Antenna reflecting plate and antenna device

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna reflecting plate and an antenna device, and relates to the technical field of communication. The antenna reflecting plate comprises a metasurface reflecting plate which comprises a plurality of metasurface units distributed in an array mode, and each metasurface unit comprises a dielectric substrate and a first patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate; the orthographic projection of the center point of the metal floor on the metasurface reflecting plate coincides with the center point of the metasurface reflecting plate, and in the arrangement direction of the metasurface units, the ratio of the outer contour size of the metal floor to the outer contour size of the metasurface reflecting plate is smaller than or equal to 0.8. In the embodiment of the invention, the antenna reflecting plate combines the design of the metal floor and the metasurface reflecting plate, the regulation and control of the antenna performance are effectively realized on the basis of not influencing the profile height, and the antenna performance of the antenna device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of communication technologies, and more particularly, to an antenna reflector and an antenna device. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of 5G technology, the requirements for antenna performance are also increasing day by day. Traditional antenna devices are also facing more and more challenges in terms of gain, efficiency, beam width, size, etc.

[0003] Metamaterials refer to composite materials that are artificially designed and have electromagnetic properties that do not exist in nature. Metasurfaces refer to two-dimensional metamaterials composed of sub-wavelength-sized units. When a radio frequency signal (i.e., an electromagnetic wave) passes through a metasurface, the metasurface can regulate the radio frequency signal, and the regulation methods include phase, polarization, amplitude regulation, etc., to ensure the radiation effect of the radio frequency signal.

[0004] In related technologies, an antenna device includes a metal floor, a feeding structure, and a radiation structure. The feeding structure is erected on the metal floor, and the radiation structure is located on the side of the feeding structure away from the metal floor. In order to improve the antenna performance, a metasurface structure is usually provided on the side of the radiation structure away from the metal floor in related technologies. However, the setting of the metasurface structure will undoubtedly increase the profile height of the antenna device, which is not conducive to the wide application of the antenna device.

[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an antenna reflector and an antenna device, which can improve the antenna performance of the antenna device on the basis of ensuring the low-profile characteristics.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an antenna reflector is provided, including:

[0008] A metasurface reflector, including a plurality of metasurface units distributed in an array, and each of the metasurface units includes a dielectric substrate and a first patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0009] A metal floor, the center point of the metal floor coincides with the center point of the metasurface reflector in the positive projection on the metasurface reflector, and in the arrangement direction of the metasurface units, the ratio between the outer contour size of the metal floor and the outer contour size of the metasurface reflector is less than or equal to 0.8.

[0010] According to the antenna reflector of any one of the present disclosure, the plurality of metasurface units enclose a plurality of nested metasurface rings;

[0011] The first patch unit has an opening located in the central region and passing through the first patch unit. In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions and / or the dimensions of the openings of the first patch units included in multiple said metasurface rings vary in a gradient manner, and the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units included in each said metasurface ring are the same, and the dimensions of the openings on the first patch units are the same.

[0012] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, each said metasurface ring includes one or more turns of metasurface units.

[0013] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, the first patch unit is a rectangular patch, and the opening of the first patch unit is a polygonal hole or a circular hole.

[0014] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, the metasurface unit further includes a second patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate;

[0015] The first patch unit and the second patch unit are located on different surfaces of the dielectric substrate, and the center point of the first patch unit and the center point of the second patch unit coincide in the orthographic projection on the dielectric substrate.

[0016] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, the second patch unit has the same structure as the first patch unit or the same shape as the opening on the first patch unit.

[0017] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, multiple said metasurface units enclose multiple nested metasurface rings;

[0018] The second patch unit has the same shape as the opening on the first patch unit. In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units included in multiple said metasurface rings vary in a gradient manner.

[0019] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch unit are positively correlated with the change gradient of the opening dimensions on the first patch unit, and the outer contour dimensions of the second patch unit are smaller than the opening dimensions on the first patch unit.

[0020] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, multiple said metasurface units enclose an accommodation area, and the orthographic projection of the metal floor on the metasurface reflector at least coincides with the accommodation area.

[0021] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, the metal floor is arranged on the same layer as the first patch unit, and the shape of the metal floor matches the shape of the accommodation area.

[0022] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, both the metal floor and the accommodating area are rectangular or cross-shaped.

[0023] According to any one of the antenna reflectors of the present disclosure, the metal floor is supported on the metasurface reflector.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an antenna device, including:

[0025] The antenna reflector described in the above aspect;

[0026] A balun structure erected on the metal floor of the antenna reflector;

[0027] A radiation structure located on a side of the balun structure away from the antenna reflector and connected to the balun structure.

