Main road night construction management decision-making method

Abstract

The invention relates to a main road night construction management decision-making method, and relates to the technical field of road construction management, and the method comprises the following steps: S1, data collection and analysis: collecting construction area environment data, and using a data analysis tool to evaluate potential influences; s2, risk assessment: performing construction risk assessment based on the collected data; s3, decision model construction: establishing a multi-objective optimization model, taking construction time, cost, safety and environmental influence as decision variables, and generating an optimal construction time window and a resource allocation scheme; s4, real-time monitoring and adjustment, wherein real-time monitoring is carried out in the construction process, and the construction plan is adjusted according to real-time data; and S5, evaluation and feedback: the construction process is evaluated, scientific decision making, comprehensive risk evaluation and rapid response to emergencies can be realized through real-time monitoring, data analysis and construction management, and a construction scheme is continuously optimized through a closed-loop feedback system, so that the construction safety and efficiency are improved, and sustainable development is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of road construction management, and in particular, to a decision-making method for main road night construction management. Background Art

[0002] In urban construction and maintenance, night construction of main roads is often adopted to reduce the impact on daytime traffic. This method is mainly applicable to busy urban environments, especially when carrying out repair, reconstruction or improvement work on main roads. The night construction plan is usually arranged in the time period from 24:00 to 5:00 in the morning. During this time period, the traffic volume is relatively small and there are fewer pedestrians, providing good working opportunities for the project. In addition, through scientific and reasonable traffic guidance plans and the setting of relevant facilities, the construction safety and smooth road traffic can be effectively guaranteed, ensuring the smooth progress of the construction;

[0003] However, there are some deficiencies and defects in the existing main road night construction management. First of all, the construction safety measures are not perfect enough, and there is a lack of sufficient lighting facilities in some areas, increasing the construction risks; secondly, the management of construction personnel is not strict enough, and workers who are weak, sick or not suitable for night work are not completely excluded from participating in the construction, which may lead to the occurrence of safety hazards; thirdly, the coordination of traffic guidance and on-site management before construction is insufficient, which is likely to cause traffic congestion and construction progress delays. In addition, the management of construction technical materials is often not in place, resulting in poor information circulation and affecting the timeliness and effectiveness of decision-making. These deficiencies have affected the efficiency and project quality of night construction to a certain extent.

[0004] In view of the above related technologies, a solution is now proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a decision-making method for main road night construction management to solve the technical problems in the existing technology, such as deficiencies in safety measures, personnel management, traffic guidance, information coordination, etc., resulting in low construction efficiency and increased safety hazards.

[0006] A decision-making method for main road night construction management provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A decision-making method for main road night construction management includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Data collection and analysis: Collect the night environmental data of the construction area and use data analysis tools to evaluate the potential impacts at different time periods;

[0009] S2. Risk assessment: Based on the collected data, conduct construction risk assessment;

[0010] S3. Decision Model Construction: Establish a multi-objective optimization model, taking construction time, cost, safety, and environmental impact as decision variables to generate the optimal construction time window and resource allocation plan;

[0011] S4. Real-time Monitoring and Adjustment: Implement real-time monitoring during construction and adjust the construction plan according to real-time data;

[0012] S5. Evaluation and Feedback: Evaluate the construction process and collect feedback information to optimize the decision model.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, in night construction management, collecting the night environmental data of the construction area is a crucial step. By using data analysis tools such as traffic flow monitoring technology, surrounding noise, and light pollution, the potential impacts of different time periods on the construction progress and surrounding traffic can be effectively evaluated. This process not only helps to formulate a reasonable construction time arrangement but also ensures that the impact on social traffic is minimized, thereby improving the scientificity and effectiveness of construction;

[0014] Based on the collected data, it is particularly important to conduct construction risk assessment. By analyzing various potential risks in the night construction environment, such as traffic safety, the health of construction workers, and environmental protection, problems that may occur during construction can be discovered and effectively avoided in a timely manner. This risk assessment complies with relevant national safety production management regulations, helps to strictly control the health status of the construction team, and prevents workers who are unfit for night work, such as those who are weak, sick, or night-blind, from participating in construction, ensuring construction safety;

[0015] During the process of establishing the multi-objective optimization model, construction time, cost, safety, and environmental impact are incorporated into the decision variables, and the optimal construction time window and resource allocation plan can be generated. This model fully considers the unique traffic flow characteristics of night construction and ensures that construction is carried out during the period from 24:00 to 5:00 in the early morning when the traffic volume is small, thereby maximizing construction efficiency and reducing the impact on the road network;

[0016] Implementing real-time monitoring can help construction managers immediately obtain data on environmental changes and construction progress. During construction, if an emergency or environmental change occurs, managers can quickly adjust the construction plan to ensure construction safety and quality. According to the dynamic situation and traffic conditions at the construction site, real-time adjustment of the traffic guidance plan can effectively maintain the smooth traffic during the day and ensure the continuity and safety of construction;

[0017] The evaluation and feedback of the decision-making model during the construction process can provide valuable experience and data support for subsequent night construction. By collecting feedback information during the construction process, the decision-making model is optimized, enabling future construction plans to be more scientific and refined. This virtuous feedback mechanism helps to overall improve the level of construction management, ensure strict compliance with project quality and construction period, and at the same time reduce the impact of construction on the surrounding environment;

[0018] Through the systematic implementation of the above steps, this night construction management decision-making method can effectively improve the overall coordination and execution of construction, ensuring the safe and efficient progress of the main road project.

[0019] Preferably, in step S1, before construction, it is first necessary to comprehensively collect environmental data in the night construction area, including traffic flow, meteorological information, travel patterns of surrounding residents, etc. Sensors and data acquisition software can be used to monitor traffic flow changes in real time, and GIS technology is used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area. The spatial analysis steps of the GIS technology are as follows:

[0020] A1. Buffer analysis: Evaluate the impact of the surrounding environment of the construction area. The evaluation formula is:

[0021] B(x,d) = {y / dist(x,y) ≤ d};

[0022] Among them, B(x,d) represents the buffer with point x as the center; d is the radius; dist(x,y) represents the distance between x and y.

[0023] A2. Overlay analysis: Overlay the construction area layer with the surrounding environment and traffic network layers;

[0024] A3. Hot spot analysis: Determine the peak traffic flow in the construction area. The traffic flow formula is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, H represents the result of hot spot analysis; f(i) represents the regional eigenvalue; E(f(i)) represents the expected value of the regional eigenvalue; σ(f(i)) represents the standard deviation of the eigenvalue.

[0027] A4. Data comparison: Generate a visualization map through the spatial analysis of the GIS technology to display the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area. By comparing historical data with current data, identify peak traffic flow periods and low peak traffic flow periods.

