Multi-parameter long-sequence drainage basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-parameter long-sequence drainage basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method and device, electronic equipment and a computer readable storage medium. The multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring evaluation method comprises the following steps: collecting basin basic information of a to-be-monitored river, establishing a basin upstream and downstream relation graph, determining to-be-monitored water quality section information, and photographing and recording section surrounding environment information during sampling; the rationality of the sampled water quality monitoring data is judged through anion-cation balance calculation analysis and three-nitrogen relation and three-oxygen relation rationality check; selecting one or more methods to evaluate the input water quality monitoring data, and combining an evaluation result with the sampled water quality data to generate a report; and performing upstream and downstream synchronous analysis on the pollution parameter mutation point according to the evaluation result, and immediately starting a water pollution emergency monitoring plan when the parameter exceeds the standard. Water resource pollution and quality conditions are dynamically known, emergency plan treatment intervention is started according to the conditions, and the water pollution problem is solved in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surface water quality monitoring in river basins, and particularly to a multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method and device, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. Background Art

[0002] The daily water quality monitoring and evaluation work has the characteristics of miscellaneous monitoring tasks, many working links, many departments and personnel involved, strong professionalism, and strong repeatability. The traditional multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation in river basins has the following technical bottlenecks:

[0003] 1. Insufficient data credibility: Single-point instantaneous monitoring leads to the lack of spatio-temporal continuity

[0004] 2. Strong subjectivity and imperfect evaluation method: Data identification relies on the existing technology of artificial experience, and the influence of human factors is relatively large. Different evaluators may draw different conclusions, resulting in limitations in the objectivity and comparability of evaluation results. There is no systematic solution in aspects such as long-term data drift correction and construction of a multi-scale evaluation system.

[0005] 3. Poor real-time performance, lagging evaluation results, and delaying emergency decision-making: Traditional monitoring relies on sending samples to the laboratory for analysis after sampling. The cycle from sampling to obtaining results is long, the processing of outliers is lagging, and it relies on laboratory re-inspection. The confirmation cycle of abnormal data > 24 hours. For example, river monitoring samples are taken according to the high-water period, low-water period, and normal-water period, twice for each period, and it is impossible to timely reflect the instantaneous changes in water quality and sudden pollution events.

[0006] Facing the dilemmas of unclear vision, inaccurate judgment, and slow management.

[0007] 4. The workload of water quality monitoring workers is huge: Water quality monitoring relies on manual labor, and the data volume processing and work content are complicated.

[0008] To further strengthen the management of water environment monitoring work, effectively improve the water environment monitoring level, and dynamically understand the water resource pollution and quality situation, aiming at the processing and evaluation of river basin monitoring data and the establishment of a basin monitoring database, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on aspects such as calculation and processing of original detection data, monitoring data analysis and evaluation, and data rationality inspection, and it is necessary to establish a multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method and related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects of the prior art, and provide a multi-parameter long-sequence river basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method, device, electronic equipment and computer-readable storage medium. The method of the present invention aims at processing and evaluating river basin monitoring data and establishing a river basin monitoring database, calculates and processes the original detection data, analyzes and evaluates the monitoring data, and conducts data rationality checks, which can effectively improve the water environment monitoring level, dynamically understand the water resource pollution and quality conditions, and initiate emergency plan processing and intervention according to the situation to timely respond to water pollution problems, meet the increasing workload and data volume requirements, and is conducive to water ecological protection and water environment management.

[0010] In the first aspect of the present invention, a multi-parameter long-sequence river basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method is provided, including the steps of:

[0011] Using Arcgis software to collect the basic information of the river basin of the river to be monitored according to remote sensing images, establish a relationship map of the upstream and downstream of the river basin, determine the water quality section information to be monitored, and take pictures to record the environmental information around the section during sampling;

[0012] Based on the numerical values of water quality factors in water quality monitoring, judge the rationality of the water quality monitoring data of the sampling through the calculation and analysis of anion-cation balance, and the rationality checks of the relationships among three nitrogen species and three oxygen species;

[0013] Select one or more of the single-factor evaluation method, comprehensive pollution index method, Nemerow index method, and Brown water quality index method to evaluate the reasonable water quality monitoring data, combine the evaluation results with the water quality data of the sampling to generate a report, and classify it into the annual water quality data comprehensive database;

