when one irrigation operation is completed and the initial humidity value of the soil before one irrigation operation, where the humidity difference = final humidity value - initial humidity value;

[0046] An irrigation amount calculation sub-unit, connected to the irrigation amount difference calculation sub-unit, and configured to calculate the humidity difference according to the rule that 10 liters of water need to be irrigated for every 1% change in humidity to obtain the irrigation amount.

[0047] Further, the fertilization amount calculation unit includes:

[0048] A fertilization amount difference calculation sub-unit, configured to calculate the conductivity value difference between the final conductivity value when one fertilization operation is completed and the initial conductivity value of the soil before one fertilization operation, where the conductivity value difference = final conductivity value - initial conductivity value;

[0049] A fertilization amount calculation sub-unit, connected to the fertilization requirement calculation sub-unit, and configured to be based on every 100 μS / cm2 The rule that a change in conductivity requires the application of 10 kg of fertilizer is used to calculate the difference in conductivity values to obtain the fertilization amount.

[0050] Furthermore, the data analysis module further includes:

[0051] A weeding amount analysis unit for determining whether to adjust the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation based on the weeding amount;

[0052] An irrigation amount analysis unit for determining whether to adjust the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation based on the irrigation amount;

[0053] A fertilization amount analysis unit for determining whether to adjust the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation based on the fertilization amount;

[0054] An adjustment control instruction generation unit, respectively connected to the weeding amount analysis unit, the irrigation amount analysis unit, and the fertilization amount analysis unit, for generating a weeding adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the weeding amount analysis unit, generating an irrigation adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the irrigation amount analysis unit, and generating a fertilization adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the fertilization amount analysis unit.

[0055] Furthermore, the weeding amount analysis unit includes:

[0056] A weeding amount comparison subunit for comparing the weeding amount with the product of 10 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value;

[0057] If the weeding amount is less than the product of 10 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value, the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to increase the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to form a first judgment result;

[0058] If the weeding amount is greater than or equal to the product of 10 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value, the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to decrease the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to form a second judgment result;

[0059] The irrigation amount analysis unit includes:

[0060] An irrigation amount comparison subunit for comparing the irrigation amount with the product of 10 L / m 2 and the farmland area value;

[0061] If the irrigation amount is less than the product of 10 L / m 2 and the farmland area value, the irrigation amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to increase the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to form a third judgment result;

[0062] If the weeding amount is greater than or equal to 10 L / m 2 multiplied by the farmland area value, then the irrigation amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to reduce the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to form a fourth judgment result;

[0063] The fertilization amount analysis unit includes:

[0064] A fertilization amount comparison subunit for comparing the fertilization amount with 1 S / m 2+ multiplied by the farmland area value;

[0065] If the fertilization amount is less than 1 S / m 2+ multiplied by the farmland area value, then the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to increase the fertilization intensity of the next weeding operation to form a fifth judgment result;

[0066] If the fertilization amount is greater than or equal to 1 S / m 2+ multiplied by the farmland area value, then the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to reduce the fertilization intensity of the next weeding operation to form a sixth judgment result.

[0067] Further, the adjustment control instruction generation unit includes:

[0068] A weeding intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit for increasing the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to 15 plants / m according to the first judgment result 2 , and for reducing the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to 8 plants / m according to the second judgment result 2 ;

[0069] An irrigation intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit for increasing the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to 15 L / m according to the third judgment result 2 , and for reducing the irrigation amount of the next irrigation operation to 8 L / m according to the fourth judgment result 2 :

[0070] A fertilization intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit for increasing the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation to 30 g / m according to the fifth judgment result 2 , and for reducing the fertilization amount of the next fertilization operation to 16 g / m according to the sixth judgment result 2 .

[0071] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are that,

[0072] The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention collects environmental data in real time, determines the time period based on the data and sets the working priority. Then, it issues instructions through the wireless network to control specific operations, such as weeding, irrigation, and fertilization at a standard intensity. The system can also collect feedback, analyze the operation data for adjustment in the next work, and achieve more precise intelligent agricultural management.

