Thermal runaway management method of battery device, thermal runaway management system and electric equipment

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal runaway management method of a battery device, a thermal runaway management system and electric equipment, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device comprises the following steps: in response to a parameter meeting a first threshold condition, starting a primary alarm mode; wherein the first-level alarm mode comprises the step of recording parameters, but does not give an alarm prompt; in response to the parameter meeting a second threshold condition, starting a secondary alarm mode; the secondary alarm mode comprises alarm prompting and reporting to the battery control unit; in response to the parameter meeting a third threshold condition, starting a third-level alarm mode; the three-level alarm mode comprises an alarm prompt mode and a manual fire extinguishing mode; in response to the parameter meeting a fourth threshold condition, starting a fourth-level alarm mode; the four-level alarm mode comprises alarm prompting and automatic fire extinguishing mode starting. In this way, alarms of different grades are given according to different periods of thermal runaway, different fire extinguishing system actions are executed, and the reliability of the battery device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of batteries, and in particular to a thermal runaway management method, a thermal runaway management system and an electrical device for a battery device. Background Art

[0002] With the wide application of power batteries, the problem of thermal runaway of batteries has gradually emerged. Therefore, how to manage the thermal runaway of batteries and give timely warnings is crucial for ensuring the reliability of battery systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a thermal runaway management method, a thermal runaway management system and an electrical device for a battery device, so as to monitor whether the battery device has a thermal runaway and improve the reliability of the battery device.

[0004] To solve the above technical problem, in a first aspect, a technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a thermal runaway management method for a battery device, including: Collecting parameters of the battery device through a sensor; In response to the parameters satisfying a first threshold condition, starting a first-level alarm mode; wherein, the first-level alarm mode includes recording the parameters but not giving an alarm prompt; In response to the parameters satisfying a second threshold condition, starting a second-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition, and the second-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and reporting to a battery control unit; In response to the parameters satisfying a third threshold condition, starting a third-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the third threshold condition are higher than those of the second threshold condition, and the third-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and turning on a manual fire extinguishing mode; In response to the parameters satisfying a fourth threshold condition, starting a fourth-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the fourth threshold condition are higher than those of the third threshold condition, and the fourth-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and turning on an automatic fire extinguishing mode.

[0005] In the above technical solution, different levels of alarms are given for different periods of thermal runaway, and different fire extinguishing system actions are executed, making the alarm more targeted and timely, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device. Among them, the first threshold condition is set relatively low. The first-level alarm may or may not be accompanied by thermal runaway. The first-level alarm only records data and does not give an alarm prompt, which can reduce the risk of false alarms and further reduce unnecessary panic among users. In addition, the parameters recorded in the first-level alarm mode can be transmitted outward in the second-level alarm mode, enabling researchers to know what happened before thermal runaway, so that researchers can analyze the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (first-level alarm) and optimize subsequent thermal runaway management methods. The requirement of the second threshold condition is higher than that of the first threshold condition. The battery device is in the initial stage of thermal runaway. The requirement of the third threshold condition is higher than that of the second threshold condition. The battery device is in the middle stage of thermal runaway. The requirement of the fourth threshold condition is higher than that of the third threshold condition. The battery device is in the late stage of thermal runaway. The battery control unit takes corresponding fire extinguishing actions according to the thermal runaway level.

[0006] In some of the embodiments, the parameters include at least one of volatile organic compound parameters, carbon monoxide parameters, temperature parameters, and smoke parameters. The first threshold condition includes that at least one of the following conditions holds: the volatile organic compound parameter satisfies the first volatile organic compound threshold and the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the first carbon monoxide threshold; and / or The second threshold condition includes that at least two of the following conditions hold: the volatile organic compound parameter satisfies the second volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the second carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold; wherein, the second volatile organic compound threshold is higher than the first volatile organic compound threshold, and the second carbon monoxide threshold is higher than the first carbon monoxide threshold; and / or The third threshold condition includes that at least two of the following conditions hold: the volatile organic compound parameter satisfies the third volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the third carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold; wherein, the third volatile organic compound threshold is higher than the second volatile organic compound threshold, the third carbon monoxide threshold is higher than the second carbon monoxide threshold, and the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold; and / or The fourth threshold condition includes that at least three of the following conditions are satisfied: the volatile organic compound parameter meets the third volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameter meets the third carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameter meets the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter meets the smoke threshold, and the satisfaction of the at least three conditions includes that the temperature parameter meets the third temperature threshold; wherein, the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the first level has a lower risk. Only when the volatile organic compound or carbon monoxide parameter meets the lower threshold can it be preliminarily determined that there is a slight risk, which is convenient for timely discovery of potential abnormalities; the judgment conditions of the second level include parameters such as temperature and temperature rise, and require at least two conditions to be satisfied to reduce misjudgment caused by a single factor; the judgment conditions of the third level include volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, temperature, temperature rise and smoke parameters, and require at least two conditions to be satisfied, which can more comprehensively evaluate the risk; the third level considers a variety of data indicators, can monitor and give early warnings in a timely manner, and improves the reliability of the battery device; the conditions of the fourth level require at least three conditions to be satisfied and the temperature must meet the standard, reducing the probability of false alarms and improving the reliability of the thermal runaway management of the battery device.

[0008] In some of the embodiments, the voltage corresponding to the first volatile organic compound threshold is 3.5V - 4.0V; the first carbon monoxide threshold includes a first carbon monoxide concentration threshold and a carbon monoxide slope threshold, the first carbon monoxide concentration threshold is the maximum value of the human-safe carbon monoxide concentration, and the carbon monoxide slope threshold is 10ppm / min - 20ppm / min; The voltage corresponding to the second volatile organic compound threshold is 4.0V - 4.3V; the second carbon monoxide threshold includes a second carbon monoxide concentration threshold and a carbon monoxide slope threshold, the second carbon monoxide concentration threshold is 150ppm - 200ppm; the first temperature threshold is 55°C - 65°C, and the temperature rise threshold is 3°C / min; The voltage corresponding to the third volatile organic compound threshold is 4.3V - 4.7V; the third carbon monoxide threshold includes a third carbon monoxide concentration threshold and a carbon monoxide slope threshold, the third carbon monoxide concentration threshold is 500ppm - 800ppm; the second temperature threshold is 65°C - 75°C; the smoke threshold includes a smoke concentration threshold and a smoke slope threshold, the smoke concentration threshold is 4000ppm - 6000ppm, and the smoke slope threshold is 1500ppm / m 3 / s - 2500ppm / m 3 / s; The third temperature threshold is 75°C - 85°C.

[0009] In the above technical solution, both the carbon monoxide threshold and the smoke threshold consider absolute values and change values, which can reduce false alarms or missed alarms caused by a single indicator and improve the reliability of alarms.

[0010] In some of these embodiments, the method for thermal runaway management of the battery device further includes: In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the first temperature threshold, activate the first-level alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the second temperature threshold, activate the second-level alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold, activate the third-level alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the fourth temperature threshold, activate the fourth-level alarm mode; wherein, the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold.

[0011] In the above technical solution, for all levels of alarms, a temperature gradient alarm logic of a higher alarm level is set as the backup alarm logic for each level of alarm, to prevent that in the worst case, all sensors fail and the temperature threshold can still be used as a reference for alarm.

[0012] In some of these embodiments, in response to the service life of the electrical equipment using the battery device exceeding a preset service life, cancel the concentration alarm logic of the volatile organic compound parameter and the carbon monoxide parameter, and add the sudden increase value alarm logic of the carbon monoxide parameter; the adjustment of each level of alarm mode is as follows: Cancel the first-level alarm mode; The second threshold condition of the second-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the conditions that the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the first sudden increase threshold are established; The third threshold condition of the third-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the conditions that the temperature parameter satisfies the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold, and the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the second sudden increase threshold are established; the second sudden increase threshold is higher than the first sudden increase threshold; The fourth threshold condition of the fourth-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the conditions that the temperature parameter satisfies the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold, and the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the third sudden increase threshold are established; the third sudden increase threshold is higher than the second sudden increase threshold.

[0013] In the above technical solution, when the service life of the electrical equipment of the battery device exceeds the preset service life, by canceling the concentration alarm logic for volatile organic compound parameters and carbon monoxide parameters, the probability of false alarms can be reduced and energy can also be saved; by adding the sudden increase value alarm logic for carbon monoxide parameters, potential dangerous situations can be captured more timely when the service life of the electrical equipment exceeds the preset service life, improving the reliability of the system.

[0014] In some of these embodiments, the first sudden increase threshold is that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 500 ppm - 800 ppm within 1 minute and lasts for 3 seconds - 4 seconds; the second sudden increase threshold is that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 700 ppm - 1000 ppm within 1 minute and lasts for 4 seconds - 5 seconds; the third sudden increase threshold is that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches above 1000 ppm within 1 minute and lasts for more than 5 seconds.

[0015] In the above technical solution, according to the severity of the sudden increase of carbon monoxide, the system activates different levels of alarm modes, gradually escalating from level two to level four; the sudden increase thresholds of carbon monoxide increase step by step and the duration increases, enabling the system to make appropriate responses according to the risk level, improving the reliability of the system and reducing the probability of false alarms.

[0016] In some of these embodiments, the level two alarm mode further includes transmitting the parameters recorded in the level one alarm mode outward.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the level two alarm mode transmitting the parameters recorded in the level one alarm mode outward can let the researchers know what happened before thermal runaway, for the researchers to analyze the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (level one alarm) and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method.

[0018] To solve the above technical problems, in a second aspect, another technical solution adopted by this application is to provide a thermal runaway management method for a battery device, including: Collecting the parameters of the battery device through sensors, In response to the parameters satisfying the first threshold condition and not satisfying the second threshold condition, recording the parameters but not giving an alarm prompt; the requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition.

[0019] In the above technical solution, in response to the parameter satisfying the first threshold condition and not satisfying the second threshold condition, the probability of thermal runaway is very small, and even the risk of thermal runaway is very small. Therefore, the parameter is recorded at this stage, but no alarm prompt is made, which can reduce the probability of false alarms and save energy. In addition, the parameter recorded at this stage can be transmitted outward in the secondary alarm mode (satisfying the second threshold condition), so that researchers can know what happened before the thermal runaway, for the researchers to analyze the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (primary alarm, satisfying the first threshold condition and not satisfying the second threshold condition), and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method.