[0014] According to the evaluation results, conduct synchronous analysis of the upstream and downstream of the pollution parameter mutation points to determine the location where the numerical mutation occurs, use remote sensing images to preliminarily judge the environmental changes of the mutation section, and compare and analyze with the previous year's data after forming a database to comprehensively judge whether the parameter changes are reasonable; if reasonable, calculate the average value of each water quality monitoring data for each section, evaluate and summarize the average value, give the range of annual monitoring value fluctuations, and form an annual comprehensive database; if unreasonable, re-sample and analyze. If the parameter changes exceed the standard after re-sampling and analysis, send a reminder and immediately initiate the water pollution emergency monitoring plan.

[0015] Among them, the calculation and analysis of anion-cation balance includes:

[0016] (1). Calculation and analysis of anion-cation balance, the anion-cation error is within ±10%, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0017]

[0018] Among them,

[0019] (2). The error between the total salt content and the dissolved solids is within ±5%, calculated as:

[0020]

[0021] (3). The hardness error is within ±5%, and the calculation formula is:

[0022] Among them, the calculated value of hardness = the concentration of Ca 2+ + the concentration of Mg 2+ ;

[0023] (4). The ratio of dissolved solids to conductivity is within the range of 0.55 - 0.70,

[0024] The calculation formula is:

[0025] Among them, TDS - dissolved solids;

[0026] (5). The control of the relationship between HCO3 - , free CO2 and pH value:

[0027] pH 计算值 -pH 实测值 = ±0.2, pH 计算值 = 6.37 + lg(HCO3 - ).

[0028] Among them, the rationality check of the three-nitrogen relationship includes ensuring that total nitrogen TN > inorganic nitrogen TIN, total nitrogen TN > organic nitrogen TON); inorganic nitrogen TIN > nitrate nitrogen NO3-N > ammonia nitrogen NH3-N > nitrite nitrogen NO2-N;

[0029] The rationality check of the three-oxygen relationship includes chemical oxygen demand COD > permanganate index COD Mn ; chemical oxygen demand COD > five-day biochemical oxygen demand BOD5.

[0030] Among them, the single-factor evaluation method is based on the Surface Water Environment Quality Standard, defines the water quality category of the water body according to the water quality standard of the worst item and calculates the over-standard multiple to evaluate the water body;

[0031] The calculation formula for the over-standard multiple is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] The comprehensive pollution index method calculates the pollution degree of the water body by accumulating the single-item pollution indexes, and the single-item pollution indexes are calculated according to the measured concentrations of the evaluation factors and the standard values of the corresponding categories;

[0034] The calculation method of the single-item pollution index is as the formula:

[0035] Among them, Ci is the measured concentration of the evaluation factor; Si is the standard value of the corresponding category.

[0036] The calculation method of the comprehensive pollution index is as shown in the formula:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, Pi is the pollution index of a single evaluation factor; n is the number of evaluation factors.

[0039] Among them, the Brown water quality index method adjusts the weights of evaluation factors according to different assessment requirements or concerned items, and obtains the Brown water quality index by calculating the sum of the weighted pollution indices of each factor:

[0040] The calculation method of the Brown water quality index is as shown in the formula:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, Wi is the weight of the evaluation factor; Qi is the pollution index of a single evaluation factor; n is the number of evaluation factors, Ci is the measured concentration of the evaluation factor; C0i is the maximum allowable concentration of the evaluation factor in the surface water standard.

[0043] Among them, the Nemerow index method calculates the average value of the single pollution indices and the maximum value of the pollution indices of each evaluation factor, and obtains the Nemerow pollution index using the formula, weighting the worst item and the average value, making the evaluated pollution situation overweight and highlighting the impact of the worst item on the pollution situation;

[0044] The calculation formula of the Nemerow pollution index is as follows:

[0045]

[0046] Among them, F is the Nemerow pollution index, P is the average value of the pollution indices of each evaluation factor; Pmax is the maximum value of the pollution indices of each evaluation factor;

[0047] The calculation method of the single pollution index is as shown in the formula:

[0048] Among them, Ci is the measured concentration of the evaluation factor; Si is the standard value of the corresponding category.