[0028] By adopting the above-mentioned scheme, through buffer analysis, the impact on the surrounding environment of the construction area can be evaluated first. The advantage of this analysis step lies in being able to clearly define the scope of the impact of the construction on the surrounding area, helping construction managers understand the environmental characteristics of the construction area, and pre-identifying possible situations that may disturb residents and the impact on traffic. At the same time, by setting an appropriate buffer radius d, the travel patterns and habits of surrounding residents can be comprehensively considered, laying a good foundation for subsequent risk assessment and traffic diversion plans;

[0029] The overlay analysis step combines the construction area with the surrounding environment and traffic network, providing important information support for subsequent construction plans. By overlaying different layers, construction managers can visually see the positional relationships between the construction area and major traffic channels, adjacent residential areas, and commercial areas, and thus provide effective data support for traffic management and safety configuration during the construction period. The implementation of this step helps to optimize the construction plan, reduce the negative impact of the construction on social traffic, and ensure the realization of the goal of "trace-free construction";

[0030] The hot spot analysis of the traffic flow in the construction area can effectively identify the peak flow areas during the construction period. By analyzing the traffic flow data through the traffic flow formula, a targeted traffic diversion plan can be made to reduce the impact of the peak flow period on the construction. At the same time, the results of the hot spot analysis can help managers reasonably arrange construction shifts, ensure that the interference of the construction on traffic is minimized during the peak period, and thus improve the smoothness of social traffic and the safety of the construction;

[0031] The visual map generated by GIS technology can effectively display the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area, and by comparing historical data with current situation data, the peak flow period and low flow period can be identified. This process not only improves the efficiency of data processing, but also enhances the scientific nature of construction decisions. Understanding the traffic flow pattern of the construction area clearly before construction will provide a practical basis for subsequent traffic diversion and construction plan formulation, ensure the efficient and orderly progress of the construction, and minimize the impact of the construction on the surrounding environment and residents' lives;

[0032] In summary, by implementing the detailed collection and analysis of environmental data in the night construction area, the accuracy and effectiveness of construction management decisions can be ensured, laying a solid foundation for subsequent steps, and thus realizing the safety, efficiency and civilization of the construction.

[0033] Preferably, in step S2, the risk score is: the score of each risk obtained by calculating the product of the impact degree and the occurrence probability obtained on-site. The risk score is divided into the impact degree and the occurrence probability, and is represented by a 1-5 level scoring system. The level scoring system classifies risks as follows:

[0034] Low risk: score between 1-5;

[0035] Medium risk: score between 6 - 10;

[0036] High risk: score between 11 - 15;

[0037] Extremely high risk: score between 16 - 25;

[0038] By constructing a risk matrix based on the risk scores, the value of each cell in the risk matrix is the risk score.

[0039] By adopting the above scheme, the calculation method of the risk score is as follows: by representing the impact degree and occurrence probability of risks using a rating system of 1 - 5 respectively, the score of each risk is obtained. This method effectively differentiates risks into: low risk (1 - 5 points), medium risk (6 - 10 points), high risk (11 - 15 points) and extremely high risk (16 - 25 points), making it easier for project managers to identify and manage various risks. This transparent definition of risk levels helps to quickly respond to potential construction problems and ensure timely and effective countermeasures are taken;

[0040] By constructing a risk matrix based on the risk scores, each risk score can be placed in the corresponding cell of the matrix. This visualization method makes all risk information clear at a glance, helping decision - makers quickly analyze and select countermeasures. In construction management, the risk matrix can provide a quick reference tool for the project team to coordinate various resources to deal with high - risk factors and optimize the construction process.

[0041] Preferably, in step S2, the architecture of the loss - economy model is as follows:

[0042] B1. Clearly define the types of risks through qualitative and quantitative methods;

[0043] B2. Conduct loss assessment, and the loss assessment includes the following two parts: direct loss and indirect loss. The direct loss is:

[0044] A = ∑(b + c + d + e);

[0045] Where, A represents the direct loss; b represents equipment cost; c represents material cost; d represents labor cost; e represents medical expenses;

[0046] The indirect loss is:

[0047] M = K × L;

[0048] Where, M represents the indirect loss, K represents the project delay time; L represents the daily income loss;

[0049] B3. Construct a probability distribution through the risk matrix, analyze the likelihood of different risks occurring and their potential impacts, and combine direct losses with indirect losses to obtain an overall loss assessment result;

[0050] B4. Organize the results of the loss economic model into a report and submit it to the management.

[0051] By adopting the above solution, first, clarify the types of risks through qualitative and quantitative methods, which lays the foundation for subsequent loss assessment. By identifying potential risk types, managers can formulate safety prevention measures and emergency plans more targeted to reduce potential risks in construction operations and ensure the smooth progress of the construction process and the safety of personnel. For example, after identifying vehicle injury accidents and object hitting accidents, corresponding safety regulations and education and training plans can be formulated to improve the safety level of the construction site;

[0052] In loss assessment, the subdivision of direct losses and indirect losses makes the assessment of risk management more specific. Direct losses include equipment costs, material costs, labor costs, and medical expenses, which are all expenses immediately generated when an accident occurs and can clearly reflect the direct economic impact of the accident;

[0053] By constructing a probability distribution through the risk matrix, the likelihood of different risks occurring and their potential impacts can be analyzed. This step helps managers quantify risks and evaluate their various possible outcomes for the entire project. Combining direct losses with indirect losses in risk assessment makes the overall loss assessment result more comprehensive. For example, by statistically analyzing historical data and identifying high-risk areas, it helps to formulate targeted strategies, thereby optimizing resource allocation and reducing potential economic losses;

[0054] Finally, organizing the results of the loss economic model into a report and submitting it to the management enables the decision-making level to timely grasp the project risk status and the estimated economic losses. Such a transparent reporting mechanism improves the timeliness and effectiveness of decision-making, enabling managers to take reasonable risk control measures based on the report's recommendations and effectively allocate the budget, thereby better maintaining the smooth progress of the project.

[0055] Preferably, in step S3, the implementation steps of the multi-objective optimization model are as follows:

[0056] C1. Data collection and analysis: Collect data related to construction for night construction management;

[0057] C2. Formulate a construction plan: Before night construction, formulate a comprehensive construction plan based on the data;

[0058] C3. Evaluate the construction plan through an optimization algorithm, and balance the relationships between various objectives by constructing an objective function. The objective function is:

[0059] maximize f = ω1·p - ω2·u - ω3·t - ω4·q;

[0060] where ω i represents the weight of each objective; p represents construction efficiency; u represents traffic impact; t represents quality risk; q represents environmental impact, and is adjusted and optimized according to project requirements through the objective function.

[0061] C4. Establish a night construction leading group to conduct on-site coordination and management according to the construction plan, and at the same time conduct real-time monitoring, and use the method of dynamically adjusting weights to handle emergencies. The method of dynamically adjusting weights is:

[0062] ω′ = ω i × f;

[0063] where f represents a function that changes with emergencies, and adjusts the weights of each objective according to the actual situation.