[0020] In some of these embodiments, in response to the parameter satisfying the second threshold condition, an alarm prompt is made, reported to the battery control unit, and the recorded parameter is transmitted outward.

[0021] In the above technical solution, in response to the parameter satisfying the second threshold condition, the battery device is in a thermal runaway state, and an alarm prompt is made so that the user can take corresponding measures to deal with it, improving the reliability of the battery device. At the same time, transmitting the recorded parameter outward can let the researchers know what happened before the thermal runaway, for the researchers to analyze the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (primary alarm), and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method.

[0022] To solve the above technical problems, in a third aspect, another technical solution adopted by this application is to provide a thermal runaway management method for a battery device, including: A multi-level alarm mode, and the triggering condition of each level of alarm mode includes two independent triggering conditions; wherein, one of the triggering conditions is a composite threshold formed by at least two thresholds among multiple thresholds or a single parameter threshold of a non-temperature threshold, and the other triggering condition is a single temperature threshold; the temperature threshold among the multiple thresholds is lower than the single temperature threshold.

[0023] In the above technical solution, the triggering condition of each level of alarm mode includes independent triggering conditions, and one of the triggering conditions is a single temperature threshold as a guaranteed bottom alarm logic. In some cases, other parameters may not be able to reliably reflect the actual situation due to various reasons (such as sensor failure, data transmission error, etc.). However, temperature is a relatively intuitive and important indicator. Therefore, using a single temperature threshold as the guaranteed bottom alarm logic can still enable the system to issue an alarm in the worst case, reducing the risk of the risk being ignored due to the failure of other conditions and increasing the reliability of the system.

[0024] In some of these embodiments, the single temperature threshold of one level of alarm mode is the temperature threshold among the multiple thresholds of the alarm mode at a level higher than this level of alarm mode.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the triggering condition of a single temperature threshold in the same-level alarm mode is more difficult to meet than another triggering condition, that is, the guaranteed alarm condition is more difficult to trigger, thereby reducing the false alarm probability.

[0026] In some of the embodiments, parameters of the battery device are collected by a sensor, and the parameters include at least one of a volatile organic compound parameter, a carbon monoxide parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter; In response to at least one of the conditions that the volatile organic compound parameter satisfies a first volatile organic compound threshold and the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies a first carbon monoxide threshold being established, or in response to the temperature parameter satisfying a first temperature threshold, a first-level alarm mode is started; wherein, the first-level alarm mode includes recording the parameters but not giving an alarm prompt; In response to at least two of the conditions that the volatile organic compound parameter satisfies a second volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies a second carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies a temperature rise threshold being established, or in response to the temperature parameter satisfying a second temperature threshold, a second-level alarm mode is started; wherein, the second volatile organic compound threshold is higher than the first volatile organic compound threshold, the second carbon monoxide threshold is higher than the first carbon monoxide threshold, the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold, and the second-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and reporting to a battery control unit; In response to at least two of the conditions that the volatile organic compound parameter satisfies a third volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies a third carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies a smoke threshold being established, or in response to the temperature parameter satisfying a third temperature threshold, a third-level alarm mode is started; wherein, the third volatile organic compound threshold is higher than the second volatile organic compound threshold, the third carbon monoxide threshold is higher than the second carbon monoxide threshold, the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold, and the third-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating a manual fire extinguishing mode; In response to at least three of the conditions that the volatile organic compound parameter satisfies the third volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the third carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfies the smoke threshold being established, and the at least three conditions being established including the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold, or in response to the temperature parameter satisfying a fourth temperature threshold, a fourth-level alarm mode is started; wherein, the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold, and the fourth-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating an automatic fire extinguishing mode.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the system is provided with multiple alarm levels, and each level has its specific triggering conditions to cope with different degrees of risks or abnormal situations, facilitating the adoption of corresponding countermeasures.

[0028] To solve the above technical problems, in a fourth aspect, another technical solution adopted by this application is to provide a method for managing thermal runaway of a battery device, including: In response to the service life of the electrical device using the battery device not exceeding a preset service life, judging the thermal runaway level of the battery device through a first parameter; wherein, the first parameter includes at least one of a volatile organic compound concentration parameter, a carbon monoxide concentration parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter; In response to the service life of the electrical device using the battery device exceeding the preset service life, judging the thermal runaway level of the battery device through a second parameter; wherein, the second parameter includes at least one of a sudden increase value of a carbon monoxide parameter, a temperature parameter, and a smoke parameter.

[0029] In the above technical solution, different parameters are used to judge the thermal runaway level of the battery device according to the service life of the electrical device, enabling the system to dynamically adapt to different aging stages of the device, improving the applicability of the monitoring system throughout the service life cycle of the battery device, and enhancing the system performance and reliability.

[0030] In some of the embodiments, the step of judging the thermal runaway level of the battery device through the second parameter specifically includes: In response to at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying a first temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying a temperature rise threshold, and the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying a first sudden increase threshold being established, giving an alarm prompt and reporting to the battery control unit; In response to at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying a second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying a second sudden increase threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfying a smoke threshold being established, giving an alarm prompt and activating a manual fire extinguishing mode; the second sudden increase threshold is higher than the first sudden increase threshold; In response to at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying a third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying a third sudden increase threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfying the smoke threshold being established, giving an alarm prompt and activating an automatic fire extinguishing mode; the third sudden increase threshold is higher than the second sudden increase threshold.

[0031] In the above technical solution, the system is provided with multiple alarm levels, and each level has its specific triggering conditions to cope with different degrees of risks or abnormal situations, facilitating the adoption of corresponding countermeasures; through the stepped judgment of different thresholds, the thermal runaway level can be judged step by step, and the problems occurring in the battery device can be determined more accurately and precisely, thus facilitating the subsequent countermeasures to be more reasonable and reliable.

[0032] In some of the embodiments, the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying the first sudden increase threshold includes: the time when the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the first sudden increase threshold satisfies the first time threshold; The sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying the second sudden increase threshold includes: the time when the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the second sudden increase threshold satisfies the second time threshold; the second time threshold is greater than the first time threshold; The sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying the third sudden increase threshold includes: the time when the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfies the third sudden increase threshold satisfies the third time threshold; the third time threshold is greater than the second time threshold.

[0033] In the above technical solution, by combining the sudden increase threshold and the time threshold, the system can more accurately judge whether the sudden increase of carbon monoxide is a real abnormality, reducing false alarms caused by short-term fluctuations.

[0034] In some of the embodiments, the first time threshold is 3 seconds - 4 seconds; the second time threshold is 4 seconds - 5 seconds; the third time threshold is greater than or equal to 5 seconds.

[0035] In the above technical solution, according to the duration of the sudden increase value of carbon monoxide, the system activates different levels of alarm modes, gradually escalating from level two to level four; the time thresholds increase step by step, enabling the system to make appropriate responses according to the degree of risk and improving the reliability of the system.

[0036] To solve the above technical problems, in a fifth aspect, another technical solution adopted by the present application is to provide a thermal runaway management system for a battery device, including: A sensor for collecting parameters of the battery device; A fire extinguishing host, communicatively connected to the sensor, for executing the thermal runaway management method for the battery device provided in any one of the embodiments of the first aspect above.

[0037] In the above technical solution, for different periods of thermal runaway, alarms of different levels are given, and different fire extinguishing system actions are executed, making the alarms more targeted and timely, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device. Among them, the first threshold condition is set relatively low. For the first-level alarm, thermal runaway may or may not occur. The first-level alarm only records data and does not give an alarm prompt, which can reduce the risk of false alarms, and further reduce unnecessary panic of users. In addition, the parameters recorded in the first-level alarm mode can be used for external transmission in the second-level alarm mode, so that researchers can know what happened before thermal runaway, and provide the researchers with the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (first-level alarm) for analysis, and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method. The requirement of the second threshold condition is higher than that of the first threshold condition. The battery device is in the initial stage of thermal runaway. The requirement of the third threshold condition is higher than that of the second threshold condition. The battery device is in the middle stage of thermal runaway. The requirement of the fourth threshold condition is higher than that of the third threshold condition. The battery device is in the late stage of thermal runaway. The battery control unit takes corresponding fire extinguishing actions according to the thermal runaway level.

[0038] To solve the above technical problems, in a sixth aspect, another technical solution adopted by this application is to provide an electrical equipment, including: A battery device; The thermal runaway management system of the battery device provided in the above fifth aspect.