[0049] Among them, the water pollution monitoring emergency plan includes: according to the nature and quantity of pollutants and the changing characteristics of hydrological elements, monitoring points are arranged at extremely downstream sections of abnormal data and their downstream, while control samples are collected upstream. Stratified sampling points are arranged in combination with water flow conditions and pollutant characteristics. According to real-time water regime changes, different monitoring frequencies and mobile tracking methods are adopted for monitoring to determine the scope and degree of pollution. When monitoring, the possible reactions of pollutants in the environment and the possibility of generating other toxic and harmful substances are considered to determine the monitoring items. According to the local real-time pollutant concentration and hydrological situation, hydrological, water quality and other models are used to simulate and predict the evolution process of water pollution events, and the monitoring points, monitoring frequencies and time intervals are adjusted by using the calculation results of the models.

[0050] In the second aspect of the present invention, a multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation device is provided, including a basin information collection module, a water quality monitoring data calculation module, an evaluation module, a pollutant concentration analysis module and a data summary module which are connected to each other;

[0051] The basin information collection module is used to collect the basic information of the basin of the river to be monitored according to remote sensing images by using Arcgis software, establish a relationship map of the upstream and downstream of the basin, determine the water quality section information to be monitored, and photograph and record the environmental information around the section during sampling;

[0052] The water quality monitoring data calculation module is used to analyze the rationality of the sampled water quality monitoring data by calculating and analyzing the balance of cations and anions, and checking the rationality of the relationship between the three nitrogens and the relationship between the three oxygens based on the numerical values of water quality factors in water quality monitoring;

[0053] The evaluation module is used to select one or more of the single-factor evaluation method, the comprehensive pollution index method, the Nemerow index method, and the Brown water quality index method to evaluate the input water quality monitoring data, combine the evaluation results with the sampled water quality data to generate a report form, and classify it into the annual water quality data comprehensive database;

[0054] The analysis and disposal module is used to conduct synchronous upstream and downstream analysis on the pollution parameter mutation points according to the evaluation results to determine the location where the numerical mutation occurs, preliminarily judge the environmental changes of the mutation section by using remote sensing images, compare and analyze with the data of previous years after forming a database, and comprehensively judge whether the parameter changes are reasonable; if reasonable, calculate the average value of each water quality monitoring data for each section, evaluate and summarize the average value, give the range of annual monitoring value fluctuations, and form an annual comprehensive database; if unreasonable, re-sample and analyze. If the parameter changes exceed the standard after re-sampling and analysis, a reminder is issued and the water pollution emergency monitoring plan is immediately started.

[0055] In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method are implemented.

[0056] In a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method are implemented.

[0057] The present invention takes the entire river as the monitoring object, monitors the water quality conditions of all cross-sections of the river according to the water quality monitoring sensors arranged on the river, comprehensively monitors and evaluates the water quality of the entire river basin, and forms a database for multi-parameter long-sequence water quality monitoring. This method can dynamically monitor the changes in river water quality, simplify the steps of calibrating water quality data, improve the accuracy of data, play a supervisory role in the river in terms of time and space, immediately initiate the water pollution emergency plan once abnormal data is found, reveal the laws and processes of changes in various parameters of the overall basin water quality over time while ensuring the water environment quality, and analyze the impact process of environmental changes on the changes in basin water quality, providing a scientific basis for water ecological protection and water environment management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0061] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0062] See Figure 1 As shown, in one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method, comprising the steps of:

[0063] Using Arcgis software to collect the basic information of the basin of the river to be monitored according to remote sensing images, establish a relationship map of the upstream and downstream of the basin, determine the water quality cross-section information to be monitored, and take pictures to record the environmental information around the cross-section during sampling;

[0064] Based on the numerical values of water quality factors in water quality monitoring, the rationality of the sampled water quality monitoring data is judged through the calculation and analysis of the balance between cations and anions, and the rationality checks of the relationships among the three nitrogen and the three oxygen;

[0065] Select one or more of the single-factor evaluation method, comprehensive pollution index method, Nemerow index method, and Brown water quality index method to evaluate the water quality monitoring data judged to be reasonable, combine the evaluation results with the sampled water quality data to generate a report, and classify it into the annual comprehensive water quality data database;

[0066] According to the evaluation results, conduct synchronous upstream and downstream analysis on the pollution parameter mutation points to determine the location where the numerical mutation occurs, preliminarily judge the environmental changes of the mutation section using remote sensing images, compare and analyze with the previous year's data after forming the database, and comprehensively judge whether the parameter changes are reasonable; if reasonable, calculate the average value of each water quality monitoring data for each section, evaluate and summarize the average value, and give the range of fluctuations of the annual monitoring value to form an annual comprehensive database; if unreasonable, re-sample and analyze. If the parameter changes exceed the standard after re-sampling and analysis, issue a reminder and immediately start the water pollution emergency monitoring plan.