[0073] Further, the system monitors environmental parameters in real time through soil moisture sensors, temperature sensors, conductivity sensors, etc., such as soil moisture, temperature, and nutrient concentration, to obtain numerical indicators. At the same time, there are also weed density sensors to monitor the weed situation, and image sensors to obtain data such as the farmland area, so as to comprehensively and real-time understand the operation status of the farmland. The data collected by these sensors provides a basis for subsequent intelligent analysis and decision-making.

[0074] Further, the data analysis module mainly sets different priorities for operations through a series of judgments according to different time regions and environmental parameters, and finally generates control instructions for different situations. It realizes the function of intelligently adjusting the operation sequence according to the actual environmental conditions.

[0075] Further, the information feedback module monitors and calculates the actual operation effects of each work unit, and transmits the data of the weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount to the data analysis module through the information feedback unit for subsequent analysis and adjustment of decisions.

[0076] Further, the weeding amount calculation unit mainly calculates the actual weeding amount completed in each weeding operation by comparing the difference in weed density before and after weeding, combined with the farmland area, to provide a reference for subsequent work.

[0077] Further, the irrigation amount calculation unit evaluates the irrigation effect by real-time monitoring of soil moisture, and provides a reference for subsequent adjustment decisions.

[0078] Further, the fertilization amount calculation unit evaluates the fertilization effect by monitoring and calculating the change in soil conductivity, and provides a reference for the adjustment of the subsequent fertilization amount.

[0079] Further, the data analysis module flexibly adjusts the intensity of the next operation of each work unit by analyzing the operation data to adapt to changes in environmental conditions and ensure continuous optimization of the operation effect.

[0080] Further, the weeding intensity analysis unit compares the actual weeding amount with the standard weeding amount to determine whether to increase or decrease the next weeding intensity. The working principles of the irrigation intensity and fertilization intensity analysis units are similar. They respectively compare the actual operation amount with the standard to judge whether the next operation needs to adjust the intensity. Through this data-driven method, the system flexibly adjusts the operation parameters of each work unit according to the feedback information to achieve more precise operation management.

[0081] Furthermore, the adjustment control instruction generation unit adjusts the intensity of the next operation according to the analysis result, achieving fine adjustment of the intensity of the next operation to accurately feedback the system operation and continuously optimize the operation effect. Description of the Drawings

[0082] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the structure of the intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention;

[0083] Figure 2 It is a block diagram of the structure of the data acquisition module of the intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention;

[0084] Figure 3 It is a block diagram of the structure of the data analysis module of the intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention;

[0085] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of the structure of the information feedback module of the intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0086] In order to make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0087] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0088] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating directions or positional relationships such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0089] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0090] Please refer to Figures 1-4 as shownFigure 1 It is the structural block diagram of the intelligent agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things described in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the structural block diagram of the data acquisition module of the intelligent agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things described in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the structural block diagram of the data analysis module of the intelligent agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things described in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the structural block diagram of the information feedback module of the intelligent agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things described in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] As Figure 1 shown, an intelligent agriculture monitoring system based on the Internet of Things includes:

[0092] A data acquisition module 1, which is used to collect environmental data in the farmland area in real time;

[0093] A data analysis module 2, which is connected to the sensor module through a wireless communication network, and is used to judge the time area where the environmental data is located according to the environmental data and its preset winter time node to form time area information, and is used to analyze the environmental data and the time area information corresponding to the environmental data and set different priorities for weeding operations, irrigation operations and fertilization operations according to the analysis results to form control instructions for issuing weeding operations, irrigation operations and fertilization operation tasks;

[0094] A weeding machine 3, which is connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, and is used to perform weeding operations with a weeding intensity of 10 plants / m 2 ;

[0095] An irrigation machine 4, which is connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, and is used to perform irrigation operations with an irrigation intensity of 10 L / m 2 ;

[0096] A fertilization machine 5, which is connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, and is used to perform fertilization operations with a fertilization intensity of 20 g / m 2 ;