[0039] In the above technical solution, for different periods of thermal runaway, alarms of different levels are given, and different fire extinguishing system actions are executed, making the alarms more targeted and timely, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device. Among them, the first threshold condition is set relatively low. For the first-level alarm, thermal runaway may or may not occur. The first-level alarm only records data and does not give an alarm prompt, which can reduce the risk of false alarms, and further reduce unnecessary panic of users. In addition, the parameters recorded in the first-level alarm mode can be used for external transmission in the second-level alarm mode, so that researchers can know what happened before thermal runaway, and provide the researchers with the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (first-level alarm) for analysis, and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method. The requirement of the second threshold condition is higher than that of the first threshold condition. The battery device is in the initial stage of thermal runaway. The requirement of the third threshold condition is higher than that of the second threshold condition. The battery device is in the middle stage of thermal runaway. The requirement of the fourth threshold condition is higher than that of the third threshold condition. The battery device is in the late stage of thermal runaway. The battery control unit takes corresponding fire extinguishing actions according to the thermal runaway level. Description of the Drawings

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0041] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a thermal runaway management method for a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 3 It is a schematic exploded view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 4 It is a thermal runaway management method for a battery device provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 5 It is a thermal runaway management method for a battery device provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 6 It is a thermal runaway management method for a battery device provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 7 It is a thermal runaway management method for a battery device provided in some other embodiments of the present application; Figure 8 For Figure 7 It is a flowchart of step S402 in Figure 9 It is a partial circuit diagram of a thermal runaway management system for a battery device provided in some embodiments of the present application; Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical device provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0042] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: 100 - Battery device, 10 - Battery box, 11 - First part, 12 - Second part, 20 - Battery cell, 21 - End cap, 21a - Electrode terminal, 22 - Housing, 23 - Electrode assembly, 23a - Tab, 24 - Connecting member, 25 - Pressure relief mechanism, 300 - Sensor, 400 - Fire extinguishing host, 500 - Fire extinguishing device, 600 - Battery monitoring unit, 700 - BMU, 800 - Instrument, 900 - Switch, 1000 - Thermal runaway management system of the battery device, 2000 - Electrical device. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally further includes steps or units not listed, or optionally further includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0045] Referring to "embodiments" herein means that specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0046] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity, specific order or primary-secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more (including two), such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined. Similarly, "a plurality of groups" means two or more groups (including two groups), and "a plurality of pieces" means two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0047] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B may represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " herein generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0048] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship between components based on the relative orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings). This is only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can also be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0050] Battery thermal runaway refers to an accumulative enhancement effect of the battery current and battery temperature, which gradually causes damage. For example, in a common lead-acid battery, since there is no gap filled with liquid between the positive and negative plates, the oxygen generated at the positive electrode during charging cannot reach the negative electrode, so the negative electrode is not depolarized and hydrogen is more likely to be generated and escape from the battery along with oxygen, resulting in battery thermal runaway. Another example is that when the oxygen circulation gas path inside a lead-acid battery is too smooth, the oxygen released from the positive electrode plate directly acts on the negative electrode plate for oxygen circulation, and the generated heat cannot be discharged in time, leading to battery thermal runaway. Another example is that when a single battery cell in a lead-acid battery pack fails in advance during use, when charging the battery, under the condition that the charging constant voltage remains unchanged, the voltage of the pre-failed battery cell does not rise or rises very slowly, prolonging the charging time. This will cause the voltage of the good battery cells to be relatively too high, and will also cause this battery cell or the entire battery pack to heat up due to overcharging, resulting in battery thermal runaway.

[0051] The issues of energy and the environment are major challenges faced by all mankind. Establishing a clean and renewable new energy system has become an inevitable choice for human society. With the booming development of the industry, while the energy density of battery devices has been improved, potential chemical instabilities have also emerged. For example, the occurrence of thermal runaway in battery devices may lead to major safety accidents such as vehicle spontaneous combustion and energy storage substation fires. Therefore, how to improve the reliability of battery devices and obtain information about the thermal runaway of battery devices earlier has become a hot topic and a difficult problem of key concern.

[0052] In the related art, the alarm strategy cannot achieve targeted and timely alarms, and there is a risk of false alarms, which cannot bring a good user experience.

[0053] In order to be able to achieve targeted and timely alarms for thermal runaway management and reduce the probability of false alarms, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device, the embodiments of the present application provide a thermal runaway management method for a battery device, including: collecting parameters of the battery device through a sensor; in response to the parameters meeting the first threshold condition, starting a first-level alarm mode; wherein, the first-level alarm mode includes recording the parameters but not giving an alarm prompt; in response to the parameters meeting the second threshold condition, starting a second-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition, and the second-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and reporting to the BMU; in response to the parameters meeting the third threshold condition, starting a third-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the third threshold condition are higher than those of the second threshold condition, and the third-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and turning on the manual fire extinguishing mode; in response to the parameters meeting the fourth threshold condition, starting a fourth-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the fourth threshold condition are higher than those of the third threshold condition, and the fourth-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and turning on the automatic fire extinguishing mode.

[0054] In this embodiment, for different periods of thermal runaway, alarms of different levels are given and different fire extinguishing system actions are executed, making the alarm more targeted and timely, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device; among them, the first threshold condition is set relatively low. A first-level alarm may or may not occur during thermal runaway. The first-level alarm only records data and does not give an alarm prompt, which can reduce the risk of false alarms, and thus reduce unnecessary panic among users. In addition, the parameters recorded in the first-level alarm mode can be used for external transmission in the second-level alarm mode, so that researchers can know what happened before thermal runaway, for researchers to analyze the parameters in the early stage (first-level alarm) of thermal runaway and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method; the requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition, the battery device is in the initial stage of thermal runaway, the requirements of the third threshold condition are higher than those of the second threshold condition, the battery device is in the middle stage of thermal runaway, the requirements of the fourth threshold condition are higher than those of the third threshold condition, the battery device is in the late stage of thermal runaway, and the BMU takes corresponding fire extinguishing actions according to the thermal runaway level.

[0055] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 wherein, Figure 1 is a flowchart of the thermal runaway management method for the battery device 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application; Figure 2Schematic diagram of the battery device 100 provided by some embodiments of the present application.

[0057] The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided by the embodiments of the present application includes: Step S101: Collect parameters of the battery device 100 through sensors; Among them, the battery device 100 can be a power battery, which can be a core energy storage device that provides driving energy for electrical equipment, such as electric vehicles, electric ships, etc. In some embodiments, the battery device 100 can be disposed at the bottom, head, or tail of an electric vehicle to supply power to the electric vehicle.

[0058] The battery device 100 provided in this embodiment includes a battery box 10 and a plurality of battery cells 20; the plurality of battery cells 20 are disposed in the battery box 10.

[0059] Among them, the battery box 10 is used to provide an accommodation space for the battery cells 20, and the battery box 10 can adopt various structures. In some embodiments, the battery box 10 can include a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define the accommodation space. The second part 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first part 11 can be a plate-like structure. The first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12 so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define the accommodation space; the first part 11 and the second part 12 can also both be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12. Of course, the battery box 10 formed by the first part 11 and the second part 12 can be of various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0060] In the battery device 100, a plurality of (two or more) battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination. A series-parallel combination means that there are both series and parallel connections among the plurality of battery cells 20. A plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination together, and then the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the battery box 10; of course, the battery device 100 can also be that a plurality of battery cells 20 are first connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination to form a battery module form, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a series-parallel combination to form a whole and are accommodated in the battery box 10. The battery device 100 can also include other structures. For example, the battery device 100 can also include a busbar component for realizing electrical connection among the plurality of battery cells 20.

[0061] Among them, each battery cell 20 can be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it can also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 can be in the shape of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid, or other shapes, etc.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 which is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the battery cell 20 provided for some embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit that makes up the battery. For example Figure 3 , the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0063] The end cap 21 refers to a component that covers the opening of the housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to cooperate with the housing 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy). In this way, the end cap 21 is not easily deformed when subjected to extrusion and collision, enabling the battery cell 20 to have higher structural strength and improved stability. Functional components such as electrode terminals 21a can be provided on the end cap 21. The electrode terminals 21a can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 23 for outputting or inputting the electrical energy of the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the battery cell 20 further includes a connection member 24, and one connection member 24 is correspondingly provided for each electrode terminal 21a, or it can also be called a current collecting member, which is located between the end cap 21 and the electrode assembly 23 and is used to electrically connect the electrode assembly 23 and the electrode terminals 21a. In some embodiments, a pressure relief mechanism 25 for releasing the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold can also be provided on the end cap 21. The material of the end cap 21 can also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiments of the present application do not make special limitations on this. In some embodiments, an insulating member can also be provided on the inner side of the end cap 21, and the insulating member can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit. Exemplarily, the insulating member can be plastic, rubber, etc.

[0064] The housing 22 is a component for cooperating with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Among them, the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, the electrolyte, and other components. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 is covered at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Without limitation, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can first form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to encapsulate the interior of the housing 22, the end cap 21 is then covered on the housing 22. The housing 22 can be of various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The material of the housing 22 can be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not make special restrictions on this.

[0065] The electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 20 where an electrochemical reaction occurs. The housing 22 can contain one or more electrode assemblies 23. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or laminating a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is usually provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with active substances constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 23, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active substances respectively constitute the electrode tabs 23a. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at both ends of the main body respectively. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive electrode active substance and the negative electrode active substance react with the electrolyte, and the electrode tab 23a is connected to the electrode terminal 21a to form a current loop.

[0066] A sensor is an electronic device that monitors and collects the parameters of the battery device 100, and can also be called a detector or a sensor. The parameters collected by the sensor are those inside the battery box 10 and outside the battery cell 20, that is, the parameters of the battery device 100 do not include the parameters inside the battery cell 20, such as voltage, current, etc. The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 in the present application is usually executed when the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 is powered on. There is no worry about power consumption when collecting the parameters of the battery device 100 through the sensor. When the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 is powered off, a low-power mode can be adopted to perform thermal runaway management on the battery device 100.

[0067] In the embodiments of the present application, according to the different parameters of the battery device 100 monitored and collected, the sensors are classified into including volatile organic compound (VOC) sensors, carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) sensors, temperature sensors, and smoke sensors.

[0068] Among them, the VOC sensor is used to detect the concentration of VOC gas in the battery pack. It utilizes the semiconductor principle of the sensor. If the detected gas exists in the ambient air, the conductivity of the VOC sensor will change, and the change in the conductivity of the VOC sensor will be converted into a voltage output signal corresponding to the VOC gas concentration. The Microcontroller Unit (MCU for short) determines the gas concentration by judging the voltage signal, thereby determining the alarm information.

[0069] The CO sensor is used to detect the concentration of CO gas in the battery pack. It utilizes the electrochemical principle of the sensor. If the detected gas exists in the ambient air, the detected gas will undergo a chemical reaction on the reaction electrode of the CO sensor, resulting in a change in the output current of the CO sensor. The output current of the CO sensor and the rear-end resistor are converted into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal is amplified through an operational amplifier, thereby being converted into a voltage output signal corresponding to the gas concentration. The MCU determines the CO gas concentration by judging the voltage signal, thereby determining the alarm information.