[0067] In the embodiment of the present application, input the basic information of the basin of the monitored river into the Arcgis software, use the GIS software to establish a water quality section basin map, determine the upstream and downstream basin relationships, and establish an upstream and downstream relationship map of the basin. When there are large fluctuations in the water quality detection data, by analyzing the upstream and downstream data, it can be seen whether the data is reasonable. By taking pictures during each sampling to determine the surrounding environment of the section, it is possible to compare the changes in the sampling environment during each sampling to judge whether the environmental changes will cause changes in water quality. Thus, when there are fluctuations in the data, it is possible to first judge through the environment to see if it is caused by environmental changes. If not, based on the remote sensing images of the basin of the monitored river, start the water quality emergency plan for processing.

[0068] Exemplarily, in the present application, when conducting synchronous upstream and downstream analysis on the pollution parameter mutation points according to the evaluation results, determining the location where the numerical mutation occurs, comparing with the previous year's data to judge rationality, using remote sensing images to preliminarily judge the environmental changes of the mutation section of the location where the mutation occurs, and comprehensively judging whether the parameter changes are reasonable after forming the database and comparing with the previous year's data. After determining the location of the pollution parameter mutation point, use remote sensing images to preliminarily judge the environmental changes of the mutation section at the location where the mutation occurs, and judge whether the occurrence of the pollution mutation is related to the environmental changes of the section where it is located and whether it is caused by environmental changes that lead to water quality mutations.

[0069] Among them, when conducting parameter over-standard analysis, a parameter change curve can be used to compare the changes in the target parameter change curve before and after, or use the difference between the corresponding numerical values of the target parameter before and after to see if it exceeds the set change threshold. If it exceeds, it is considered over-standard.

[0070] Exemplarily, in the present application, after storing the data obtained from sampling analysis in a database, further, based on the sampling data and in combination with the image of the target basin, a three-dimensional image of the target basin is displayed on a terminal device or a smart display screen, and on the three-dimensional image, according to the detected touch input instruction, the annual water quality data and / or early warning data of each sampling section of the target basin can be displayed, etc. For example, when someone touches a predetermined position on the touch screen, the water quality data of the corresponding sampling section for the current year or previous years will be displayed.

[0071] Among them, the three-dimensional image is adjusted in real time according to the remote sensing image to be consistent with the shape of the target basin.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present application, after sampling the cross-section water samples of the monitored river, based on the numerical values of the water quality factors in water quality monitoring, the rationality of the data is judged by using the correlation of the water quality factors, and at the same time, a reminder is issued for unreasonable places. When unreasonable data appears, re-sampling and detection are required, and after determining that the data is reasonable, the subsequent steps of pollutant concentration evaluation and analysis are entered.

[0073] Among them, judging the rationality of the data by using the correlation of the water quality factors includes:

[0074] 1. Calculation and analysis of the balance of cations and anions:

[0075] a. The error range of cations and anions is controlled within ±10%;

[0076] The calculation formula is:

[0077] Among them,

[0078] b. The error range between the total salt content and the dissolved solids is controlled within ±5%;

[0079] The calculation formula is:

[0080] Among them,

[0081]

[0082] The above detection of cations and anions includes the detection of carbonate, bicarbonate, calcium ions, etc.