[0097] An information feedback module 6, which is respectively connected to the sensor module, the weeding machine, the irrigation machine, the fertilization machine and the data analysis module through the wireless communication network, and is used to calculate the weeding amount of the weeding machine for one weeding operation, the irrigation amount of the irrigation machine for one irrigation operation and the fertilization amount of the fertilization machine for one fertilization operation through the environmental data, and is used to feedback the weeding amount, irrigation amount and fertilization amount to the data analysis module;

[0098] The data analysis module is also used to adjust the next weeding, irrigation, and fertilization operations by analyzing the weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount, so as to form a weeding adjustment control instruction, an irrigation adjustment control instruction, and a fertilization adjustment control instruction;

[0099] The irrigation machine is also used to adjust the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation according to the irrigation adjustment control instruction;

[0100] The weeding machine is also used to adjust the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation according to the weeding adjustment control instruction;

[0101] The fertilization machine is also used to adjust the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation according to the fertilization adjustment control instruction.

[0102] The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things technology collects environmental data in real time through various sensors. The data analysis module will set the priority order for weeding, irrigation, and fertilization operations according to time and conditions, and then send operation instructions to relevant devices to achieve standard operations. The information feedback module will collect data, compare the actual operation amount, and feedback it to the data analysis module. The data analysis module will adjust the intensity and order of the next operation according to the operation effect to form a new adjustment instruction.

[0103] The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to the present invention collects environmental data in real time, judges the time period according to the data, and sets the working priority. Then, it sends instructions through the wireless network to control specific operations, such as weeding, irrigation, and fertilization with standard intensity. The system can also collect feedback, analyze operation data for the adjustment of the next work, and achieve more precise intelligent agricultural management.

[0104] As Figure 2 shown, further, the data acquisition module includes:

[0105] A humidity sensor 11 for real-time monitoring of soil humidity to obtain a humidity value;

[0106] A temperature sensor 12 for real-time monitoring of air temperature to obtain a temperature value;

[0107] A soil conductivity sensor 13 for real-time monitoring of the nutrient concentration in the soil to obtain a conductivity value;

[0108] A weed density sensor 14 for real-time monitoring of the density of weeds in the farmland area to obtain a weed density value;

[0109] An image sensor 15 for detecting the area of the farmland area to obtain a farmland area value.

[0110] The data acquisition module realizes real-time monitoring of environmental parameters through different types of sensors. The humidity sensor monitors soil humidity, the temperature sensor monitors air temperature, the soil conductivity sensor monitors soil nutrient concentration, the weed density sensor monitors the weed density in the farmland area, and the image sensor obtains the farmland area data.

[0111] The system monitors environmental parameters such as soil humidity, temperature, and nutrient concentration in real time through sensors such as soil humidity sensors, temperature sensors, and conductivity sensors, and obtains numerical indicators. At the same time, there are also weed density sensors to monitor the weed situation, and image sensors to obtain data such as the farmland area, so as to comprehensively and real-time understand the operation status of the farmland. The data collected by these sensors provides a basis for subsequent intelligent analysis and decision-making.

[0112] As Figure 3 shown, further, the data analysis module includes:

[0113] A time region judgment unit 21, which is used to compare the acquisition time of the environmental data with the preset winter node time, November 22nd of each year;

[0114] If the acquisition time is before November 22nd, the time region judgment unit determines that the acquisition time is in the non-winter time region;

[0115] If the acquisition time is after November 22nd, the time region judgment unit determines that the acquisition time is in the winter time region;

[0116] A priority division unit 22, which is connected to the time region judgment unit, and is used to compare the humidity data with the preset humidity threshold of 30% inside it according to the judgment result of the time region judgment unit.