[0028] According to any one of the antenna devices of the present disclosure, the antenna device includes a plurality of antenna elements distributed in an array, and each antenna element includes one of the antenna reflectors, one of the balun structures, and one of the radiation structures;

[0029] There are a plurality of shared metasurface units between two adjacent antenna reflectors, and there is a shared metasurface ring around the plurality of antenna reflectors.

[0030] According to any one of the antenna devices of the present disclosure, in the same direction, the ratio between the size of the metal floor and the size of the radiation structure is less than or equal to 1.5.

[0031] The embodiments of the present disclosure at least include the following technical effects:

[0032] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the antenna reflector combines the designs of the metal floor and the metasurface reflector, and effectively realizes the regulation of the antenna performance without affecting the profile height, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna device.

[0033] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of the specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic top view structure diagram of an antenna device provided for the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0036] Figure 2 A top view structural schematic diagram of another antenna device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 3 A top view structural schematic diagram of an antenna reflector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 4 A top view structural schematic diagram of a metasurface unit provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 5 For Figure 4 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the metasurface unit shown along A-A`.

[0040] Figure 6 A top view structural schematic diagram of yet another antenna device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 7 A top view structural schematic diagram of another metasurface unit provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 8 A top view structural schematic diagram of another antenna reflector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 9 A top view structural schematic diagram of yet another antenna reflector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 10 A top view structural schematic diagram of yet another antenna reflector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 11 A top view structural schematic diagram of yet another antenna reflector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 12 A top view structural schematic diagram of yet another antenna device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 13 A bottom view structural schematic diagram of a metasurface unit provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 14 For Figure 13 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the metasurface unit shown along B-B`.

[0049] Figure 15 A bottom view structural schematic diagram of an antenna reflector provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 16Another top - view structural schematic diagram of the antenna reflector provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0051] Figure 17 A top - view structural schematic diagram of a metasurface reflector provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0052] Figure 18 Another top - view structural schematic diagram of a metasurface reflector provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0053] Figure 19 Another top - view structural schematic diagram of the antenna reflector provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0054] Figure 20 Another top - view structural schematic diagram of the antenna reflector provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0055] Figure 21 Another top - view structural schematic diagram of the antenna reflector provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0056] Figure 22 A reflection coefficient curve provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0057] Figure 23 A gain variation curve provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0058] Figure 24 Another top - view structural schematic diagram of the antenna device provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0059] Figure 25 A standing - wave ratio curve provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0060] Figure 26 Another gain variation curve provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0061] Figure 27 Another gain variation curve provided by the present disclosure implementation mode.

[0062] Reference numerals:

[0063] 10. Antenna device;

[0064] 1. Antenna reflector; 2. Balun structure; 3. Radiation structure; 4. Antenna oscillator;

[0065] 11. Metal floor; 12. Metasurface reflector; 13. Metasurface unit; 14. Metasurface ring; 15. Accommodation area;

[0066] 131. Dielectric substrate; 132. First patch unit; 133. Opening; 134. Second patch unit. Detailed implementation mode

[0067] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. Like reference numerals in the figures denote like or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted. In addition, the drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0068] Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another component, these terms are used in this specification only for convenience, for example, according to the directions of the examples described in the accompanying drawings. It can be understood that if the device of the icon is turned upside down, the component described as "upper" will become the component described as "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that a structure is integrally formed on another structure, or that a structure is "directly" disposed on another structure, or that a structure is "indirectly" disposed on another structure through another structure.

[0069] The terms "a", "an", "the", "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements / components / etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are used to mean an open inclusion and mean that there may be additional elements / components / etc. in addition to the listed elements / components / etc.; the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are used only as labels and are not a limitation on the quantity of their objects.

[0070] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a schematic structural diagram of an antenna device 10. As Figure 1 shown, the antenna device 10 includes an antenna reflector 1, a balun structure 2, and a radiation structure 3. The balun structure 2 is erected on the antenna reflector 1, and the radiation structure 3 is located on the side of the balun structure 2 away from the antenna reflector 1 and is connected to the balun structure 2.

[0071] Among them, the antenna device 10 can be a single antenna as Figure 1 shown, that is, the antenna device 10 includes an antenna reflector 1, a balun structure 2, and a radiation structure 3; it can also be an array antenna as Figure 2 shown, that is, it includes a plurality of antenna elements 4 distributed in an array, and each antenna element 4 includes an antenna reflector 1, a balun structure 2, and a radiation structure 3; in addition, the antenna device 10 can be a linearly polarized antenna, a dual-polarized antenna, a circularly polarized antenna, etc.