[0064] By adopting the above-mentioned solution, first of all, for night construction management, the collection and analysis of relevant data are carried out, which is the basis of the entire optimization model. By systematically collecting data related to construction, such as traffic flow, construction resources, surrounding environmental impacts, historical data and other relevant information, it can provide a reliable basis for the subsequent formulation and optimization of construction plans. Such comprehensive data analysis can help identify potential construction risks and influencing factors, ensuring the scientificity and rationality of future decisions; On the basis of data analysis, it is particularly important to formulate a comprehensive construction plan before night construction. Combining the collected data, construction managers can reasonably arrange the construction process and minimize the interference to traffic and surrounding residents to the greatest extent. The plan at this stage should be refined according to specific construction objectives to ensure the feasibility and flexibility of the construction plan and provide a good basis for subsequent evaluations; Evaluating the construction plan through an optimization algorithm is a key step in implementing the multi-objective optimization model. The established objective function not only considers the four main objectives of construction efficiency p, traffic impact u, quality risk t and environmental impact q, but also through the setting of weights, can balance the relationship between various objectives to meet different construction needs. For example, in some cases, construction efficiency may need to be given priority, while in other cases, environmental impact needs to be given more attention. The construction of such a flexible objective function provides an optimal solution for various construction situations; Finally, establishing a night construction leading group is the guarantee for the implementation of the construction plan. This group is responsible for on-site coordination management and real-time monitoring to ensure that various emergencies can be dealt with in a timely manner during the construction process. The way of dynamically adjusting weights, adjusting the weights of each objective according to the actual situation, can more effectively cope with the uncertainties during the construction process. For example, when a sudden traffic jam or safety accident occurs, the leading group should be able to quickly adjust the construction focus to ensure that the construction activities can still proceed in an orderly manner;

[0065] By implementing the above steps, the multi-objective optimization model can significantly improve the efficiency and safety of night construction management. Especially with the support of dynamically adjusting weights and real-time monitoring, the construction plan can be adjusted as needed, effectively reducing the impact of construction on the surrounding environment and ensuring the completion of the project on schedule. This series of scientific management measures provide strong support for night construction, thus guaranteeing the overall quality and progress of the project.

[0066] Preferably, in step S4, construction information is collected during the construction process, and each aspect of the construction is monitored through set standards. The set standards are:

[0067] I1 = f(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5);

[0068] Among them, I1 represents the monitoring index; x1 represents the progress standard; x2 represents the safety standard; x3 represents the quality standard; x4 represents the environmental standard; x5 represents the civilized construction standard; a real-time report is generated through the above standards to indicate the current construction status and provide decision-making support for the manager, and it is judged whether the construction plan needs to be adjusted according to the results of the monitoring index.

[0069] By adopting the above solution, first of all, during the construction process, it is necessary to collect construction information and monitor various aspects according to the set monitoring standards. The set standards include: monitoring index, progress standard, safety standard, quality standard, environmental standard and civilized construction standard. Through the clarification of these standards, the manager can implement comprehensive monitoring in each construction link to ensure that all construction activities meet the relevant requirements;

[0070] After the data is collected during the monitoring process, the system can generate a real-time report to indicate the current construction status and provide decision-making support for the manager. This link has the following advantages:

[0071] 1. Improved transparency: The real-time report can track the construction progress in a timely manner, and the manager can quickly obtain the current construction status, with a significant improvement in transparency, avoiding decision-making delays caused by information lag;

[0072] 2. Timely response: According to the changes in the monitoring index, the manager can quickly judge whether the construction plan needs to be adjusted. For example, when the safety standard is not met, measures can be immediately taken to improve the construction process to ensure the safety of workers;

[0073] Through the systematic analysis of the monitoring index, potential problems in the construction process can be identified. This dynamic monitoring mode not only helps to detect construction deviations early, but also can specifically propose improvement plans. By setting monitoring standards and implementing real-time monitoring, the construction process has been comprehensively controlled and optimized, achieving efficient, safe and high-quality construction management. This method not only improves the construction efficiency and safety, but also ensures the project quality, meeting the requirements of the sustainable development of the ecological environment. For future construction projects, it can effectively accumulate experience and provide a model and method for reference for subsequent construction management.

[0074] Preferably, in step S5, after the construction is completed, a systematic evaluation of the entire construction process should be carried out. The framework of the systematic evaluation is as follows:

[0075] D1. During the construction process, collect various data through the real-time monitoring system, record the actual situation of each construction stage, and form a complete construction data file;

[0076] D2. Regularly summarize and analyze the collected data, judge whether the construction meets the set standards, and judge the effectiveness of the construction effect and management decision according to the data results;

[0077] D3. Establish a feedback mechanism and promptly feedback to the relevant teams according to the evaluation results. The feedback content includes:

[0078] Firstly, positive achievements and improvement suggestions;

[0079] Secondly, construction plans and management processes that need to be adjusted;

[0080] D4. Adjust the construction plan, resource allocation, and operation process according to the evaluation results and feedback to optimize the overall construction effect;

[0081] D5. Integrate the evaluation and feedback results into future construction management to continuously optimize the method of night construction management decision-making, and hold regular review meetings to analyze the experiences and lessons of past projects to provide references for future construction.

[0082] By adopting the above solutions, during the construction process, various data are collected through a real-time monitoring system, and the actual situations at each construction stage are recorded to form a complete construction data file. This step ensures the transparency of data for all construction activities and lays a foundation for subsequent analysis. For example, the monitoring system can record information such as construction progress, safety accidents, and resource usage, enabling later evaluations to be based on accurate data;

[0083] Regularly summarize and analyze the collected data to determine whether the construction meets the set standards. From the data results, the effectiveness of construction effects and management decisions can be insightfully evaluated. For example, by analyzing the construction progress, the difference between the actual construction period and the planned construction period can be evaluated, thereby assessing whether the plan is reasonable. If it is found in the analysis that certain standards are not met, managers can promptly take measures for adjustment;

[0084] According to the evaluation results, establish a feedback mechanism and promptly feedback to the relevant teams. The feedback content includes:

[0085] 1. Positive achievements and improvement suggestions: The successful experiences obtained during construction and their implications for future projects can motivate the team and provide references;

[0086] 2. Construction plans and management processes that need to be adjusted: The problems discovered through data analysis are promptly feedback to the relevant teams to help them correct deficiencies and prevent repeating the same mistakes in future projects;

[0087] Adjust the construction plan, resource allocation, and operation process according to the evaluation results and feedback to optimize the overall construction effect. For example, if it is found that a certain construction process is inefficient, managers can make adjustments in resource allocation to ensure the smooth progress of the construction process. This continuous optimization mechanism can ensure the continuous progress of project management work;

[0088] Integrate the results of evaluation and feedback into future construction management to continuously optimize the method of night construction management decision-making. Regular review meetings are held to analyze the lessons learned from past projects and provide references for future construction. This approach not only helps improve the project management capabilities of the team but also creates a good learning atmosphere throughout the organization, making experience sharing a normal practice. By implementing the above system evaluation plan, the scientific nature and effectiveness of construction management can be significantly improved. Using real-time monitoring data and feedback mechanisms, management can obtain timely information during the construction process, adjust decisions in a timely manner, and ensure the smooth progress and high-quality completion of construction projects. This evaluation framework provides a feasible optimization path for future construction projects, not only helping to improve the project management level but also laying a solid foundation for enhancing the overall competitiveness of the company.