[0070] The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature inside the battery device 100. It utilizes the characteristic that the resistance value of the thermistor changes with temperature. The temperature sensor can be a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC for short) thermistor sensor. The NTC thermistor is a thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient, and its resistance value decreases as the temperature increases. Through the voltage divider circuit, the output voltage after NTC voltage division is collected, and the MCU determines the temperature by judging the voltage signal, thereby determining the alarm information.

[0071] The smoke sensor is used to detect the smoke concentration inside the battery device 100. In some embodiments, the smoke sensor adopts a photoelectric measurement system and uses optical dual-wavelength technology for smoke detection. The smoke scatters the PD through the dual-wavelength LED, and the smoke detection is realized by the change in light intensity. The MCU determines the smoke concentration by judging the signal transmitted through the Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI for short) communication, thereby determining the alarm information.

[0072] Step S102: In response to the parameter satisfying the first threshold condition, start the first-level alarm mode; among them, the first-level alarm mode includes recording the parameter but not giving an alarm prompt; Among them, the first threshold condition is set relatively low. When the first threshold condition is met, thermal runaway of the battery device 100 may or may not occur. At this stage, even if thermal runaway occurs, the resulting danger is relatively small, and an alarm can be issued when a higher-level danger occurs subsequently. Therefore, in order to reduce false alarms, at this stage, the first-level alarm mode includes recording parameters but not giving an alarm prompt, reducing unnecessary panic of users. The recorded parameters include all parameters detected by the sensor under the condition of meeting the first threshold condition, such as temperature parameters, VOC parameters, and CO parameters.

[0073] Step S103: In response to the parameters meeting the second threshold condition, activate the second-level alarm mode; among them, the requirement of the second threshold condition is higher than that of the first threshold condition, and the second-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and reporting to the Battery Management Unit (BMU for short); When the parameters meet the second threshold condition, thermal runaway of the battery device 100 occurs and it is in the initial stage of thermal runaway. At this stage, a large amount of electrolyte leaks, and the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 20 opens. At this time, the second-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and reporting to the BMU. Among them, the alarm prompt can be an audible and visual alarm to prompt the user to turn off the electrical equipment; the BMU collects the internal parameters (current, voltage, temperature, etc.) of the battery cell 20 through the battery monitoring unit to further judge the level of thermal runaway. Among them, the BMU and the battery monitoring unit can be integrated into one structure, or the battery monitoring unit can also be a structure independent of the BMU. It can be understood that sensors are also provided inside the battery cell 20 to collect the internal parameters of the battery cell 20, so as to more accurately judge the thermal runaway state of the battery cell 20.

[0074] Step S104: In response to the parameters meeting the third threshold condition, activate the third-level alarm mode; among them, the requirement of the third threshold condition is higher than that of the second threshold condition, and the third-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating the manual fire extinguishing mode; Among them, when the parameters meet the third threshold condition, thermal runaway of the battery device 100 occurs and it is in the middle stage of thermal runaway. The battery cell 20 smokes, and the expansion valve of the battery device 100 (pack) opens. The third-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating the manual fire extinguishing mode. In the manual fire extinguishing mode, the user can judge whether to extinguish the fire manually. It can be understood that if the manual fire extinguishing mode is not activated, the user does not have the permission to extinguish the fire manually. The alarm prompt can be an audible and visual alarm to prompt the user to turn off the electrical equipment, flee the scene, and call the fire alarm.

[0075] Step S105: In response to the parameters meeting the fourth threshold condition, activate the fourth-level alarm mode; among them, the requirement of the fourth threshold condition is higher than that of the third threshold condition, and the fourth-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating the automatic fire extinguishing mode.

[0076] Among them, when the parameter meets the fourth threshold condition, the battery device 100 has a thermal runaway and is in the late stage of thermal runaway. The battery device 100 has a thermal runaway, the battery cell 20 starts to spray fire, and the battery device 100 is completely out of control. At this time, the fourth-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating the automatic fire extinguishing mode. Among them, the alarm prompt can include prompting the user to escape as soon as possible, and the automatic fire extinguishing mode can include spraying water, spraying fire extinguishing agents, etc. In the automatic fire extinguishing mode, the electrical equipment directly performs fire extinguishing actions such as spraying water and spraying fire extinguishing agents.

[0077] In this embodiment, for different periods of thermal runaway, alarms of different levels are given, and different fire extinguishing system actions are executed, making the alarm more targeted and timely, thereby improving the reliability of the battery device 100. Among them, the first threshold condition is set relatively low. The first-level alarm may or may not have a thermal runaway. The first-level alarm only records data and does not give an alarm prompt, which can reduce the risk of false alarms and thus reduce unnecessary panic of users. In addition, the parameters recorded in the first-level alarm mode can be transmitted outward for the second-level alarm mode, so that researchers can know what happened before the thermal runaway, providing the parameters of the early stage of thermal runaway (first-level alarm) for researchers to analyze and optimize subsequent thermal runaway management methods. The requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition. The battery device 100 is in the initial stage of thermal runaway. The requirements of the third threshold condition are higher than those of the second threshold condition. The battery device 100 is in the middle stage of thermal runaway. The requirements of the fourth threshold condition are higher than those of the third threshold condition. The battery device 100 is in the late stage of thermal runaway. The BMU takes corresponding fire extinguishing actions according to the thermal runaway level.

[0078] It can be understood that when the parameter meets both the low-level threshold condition and the high-level threshold condition at the same time, the corresponding high-level alarm mode is activated.

[0079] Further, in some embodiments, the parameters include at least one of VOC parameters, CO parameters, temperature parameters, and smoke parameters; the first threshold condition includes: at least one of the VOC parameter satisfying the first VOC threshold and the CO parameter satisfying the first CO threshold holds; and / or the second threshold condition includes: at least two of the VOC parameter satisfying the second VOC threshold, the CO parameter satisfying the second CO threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold hold; wherein, the second VOC threshold is higher than the first VOC threshold, and the second CO threshold is higher than the first CO threshold; and / or the third threshold condition includes: at least two of the VOC parameter satisfying the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter satisfying the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfying the smoke threshold hold; wherein, the third VOC threshold is higher than the second VOC threshold, the third CO threshold is higher than the second CO threshold, and the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold; and / or the fourth threshold condition includes: at least three of the VOC parameter satisfying the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter satisfying the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter satisfying the smoke threshold hold, and at least three conditions holding includes the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold; wherein, the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold.

[0080] Among them, the fourth level of thermal runaway corresponding to the fourth threshold condition is higher than the third level of thermal runaway corresponding to the third threshold condition, the third level of thermal runaway corresponding to the third threshold condition is higher than the second level of thermal runaway corresponding to the second threshold condition, and the second level of thermal runaway corresponding to the second threshold condition is higher than the first level of thermal runaway corresponding to the first threshold condition. Under different levels of thermal runaway, the parameters in the battery device 100 will change accordingly. Therefore, it is possible to comprehensively judge whether thermal runaway occurs and the level of thermal runaway when it occurs based on the VOC parameters, CO parameters, temperature parameters, and smoke parameters collected by the sensors, so as to take corresponding emergency measures.

[0081] The VOC parameter refers to the data related to the VOC concentration detected by the VOC sensor; in some embodiments, the VOC parameter includes the voltage value corresponding to the VOC concentration. The CO parameter refers to the data related to the CO concentration detected by the CO sensor; in some embodiments, the CO parameter includes the CO concentration; in some other embodiments, the CO parameter includes the CO concentration and the CO slope (also referred to as the "CO concentration increase slope"). The temperature parameter refers to the data related to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor; in some embodiments, the temperature parameter includes the temperature; in some other embodiments, the temperature parameter includes the temperature and the temperature increase slope (temperature rise slope). The smoke parameter refers to the data related to the smoke concentration detected by the smoke sensor; in some embodiments, the smoke parameter includes the smoke concentration; in some other embodiments, the smoke parameter includes the smoke concentration and the smoke slope (also referred to as the "smoke concentration increase slope").

[0082] The first threshold condition includes that at least one of the conditions that the VOC parameter satisfies the first VOC threshold and the CO parameter satisfies the first CO threshold holds. Among them, the VOC parameter is the voltage value corresponding to the VOC concentration, and the CO parameter is the coupled value of the CO concentration and the CO concentration increase slope. Since the operation of the battery cell 20 will generate some CO, and there will be a certain CO concentration after long-term operation in the battery device 100 (pack), sometimes a single CO concentration value cannot reflect the internal situation of the battery cell 20, and it is necessary to combine the CO slope for monitoring. Therefore, the CO concentration and the CO slope are coupled, and only when both the CO concentration and the slope are satisfied, the MCU determines that the CO concentration is abnormal. In the following description, the meanings of the VOC parameter and the CO parameter are the same as this.

[0083] The first threshold condition is used to determine whether to activate the first-level alarm mode. The first threshold condition corresponds to the first level of thermal runaway. At this stage, thermal runaway may or may not occur. The key pollutants during thermal runaway may be VOC or CO. As long as at least one of the two conditions that the VOC parameter satisfies the first VOC threshold or the CO parameter satisfies the first CO threshold holds, it can be considered that the first threshold condition is satisfied, that is, as long as one of the key pollutants (VOC or CO) reaches the corresponding lower-level threshold, the first threshold condition is triggered.

[0084] The second threshold condition includes that at least two of the conditions that the VOC parameter satisfies the second VOC threshold, the CO parameter satisfies the second CO threshold, the temperature parameter satisfies the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter satisfies the temperature rise threshold hold; among them, the second VOC threshold is higher than the first VOC threshold, and the second CO threshold is higher than the first CO threshold.

[0085] The second threshold condition is used to determine whether to activate the secondary alarm mode. The second threshold condition corresponds to the second level of thermal runaway, which is higher than the first level of thermal runaway. This stage is in the initial stage of thermal runaway, with a large amount of electrolyte leakage and the explosion-proof valve of battery cell 20 opening. Among them, temperature, VOC, and CO may all change significantly, which are important reference indicators. For the temperature parameter, both the absolute value of the temperature itself and the temperature rise are considered. Therefore, the parameters involved include VOC, CO, temperature, and temperature rise slope. The determination of the secondary alarm mode requires at least two conditions to be met, which can reduce misjudgment caused by a single condition.