[0072] Taking a dual-polarized antenna as an example, the antenna device 10 can achieve dual polarization of ±45 degrees, or vertical and horizontal dual polarization, etc. Exemplarily, the balun structure 2 includes two feed baluns that are orthogonally distributed, and the radiation structure 3 includes four radiation units that are periodically distributed at 90 degrees. The two feed baluns are respectively connected to the radiation units on two diagonals.

[0073] Among them, the two feed baluns are erected on the antenna reflector 1 and are orthogonally distributed. Taking coaxial feeding as an example, the feed balun includes a substrate, and a feed layer and a ground layer that are respectively located on both side surfaces of the substrate. The feed layer is connected to the core of the coaxial cable, and the ground layer is connected to the metal shielding layer of the coaxial cable.

[0074] Among them, the symmetry centers of the four radiation units are located on the orthogonal line of the two feed baluns to achieve the dual-polarization effect of the antenna device 10 through two pairs of radiation units on the diagonal. Exemplarily, the radiation unit is a rectangular loop with chamfers, etc.

[0075] In some embodiments, the antenna device 10 further includes an antenna cover. The antenna cover is buckled on the antenna reflector 1, and the balun structure 2 and the radiation structure 3 are located in the cavity surrounded by the antenna cover and the antenna reflector 1. In this way, the protection of the balun structure 2 and the radiation structure 3 can be achieved through the antenna cover.

[0076] In the related art, the antenna reflector 1 of the antenna device 10 is a whole-layer metal floor 11. At this time, the antenna performance of the antenna device 10 cannot meet the user's needs.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, an antenna device 10 is provided. For the antenna reflector 1 included in the antenna device 10, the designs of the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12 are combined. On the basis of not affecting the profile height, the regulation of the antenna performance is effectively realized, and the antenna performance is improved.

[0078] Among them, the center point of the metal floor 11 and the center point of the metasurface reflector 12 are located on the orthogonal line of the balun structure 2 to ensure the uniformity of the radiation of the antenna device 10 in the circumferential direction of the orthogonal line.

[0079] Next, the structure of the antenna reflector 1 will be explained in detail.

[0080] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, the antenna reflector 1 includes a metasurface reflector 12 (i.e., a metasurface structure) and a metal floor 11: The metasurface reflector 12 includes a plurality of metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, and each metasurface unit 13 includes a dielectric substrate 131 and a first patch unit 132 located on the surface of the dielectric substrate 131; The central point of the metal floor 11 coincides with the central point of the metasurface reflector 12 in the orthographic projection on the metasurface reflector 12 (which can be the metasurface reflector 12 itself or the plane where the metasurface reflector 12 is located). In the arrangement direction of the metasurface units 13, the ratio of the outer contour size of the metal floor 11 to the outer contour size of the metasurface reflector 12 is less than or equal to 0.8.

[0081] In this way, through the combination of the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12, regulation is achieved while reflecting the radio frequency signal, so as to optimize the radiation performance of the radio frequency signal. Thus, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the regulation of the antenna performance is effectively achieved without affecting the profile height, and the antenna performance is improved.

[0082] Among them, the plurality of metasurface units 13 can be arranged in a rectangular array. At this time, the arrangement direction of the metasurface units 13 is the row direction or the column direction; The plurality of metasurface units 13 can also be arranged in a circular array. At this time, the arrangement direction of the metasurface units 13 is the radial direction. In the arrangement direction of the metasurface units 13, the ratio of the outer contour size of the metal floor 11 to the outer contour size of the metasurface reflector 12 can be 1 / 11, 1 / 9, 1 / 7, 1 / 3, 3 / 7, 5 / 7, etc. In addition, the dielectric substrate 131 included in the metasurface unit 13 can be a common PCB substrate such as a polytetrafluoroethylene glass fiber substrate, a phenolic paper laminate substrate, a phenolic glass cloth laminate substrate, or a hard material such as quartz or glass with low microwave loss. The dielectric substrates 131 of the plurality of metasurface units 13 can be of an integral structure to simplify the structure of the metasurface reflector 12. The first patch unit 132 included in the metasurface unit 13 can be made of a metal material with low resistance and low loss such as copper, gold, or silver, and can be fabricated by methods such as magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation plating, or electroplating.