[0089] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0090] 1. By collecting and analyzing construction site data in real time, the scientific nature and accuracy of decision-making have been significantly improved. This real-time monitoring mechanism enables construction managers to promptly understand the on-site situation and adjust the construction plan in a timely manner through data feedback, effectively reducing the risks caused by information delay.

[0091] 2. Based on risk scoring, comprehensively considering time, cost, safety, and environmental impacts makes construction decisions more comprehensive. Such multi-objective analysis not only helps improve the overall construction efficiency but also reduces the negative impacts on the surrounding traffic and environment, ensuring the sustainability of construction.

[0092] 3. Introducing a mechanism for real-time monitoring of the construction environment has improved the flexibility in dealing with emergencies. When unexpected situations occur, managers can quickly adjust the construction plan and implement emergency plans in a timely manner, thus ensuring the continuous and safe progress of construction.

[0093] 4. Through the closed-loop system constructed by construction experience and feedback, data can be collected and the implementation effect can be evaluated at the end of each construction cycle, providing a basis for optimizing the decision-making model. This method of continuously promoting decision-making progress, through the accumulation and analysis of experience, can not only improve the safety and efficiency of future construction but also provide opportunities for continuous improvement in long-term project management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0094] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a method for making night construction management decisions on arterial roads in this application;

[0095] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the spatial analysis of GIS technology in this application;

[0096] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the architecture of the loss economic model in this application;

[0097] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the implementation steps of the multi-objective optimization model of this application;

[0098] Figure 5 is an architecture framework diagram for the evaluation of the system of this application;

[0099] Figure 6 is a two-dimensional diagram of the risk matrix of this application. Detailed implementation manners

[0100] The following combines the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 6 , and makes a further detailed description of this application.

[0101] The embodiment of this application discloses a method for making management decisions on night construction of arterial roads.

[0102] Referring to Figure 1 , a method for making management decisions on night construction of arterial roads includes the following steps:

[0103] S1. Data collection and analysis: Collect the night environmental data of the construction area, and use data analysis tools to evaluate the potential impacts at different time periods;

[0104] S2. Risk assessment: Based on the collected data, conduct construction risk assessment;

[0105] S3. Decision model construction: Establish a multi-objective optimization model, take construction time, cost, safety and environmental impact as decision variables, and generate the best construction time window and resource allocation plan;

[0106] S4. Real-time monitoring and adjustment: Implement real-time monitoring during the construction process, and adjust the construction plan according to the real-time data;

[0107] S5. Evaluation and feedback: Evaluate the construction process, and collect feedback information to optimize the decision model.

[0108] Specifically, before night construction, it is first necessary to collect the night environmental data of the construction area. This includes information such as traffic flow, the safety status of the construction area, and the activity status of surrounding residents. Use data analysis tools to analyze these data and evaluate the potential impacts that may be brought about by construction at different time periods;

[0109] Based on the collected data, conduct construction risk assessment. The risk factors to be considered include the occurrence probability of traffic accidents, the impact of construction on the surrounding environment, and possible safety hazards, and emphasize the safety standards that must be followed during the implementation of night construction:

[0110] 1. Night construction must comply with the national safety production management regulations. Blind construction is strictly prohibited, and it is not allowed to arrange workers who are weak, sick, night-blind, fatigued, or otherwise unfit for night work to carry out construction.

[0111] 2. During night construction, the existing central isolation railings and anti-collision piers around the construction area shall be borrowed for enclosure to isolate various factors affecting construction inside and outside the construction area, ensuring the safety of the construction site and construction personnel.

[0112] 3. During night construction, there must be sufficient construction lighting devices on-site, and all of them are qualified products after inspection. Professional electricians with certificates shall be equipped on-site to professionally take care of the electricity use of construction machinery and construction lighting, ensuring construction safety and the smooth implementation of construction.

[0113] 4. During night construction, special personnel shall be assigned to take care of the electrical equipment to ensure the safety of the electrical equipment and personnel.

[0114] 5. Traffic safety sign lights, special flashing warning lights, and signs shall be set at the surrounding of the construction area, especially at each intersection. Corresponding personnel shall be equipped to maintain traffic, wearing reflective clothing, armbands, and holding safety flags. The maintenance personnel shall be polite and civilized externally, and it is strictly prohibited to use abusive language to prevent unnecessary incidents.

[0115] 6. All construction personnel must wear safety protection equipment and reflective clothing when entering the construction site, and those irrelevant to the construction are refused to enter the construction site.

[0116] 7. When the vehicles for the entry and exit of materials and equipment and the vehicles for hauling earthwork drive at night, they must be covered according to the construction requirements, and strictly abide by the traffic safety regulations during driving to ensure safe driving.

[0117] 8. For the vehicles operating at night, carefully check whether the vehicle lights are complete before construction, and whether the reflective signs on the vehicle body can play a warning role during night transportation.

[0118] 9. Prevent vehicles from driving while sick, speeding, overloading, over-limiting, or over-heightening. Crawling equipment and tracked machinery are strictly prohibited from driving or operating on the main line.

[0119] 10. Strengthen the safety responsibility awareness of drivers. It is prohibited for vehicle drivers to drive under the influence of alcohol, while fatigued, or without a license. They should drive civilizedly and politely to ensure driving safety.

[0120] 11. Construction operations are prohibited under adverse night weather conditions.

[0121] After completing data collection and risk assessment, constructing a multi-objective optimization model is a crucial step. This model takes construction time, cost, safety, and environmental impact as decision variables and generates the best construction time window and resource allocation plan by weighing the relationships among various objectives. When implementing night construction, for example, it should meet the overall construction period requirements of the owner and scientifically organize traffic to ensure the smooth progress of construction and reduce the impact on social traffic;

[0122] During the implementation of construction, dynamic adjustments should be made according to the data collected by the real-time monitoring system. This includes monitoring the on-site construction progress and coordinating with each construction team to ensure the orderly and reasonable progress of construction. For example, during construction, 24-hour duty can be arranged. Once a special situation or accident occurs, it must be reported level by level and corresponding emergency measures must be taken to ensure the safety and efficiency of the construction site;

[0123] After construction is completed, evaluate the entire construction process, collect feedback information to optimize the decision-making model. This stage includes regularly summarizing and analyzing various data during the construction process, judging whether the construction meets the set standards, and forming a complete construction data file. According to the evaluation results, the positive achievements and improvement suggestions in the construction can be fed back to the relevant teams to ensure that the obtained experience and lessons can be more effectively applied in future projects.

[0124] Refer to Figure 2 , in step S1, before construction, it is first necessary to comprehensively collect the environmental data of the night construction area, including traffic flow, meteorological information, travel patterns of surrounding residents, etc. Sensors and data acquisition software can be used to monitor the changes in traffic flow in real time, and GIS technology can be used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area. The spatial analysis steps of the GIS technology are as follows:

[0125] A1. Buffer analysis: Evaluate the environmental impact around the construction area. The evaluation formula is:

[0126] B(x,d) = {y / dist(x,y) ≤ d};

[0127] where B(x,d) represents a buffer with point x as the center and d as the radius; dist(x,y) represents the distance between x and y,

[0128] A2. Overlay analysis: Overlay the construction area layer with the surrounding environment and traffic network layers;

[0129] A3. Hot spot analysis: Determine the traffic peak in the construction area. The traffic formula is:

[0130]

[0131] Among them, H represents the hotspot analysis result; f(i) represents the regional eigenvalue; E(f(i)) represents the expected value of the regional eigenvalue; σ(f(i)) represents the standard deviation of the eigenvalue;

[0132] A4. Data comparison: Generate a visualization map through the spatial analysis of the GIS technology to display the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area. By comparing historical data with current data, identify peak flow periods and off-peak flow periods.