[0086] The third threshold condition includes that at least two of the following conditions are met: the VOC parameter meets the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter meets the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter meets the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter meets the smoke threshold. Among them, the third VOC threshold is higher than the second VOC threshold, the third CO threshold is higher than the second CO threshold, the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold, and the temperature rise threshold in the third threshold condition is the same as the temperature rise threshold in the second threshold condition. The smoke parameter is a coupled value of smoke concentration and smoke slope. Only when both the smoke concentration and the smoke slope reach certain values can it be determined that the smoke concentration is abnormal, that is, it is required that both the absolute value of the smoke concentration is greater than a certain value and the rate of increase in smoke concentration reaches a certain value. As time goes by, there may be some dust inside the battery device 100. Therefore, a single smoke concentration value cannot reflect the situation inside the battery device 100. Therefore, the smoke concentration and the smoke slope are coupled synchronously. Only after both the concentration and the slope are satisfied can the MCU determine that the smoke concentration is abnormal.

[0087] The third threshold condition is used to determine whether to activate the tertiary alarm mode. The third threshold condition corresponds to the third level of thermal runaway, which is higher than the second level of thermal runaway. This stage is in the middle stage of thermal runaway, with battery cell 20 smoking and the expansion valve of the battery device 100 (pack) opening. Among them, more smoke starts to be generated. Therefore, the third threshold condition takes into account the smoke index. The third level considers multiple data indicators, which can monitor and give early warnings in a timely manner, improving the reliability of the battery device 100.

[0088] The fourth threshold condition includes that at least three of the following conditions are satisfied: the VOC parameter meets the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter meets the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter meets the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter meets the smoke threshold, and at least three conditions being satisfied includes the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold; wherein, the third VOC threshold in the fourth threshold condition is the same as the third VOC threshold in the third threshold condition, the third CO threshold in the fourth threshold condition is the same as the third CO threshold in the third threshold condition, the smoke threshold in the fourth threshold condition is the same as the smoke threshold in the third threshold condition, the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold, and the temperature rise threshold in the fourth threshold condition is the same as the temperature rise threshold in the third threshold condition, that is to say, the temperature rise threshold remains unchanged in each level of the alarm mode.

[0089] The fourth threshold condition is used to determine whether to activate the four - level alarm mode. The fourth threshold condition corresponds to the fourth level of thermal runaway. The fourth level of thermal runaway is higher than the third level of thermal runaway. This stage is in the late stage of thermal runaway. In the battery device 100, the battery cell 20 starts to spray fire and the battery device 100 is completely out of control. The conditions for the fourth level require at least three conditions to be satisfied and the temperature must reach the danger threshold, reducing the probability of false alarms and improving the reliability of the thermal runaway management of the battery device 100.

[0090] In this embodiment, the first level has a lower risk. Only when the VOC or CO parameter meets the lower threshold can it be initially determined that there is a slight risk, which is convenient for timely discovery of potential abnormalities; the judgment conditions for the second level include parameters such as temperature and temperature rise, requiring at least two conditions to be satisfied, reducing misjudgment due to a single factor; the judgment conditions for the third level include VOC, CO, temperature, temperature rise, and smoke parameters, requiring at least two conditions to be satisfied, which can more comprehensively evaluate the risk; the third level considers multiple data indicators, can monitor and give early warnings in a timely manner, and improves the reliability of the battery device 100; the conditions for the fourth level require at least three conditions to be satisfied and the temperature must meet the standard, reducing the probability of false alarms and improving the reliability of the thermal runaway management of the battery device 100.

[0091] Further, in some embodiments, the voltage corresponding to the first VOC threshold is 3.5V - 4.0V; the first CO threshold includes a first CO concentration threshold and a CO slope threshold. The first CO concentration threshold is the maximum value of the human-safe CO concentration, and the CO slope threshold is 10 ppm / min - 20 ppm / min; the voltage corresponding to the second VOC threshold is 4.0V - 4.3V; the second CO threshold includes a second CO concentration threshold and a CO slope threshold. The second CO concentration threshold is 150 ppm - 200 ppm; the first temperature threshold is 55°C - 65°C, and the temperature rise threshold is 3°C / min; the voltage corresponding to the third VOC threshold is 4.3V - 4.7V; the third CO threshold includes a third CO concentration threshold and a CO slope threshold. The third CO concentration threshold is 500 ppm - 800 ppm; the second temperature threshold is 65°C - 75°C; the smoke threshold includes a smoke concentration threshold and a smoke slope threshold. The smoke concentration threshold is 4000 ppm - 6000 ppm, and the smoke slope threshold is 1500 ppm / m 3 / s - 2500 ppm / m 3 / s; the third temperature threshold is 75°C - 85°C.

[0092] Among them, since the battery cell 20 generates some CO during operation, there will be a certain CO concentration in the battery device 100 (pack) after long-term operation. Therefore, a single CO concentration value cannot reflect the internal situation of the battery cell 20, and it is necessary to combine the CO slope for monitoring. Therefore, the CO parameter is a coupled value of the CO concentration and the CO slope. The CO parameter meeting the CO threshold means that both the CO concentration threshold and the CO slope threshold are met. The first CO concentration threshold is the maximum value of the human-safe CO concentration, for example, it can be 40 ppm - 50 ppm.

[0093] Further, as time goes by, there may be some dust inside the battery device 100. Therefore, a single smoke concentration value cannot reflect the internal situation of the battery device 100. Therefore, the smoke parameter is a coupled value of the smoke concentration and the smoke slope. The smoke parameter meeting the smoke threshold means that both the smoke concentration threshold and the smoke slope threshold are met.

[0094] The voltage corresponding to the first VOC threshold is 3.5V - 4.0V, for example, it can be 3.5V, 3.6V, 3.7V, 3.8V, 3.9V, or 4.0V, etc. The CO slope threshold is 10 ppm / min - 20 ppm / min, for example, it can be 10 ppm / min, 12 ppm / min, 15 ppm / min, 18 ppm / min, or 20 ppm / min, etc. The voltage corresponding to the second VOC threshold is 4.0V - 4.3V, for example, it can be 4.0V, 4.1V, 4.2V, or 4.3V, etc. The second CO concentration threshold is 150 ppm - 200 ppm, for example, it can be 150 ppm / min, 160 ppm / min, 170 ppm / min, 180 ppm / min, 190 ppm / min, or 200 ppm / min, etc. The voltage corresponding to the third VOC threshold is 4.3V - 4.7V, for example, it can be 4.3V, 4.4V, 4.5V, 4.6V, or 4.7V, etc. The third CO concentration threshold is 500 ppm - 800 ppm, for example, it can be 500 ppm / min, 550 ppm / min, 600 ppm / min, 650 ppm / min, 700 ppm / min, 750 ppm, or 800 ppm / min, etc. The second temperature threshold is 65°C - 75°C, for example, it can be 65°C, 67°C, 68°C, 70°C, 72°C, 73°C, or 75°C, etc. The smoke concentration threshold is 4000 ppm - 6000 ppm, for example, it can be 4000 ppm / min, 4200 ppm / min, 4400 ppm / min, 4500 ppm / min, 4600 ppm / min, 4800 ppm / min, 5000 ppm / min, 4200 ppm / min, 5400 ppm / min, 5500 ppm / min, 5600 ppm / min, 5800 ppm / min, or 6000 ppm / min, etc. The smoke slope threshold is 1500 ppm / m 3 / s - 2500 ppm / m 3 / s, for example, it can be 1500 ppm / m 3 / s, 1600 ppm / m 3 / s, 1700 ppm / m 3 / s, 1800 ppm / m 3 / s, 1900 ppm / m 3 / s, 2000 ppm / m 3 / s, 2100 ppm / m 3 / s, 2200 ppm / m 3 / s, 2300 ppm / m 3 / s, 2400 ppm / m 3 / s or 2500 ppm / m3 / s, etc. The third temperature threshold is 75°C - 85°C, and can be, for example, 75°C, 77°C, 78°C, 80°C, 82°C, 83°C, or 85°C, etc.

[0095] In this way, both the CO threshold and the smoke threshold take into account the absolute value and the change value, which can reduce false alarms or missed alarms caused by a single indicator and improve the reliability of the alarm.

[0096] Optionally, in some embodiments, please also refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 For the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in some other embodiments of the present application, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 further includes: Step S106: In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the first temperature threshold, start the first-level alarm mode; Step S107: In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the second temperature threshold, start the second-level alarm mode; Step S108: In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold, start the third-level alarm mode; Step S109: In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the fourth temperature threshold, start the fourth-level alarm mode; wherein, the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold.

[0097] In step S106, starting the first-level alarm mode is the same as step S102, including recording parameters, such as temperature parameters, VOC parameters, and CO parameters, but no alarm prompt is given. The condition for starting the first-level alarm mode in step S106 and the condition for starting the first-level alarm mode in step S102 are parallel, and as long as one is satisfied, the first-level alarm mode is started. Similarly, the condition for starting the second-level alarm mode in step S107 and the condition for starting the second-level alarm mode in step S103 are parallel, the condition for starting the third-level alarm mode in step S108 and the condition for starting the third-level alarm mode in step S104 are parallel, and the condition for starting the fourth-level alarm mode in step S109 and the condition for starting the fourth-level alarm mode in step S105 are parallel.

[0098] In step S109, the fourth temperature threshold is 85°C - 95°C, and can be, for example, 85°C, 87°C, 88°C, 90°C, 92°C, 93°C, or 95°C, etc.

[0099] In this way, in this embodiment, for all levels of alarms, a temperature gradient alarm logic of a higher alarm level is set as the guaranteed alarm logic for each level of alarm, preventing that in the worst case, all sensors fail and the temperature threshold can still be used as a reference for alarm.