[0083] Among them, the size of the dielectric substrate 131 and the size of the first patch unit 132 of each metasurface unit 13 can be designed according to the wavelength λ corresponding to the central operating frequency of the antenna device 10. For example, the outer contours of both the dielectric substrate 131 and the first patch unit 132 are rectangular. The side length of the dielectric substrate 131 is greater than or equal to 0.1λ and less than or equal to 0.4λ, and the side length of the first patch unit 132 is slightly smaller than the side length of the dielectric substrate 131 (for example, the ratio between the two is between 0.85 and 0.98); For example, the side length of the dielectric substrate 131 is 0.18λ, and the side length of the first patch unit 132 is 0.172λ.

[0084] In some embodiments, in combination with the radiation structure 3 described above, in the same direction (such as the row direction or column direction of the first patch unit 132), the ratio between the size of the metal floor 11 and the size of the radiation structure 3 is less than or equal to 1.5.

[0085] In this way, while ensuring that the metal floor 11 has a sufficient reflection area, it is ensured that the metasurface reflector 12 has a sufficient regulation area, thereby ensuring the reflection performance and regulation performance of the antenna reflector 1 for radio frequency signals.

[0086] Exemplarily, in the row direction and column direction of the first patch unit 132, the ratios between the size of the metal floor 11 and the size of the radiation structure 3 are 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, etc. For example, as Figure 6 shown, in the row direction and column direction of the first patch unit 132, the ratios between the size of the metal floor 11 and the size of the radiation structure 3 are both 1.5; or as Figure 1 or Figure 2 shown, in the row direction and column direction of the first patch unit 132, the ratios between the size of the metal bottom plate and the size of the radiation structure 3 are both 0.5.

[0087] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 or Figure 7 shown, the first patch unit 132 has an opening 133 located in the central area and passing through the first patch unit 132.

[0088] Among them, the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 can be a circular hole or a polygonal hole (such as a hexagonal hole, an octagonal hole, a decagonal hole, etc.). Exemplarily, as Figure 4 shown, the first patch unit 132 is a rectangular patch, and the opening 133 of the first patch unit 132 is a circular hole; or as Figure 7 shown, the first patch unit 132 is a rectangular patch, and the first patch unit 132 has an opening 133 that is a decagonal hole.

[0089] Among them, when the opening 133 is a polygonal hole, the more sides the opening 133 has, the longer the current path, and as the current path becomes longer, the resonant frequency point on the first patch unit 132 will also shift to a lower frequency. In this way, the size of the first patch unit 132 can be reduced by increasing the number of sides of the opening 133 design, so as to realize the miniaturization design of the metasurface reflector 12 while ensuring that the operating frequency band remains unchanged, and further realize the miniaturization design of the antenna reflector 1.

[0090] For the first patch units 132 included in multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, the overall dimensions of the first patch units 132 can be the same, which can ensure the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on radio frequency signals and simplify the design of the metasurface reflector 12. Of course, for the first patch units 132 included in multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, it is also possible that their structural dimensions change in a gradient along the direction from the center to the edge of the metasurface reflector 12 to improve the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on radio frequency signals.

[0091] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, multiple metasurface units 13 enclose multiple nested metasurface rings 14. In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions and / or the dimensions of the openings 133 of the first patch units 132 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 change in a gradient (shown by the filling density in the figure). In this way, the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on radio frequency signals can be achieved through the gradient change of the dimensions of the first patch units 132.

[0092] Among them, for the multiple metasurface units 13 included in each metasurface ring 14, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 included in the multiple metasurface units 13 are the same, and the dimensions of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 are the same. In addition, each metasurface ring 14 includes one or more circles of metasurface units 13, that is, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, each metasurface ring 14 includes one or more metasurface units 13. At this time, the number of circles of metasurface units 13 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can be the same, not all the same, or all different.

[0093] Exemplarily, multiple metasurface units 13 enclose three metasurface rings 14, namely the inner metasurface ring 14, the middle metasurface ring 14, and the outer metasurface ring 14; as Figure 8 shown, the inner metasurface ring 14, the middle metasurface ring 14, and the outer metasurface ring 14 all include one circle of metasurface units 13; or as Figure 9 shown, the inner metasurface ring 14 and the outer metasurface ring 14 both include one circle of metasurface units 13, and the middle metasurface ring 14 includes two circles of metasurface units 13; or as Figure 10 shown, the inner metasurface ring 14 includes one circle of metasurface units 13, and the middle metasurface ring 14 and the outer metasurface ring 14 both include two circles of metasurface units 13; or as Figure 11 shown, the inner metasurface ring 14 includes one circle of metasurface units 13, the middle metasurface ring 14 includes two circles of metasurface units 13, and the outer metasurface ring 14 includes three circles of metasurface units 13.