[0133] Specifically, first, evaluate the environmental impact around the construction area through buffer analysis. This analysis method helps to understand the potential impact of construction on the surrounding area. For example, for a buffer formed with point x as the center and radius d, the affected area within the buffer can be calculated in the way defined by the formula. This helps to grasp the possible influencing factors before construction, so as to formulate targeted management measures to minimize the impact of the construction process on the surrounding environment;

[0134] After completing the buffer analysis, perform overlay analysis by overlaying the construction area with the surrounding environment and traffic network layers. This step is to comprehensively consider image factors, merge different data layers through the GIS platform, and identify the correlation between the construction area and the surrounding environment. Overlay analysis can help project managers more clearly see the connection between the construction area and the surrounding traffic flow and resident activity, so as to provide data support for the subsequent formulation of traffic guidance plans;

[0135] Next, determine the traffic peak within the construction area through hotspot analysis. This step aims to identify the traffic peak within a specific period to minimize the impact of construction on traffic. According to the flow formula, the flow eigenvalue within a specific area can be calculated and compared with the expected value and standard deviation to obtain the H value, finally revealing when the traffic peak may occur in the construction area. In this way, managers can accurately plan the construction time, such as operating during periods with less traffic, to reduce the interference to road traffic;

[0136] Finally, generate a visualization map through the spatial analysis of the GIS technology to display the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area. This graphical display method makes the data analysis results more intuitive, facilitating understanding and dissemination. At the same time, by comparing historical data with current data, managers can identify and confirm peak flow periods and off-peak flow periods, providing a basis for construction scheduling. Understanding these flow patterns is crucial for formulating night construction plans to ensure that construction is arranged during periods with less traffic flow to reduce the impact on citizens' travel.

[0137] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6, in step S2, the risk score is: the score of each risk obtained by calculating the product of the degree of impact and the probability of occurrence obtained on-site. The risk score is divided into the degree of impact and the probability of occurrence, and is represented by a rating system of 1-5. The rating system classifies risks as follows:

[0138] Low risk: score ranges from 1-5;

[0139] Medium risk: score ranges from 6-10;

[0140] High risk: score ranges from 11-15;

[0141] Extremely high risk: score ranges from 16-25;

[0142] By constructing a risk matrix based on the risk score, the value of each cell in the risk matrix is the risk score.

[0143] Specifically, in this step, the score of each risk is obtained by calculating the product of the degree of impact of on-site factors and the probability of occurrence. Specifically, a rating system of 1-5 is used to evaluate each risk factor, where:

[0144] Degree of impact: Evaluate the degree of impact on the project after the potential risk occurs. The scoring standard is from 1 (almost no impact) to 5 (extremely severe impact);

[0145] Probability of occurrence: Evaluate the possibility of the risk event occurring. The scoring standard is also from 1 (extremely unlikely to occur) to 5 (extremely likely to occur);

[0146] By multiplying these two scores, the final risk score is obtained. For example, if the degree of impact of a certain risk is 4 and the probability of occurrence is 3, then its risk score is 12, belonging to high risk (11-15 points). The advantage of this scoring system is that it can quantify risks, facilitating subsequent management and control; this grading system enables project managers to quickly identify the severity of risks, and thus adopt corresponding strategies to respond. For example, for extremely high risks, a detailed response plan should be immediately formulated and corresponding control measures should be implemented to ensure construction safety;

[0147] Based on the above risk scores, a risk matrix is then constructed. A risk matrix is a two-dimensional tabular tool that can help visualize the scoring of different risk factors. Each cell of the matrix represents a specific value of the risk score. The rows and columns correspond to the impact level and the probability of occurrence respectively. The impact level (1 - 5) is listed on the left side of the matrix, and the probability of occurrence (1 - 5) is listed at the top. The value at the intersection point is the corresponding risk score. For example, if the impact level of a certain risk is 4 and the probability of occurrence is 2, then write 8 (medium risk) in the corresponding matrix cell. This matrix provides a decision-maker with an intuitive way to determine which risks need to be prioritized. Through the above steps, the calculation of risk scores and the construction of the risk matrix not only improve the efficiency of risk identification and control in project management but also provide important data support for subsequent emergency response and resource allocation.

[0148] Refer to Figure 3 , in step S2, the architecture of the loss economy model is as follows:

[0149] B1. Identify the types of risks through qualitative and quantitative methods;

[0150] B2. Conduct loss assessment, and the loss assessment includes the following two parts: direct loss and indirect loss. The direct loss is:

[0151] A = ∑(b + c + d + e);

[0152] where A represents the direct loss; b represents the equipment cost; c represents the material cost; d represents the labor cost; e represents the medical expense;

[0153] The indirect loss is:

[0154] M = K × L;

[0155] where M represents the indirect loss, K represents the project delay time; L represents the daily revenue loss;

[0156] B3. Construct a probability distribution through the risk matrix, analyze the likelihood of different risks occurring and their potential impacts, and combine the direct loss and the indirect loss to obtain the overall loss assessment result;

[0157] B4. Organize the results of the loss economy model into a report and submit it to the management.

[0158] Specifically, first, identify the possible risk types during the construction process through qualitative and quantitative methods. Different risks can be classified as safety risks, quality risks, environmental risks, etc. The qualitative method emphasizes judging the nature and scope of influence of risks, while the quantitative method is based on data analysis and historical cases, assigning a quantitative index to each risk. The core of this link is to provide basic data for subsequent loss assessment, thus ensuring the pertinence and effectiveness of the assessment;

[0159] Based on the above loss assessment, analyze the likelihood of different risks occurring and their potential impacts through the constructed risk matrix. The risk matrix will help project managers visualize the risk level differentiation, classify according to the occurrence probability and loss magnitude, and thus form the corresponding probability distribution. By combining direct losses and indirect losses, obtain the overall loss assessment result. The result of this process helps management understand the economic impact of risk management and prioritize; finally, organize the results of the loss economic model into a clear report and submit it to the management. This report should not only include the evaluated direct and indirect losses, but also contain suggestions on risk management strategies. This will provide a strong basis for decision-making, help formulate effective project management and emergency response plans to reduce potential future economic losses.