[0117] For the environmental data in the non-winter time region, if the humidity value is less than 30%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment needs irrigation, and sets the irrigation operation as the current priority to form a first priority result;

[0118] If the humidity value is greater than or equal to 30%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment does not require irrigation operation, and then the priority division unit compares the temperature value with the preset temperature threshold of 25°C inside it;

[0119] If the temperature value is greater than 25°C, set the fertilization operation as the current priority, and set the weeding operation to be carried out after the fertilization operation to form a second priority result;

[0120] If the temperature value is less than or equal to 25°C, set the weeding operation as the current priority, and set the fertilization operation to be carried out after the weeding operation to form a third priority result;

[0121] For the environmental data in the winter time zone, the priority division unit determines that no fertilization operation is required. If the humidity value is less than 20%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment requires an irrigation operation, and then sets the irrigation operation as the current priority to form a fourth priority result;

[0122] If the humidity value is greater than or equal to 20%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment does not require irrigation and only requires weeding operation to form a fifth priority result;

[0123] The control instruction generation unit 23, which is connected to the priority division unit, is used to generate a first control instruction according to the first priority result, a second control instruction according to the second priority result, a third control instruction according to the third priority result, a fourth control instruction according to the fourth priority result, and a fifth control instruction according to the fifth priority result.

[0124] The data analysis module sets the priorities of weeding, irrigation, and fertilization through a series of judgments according to different times and environmental conditions, and forms corresponding control instructions.

[0125] The data analysis module mainly sets different priorities for operations through a series of judgments according to different time zones and environmental parameters, and finally generates control instructions for different situations. It realizes the function of intelligently adjusting the operation sequence according to the actual environmental conditions.

[0126] As Figure 4 shown, further, the information feedback module includes:

[0127] The weeding amount calculation unit 61 is used to calculate the weeding amount of the weeding machine for one weeding operation through the change amount of the weed density value and the farmland area value;

[0128] The irrigation amount calculation unit 62 is used to calculate the irrigation amount of the irrigation machine for one irrigation operation through the change amount of the humidity value;

[0129] The fertilization amount calculation unit 63 is used to calculate the fertilization amount of the fertilization machine for one fertilization operation through the change amount of the soil conductivity value;

[0130] The information feedback unit 64, which is respectively connected to the weeding amount calculation unit, the irrigation amount calculation unit, and the fertilization amount calculation unit, is used to feedback the weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount to the data analysis module.

[0131] The information feedback module collects and transmits operation data in the following ways. The weeding amount calculation unit calculates the actual weeding amount of each operation of the weeding machine according to the change in weed density. The irrigation amount calculation unit calculates the actual irrigation amount of each operation of the irrigation machine according to the change in soil humidity. The fertilization amount calculation unit calculates the actual fertilization amount of each operation of the fertilization machine according to the change in soil nutrient concentration.

[0132] The information feedback module monitors and calculates the actual operation effects of each working unit, and transmits the data of the weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount to the data analysis module through the information feedback unit for subsequent analysis and adjustment of decisions.

[0133] Further, the weeding amount calculation unit includes:

[0134] The weed density difference calculation subunit is used to calculate the weed density difference between the initial weed density value of the farmland area before a weeding operation and the remaining weed density value of the farmland area when a weeding operation is completed. The weed density difference = initial weed density value - remaining weed density value;

[0135] The weed density difference conversion subunit is connected to the weed density difference calculation subunit and is used to convert the weed density difference by multiplying the weed density difference by the farmland area value to obtain the weeding amount.

[0136] The weeding amount calculation unit calculates the actual weeding amount of each operation of the weeding machine through the following steps. The weed density difference calculation subunit compares the initial and remaining weed densities of the farmland area before and after weeding, calculates the weed density difference, and the weed density difference conversion subunit converts the product of the above difference and the farmland area to obtain the weeding amount result

[0137] The weeding amount calculation unit mainly calculates the actual weeding amount completed in each weeding operation by comparing the difference in weed density before and after weeding and combining the farmland area, providing a reference for subsequent work.

[0138] Further, the irrigation amount calculation unit includes:

[0139] The irrigation amount difference calculation subunit is used to calculate the humidity difference between the final humidity value when a weeding operation is completed and the initial humidity value of the soil before an irrigation operation. The humidity difference = final humidity value - initial humidity value;

[0140] The irrigation amount calculation subunit is connected to the irrigation amount difference calculation subunit and is used to calculate the humidity difference according to the rule that 10 liters of water need to be irrigated for every 1% change in humidity to obtain the irrigation amount.