[0100] The above embodiments can be applied to the alarm strategy used by the battery device 100 (including all sensors) within the product design life. However, for some electrical equipment, such as tractors, commercial vehicles, or other construction machinery, they have a relatively long product service life, that is, after exceeding the preset years, the electrical equipment is still in use. After exceeding the preset years, the signals of some sensors may drift, and their output signals are not reliable. Based on this problem, in some embodiments, in response to the service life of the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 exceeding the preset years, the concentration alarm logic for VOC parameters and CO parameters is cancelled, and the sudden increase alarm logic for CO parameters is added; the adjustment of each level of alarm mode is as follows: Cancel the first-level alarm mode; The second threshold condition of the second-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying the first temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, and the sudden increase value of the CO parameter satisfying the first sudden increase threshold are established; The third threshold condition of the third-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, the smoke parameter satisfying the smoke threshold, and the sudden increase value of the CO parameter satisfying the second sudden increase threshold are established; the second sudden increase threshold is higher than the first sudden increase threshold; The fourth threshold condition of the fourth-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, the smoke parameter satisfying the smoke threshold, and the sudden increase value of the CO parameter satisfying the third sudden increase threshold are established; the third sudden increase threshold is higher than the second sudden increase threshold.

[0101] The preset years refer to the warranty period of the electrical equipment, which can be 20 years, 15 years, 10 years, or 5 years, etc. When the service life of the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 exceeds the preset years, it means that the VOC sensor and the CO sensor fail or are inaccurate. Therefore, the concentration alarm logic for VOC parameters and CO parameters is cancelled, that is, the first-level alarm mode is cancelled, and the conditions of other levels of alarm modes are adjusted.

[0102] The sudden increase value of the CO parameter refers to the significant change or increase in the CO parameter that suddenly appears within a short period of time. In some embodiments, the CO parameter is the CO concentration parameter. It can be understood that although the absolute value parameter of the CO concentration has no reference value, however, if the CO concentration suddenly increases at a certain time, it may indicate danger. Therefore, the sudden increase alarm logic for the CO parameter is added. Exemplarily, after the CO sensor exceeds the warranty period, the original output value may drift downward. Adding the sudden increase alarm logic for the CO parameter can effectively judge thermal runaway. For example, if the CO concentration increases by more than 100 ppm - 2000 ppm within 30 s - 2 min, it is considered that the battery cell 20 has a thermal runaway, and corresponding-level alarms are given.

[0103] In this embodiment, when the service life of the electrical equipment of the battery device 100 exceeds the preset service life, by canceling the concentration alarm logic of the VOC parameter and the CO parameter, the probability of false alarms can be reduced, and energy can also be saved; by adding the sudden increase value alarm logic of the CO parameter, when the service life of the electrical equipment exceeds the preset service life, potential dangerous situations can be captured more timely, improving the reliability of the system.

[0104] In some embodiments, the first sudden increase threshold is that the CO concentration reaches 500 ppm - 800 ppm within 1 minute, and the duration is 3 seconds - 4 seconds; the second sudden increase threshold is that the CO concentration reaches 700 ppm - 1000 ppm within 1 minute, and the duration is 4 seconds - 5 seconds; the third sudden increase threshold is that the CO concentration reaches more than 1000 ppm within 1 minute, and the duration is more than 5 seconds.

[0105] Among them, the first sudden increase threshold is that the CO concentration reaches 500 ppm - 800 ppm within 1 minute, for example, it can be 500 ppm, 550 ppm, 600 ppm, 650 ppm, 700 ppm, 750 ppm or 800 ppm, etc. The second sudden increase threshold is that the CO concentration reaches 700 ppm - 1000 ppm within 1 minute, for example, it can be 700 ppm, 750 ppm, 800 ppm, 850 ppm, 900 ppm, 950 ppm or 1000 ppm, etc.; the third sudden increase threshold is that the CO concentration reaches more than 1000 ppm within 1 minute. It can be understood that when the second sudden increase threshold is met, the first sudden increase threshold is also met; when the third sudden increase threshold is met, the second sudden increase threshold and the first sudden increase threshold are also met, and the alarm logic executes the alarm of the higher level that meets the conditions.

[0106] In this way, according to the severity of the sudden increase of CO, the system starts different levels of alarm modes, gradually escalating from level two to level four; the sudden increase threshold of CO increases step by step, and the duration increases, enabling the system to make appropriate responses according to the risk level, improving the reliability of the system and reducing the probability of false alarms.

[0107] In some embodiments, the level two alarm mode further includes transmitting the parameters recorded in the level one alarm mode outward.

[0108] In this way, the level two alarm mode transmits the parameters recorded in the level one alarm mode outward, which can let the researchers know what happened before thermal runaway, for the researchers to analyze the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (level one alarm) and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method.

[0109] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 which is the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in some other embodiments of this application. The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 includes: Step S201: Collect parameters of the battery device 100 through sensors; Step S202: In response to the parameters satisfying the first threshold condition and not satisfying the second threshold condition, record the parameters without giving an alarm prompt; the requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition.

[0110] Among them, the second threshold condition is the condition under which the battery device 100 is determined to have a thermal runaway, and the first threshold condition is the condition under which the battery device 100 may have a thermal runaway.

[0111] In this way, in response to the parameters satisfying the first threshold condition and not satisfying the second threshold condition, the probability of thermal runaway is very small, and even the risk of thermal runaway is very small. Therefore, at this stage, record the parameters without giving an alarm prompt, which can reduce the probability of false alarms and save energy; in addition, the parameters recorded at this stage can be used for external transmission in the secondary alarm mode (satisfying the second threshold condition), so that researchers can know what happened before the thermal runaway, for researchers to analyze the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (primary alarm, satisfying the first threshold condition and not satisfying the second threshold condition), and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method.

[0112] In some embodiments, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 further includes step S203: In response to the parameters satisfying the second threshold condition, give an alarm prompt, report to the BMU and transmit the recorded parameters externally.

[0113] In this way, in response to the parameters satisfying the second threshold condition, the battery device 100 is in a thermal runaway state, and an alarm prompt is given so that the user can take corresponding measures to deal with it, improving the reliability of the battery device 100. At the same time, transmitting the parameters recorded in step S202 externally can let researchers know what happened before the thermal runaway, for researchers to analyze the parameters in the early stage of thermal runaway (primary alarm) and optimize the subsequent thermal runaway management method.

[0114] Furthermore, some other embodiments of the present application provide a thermal runaway management method for a battery device 100. The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 includes: a multi-level alarm mode, and the trigger conditions of each level of alarm mode include two independent trigger conditions; among them, one trigger condition is a composite threshold formed by at least two thresholds among multiple thresholds or a single parameter threshold of a non-temperature threshold, and the other trigger condition is a single temperature threshold; the temperature threshold among the multiple thresholds is lower than the single temperature threshold.

[0115] Among them, the triggering conditions of the alarm mode at each level include two independent triggering conditions, which means that meeting any one of the triggering conditions will activate the corresponding level of alarm mode. One triggering condition is a composite threshold formed by at least two thresholds among multiple thresholds or a single-parameter threshold other than the temperature threshold. For example, the single-parameter threshold can be a VOC parameter threshold or a CO parameter threshold. The other triggering condition is a single temperature threshold as a backup alarm logic. Therefore, the single temperature threshold is set to be higher than the temperature threshold among the multiple thresholds. Its purpose is that when the temperature abnormally rises, even if other conditions are not yet met, as long as the temperature reaches the single temperature threshold, the alarm can be triggered, reducing the occurrence of potential dangers caused by excessive temperature.

[0116] In this embodiment, the triggering conditions of the alarm mode at each level include independent triggering conditions, and one of the triggering conditions is a single temperature threshold as a backup alarm logic. In some cases, other parameters may not reliably reflect the actual situation due to various reasons (such as sensor failures, data transmission errors, etc.). However, temperature is a relatively intuitive and important indicator. Therefore, using a single temperature threshold as a backup alarm logic can still enable the system to issue an alarm in the worst-case scenario, reducing the risk of risks being overlooked due to the failure of other conditions and increasing the reliability of the system.

[0117] In some embodiments, the single temperature threshold of the alarm mode at one level is the temperature threshold among the multiple thresholds of the alarm mode at the next higher level of this level of the alarm mode.

[0118] For example, the single temperature threshold of the secondary alarm mode is the temperature threshold among the multiple thresholds of the tertiary alarm mode, and the single temperature threshold of the tertiary alarm mode is the temperature threshold among the multiple thresholds of the quaternary alarm mode.

[0119] In this way, the triggering condition of the single temperature threshold of the alarm mode at the same level is more difficult to reach compared to the other triggering condition, that is, the backup alarm condition is more difficult to trigger, thereby reducing the false alarm probability.

[0120] Specifically, in some embodiments, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 which is the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in still other embodiments of the present application. The thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 includes: Step S301: Collect parameters of the battery device 100 through sensors. The parameters include at least one of VOC parameter, CO parameter, temperature parameter, and smoke parameter; Step S302: In response to at least one of the conditions that the VOC parameter meets the first VOC threshold and the CO parameter meets the first CO threshold being satisfied, or in response to the temperature parameter meeting the first temperature threshold, start the first-level alarm mode; wherein, the first-level alarm mode includes recording parameters but does not give an alarm prompt; Among them, at least one of the conditions that the VOC parameter meets the first VOC threshold and the CO parameter meets the first CO threshold being satisfied is one independent trigger condition; the temperature parameter meeting the first temperature threshold is another independent trigger condition.

[0121] Step S303: In response to at least two of the conditions that the VOC parameter meets the second VOC threshold, the CO parameter meets the second CO threshold, the temperature parameter meets the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold being satisfied, or in response to the temperature parameter meeting the second temperature threshold, start the second-level alarm mode; wherein, the second VOC threshold is higher than the first VOC threshold, the second CO threshold is higher than the first CO threshold, the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold, and the second-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and reporting to the BMU; Among them, at least two of the conditions that the VOC parameter meets the second VOC threshold, the CO parameter meets the second CO threshold, the temperature parameter meets the first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold being satisfied is one independent trigger condition; the temperature parameter meeting the second temperature threshold is another independent trigger condition.