[0160] Refer to Figure 4 , in step S3, the implementation steps of the multi-objective optimization model are as follows:

[0161] C1. Data collection and analysis: Collect construction-related data for night construction management;

[0162] C2. Develop a construction plan: Before night construction, develop a comprehensive construction plan based on the data;

[0163] C3. Evaluate the construction plan through an optimization algorithm, and balance the relationship between various objectives by constructing an objective function. The objective function is:

[0164] maximizef = ω1·p - ω2·u - ω3·t - ω4·q;

[0165] where ω i represents the weight of each objective; p represents construction efficiency; u represents traffic impact; t represents quality risk; q represents environmental impact, and adjust and optimize according to project requirements through the objective function;

[0166] C4. Establish a night construction leading group to conduct on-site coordination and management according to the construction plan, and at the same time conduct real-time monitoring, and use the method of dynamically adjusting weights to deal with emergencies. The method of dynamically adjusting weights is:

[0167] ω′ = ω i ×f;

[0168] Among them, f represents a function that varies with the emergency situation, and adjusts each target weight according to the actual situation.

[0169] Specifically, first, it is necessary to collect construction-related data for night construction management. This includes various resource data required for construction, traffic flow, construction influencing factors, etc. After the data is collected, it should be analyzed to determine the impact degree of these factors on construction, laying a foundation for subsequent specific construction plans. For example, collect traffic flow information and historical construction data during specific night time periods, and by comparing the actual impacts in different time periods, it is convenient to better predict the impact of construction on traffic;

[0170] After completing the data analysis, formulate a comprehensive construction plan based on the collected data:

[0171] 1) Establish a traffic guidance team with the project manager as the first person in charge, and establish a traffic organization structure. Strengthen on-site management. Conduct road construction safety education for all construction personnel and conduct a full-staff assessment. And assign special personnel to be responsible for checking the implementation of the traffic plan, respond to the requirements of the traffic department in a timely manner, and achieve dynamic management.

[0172] 2) On the premise of meeting the overall project duration requirements of the owner and the duration requirements of each construction stage, fully consider various construction impacts, scientifically and reasonably organize traffic, and try to maintain the existing traffic capacity as much as possible, minimizing the impact of project construction on social traffic.

[0173] 3) Before construction, refine the traffic organization and guidance measures, and submit them to the owner and the traffic management department for approval. After passing, seriously organize and implement them; during construction, strictly follow this guidance plan to ensure the uninterrupted traffic on this road and meet the safety requirements for the travel of nearby unit personnel and vehicles.

[0174] 4) Strictly in accordance with the requirements of the Traffic Management Bureau, set up safety facility signs that meet the standards, and promptly replace the facilities damaged or lost due to vehicle collisions. Set up traffic safety sign lights, special flashing warning lights, and signboards on the night construction enclosures and supports.

[0175] 5) The guidance signs are complete and effective, and warning lights are set at important navigation parts.

[0176] 6) Strictly implement the guidance according to the guidance plan approved by the Traffic Management Bureau. The construction operation scope is strictly controlled within the approved area, and is carried out in sections. After one section of construction is completed, the next section of construction is carried out.

[0177] 7) To prevent congestion on this road, add construction signs for the road ahead to remind drivers to detour early and reduce traffic congestion.

[0178] 8) Set up traffic assistants in the civilized construction team. They shall uniformly pass the training organized by the company, be specially assigned to watch over key sections during construction, and wear uniform clothing. They shall be neat and uniform, obey orders, and are strictly prohibited from leaving their posts.

[0179] 9) Do a good job in publicity work and obtain the understanding and support of surrounding units and residents in advance. Provide certain assistance if necessary.

[0180] At the same time, set up traffic guidance methods during construction:

[0181] According to the actual situation of large current road traffic flow and scattered construction, etc., in order to reduce the interference of construction machinery on the current traffic, the construction shall be arranged in the same direction as the current traffic during construction. According to the construction process characteristics of the designed road surface structure, the milling shall be carried out in accordance with the principle of "from deep to shallow". The specific traffic guidance deployment is as follows:

[0182] 1) Traffic guidance for road surface disease treatment:

[0183] Road construction: From 0:00 to 5:00 at night, occupy one-way half-width road surface in sections (each section is 200 - 300 meters long) for disease treatment construction. During construction, guide motor vehicles into the other half of the motor vehicle lane for passage, and guide non-motor vehicles into the footpath for passage. Restore traffic during the day.

[0184] 2) Traffic guidance for the removal and masonry construction of pedestrian pavement bricks and curb stones:

[0185] Replacement construction of pavement bricks and curb stones: From 0:00 to 5:00 at night, occupy half of the footpath in sections (each section is 50 meters long) for construction. During the construction period, guide pedestrians into the other half. Restore traffic during the day.

[0186] 3) Asphalt concrete paving for the road surface wearing course:

[0187] Asphalt paving construction for the road surface wearing course:

[0188] From 0:00 to 5:00 at night, occupy the road for construction in sections and parts. When paving the road surface wearing course, close one-way half-width lane for paving construction, and guide motor vehicles to the other half of the motor vehicle lane for passage. Restore traffic during the day.

[0189] 4) The guidance period is controlled from 24:00 at night to 5:00 the next day, and the current traffic shall be fully guaranteed during the remaining periods.

[0190] 2. Construction requirements for traffic guidance

[0191] 1) The traffic guidance plan shall be reported to the owner and the traffic management bureau for approval before implementation, and the implementation rate of safety education for road construction workers shall reach 100%.

[0192] 2) During the construction period, in accordance with the requirements of the Traffic Management Bureau, the placement of various safety facilities signs and placards meets the requirements, and those lost or damaged shall be replaced in a timely manner. Warning lights shall be installed on all fences and supports, and there shall be special personnel for management and maintenance.

[0193] 3) During the construction process, strictly follow the construction guidance plan approved by the Traffic Management Bureau in terms of content and specific requirements. Ensure timely start and completion of work in terms of time, and strictly control the construction operation scope within the approved area.

[0194] 4) The project management department organizes a group of full-time traffic assistants for training according to the project needs. Special personnel shall be responsible for watching over the guidance areas at key sections and intersections during the construction, and they shall be uniformly dressed, fully responsible, obedient to orders, and strictly prohibited from leaving their posts.

[0195] 5) During the construction period, the integrity of the fence must be ensured. The required construction materials shall be stored inside the fence. If it is necessary to temporarily occupy the road, it shall be approved by the relevant departments to ensure the site is civilized and tidy.

[0196] 6) All construction transport vehicles shall drive along the specified driving routes. When transporting construction waste, it is necessary to prevent vehicle spillage, not to be overloaded, the carriage shall be tightly closed, and construction vehicles (especially those transporting soil) must be cleaned before leaving the construction site.

[0197] Next, use an optimization algorithm to evaluate the construction plan. By constructing an objective function to balance the relationships between various objectives, through this objective function, the priorities of each objective can be adjusted according to the project requirements and actual situation to achieve the optimal construction effect. In practical applications, for night construction, special attention needs to be paid to the balance between construction efficiency and traffic impact to ensure that the construction progress does not affect the surrounding traffic flow;

[0198] Finally, establish a night construction leading group responsible for on-site coordination and management according to the formulated construction plan. This group will conduct real-time monitoring during the construction process and use the method of dynamically adjusting weights to deal with emergencies.