[0083] c. The hardness error should be within ±5%

[0084] The calculation formula is:

[0085] Among them, the calculated value of hardness (mg / L, calculated as CaCO3) = concentration of Ca 2+ (mg / L, calculated as CaCO3) + concentration of Mg 2+Concentration (mg / L, calculated as CaCO3);

[0086] d. Ratio range of dissolved solids to conductivity: 0.55 - 0.70;

[0087] The calculation formula is:

[0088] where TDS - dissolved solids, mg / L;

[0089] Conductivity ---- μS / cm;

[0090] e. Relationship between HCO3 - , free CO2 and pH value;

[0091] pH 计算值 -pH 实测值 = ±0.2;

[0092] pH 计算值 = 6.37 + lg(HCO3 - ); - lg(CO2);

[0093] 2. Rationality check of the relationship among the three nitrogens

[0094] Total nitrogen (TN) > Inorganic nitrogen (TIN); Total nitrogen (TN) > Organic nitrogen (TON);

[0095] Inorganic nitrogen (TIN) > Nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) > Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) > Nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N);

[0096] 3. Rationality check of the relationship among the three oxygens

[0097] Chemical oxygen demand (COD) > Permanganate index (COD Mn ); Chemical oxygen demand (COD) > Biochemical oxygen demand in five days (BOD5).

[0098] In the embodiments of the present application, the single-factor evaluation is based on the current surface water environmental quality standard, i.e., "Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838 - 2002), to evaluate the water body, and the water quality category of the water body is defined according to the water quality standard of the worst item. Different parameters can be selected to participate in the evaluation, and the exceeding standard multiple is calculated based on the water quality standard values of different categories. The calculation formula for the exceeding standard multiple is as follows:

[0099]

[0100] In the embodiments of the present application, the detected value is the water quality monitoring data of the sampling or the water quality factor value.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present application, the single comprehensive pollution index method is calculated based on the single pollution index to obtain the degree of water body pollution. According to the evaluation items involved, cumulative calculation is performed to obtain a value. This value is not absolute but relative and has a great relationship with the water quality requirements.

[0102] Among them, the calculation method of the single pollution index is as follows:

[0103] Among them, Ci is the measured concentration of the evaluation factor (mg / L). The evaluation factor is the aforementioned water quality monitoring data. During evaluation, some or all of them can be selected for evaluation as needed;

[0104] Si is the standard value of the corresponding category (mg / L);

[0105] The calculation method of the comprehensive pollution index is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] Among them, Pi is the pollution index of the single evaluation factor;

[0108] n is the number of evaluation factors.

[0109] In the embodiments of the present application, the biggest difference between the single Brown water quality index evaluation method and the above two evaluation methods is that it increases the weight of the evaluation items. The Brown water quality index method relies on weights, and the allocation of weights is crucial. Although there is a certain degree of subjectivity and different weights cannot evaluate the quality of water, the weights can be adjusted according to the assessment requirements or different concerned items. The Brown water quality index method is for the situation where there are different requirements and concerns for different items of water quality. Under the condition of generally maintaining the weight configuration gradient of relevant factors, the weight is increased for items with high requirements and high concerns, and the weight is decreased for items with low requirements and low concerns. Among them, the calculation method of the Brown water quality index is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, Wi is the weight of the evaluation factor;

[0112] Qi is the pollution index of the single evaluation factor;

[0113] n is the number of evaluation factors.

[0114] The calculation method of the single pollution index is as follows:

[0115] Among them, Ci is the measured concentration of the evaluation factor (mg / L);

[0116] C0i is the maximum allowable concentration of the evaluation factor in the surface water standard (mg / L);

[0117] In the embodiment of the present application, the single Nemerow index method is an upgrade based on the comprehensive pollution index. Considering the worst item, the worst item is weighted with the average value, making the evaluated pollution situation overweight. The Nemerow index method calculates the single pollution index Pi and the maximum value of the pollution indexes of each evaluation factor, namely Pmax, according to the measured concentration and standard value of the selected water quality factors, and then calculates the Nemerow pollution index F using the formula.

[0118]

[0119] Among them, P is the average value of the pollution indexes of each evaluation factor;

[0120] Pmax is the maximum value of the pollution indexes of each evaluation factor.

[0121] The calculation method of the single pollution index is as follows:

[0122] Among them, Ci is the measured concentration of the evaluation factor (mg / L);

[0123] Si is the standard value of the corresponding category (mg / L);

[0124] In the embodiment of the present application, when analyzing the pollution concentration of water quality, if the data is still seriously exceeding the standard, it is judged as abnormal water quality, a reminder is issued and the water pollution emergency monitoring plan is immediately started. At the same time, the emergency plan and specific treatment methods for each water pollution event and the specific monitoring data are stored as cases for reference when similar events occur later, in order to formulate a more perfect emergency plan.