[0122] Step S304: In response to at least two of the conditions that the VOC parameter meets the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter meets the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter meets the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter meets the smoke threshold being satisfied, or in response to the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold, start the third-level alarm mode; wherein, the third VOC threshold is higher than the second VOC threshold, the third CO threshold is higher than the second CO threshold, the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold, and the third-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating the manual fire extinguishing mode; Among them, at least two of the conditions that the VOC parameter meets the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter meets the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter meets the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter meets the smoke threshold being satisfied is one independent trigger condition; the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold is another independent trigger condition.

[0123] Step S305: In response to at least three of the VOC parameter meeting the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter meeting the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meeting the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter meeting the smoke threshold being satisfied, and at least three of the conditions being satisfied including the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold, or in response to the temperature parameter meeting the fourth temperature threshold, activate the four - level alarm mode; wherein, the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold, and the four - level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and turning on the automatic fire extinguishing mode.

[0124] Among them, at least three of the conditions that the VOC parameter meets the third VOC threshold, the CO parameter meets the third CO threshold, the temperature parameter meets the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meets the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameter meets the smoke threshold are satisfied, and at least three of the conditions being satisfied including the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold is an independent trigger condition; the temperature parameter meeting the fourth temperature threshold is another independent trigger condition.

[0125] In this embodiment, the system is set with multiple alarm levels, and each level has its specific trigger conditions to cope with different degrees of risks or abnormal situations, facilitating the adoption of corresponding countermeasures.

[0126] Please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7 For the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in some other embodiments of the present application, the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 includes: Step S401: In response to the service life of the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 not exceeding the preset service life, judge the thermal runaway level of the battery device 100 through the first parameter; wherein, the first parameter includes at least one of the VOC concentration parameter, the CO concentration parameter, the temperature parameter, and the smoke parameter; Step S402: In response to the service life of the electrical equipment using the battery device 100 exceeding the preset service life, judge the thermal runaway level of the battery device 100 through the second parameter; wherein, the second parameter includes at least one of the sudden increase value of the CO parameter, the temperature parameter, and the smoke parameter.

[0127] When the service life of the electrical equipment is short, the sensor performance of the battery device 100 is good, and it can detect the VOC concentration parameter and the CO concentration parameter more accurately. Therefore, the first parameter is used to judge the thermal runaway level. As the service life of the equipment increases, the sensors may age and their functions may decay, and the decay situations of different sensors are different. In particular, the VOC sensor and the CO sensor are very likely to have failed, resulting in a possible decrease in the accuracy of the detected VOC concentration and CO concentration. At this time, more direct and reliable methods such as the sudden increase value of the CO parameter (which can better reflect sudden abnormalities), the temperature parameter, and the smoke parameter are used to judge the thermal runaway level.

[0128] Specifically, after the sensor is powered on, the sensor obtains the current alarm policy through time calibration or other means. In response to the service life of the electrical device using the battery device 100 exceeding the preset service life, the long-life alarm policy is triggered, and the method for determining the thermal runaway level of the battery device 100 in step S402 is executed.

[0129] If the CO parameter output by the sensor stabilizes within the first preset time, the CO parameter is set as the initial value. The initial value can be set to any value, such as 0, and the initial value is used as the standard value. Herein, the first preset time can be 5 s - 1 min, such as 5 s, 10 s, 15 s, 20 s, 25 s, 30 s, 35 s, 40 s, 45 s, 50 s, 55 s, or 60 s, etc. If the fluctuation of the CO parameter does not exceed 5% within the first preset time, it is considered that the CO parameter output by the sensor is stable. In some embodiments, the CO parameter is the CO concentration parameter.

[0130] Based on the initial value, if the CO parameter suddenly increases above the sudden increase threshold within the second preset time, at this time, the internal CO alarm condition of the sensor is set to 1. At this time, the sensor meets the requirements of its internal alarm policy, and the sensor can report relevant faults. Herein, the second preset time can be 30 s - 2 min, such as 30 s, 45 s, 60 s, 75 s, 90 s, 105 s, 120 s, etc. The sudden increase threshold can be 200 ppm, 500 ppm, 800 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm, etc. For example, if the CO concentration increases by more than 500 ppm within 1 min, it is considered that the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway, or if the CO concentration increases by more than 700 ppm within 1 min, it is considered that the battery cell undergoes thermal runaway.

[0131] Through research, it is found that after the service life of the electrical device using the battery device 100 exceeds the preset service life, the aging attenuation life conditions of different sensors are different, and the attenuation values are also different. It is no longer possible to directly use the parameters collected by the sensor for alarm. If the threshold is set too high, there may be a problem that the alarm cannot be reported, and if it is too low, there may be a problem of false alarm. However, the attenuation of the sensor is linear and slow. After the service life of the electrical device using the battery device 100 exceeds the preset service life, each time the sensor is powered on, its output value is reset to the initial value, and more attention is paid to the sudden increase value of the CO parameter, rather than the absolute value of the actual CO parameter in the battery box 10. In this way, the CO parameter can still be used as a monitoring condition.

[0132] If the CO parameter meets the alarm logic and other fire extinguishing conditions are met, and if the fire extinguishing conditions are met, the sensor reports to the fire extinguishing host, starts the corresponding fire extinguishing program, and performs alarm, audible and visual reminders, and executes the actions of the fire extinguishing system at different levels. If there is no thermal runaway and the sensor does not report a fault, after the user finishes using the vehicle, the vehicle is powered off, the fire extinguishing host is powered off, the fire extinguishing host sends a sleep signal to the sensor, the sensor goes to sleep, and after the sensor is powered off, it waits to be powered on again for re-detection and alarm.

[0133] In this embodiment, different parameters are used to judge the thermal runaway level of the battery device 100 according to the service life of the electrical equipment, so that the system can dynamically adapt to different aging stages of the equipment, improve the applicability of the monitoring system during the entire service life of the battery device 100, and enhance the system performance and reliability.

[0134] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 8 , the steps of judging the thermal runaway level of the battery device 100 through the second parameter specifically include: Step S4021: In response to at least two of the temperature parameter meeting the first temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meeting the temperature rise threshold, and the sudden increase value of the CO parameter meeting the first sudden increase threshold being established, perform an alarm prompt and report to the BMU; Step S4022: In response to at least two of the temperature parameter meeting the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meeting the temperature rise threshold, the sudden increase value of the CO parameter meeting the second sudden increase threshold, and the smoke parameter meeting the smoke threshold being established, perform an alarm prompt and turn on the manual fire extinguishing mode; the second sudden increase threshold is higher than the first sudden increase threshold; Step S4023: In response to at least two of the temperature parameter meeting the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter meeting the temperature rise threshold, the sudden increase value of the CO parameter meeting the third sudden increase threshold, and the smoke parameter meeting the smoke threshold being established, perform an alarm prompt and turn on the automatic fire extinguishing mode; the third sudden increase threshold is higher than the second sudden increase threshold.

[0135] In this way, the system is set with multiple alarm levels, and each level has its specific triggering conditions to cope with different degrees of risks or abnormal situations, facilitating the adoption of corresponding countermeasures; through the stepped judgment of different thresholds, the thermal runaway level can be judged step by step, and the problems that occur in the battery device 100 can be determined more accurately and finely, which is conducive to making the subsequent countermeasures more reasonable and reliable.

[0136] In some embodiments, the sudden increase value of the CO parameter meeting the first sudden increase threshold includes: the time when the sudden increase value of the CO parameter meets the first sudden increase threshold meets the first time threshold; The sudden increase value of the CO parameter satisfying the second sudden increase threshold includes: the time when the sudden increase value of the CO parameter satisfies the second sudden increase threshold satisfies the second time threshold; the second time threshold is greater than the first time threshold; The sudden increase value of the CO parameter satisfying the third sudden increase threshold includes: the time when the sudden increase value of the CO parameter satisfies the third sudden increase threshold satisfies the third time threshold; the third time threshold is greater than the second time threshold.

[0137] The first time threshold refers to the duration of time after the sudden increase of the CO parameter exceeds the corresponding sudden increase threshold.

[0138] In this way, by combining the sudden increase threshold and the time threshold, the system can more accurately determine whether the CO sudden increase is a real anomaly and reduce false alarms due to short-term fluctuations.

[0139] In some embodiments, the first time threshold is 3 seconds - 4 seconds; the second time threshold is 4 seconds - 5 seconds; the third time threshold is greater than or equal to 5 seconds.

[0140] In this embodiment, according to the duration of the sudden increase value of CO, the system activates different levels of alarm modes, gradually escalating from level two to level four; the time thresholds increase step by step, enabling the system to make appropriate responses according to the risk level and improving the reliability of the system.

[0141] Please refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 , which is a partial circuit diagram of the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0142] The thermal runaway management system 1000 provided by the embodiments of the present application for a battery device 100 can be applied to electrical equipment. The electrical equipment can be a vehicle.

[0143] Specifically, the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 includes a sensor 300 and a fire extinguishing host 400; the sensor 300 is used to collect parameters of the battery device 100; the fire extinguishing host 400 is communicatively connected to the sensor 300 and is used to execute the thermal runaway management method of the battery device 100 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0144] Among them, the sensor 300 can be one or more, including a VOC sensor, a CO sensor, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, etc. In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 100 includes a plurality (for example, n) of battery boxes 10, and a plurality of battery cells 20 are arranged in each battery box 10. Each battery box 10 is provided with a corresponding sensor 300. The sensor 300 collects the parameters outside the battery cells 20 within the corresponding battery box 10; it is usually executed when the electrical device using the battery device 100 is powered on, without worrying about power consumption problems. For example, the sensor 300 corresponding to the No. 1 battery box 10 collects the parameters within the No. 1 battery box 10 and outside the battery cells 20 located within the No. 1 battery box 10; the sensor 300 corresponding to the No. 2 battery box 10 collects the parameters within the No. 2 battery box 10 and outside the battery cells 20 located within the No. 2 battery box 10; and so on, the sensor 300 corresponding to the No. n battery box 10 collects the parameters within the No. n battery box 10 and outside the battery cells 20 located within the No. n battery box 10.

[0145] The fire extinguishing host 400 is the core control unit of the fire extinguishing system, which manages and controls the fire extinguishing process. The fire extinguishing host 400 is communicatively connected to the sensor 300, obtains the parameters collected by the sensor 300, processes and analyzes the parameters to determine whether thermal runaway occurs and the level of thermal runaway, and then issues an instruction.