[0199] Refer to Figure 1 , in step S4, during the construction process, collect construction information, monitor all aspects of the construction through the set standards. The set standards are:

[0200] I1 = f(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5);

[0201] Among them, I1 represents the monitoring index; x1 represents the progress standard; x2 represents the safety standard; x3 represents the quality standard; x4 represents the environmental standard; x5 represents the civilized construction standard; generate a real-time report through the above standards to indicate the current construction status and provide decision-making support for the manager. According to the results of the monitoring index, judge whether it is necessary to adjust the construction plan.

[0202] Specifically, during the construction process, it is necessary to first clarify the various indicators to be monitored. These standards include:

[0203] Progress standards: used to assess whether the construction progress meets the planned schedule and ensure that the work at each stage is completed on time;

[0204] Safety standards: Aim to ensure the safety of the construction site and avoid accidents, including safety protection measures for construction workers;

[0205] Quality standards: ensure that all aspects of the construction meet the design requirements and engineering quality specifications to avoid rework due to construction quality issues;

[0206] Environmental standards: reduce the impact of construction on the surrounding environment and ensure that the construction process complies with environmental protection regulations;

[0207] Civilized construction standards: ensure the cleanliness and civilization of the construction site, and enhance the professionalism and social image of construction behavior;

[0208] The setting of the above standards should be carried out in accordance with the relevant documents such as the "Construction Engineering Supervision Specifications" to ensure that the set standards have legal effect and professional guidance; during the construction process, information related to construction should be collected in real time through information technology. This includes construction progress data, safety inspection records, quality inspection reports, environmental monitoring data, etc. Specifically, managers should set the frequency and method of information collection, and may use a combination of automated monitoring systems or manual inspections to ensure the accuracy and timeliness of information; generate real-time reports through the set monitoring indicators and the collected construction information. These reports will comprehensively reflect the current construction status, including progress deviations, safety hazards, quality defects, environmental violations, and civilized construction conditions. This report can not only provide decision-making support for managers, but also help the construction team to immediately identify problems and make improvements; based on the generated real-time reports, managers need to conduct in-depth analysis of the results of monitoring indicators. If there are obvious deviations in progress standards, safety standards or quality standards, it is necessary to promptly determine whether the construction plan needs to be adjusted. This process should refer to the relevant requirements of documents such as the "Construction Engineering Construction Site Living Area Setting and Management Specifications" to ensure the rationality of the adjustment plan and the feasibility of implementation. Clearly put forward corresponding rectification measures and optimization plans to maintain the overall goals of the project;

[0209] Through the above steps, the monitoring standards set during the construction process will ensure the coordination and compliance of all aspects of the construction, forming a closed-loop monitoring system. Clear standardization implementation and real-time information feedback mechanism make construction management more scientific and systematic, effectively support managers in making decisions, thereby improving construction efficiency and quality and ensuring the smooth completion of the project.

[0210] Reference Figure 5, in step S5, after the construction is completed, a systematic evaluation of the entire construction process should be carried out. The framework of the systematic evaluation is as follows:

[0211] D1. During the construction process, collect various data through a real-time monitoring system, record the actual situation of each construction stage, and form a complete construction data file;

[0212] D2. Regularly summarize and analyze the collected data, judge whether the construction meets the set standards, and based on the data results, judge the effectiveness of the construction effect and management decisions;

[0213] D3. Establish a feedback mechanism and promptly feedback to the relevant teams according to the evaluation results. The feedback content includes:

[0214] First, positive achievements and improvement suggestions;

[0215] Second, the construction plan and management process that need to be adjusted;

[0216] D4. According to the evaluation results and feedback, adjust the construction plan, resource allocation, and operation process to optimize the overall construction effect;

[0217] D5. Integrate the results of the evaluation and feedback into future construction management to continuously optimize the method of night construction management decisions, and hold regular review meetings to analyze the experiences and lessons of past projects and provide references for future construction.

[0218] Specifically, during the construction process, collect various data through a real-time monitoring system and record the actual situation of each construction stage. It is crucial to form a complete construction data file during this process. Such data can include information on construction progress, safety monitoring, quality control, etc. To ensure the quality of project inspection work, the quality inspection work implements multi-level checks under the responsibility of the quality management leading group, and the technical quality department is responsible for the unified coordination of the quality inspection and acceptance work of the entire section. For each sub-project, 2 - 3 quality inspectors with work permits and rich construction experience are selected to be responsible for the daily inspection and acceptance work of the construction projects they undertake. The inspection and acceptance of major sub-projects and sub-divisions, units, and section projects must be presided over and participated in by the technical quality department of the project department, and systematic records are ensured so that each sub-project and process has corresponding quality records for subsequent systematic summary and evaluation;

[0219] Regularly summarize and analyze the collected data to judge whether the construction meets the set standards. This includes the inspection of aspects such as construction progress, quality, and safety. By comparing the actual construction with the preset standards, the effectiveness of the construction effect and management decisions can be effectively judged. Establish a detailed inspection system as follows:

[0220] Before construction, the project's chief engineer shall conduct engineering technical quality disclosure to all project management personnel (including the project manager), clarifying the quality objectives and quality standards.

[0221] Define the responsibilities of each level of management department and establish a traceability system.

[0222] Establish the relationship among the construction, quality control, and surveying departments of the project department, and establish and improve the quality control procedures.

[0223] The project department implements the "one-vote veto system" for quality;

[0224] The quality control of each process adheres to the whole-process control, strictly grasps the pre-control and in-process control, and does a good job in the post-control (process acceptance).

[0225] Strictly implement the system that each process has a "construction technical disclosure form".

[0226] Self-inspection: After a process is completed, the quality inspector of the team shall check the quality of the team according to the quality standards, fill in the process self-inspection form. If problems are found, rectify them and then conduct another inspection.

[0227] Mutual inspection: After a process is completed, the quality inspector of the team shall conduct a comparison check on the quality of the team according to the quality standards, reward the excellent and punish the inferior, play a supervisory role and help with rectification.

[0228] Special inspection: After each process is completed, the team conducts self-inspection, and then the constructor organizes handover inspection. After passing the inspection, the quality inspector conducts inspection. After passing the inspection, fill in the quality record and report to the supervision engineer for concealed works acceptance or sub-item and sub-division acceptance. Only after passing the acceptance can the next process be carried out;

[0229] Strictly control the incoming materials, select material suppliers with qualifications and good reputations, and organize the supervision to conduct inspections.

[0230] Strengthen the management of the quality certification materials of the materials leaving the factory. For materials with incomplete factory test materials or problems, seal them up or return them, and use the emergency release procedure carefully.

[0231] Implement the system of quality inspection and re-inspection for the incoming materials. Materials that have not been inspected and tested shall not be used in the project.

[0232] Implement the witness sampling system and control the project quality according to the supervision procedures;

[0233] Evaluate the quality awareness and actual implementation of all employees through the above systems to ensure that the completion of each process complies with the specifications.