[0125] In the embodiment of the present application, the water pollution monitoring emergency plan includes arranging monitoring points at the extremely downstream of the abnormal data section according to the changes in the nature and quantity of pollutants and hydrological elements, etc., collecting control samples upstream at the same time, arranging stratified sampling points in combination with the water flow conditions and pollutant characteristics, and adopting different monitoring frequencies and tracking (mobile) methods for monitoring according to the real-time water regime changes to determine the scope and degree of pollution. When monitoring, consider the possible reactions of pollutants in the environment and the possibility of generating other toxic and harmful substances to determine the monitoring items. According to the local real-time pollutant concentration and hydrological situation, hydrological, water quality and other models can be used to simulate and predict the evolution process of water pollution events, and the monitoring points, monitoring frequencies and time intervals are adjusted using the calculation results of the models.

[0126] In the embodiment of the present application, by calculating the average value of each water quality monitoring data of each section and evaluating and summarizing the average value, giving the fluctuation range of the annual monitoring value, and forming an annual database, it is possible to analyze the law and process of the monitoring data of the river changing with the environment according to the database.

[0127] See Figure 2 As shown, another aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation device, including a basin information collection module, a water quality monitoring data calculation module, an evaluation module, and an analysis and disposal module that are connected to each other;

[0128] The basin information collection module is used to collect the basic information of the basin of the river to be monitored according to the remote sensing images by using Arcgis software, establish a relationship map of the upstream and downstream of the basin, determine the water quality section information to be monitored, and take pictures to record the environmental information around the section during sampling;

[0129] The water quality monitoring data calculation module is used to judge the rationality of the water quality monitoring data of the sample by calculating and analyzing the anion-cation balance, and checking the rationality of the relationship between the three nitrogens and the relationship between the three oxygens based on the numerical values of the water quality factors in the water quality monitoring;

[0130] The evaluation module is used to select one or more of the single-factor evaluation method, the comprehensive pollution index method, the Nemerow index method, and the Brown water quality index method to evaluate the input water quality monitoring data, combine the evaluation results with the water quality data of the sample to generate a report form, and classify it into the comprehensive database of annual water quality data;

[0131] The analysis and disposal module is used to perform synchronous analysis of the upstream and downstream of the pollution parameter mutation points according to the evaluation results, determine the location where the numerical mutation occurs, initially judge the environmental changes of the mutation section by using remote sensing images, compare and analyze with the previous year's data after forming a database, and comprehensively judge whether the parameter changes are reasonable; if reasonable, calculate the average value of the water quality monitoring data for each section each time, evaluate and summarize the average value, give the range of fluctuations of the annual monitoring value, and form an annual comprehensive database; if unreasonable, re-sample and analyze, and if the parameter changes exceed the standard after re-sampling and analysis, send a reminder and immediately start the water pollution emergency monitoring plan.

[0132] For the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation device, the method and technology of multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation in the embodiment of the present application, please refer to the content of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method in the embodiment of the present application. The same as this, it will not be described in detail here.

[0133] The third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method are implemented.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment, an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0135] In an exemplary embodiment, with reference to Figure 3 as shown, the electronic device includes a processor and a memory. The processor may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array).

[0136] In some embodiments, the processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the wake state, also known as the CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state.

[0137] In some embodiments, the processor may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor may further include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, and the AI processor is used to process computational operations related to machine learning.

[0138] In some embodiments, the readable storage medium in the memory may be tangible and non-transitory. The memory may also include high-speed random access memory, as well as non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage terminals and flash storage terminals. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in the memory is used to store at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is used to be executed by the processor to implement the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method provided in the present application.

[0139] In some embodiments, multiple components in the electronic device are connected to the I / O interface, including: an input unit, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit, such as a disk, an optical disc, etc.; and a communication unit, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit allows the electronic device to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0140] In an exemplary embodiment, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the program is executed by a processor, it implements the multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method provided by all the inventive embodiments of the present application.