[0146] Further, in some embodiments, the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 may further include a fire extinguishing device 500, a battery monitoring unit 600, and / or a BMU 700, etc. When the electrical device can be a vehicle, the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 may further include an instrument 800 and a switch 900.

[0147] The fire extinguishing device 500 refers to a device that automatically or manually detects a fire and implements fire extinguishing. In some embodiments, the fire extinguishing device 500 includes a fire extinguisher, for example, a foam fire extinguisher, a dry powder fire extinguisher, a fine water mist fire extinguisher, etc. The fire extinguishing host 400 issues a signal to the fire extinguishing device 500 through a communication connection to implement a fire extinguishing operation. In some embodiments, each battery box 10 is provided with a corresponding fire extinguishing device 500.

[0148] The battery monitoring unit 600 is a monitor installed on the battery cell 20, which is responsible for collecting the information of this string of batteries and transmitting it to the BMU 700 for processing. The BMU 700 is a control module for managing and monitoring the performance and status of the battery device 100, and is responsible for real-time monitoring, management, and protection of the operating status of the battery device 100. The BMU 700 combines the internal parameters (such as current, voltage, temperature, etc.) of the battery cell 20 to further determine the level of thermal runaway. Among them, the BMU 700 and the battery monitoring unit 600 can be integrated into one structure, or the battery monitoring unit 600 can also be a structure independent of the BMU 700.

[0149] Please also refer to Figure 10 , some embodiments of the present application provide an electrical device 2000, which includes a battery device 100 and a thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100; the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 is the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 provided in the above embodiments.

[0150] The electrical device 2000 can be a vehicle, a mobile phone, a portable device, a laptop computer, a ship, a spacecraft, an electric toy, and an electric tool, etc. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. The spacecraft includes an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spaceship, etc. The electric toy includes a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric vehicle toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, etc.; the electric tool includes a metal cutting electric tool, a grinding electric tool, an assembly electric tool, and a railway electric tool, for example, an electric drill, an electric grinder, an electric wrench, an electric screwdriver, a hammer drill, an impact drill, a concrete vibrator, and a planer, etc. For the convenience of description in the following embodiments, the electrical device 2000 is taken as an example of a vehicle for illustration.

[0151] The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended-range vehicle, etc. The battery device 100 is arranged inside the vehicle, and the battery device 100 can be arranged at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle. The battery device 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle. For example, the battery device 100 can be used as the operating power source of the vehicle.

[0152] The thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 is electrically connected to the battery device 100 and the electrical appliance 200. The battery device 100 can be a device capable of providing electrical energy to the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100. In some embodiments of the present application, the battery device 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for a vehicle, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle. In addition, the electrical device 2000 can be a vehicle. The electrical device 2000 can also include other parts. For example, the other part can be a vehicle frame, and both the battery device 100 and the thermal runaway management system 1000 of the battery device 100 are installed on the vehicle body.

[0153] In some embodiments, the electrical device 2000 further includes an intelligent meter, a manual fire extinguishing button, and a battery management system (Battery Management System, abbreviated as "BMS"). The BMS can include a battery control unit (Battery Management Unit, abbreviated as "BMU").

[0154] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there can be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0155] In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0156] The above is only the implementation manner of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for thermal runaway management of a battery device, characterized in that, Including: Collecting parameters of the battery device through sensors; In response to the parameters satisfying the first threshold condition, starting a first-level alarm mode; wherein, the first-level alarm mode includes recording the parameters but not giving an alarm prompt; In response to the parameters satisfying the second threshold condition, starting a second-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition, and the second-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and reporting to the battery control unit; In response to the parameters satisfying the third threshold condition, starting a third-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the third threshold condition are higher than those of the second threshold condition, and the third-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating a manual fire extinguishing mode; In response to the parameters satisfying the fourth threshold condition, starting a fourth-level alarm mode; wherein, the requirements of the fourth threshold condition are higher than those of the third threshold condition, and the fourth-level alarm mode includes giving an alarm prompt and activating an automatic fire extinguishing mode.

2. The method for managing thermal runaway of a battery device according to claim 1, wherein The parameters include at least one of volatile organic compound parameters, carbon monoxide parameters, temperature parameters, and smoke parameters; The first threshold condition includes: at least one of the volatile organic compound parameters satisfying a first volatile organic compound threshold and the carbon monoxide parameters satisfying a first carbon monoxide threshold holds; and / or The second threshold condition includes: at least two of the volatile organic compound parameters satisfying a second volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameters satisfying a second carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameters satisfying a first temperature threshold, and the temperature parameters satisfying a temperature rise threshold hold; wherein, the second volatile organic compound threshold is higher than the first volatile organic compound threshold, and the second carbon monoxide threshold is higher than the first carbon monoxide threshold; and / or The third threshold condition includes: at least two of the volatile organic compound parameters satisfying a third volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameters satisfying a third carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameters satisfying a second temperature threshold, the temperature parameters satisfying the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameters satisfying a smoke threshold hold; wherein, the third volatile organic compound threshold is higher than the second volatile organic compound threshold, the third carbon monoxide threshold is higher than the second carbon monoxide threshold, and the second temperature threshold is higher than the first temperature threshold; and / or The fourth threshold condition includes: at least three of the volatile organic compound parameters satisfying the third volatile organic compound threshold, the carbon monoxide parameters satisfying the third carbon monoxide threshold, the temperature parameters satisfying a third temperature threshold, the temperature parameters satisfying the temperature rise threshold, and the smoke parameters satisfying the smoke threshold hold, and the at least three conditions holding include the temperature parameters satisfying the third temperature threshold; wherein, the third temperature threshold is higher than the second temperature threshold.

3. The method for managing thermal runaway of a battery device according to claim 2, wherein The voltage corresponding to the first volatile organic compound threshold is 3.5V - 4.0V; the first carbon monoxide threshold includes a first carbon monoxide concentration threshold and a carbon monoxide slope threshold. The first carbon monoxide concentration threshold is the maximum value of the human-safe carbon monoxide concentration, and the carbon monoxide slope threshold is 10 ppm / min - 20 ppm / min; The voltage corresponding to the second volatile organic compound threshold is 4.0V - 4.3V; the second carbon monoxide threshold includes a second carbon monoxide concentration threshold and a carbon monoxide slope threshold. The second carbon monoxide concentration threshold is 150 ppm - 200 ppm; the first temperature threshold is 55°C - 65°C, and the temperature rise threshold is 3°C / min; The voltage corresponding to the third volatile organic compound threshold is 4.3V - 4.7V; the third carbon monoxide threshold includes a third carbon monoxide concentration threshold and a carbon monoxide slope threshold, and the third carbon monoxide concentration threshold is 500 ppm - 800 ppm; the second temperature threshold is 65°C - 75°C; the smoke threshold includes a smoke concentration threshold and a smoke slope threshold, the smoke concentration threshold is 4000 ppm - 6000 ppm, and the smoke slope threshold is 1500 ppm / m 3 / s - 2500 ppm / m 3 / s; The third temperature threshold is 75°C - 85°C.

4. The thermal runaway management method of the battery device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein The thermal runaway management method of the battery device further includes: In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the first temperature threshold, starting the first-level alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the second temperature threshold, starting the second-level alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold, starting the third-level alarm mode; In response to the temperature parameter satisfying the fourth temperature threshold, starting the fourth-level alarm mode; wherein, the fourth temperature threshold is higher than the third temperature threshold.

5. The thermal runaway management method of the battery device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein In response to the service life of the electrical device using the battery device exceeding the preset service life, canceling the concentration alarm logic of the volatile organic compound parameter and the carbon monoxide parameter, and adding the sudden increase value alarm logic of the carbon monoxide parameter; the adjustment of each level of alarm mode is as follows: Canceling the first-level alarm mode; The second threshold condition of the second-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying the first temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, and the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying the first sudden increase threshold are established; The third threshold condition of the third-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying the second temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, the smoke parameter satisfying the smoke threshold, and the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying the second sudden increase threshold are established; The second sudden increase threshold is higher than the first sudden increase threshold; The fourth threshold condition of the fourth-level alarm mode is adjusted to: at least two of the temperature parameter satisfying the third temperature threshold, the temperature parameter satisfying the temperature rise threshold, the smoke parameter satisfying the smoke threshold, and the sudden increase value of the carbon monoxide parameter satisfying the third sudden increase threshold are established; The third sudden increase threshold is higher than the second sudden increase threshold.

6. The thermal runaway management method of the battery device according to claim 5, wherein The first sudden increase threshold is that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 500 ppm - 800 ppm within 1 minute and lasts for 3 seconds - 4 seconds; the second sudden increase threshold is that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches 700 ppm - 1000 ppm within 1 minute and lasts for 4 seconds - 5 seconds; the third sudden increase threshold is that the carbon monoxide concentration reaches above 1000 ppm within 1 minute and lasts for more than 5 seconds.

7. The method for managing thermal runaway of a battery device according to any one of claims 1 - 3, wherein The secondary alarm mode further includes transmitting the parameters recorded in the primary alarm mode outward.

8. A thermal runaway management method for a battery device, characterized in that, Comprising: Collecting the parameters of the battery device through a sensor, In response to the parameters satisfying the first threshold condition and not satisfying the second threshold condition, recording the parameters without giving an alarm prompt; The requirements of the second threshold condition are higher than those of the first threshold condition.

9. The method for managing thermal runaway of a battery device according to claim 8, wherein In response to the parameters satisfying the second threshold condition, giving an alarm prompt, reporting to the battery control unit and transmitting the recorded parameters outward.

10. A thermal runaway management system for a battery device, characterized in that, Comprising: A sensor for collecting the parameters of the battery device; A fire extinguishing host, communicatively connected to the sensor, for executing the method for managing thermal runaway of a battery device according to any one of claims 1 - 9.

11. An electrical device, characterized in that, Comprising: A battery device; The thermal runaway management system of the battery device according to claim 10.

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