[0234] The implementation principle of the embodiments of this application is as follows: Before construction, by comprehensively collecting environmental data in the night construction area, including traffic flow, meteorological information, and the travel patterns of surrounding residents, an accurate data base is achieved. Sensors and data acquisition software are applied for real-time monitoring, and GIS technology is used for spatial analysis, including buffer analysis, overlay analysis, and hotspot analysis, to identify peak traffic flow periods. These data will be used for risk assessment, and the risk score is calculated by multiplying the degree of impact by the probability of occurrence. A rating system of 1-5 is used to evaluate the risk level. In this way, the construction team can identify potential risks before construction, laying a foundation for subsequent decision-making;

[0235] After completing the risk assessment, a multi-objective optimization model is used, taking construction time, cost, safety, and environmental impact as key decision variables to generate the best construction time window and resource allocation plan. At the same time, real-time monitoring is implemented during the construction process, and all aspects of the project are supervised according to the set standards. The standards include progress, safety, quality, environmental protection, and civilized construction, etc. Real-time reports are generated through the monitoring results to provide decision-making support for managers, ensuring flexible adjustments during the construction process to cope with emergencies and improving the scientificity and adaptability of construction management;

[0236] After the construction is completed, a system evaluation is carried out, recording the actual situation of each stage of construction to form a complete construction data file. These data are regularly summarized and analyzed to determine whether the construction meets the set standards, and the effectiveness of the construction effect and management decision-making is judged. A feedback mechanism is established to timely feedback the evaluation results to the relevant teams, including positive achievements and improvement suggestions, as well as the construction plan and management process that need to be adjusted. This process not only optimizes the existing construction plan, resource allocation, and operation process, but also integrates the evaluation and feedback results into future construction management to form a continuous improvement cycle, so as to provide effective reference for subsequent night construction.

[0237] The embodiments of this specific implementation manner are all preferred embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. The same components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A decision-making method for night construction management on arterial roads, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Data collection and analysis: Collect the nighttime environmental data of the construction area, and use data analysis tools to evaluate the potential impacts at different time periods; S2. Risk assessment: Based on the collected data, conduct construction risk assessment; S3. Decision model construction: Establish a multi-objective optimization model, taking construction time, cost, safety, and environmental impact as decision variables, and generate the optimal construction time window and resource allocation plan; S4. Real-time monitoring and adjustment: Implement real-time monitoring during the construction process, and adjust the construction plan according to the real-time data; S5. Evaluation and feedback: Evaluate the construction process, and collect feedback information to optimize the decision model.

2. The decision-making method for night construction management of arterial roads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, before construction, it is first necessary to comprehensively collect the environmental data of the nighttime construction area, including traffic flow, meteorological information, travel patterns of surrounding residents, etc. Sensors and data acquisition software can be used to monitor the changes in traffic flow in real time, and GIS technology can be used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area. The spatial analysis steps of the GIS technology are as follows: A1. Buffer analysis: Evaluate the environmental impacts around the construction area. The evaluation formula is: B(x,d) = {y / dist(x,y) ≤ d}; where B(x,d) represents the buffer with point x as the center and d as the radius; dist(x,y) represents the distance between x and y. A2. Overlay analysis: Overlay the environmental and traffic network layers around the construction area; A3. Hot spot analysis: Determine the traffic peaks in the construction area. The traffic formula is: where H represents the result of hot spot analysis; f(i) represents the regional eigenvalue; E(f(i)) represents the expected value of the regional eigenvalue; σ(f(i)) represents the standard deviation of the eigenvalue. A4. Data comparison: Generate a visualization map through the spatial analysis of the GIS technology to display the spatial distribution characteristics of the construction area. Identify the peak traffic flow periods and low traffic flow periods by comparing historical data with current data.

3. A method for making management decisions for night construction on arterial roads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the risk score is: The score of each risk obtained by calculating the product of the impact degree and the occurrence probability obtained on-site. The risk score is divided into impact degree and occurrence probability, and is represented by a 1-5 level scoring system. The level scoring system classifies risks as follows: Low risk: The score is between 1-5; Medium risk: The score is between 6-10; High risk: The score is between 11-15; Extremely high risk: The score is between 16-25; Construct a risk matrix based on the risk score. The value of each cell in the risk matrix is the risk score.

4. A decision-making method for night construction management on arterial roads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the architecture of the loss economic model is as follows: B1. Clearly define the types of risks through qualitative and quantitative methods; B2. Conduct loss assessment. The loss assessment includes the following two parts: direct loss and indirect loss. The direct loss is: A = ∑(b + c + d + e); where A represents the direct loss; b represents equipment cost; c represents material cost; d represents labor cost; e represents medical expenses. The indirect loss is: M = K × L; where M represents the indirect loss, K represents the project delay time; L represents the daily income loss. B3. Construct a probability distribution through the risk matrix, analyze the likelihood of different risks occurring and their potential impacts, and combine direct losses with indirect losses to obtain the overall loss assessment result; B4. Organize the results of the loss economic model into a report and submit it to the manager.

5. The method for making management decisions for night construction on arterial roads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the implementation steps of the multi-objective optimization model are as follows: C1. Data collection and analysis: Collect data related to construction for night construction management; C2. Develop a construction plan: Before night construction, develop a comprehensive construction plan based on the data; C3. Evaluate the construction plan through an optimization algorithm, and balance the relationships between various objectives by constructing an objective function. The objective function is: maximizef = ω1·p - ω2·u - ω3·t - ω4·q; Among them, ω i represents the weight of each objective; p represents the construction efficiency; u represents the traffic impact; t represents the quality risk; q represents the environmental impact, which is adjusted and optimized according to the project requirements through the objective function; C4. Establish a night construction leading group to conduct on-site coordination and management according to the construction plan, and at the same time conduct real-time monitoring. Use the method of dynamically adjusting weights to respond to emergencies. The method of dynamically adjusting weights is: ω′ = ω i × f; where f represents a function that changes with emergencies, and adjust the weights of each objective according to the actual situation.

6. The method for making management decisions on night construction of arterial roads according to claim 1, wherein, In step S4, collect construction information during the construction process, monitor all aspects of the construction through the set standards. The set standards are: I1 = f(x1, x2, x3, x4, x5); where I1 represents the monitoring index; x1 represents the progress standard; x2 represents the safety standard; x3 represents the quality standard; x4 represents the environmental standard; x5 represents the civilized construction standard. Generate a real-time report through the above standards to indicate the current construction status and provide decision support to the manager. According to the results of the monitoring index, determine whether it is necessary to adjust the construction plan.

7. A method for nighttime construction management decision-making on arterial roads according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, after the construction is completed, conduct a systematic evaluation of the entire construction process. The framework of the systematic evaluation is as follows: D1. During the construction process, collect various data through the real-time monitoring system, record the actual situation of each construction stage, and form a complete construction data file; D2. Regularly summarize and analyze the collected data, judge whether the construction meets the set standards, and judge the effectiveness of the construction effect and management decision according to the data results; D3. Establish a feedback mechanism, and timely feedback to the relevant teams according to the evaluation results. The feedback content includes: First, positive achievements and improvement suggestions; Second, the construction plan and management process that need to be adjusted; D4. Adjust the construction plan, resource allocation and operation process according to the evaluation results and feedback to optimize the overall construction effect; D5. Integrate the evaluation and feedback results into future construction management to continuously optimize the method of night construction management decision-making, and hold regular review meetings to analyze the experience and lessons of past projects to provide reference for future construction.

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