[0141] Any combination of one or more computer-readable media may be employed. A computer-readable medium may be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. A computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable storage medium include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that contains or stores a program that can be used by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0142] A computer-readable signal medium may include a data signal propagated in a baseband or as part of a carrier wave, which carries computer-readable program code. Such a propagated data signal may take various forms, including - but not limited to - an electromagnetic signal, an optical signal, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. A computer-readable signal medium may also be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0143] The program code contained on a computer-readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including - but not limited to - wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0144] Computer program code for performing the operations of the present invention may be written in one or more programming languages or combinations thereof, including object-oriented programming languages such as Java, Smalltalk, C++, and also including conventional procedural programming languages such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, executed as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any kind of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it may be connected to an external computer (e.g., through the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0145] In an exemplary embodiment, the provided computer-readable storage medium may include one or more instructions that can be executed by a processor of the above device to complete the above method for monitoring and evaluating the surface water quality of a multi-parameter long sequence basin.

[0146] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above in this document can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on a chip (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, and can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit the data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0147] The computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs can be provided to the processors of general-purpose computers, special-purpose computers, or other programmable data processing devices, such that when the computer programs are executed by the processors, the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams are implemented. The computer programs can be executed entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, executed as a stand-alone software package partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0148] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer-readable storage medium can be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of the machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0149] To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide for interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0150] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which the user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0151] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally far from each other and usually interact via a communication network. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or a cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, solving the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability existing in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0152] It should be understood that various forms of the processes shown above can be used, steps can be reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0153] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms.

[0154] Therefore, from any perspective, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be embraced by the present invention.

[0155] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring and evaluating the surface water quality of a river basin with multiple parameters and long sequences, characterized in that, Including: 1) Using ArcGIS software to collect the basic information of the basin of the river to be monitored based on remote sensing images, establishing a relationship map of the upstream and downstream of the basin, determining the water quality section information to be monitored, and taking pictures to record the environmental information around the section during sampling; 2) Based on the numerical values of water quality factors in water quality monitoring, judging the rationality of the water quality monitoring data of the sampling by calculating and analyzing the anion-cation balance, and checking the rationality of the relationship between the three nitrogen and the relationship between the three oxygen; 3) Selecting one or more of the single-factor evaluation method, comprehensive pollution index method, Nemerow index method, and Brown water quality index method to evaluate the reasonable water quality monitoring data, combining the evaluation results with the water quality data of the sampling to generate a report, and classifying it into the comprehensive database of annual water quality data; 4) Conducting synchronous analysis of the upstream and downstream of the pollution parameter mutation points according to the evaluation results to determine the location where the numerical mutation occurs, using remote sensing images to preliminarily judge the environmental changes of the mutation section, comparing and analyzing with the previous year's data after forming the database, and comprehensively judging whether the parameter changes are reasonable; if reasonable, calculating the average value of each water quality monitoring data of each section, evaluating and summarizing the average value, giving the fluctuation range of the annual monitoring value, and forming an annual comprehensive database; if unreasonable, re-sampling and analyzing, and if the parameter changes exceed the standard after re-sampling and analyzing, sending a reminder and immediately starting the water pollution emergency monitoring plan.

2. The multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The anion-cation balance calculation and analysis include: (1). Anion-cation balance calculation and analysis, the anion-cation error is within ±10%, and the calculation formula is as follows: Among them, (2). The error between the total salt content and the dissolved solids is within ±5%, and the calculation is: (3). The hardness error is within ±5%, and the calculation formula is: Among them, the calculated value of hardness = concentration of Ca 2+ + concentration of Mg 2+ ; (4). The ratio of dissolved solids to conductivity is within the range of 0.55 - 0.70, The calculation formula is as follows: where, TDS - dissolved solids; (5).HCO3 - 、 Control of the relationship between free CO2 and pH value: pH 计算值 -pH 实测值 = ±0.2, pH 计算值 = 6.37 + lg(HCO3 - ) - lg(CO2).

3. The multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rationality check of the relationship between the three nitrogen includes ensuring that the total nitrogen TN > inorganic nitrogen TIN, and the total nitrogen TN > organic nitrogen TON); inorganic nitrogen TIN > nitrate nitrogen NO3-N > ammonia nitrogen NH3-N > nitrite nitrogen NO2-N; The rationality check of the tri-oxygen relationship includes Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) > Permanganate Index COD Mn ; Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) > Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) in five days.