[0141] The irrigation volume calculation unit calculates the actual irrigation volume for each operation of the irrigation machine through the following steps. The humidity difference calculation subunit compares the soil humidity before and after an irrigation operation to calculate the humidity difference. The irrigation volume calculation subunit converts the above humidity difference into the actual irrigation volume according to the standard (10 liters of water are required for every 1% increase in humidity).

[0142] The irrigation volume calculation unit evaluates the irrigation effect by monitoring the soil humidity in real time, providing a reference for subsequent adjustment decisions.

[0143] Furthermore, the fertilization amount calculation unit includes:

[0144] The conductivity difference calculation subunit is used to calculate the conductivity difference between the final conductivity value when a fertilization operation is completed and the initial conductivity value of the soil before a fertilization operation, and the conductivity difference = final conductivity value - initial conductivity value;

[0145] The fertilization amount calculation subunit is connected to the fertilization requirement calculation subunit and is used to calculate the conductivity difference according to the rule that 10 kg of fertilizer needs to be applied for every 100 μS / cm2 change in conductivity to obtain the fertilization amount.

[0146] The fertilization amount calculation unit calculates the actual fertilization amount for each operation of the fertilizer applicator through the following steps. The conductivity difference calculation subunit compares the soil conductivity before and after fertilization to calculate the conductivity difference. The fertilization amount calculation subunit converts the conductivity difference into the actual fertilization amount according to the standard (10 kg of fertilizer is required for every 100 μS / cm2 increase in conductivity).

[0147] The fertilization amount calculation unit evaluates the fertilization effect by monitoring and calculating the change in soil conductivity, providing a reference for the adjustment of the subsequent fertilization amount.

[0148] Furthermore, the data analysis module also includes:

[0149] The weeding amount analysis unit is used to determine whether it is necessary to adjust the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation according to the weeding amount;

[0150] The irrigation volume analysis unit is used to determine whether it is necessary to adjust the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation according to the irrigation volume;

[0151] The fertilization amount analysis unit is used to determine whether it is necessary to adjust the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation according to the fertilization amount;

[0152] The adjustment control instruction generation unit is respectively connected to the weeding amount analysis unit, the irrigation amount analysis unit, and the fertilization amount analysis unit, and is used to generate a weeding adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the weeding amount analysis unit, generate an irrigation adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the irrigation amount analysis unit, and generate a fertilization adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the fertilization amount analysis unit.

[0153] The data analysis module adjusts the next operation according to the following steps. The weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount analysis units respectively judge whether the intensity needs to be adjusted according to the actual operation amount. The adjustment control instruction generation unit generates new weeding, irrigation, and fertilization adjustment instructions according to the results of the above three analysis units.

[0154] The data analysis module flexibly adjusts the intensity of the next operation of each working unit by analyzing the operation data to adapt to the change of the environmental conditions and ensure the continuous optimization of the operation effect.

[0155] Further, the weeding amount analysis unit includes:

[0156] The weeding amount comparison subunit is used to compare the weeding amount with the product of 10 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value;

[0157] If the weeding amount is less than the product of 10 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value, the weeding amount comparison subunit judges that it is necessary to increase the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to form a first judgment result;

[0158] If the weeding amount is greater than or equal to the product of 10 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value, the weeding amount comparison subunit judges that it is necessary to decrease the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to form a second judgment result;

[0159] The irrigation amount analysis unit includes:

[0160] The irrigation amount comparison subunit is used to compare the irrigation amount with the product of 10 L / m 2 and the farmland area value;

[0161] If the irrigation amount is less than the product of 10 L / m 2 and the farmland area value, the irrigation amount comparison subunit judges that it is necessary to increase the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to form a third judgment result;