4. The multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The single-factor evaluation method is based on the Surface Water Environment Quality Standard, defines the water quality category of the water body according to the water quality standard of the worst item and calculates the over-standard multiple to evaluate the water body; the over-standard multiple calculation formula is as follows: The comprehensive pollution index method calculates the degree of water body pollution by accumulating the single pollution index, and the single pollution index is calculated according to the measured concentration of the evaluation factor and the standard value of the corresponding category; The calculation method of the single pollution index is as shown in the formula: where, Ci - the measured concentration of the evaluation factor; Si - the standard value of the corresponding category; The calculation method of the comprehensive pollution index is as follows: where, Pi - the pollution index of the single evaluation factor; n - the number of evaluation factors.

5. The multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that The Brown water quality index method adjusts the weight of the evaluation factors according to different assessment requirements or concerned items, and obtains the Brown water quality index by calculating the sum of the weighted pollution indices of each factor: The calculation method of the Brown water quality index is as follows: where, Wi - the weight of the evaluation factor; Qi - the pollution index of the single evaluation factor; n - the number of evaluation factors, Ci - the measured concentration of the evaluation factor; C0i - the maximum allowable concentration of the evaluation factor for surface water standard.

6. The multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Nemerow index method calculates the average value of single pollution indices and the maximum value of pollution indices of each evaluation factor, and obtains the Nemerow pollution index using a formula. It weights the worst item and the average value, making the evaluated pollution situation tend to be more serious and highlighting the impact of the worst item on the pollution situation. The calculation formula of the Nemerow pollution index is as follows: Among them, F is the Nemerow pollution index, P is the average value of pollution indices of each evaluation factor; Pmax is the maximum value of pollution indices of each evaluation factor. The calculation method of the single pollution index is as shown in the formula: Among them, Ci is the measured concentration of the evaluation factor; Si is the standard value of the corresponding category.

7. The multi-parameter long-sequence surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water pollution monitoring emergency plan includes: According to the nature and quantity of pollutants and the changing characteristics of hydrological elements, monitoring points are arranged at extremely downstream of the data anomaly section and its downstream. At the same time, control samples are collected upstream. Stratified sampling points are arranged in combination with water flow conditions and pollutant characteristics. According to the real-time water regime changes, different monitoring frequencies and mobile tracking methods are adopted for monitoring to determine the scope and degree of pollution impact. When monitoring, the possible reactions of pollutants in the environment and the possibility of generating other toxic and harmful substances are considered to determine the monitoring items. According to the local real-time pollutant concentration and hydrological situation, hydrological, water quality and other models are used to simulate and predict the evolution process of water pollution events, and the monitoring points, monitoring frequencies and time intervals are adjusted using the calculation results of the models.

8. A multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation device, characterized in that, It includes: The basin information collection module is used to collect the basic information of the basin of the river to be monitored according to remote sensing images using Arcgis software, establish a relationship map of the upstream and downstream of the basin, determine the water quality section information to be monitored, and take pictures to record the environmental information around the section during sampling. The water quality monitoring data calculation module is used to judge the rationality of the water quality monitoring data of the sampling based on the numerical values of water quality factors in water quality monitoring through the calculation and analysis of the balance of cations and anions, and the rationality inspection of the relationship between the three nitrogen and the relationship between the three oxygen. The evaluation module is used to select one or more of the single factor evaluation method, comprehensive pollution index method, Nemerow index method, and Brown water quality index method to evaluate the reasonable water quality monitoring data, combine the evaluation results with the data to generate a report form, and classify it into the annual comprehensive water quality data database. The analysis and disposal module is used to conduct synchronous upstream and downstream analysis on the pollution parameter mutation points according to the evaluation results to determine the location where the numerical mutation occurs, initially judge the environmental changes of the mutation section using remote sensing images, compare and analyze with the previous year's data after forming a database, and comprehensively judge whether the parameter changes are reasonable; if reasonable, calculate the average value of each water quality monitoring data for each section each time, and evaluate and summarize the average value, give the range of fluctuations of the annual monitoring value, and form an annual comprehensive database; if unreasonable, re-sample and analyze. If the parameter changes exceed the standard after re-sampling and analysis, a reminder is issued and the water pollution emergency monitoring plan is immediately activated.

9. An electronic device, comprising a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it realizes the steps of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it realizes the steps of the multi-parameter long-sequence basin surface water quality monitoring and evaluation method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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