[0162] If the weeding amount is greater than or equal to the product of 10 L / m 2 and the farmland area value, the irrigation amount comparison subunit judges that it is necessary to decrease the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to form a fourth judgment result;

[0163] The fertilization amount analysis unit includes:

[0164] A fertilization amount comparison subunit, configured to compare the fertilization amount with the product of 1 S / m 2+ and the farmland area value;

[0165] If the fertilization amount is less than the product of 1 S / m 2+ and the farmland area value, the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to increase the fertilization intensity of the next weeding operation to form a fifth judgment result;

[0166] If the fertilization amount is greater than or equal to the product of 1 S / m 2+ and the farmland area value, the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to decrease the fertilization intensity of the next weeding operation to form a sixth judgment result.

[0167] Each analysis unit determines whether it is necessary to adjust the intensity of the next operation through the following steps. The weeding amount analysis unit compares the actual weeding amount with the standard intensity. If it is less than the standard, it determines that it is necessary to increase the weeding intensity. If it is greater than or equal to the standard, it determines that it is necessary to decrease the weeding intensity. The irrigation amount and fertilization amount analysis units use the same method to compare the actual operation amount with the standard respectively, and generate judgment results on whether it is necessary to increase or decrease the intensity of the next operation.

[0168] The weeding intensity analysis unit compares the actual weeding amount with the standard weeding amount to determine whether it is necessary to increase or decrease the weeding intensity of the next time. The working principles of the irrigation intensity and fertilization intensity analysis units are similar. They respectively compare the actual operation amount with the standard and judge whether the intensity of the next operation needs to be adjusted. Through this data-driven method, the system flexibly adjusts the operation parameters of each working unit according to the feedback information to achieve more precise operation management.

[0169] Further, the adjustment control instruction generation unit includes:

[0170] A weeding intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit, configured to increase the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to the product of 15 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value according to the first judgment result, and configured to decrease the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to 8 plants / m 2 according to the second judgment result;

[0171] An irrigation intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit, configured to increase the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to 15 L / m 2 according to the third judgment result, and configured to decrease the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to 8 L / m 2 according to the fourth judgment result:

[0172] The fertilization intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit is used to increase the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation to 30 g / m according to the fifth judgment result 2 , and to decrease the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation to 16 g / m according to the sixth judgment result 2 .

[0173] According to different judgment results, the weeding, irrigation and fertilization adjustment control instruction generation unit will generate different adjustment instructions

[0174] The adjustment control instruction generation unit adjusts the intensity of the next operation according to the analysis result, realizing the fine adjustment of the intensity of the next operation, so as to accurately feedback the system operation and continuously optimize the operation effect

[0175] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in combination with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention

[0176] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention; for those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention

Claims

1. An Internet of Things-based intelligent agriculture monitoring system, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module for real-time acquisition of environmental data within a farmland area; A data analysis module, connected to the sensor module through a wireless communication network, for determining the time region where the environmental data is located based on the environmental data and its preset winter time nodes to form time region information, and for analyzing the environmental data and the corresponding time region information and setting different priorities for weed control operations, irrigation operations, and fertilization operations according to the analysis results to form control instructions for issuing tasks for weed control operations, irrigation operations, and fertilization operations; A weeding machine, connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, for performing a weeding operation with a weeding intensity of 10 plants / m 2 ; An irrigation machine, connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, for performing an irrigation operation at an irrigation intensity of 10 L / m 2 ; A fertilizer applicator, connected to the data analysis module through a wireless communication network, for performing a fertilization operation at a fertilization intensity of 20 g / m 2 ; An information feedback module, connected to the sensor module, the weeding machine, the irrigation machine, the fertilization machine, and the data analysis module respectively through the wireless communication network, for calculating the weeding amount for one weeding operation by the weeding machine, the irrigation amount for one irrigation operation by the irrigation machine, and the fertilization amount for one fertilization operation by the fertilization machine based on the environmental data, and for feeding back the weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount to the data analysis module; The data analysis module is further used for adjusting the next weeding, irrigation, and fertilization operations by analyzing the weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount to form a weeding adjustment control instruction, an irrigation adjustment control instruction, and a fertilization adjustment control instruction; The irrigation machine is further used for adjusting the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation according to the irrigation adjustment control instruction; The weeding machine is further used for adjusting the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation according to the weeding adjustment control instruction; The fertilization machine is further used for adjusting the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation according to the fertilization adjustment control instruction.

2. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that The data acquisition module includes: A humidity sensor for real-time monitoring of soil humidity to obtain a humidity value; A temperature sensor for real-time monitoring of air temperature to obtain a temperature value; A soil conductivity sensor for real-time monitoring of the nutrient concentration in the soil to obtain a conductivity value; A weed density sensor for real-time monitoring of the density of weeds in the farmland area to obtain a weed density value; An image sensor for detecting the area of the farmland area to obtain a farmland area value.

3. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2, wherein, The data analysis module includes: A time region judgment unit for comparing the acquisition time of the environmental data with its preset winter node time, November 22nd of each year; If the acquisition time is before November 22nd, the time region judgment unit determines that the acquisition time is a non-winter time region; If the acquisition time is after November 22nd, the time region judgment unit determines that the acquisition time is a winter time region; A priority division unit, connected to the time region judgment unit, for comparing the humidity data with its internally preset preset humidity threshold of 30% according to the judgment result of the time region judgment unit; For environmental data in the non-winter time region, if the humidity value is less than 30%, the priority division unit determines that the current environment requires irrigation, then sets the irrigation operation as the current priority to form a first priority result; If the humidity value is greater than or equal to 30%, the priority division unit determines that irrigation operation is not required for the current environment. Then, the priority division unit compares the temperature value with the preset temperature threshold of 25°C inside it. If the temperature value is greater than 25°C, the fertilization operation is set as the current priority, and the weeding operation is set to be carried out after the fertilization operation to form a second priority result. If the temperature value is less than or equal to 25°C, the weeding operation is set as the current priority, and the fertilization operation is set to be carried out after the weeding operation to form a third priority result. For the environmental data in the winter time zone, the priority division unit determines that fertilization operation is not required. If the humidity value is less than 20%, the priority division unit determines that irrigation operation is required for the current environment. Then, the irrigation operation is set as the current priority to form a fourth priority result. If the humidity value is greater than or equal to 20%, the priority division unit determines that only weeding operation is required for the current environment without irrigation, to form a fifth priority result. The control instruction generation unit, connected to the priority division unit, is used to generate a first control instruction according to the first priority result, a second control instruction according to the second priority result, a third control instruction according to the third priority result, a fourth control instruction according to the fourth priority result, and a fifth control instruction according to the fifth priority result.

4. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 3, characterized in that The information feedback module includes: The weeding amount calculation unit is used to calculate the weeding amount of the weeding machine for completing one weeding operation through the change amount of the weed density value and the farmland area value. The irrigation amount calculation unit is used to calculate the irrigation amount of the irrigation machine for completing one irrigation operation through the change amount of the humidity value. The fertilization amount calculation unit is used to calculate the fertilization amount of the fertilizer applicator for completing one fertilization operation through the change amount of the soil conductivity value. The information feedback unit, connected to the weeding amount calculation unit, the irrigation amount calculation unit, and the fertilization amount calculation unit respectively, is used to feedback the weeding amount, irrigation amount, and fertilization amount to the data analysis module.

5. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 4, characterized in that, The weeding amount calculation unit includes: The weed density difference calculation sub-unit is used to calculate the weed density difference between the initial weed density value of the farmland area before one weeding operation and the remaining weed density value of the farmland area when one weeding operation is completed. The weed density difference = initial weed density value - remaining weed density value. The weed density difference conversion sub-unit, connected to the weed density difference calculation sub-unit, is used to convert the weed density difference by multiplying the weed density difference by the farmland area value to obtain the weeding amount.

6. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 5, characterized in that, The irrigation amount calculation unit includes: The irrigation amount difference calculation sub-unit is used to calculate the humidity difference between the final humidity value when one weeding operation is completed and the initial humidity value of the soil before one irrigation operation. The humidity difference = final humidity value - initial humidity value. The irrigation amount calculation sub-unit, connected to the irrigation amount difference calculation sub-unit, is used to calculate the humidity difference according to the rule that 10 liters of water is required for every 1% change in humidity to obtain the irrigation amount.

7. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fertilization amount calculation unit includes: A fertilization amount difference calculation sub-unit, which is used to calculate the conductivity value difference between the final conductivity value when a fertilization operation is completed and the initial conductivity value of the soil before a fertilization operation, and the conductivity value difference = final conductivity value - initial conductivity value; The fertilization amount calculation subunit, connected to the fertilization requirement calculation subunit, is used to calculate the difference in conductivity values according to the rule that 10 kg of fertilizer needs to be applied for every 100 μS / cm 2 change in conductivity to obtain the fertilization amount.

8. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 7, characterized in that The data analysis module further includes: A weeding amount analysis unit, which is used to judge whether it is necessary to adjust the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation according to the weeding amount; An irrigation amount analysis unit, which is used to judge whether it is necessary to adjust the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation according to the irrigation amount; A fertilization amount analysis unit, which is used to judge whether it is necessary to adjust the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation according to the fertilization amount; An adjustment control instruction generation unit, which is respectively connected to the weeding amount analysis unit, the irrigation amount analysis unit and the fertilization amount analysis unit, and is used to generate a weeding adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the weeding amount analysis unit, generate an irrigation adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the irrigation amount analysis unit, and generate a fertilization adjustment control instruction according to the judgment result of the fertilization amount analysis unit.

9. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8, wherein, The weeding amount analysis unit includes: Weeding amount comparison subunit, used to compare the weeding amount with the product of 10 plants / m 2 and the farmland area value; If the amount of weeds removed is less than the product of 10 plants / m and the value of the farmland area, then the weed removal amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to increase the weed removal intensity of the next weed removal operation to form a first judgment result; 2 ​ If the amount of weeds removed is greater than or equal to 10 plants / m 2 multiplied by the value of the farmland area, then the weed removal amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to reduce the weed removal intensity of the next weed removal operation to form a second judgment result; The irrigation amount analysis unit includes: The irrigation amount comparison subunit is used to compare the irrigation amount with the product of 10L / m 2 and the farmland area value; If the irrigation volume is less than the product of 10 L / m 2 and the farmland area value, the irrigation volume comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to increase the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to form a third judgment result; If the amount of weed removal is greater than or equal to 10 L / m 2 multiplied by the value of the farmland area, then the irrigation amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to reduce the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to form a fourth judgment result; The fertilization amount analysis unit includes: The fertilization amount comparison subunit is used to compare the fertilization amount with the product of 1 S / m 2+ and the farmland area value; If the amount of fertilizer applied is less than the product of 1 S / m 2+ and the farmland area value, the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to increase the fertilization intensity of the next weeding operation to form a fifth judgment result; If the fertilization amount is greater than or equal to the product of 1 S / m and the farmland area value, then the weeding amount comparison subunit determines that it is necessary to reduce the fertilization intensity of the next weeding operation to form a sixth judgment result. 2+ ​ 10. The intelligent agricultural monitoring system based on the Internet of Things according to claim 9, characterized in that, The adjustment control instruction generation unit includes: The weeding intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit is used to increase the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to 15 plants / m according to the first judgment result 2 and is used to decrease the weeding intensity of the next weeding operation to 8 plants / m according to the second judgment result 2 ; The irrigation intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit is used to increase the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to 15 L / m according to the third judgment result 2 and is used to decrease the irrigation intensity of the next irrigation operation to 8 L / m according to the fourth judgment result 2 : The fertilization intensity adjustment control instruction generation subunit is used to increase the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation to 30 g / m according to the fifth judgment result 2 , and to decrease the fertilization intensity of the next fertilization operation to 16 g / m according to the sixth judgment result 2 .

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