[0094] It should be noted that for the multiple metasurface rings 14 composed of multiple metasurface units 13, as described above, when the antenna device 10 includes multiple antenna elements 4, the antenna device 10 includes multiple antenna reflectors 1 arranged in an array. At this time, the metasurface reflectors 12 included in the multiple antenna reflectors 1 can be independently arranged, or can be combined. For example, as Figure 12 shown, there are multiple shared metasurface units 13 between two adjacent antenna reflectors 1, and there is a shared metasurface ring 14 (such as a circle of metasurface units 13) around the multiple antenna reflectors 1.

[0095] Among them, the sharing of some metasurface units 13 by two adjacent antenna reflectors 1 can reduce the distance between two adjacent antenna elements 4, so as to effectively ensure the coupling effect between two adjacent antenna elements 4; in addition, based on a shared metasurface ring 14 of the multiple antenna reflectors 1, the regulation effect of the multiple antenna reflectors 1 on the radio frequency signals of the array antenna can be effectively ensured.

[0096] In some embodiments, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the change gradients of the outer contour dimensions of the first patch unit 132 and the dimensions of the openings 133 are positively correlated.

[0097] Among them, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the dimensions of the openings 133 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can both be decreasing changes. At this time, the converging effect of radio frequency signals can be realized based on the metasurface reflector 12. Furthermore, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the high-gain effect of the antenna device 10 can be realized; of course, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the dimensions of the openings 133 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can also be increasing changes. At this time, the diffusion effect of radio frequency signals can be realized based on the metasurface reflector 12. Furthermore, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the wide-beam effect of the antenna device 10 can be realized.

[0098] In some embodiments, as Figure 13 and Figure 14 shown, the metasurface unit 13 further includes a second patch unit 134 located on the surface of the dielectric substrate 131; the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 are located on different surfaces of the dielectric substrate 131, and the center points of the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 coincide in the orthographic projection on the dielectric substrate 131.

[0099] Thus, through the setting of the second patch unit 134, two different resonant points can be formed based on the interaction between the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 when regulating the radio frequency signal based on the metasurface reflector 12, thereby effectively increasing the bandwidth of the radio frequency signal when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10.

[0100] Among them, the second patch unit 134 included in the metasurface unit 13 can be made of low-resistance and low-loss metal materials such as copper, gold, and silver, and can be fabricated by methods such as magnetron sputtering, thermal evaporation plating, and electroplating. The structure of the second patch unit 134 is the same as that of the first patch unit 132. For example, both the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 are rectangular patches with round holes; or as Figure 4 and Figure 13 shown, the shapes of the openings 133 on the second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 are the same. For example, the first patch unit 132 is a rectangular patch with a round hole, and the second patch unit 134 is a circular patch; of course, the second patch unit 134 can also have other structures.

[0101] When the structures of the second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 are the same, there is an overlapping area in the orthographic projection of the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 on the dielectric substrate 131, so that the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 form an equivalent capacitance, and then based on the capacitance effect, the resonant frequencies of the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 shift to the low frequency. Thus, through the design of the second patch unit 134, the sizes of the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 can be reduced to achieve the miniaturization design of the metasurface reflector 12 while ensuring the working frequency band remains unchanged, and further achieve the miniaturization design of the antenna reflector 1.

[0102] When the shapes of the openings 133 on the second patch unit 134 and the first patch unit 132 are the same, the second patch unit 134 can form a complementary structure to the first patch unit 132. At this time, the outer contour size of the second patch unit 134 can be the same as the size of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132. Of course, the outer contour size of the second patch unit 134 can also be different from the size of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132. For example, the outer contour size of the second patch unit 134 is smaller than the size of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132.

[0103] For the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, the overall dimensions of the second patch units 134 can be the same, so as to ensure the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal and simplify the design of the metasurface reflector 12 at the same time. Of course, for the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface units 13 distributed in an array, the structural dimensions thereof can also vary in a gradient manner in the direction from the center to the edge of the metasurface reflector 12 to improve the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal.

[0104] In some embodiments, taking the case where the shape of the opening 133 on the second patch unit 134 is the same as that on the first patch unit 132 as an example, as Figure 15 shown, the multiple metasurface units 13 enclose multiple nested metasurface rings 14; in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 vary in a gradient manner (shown by the filling density in the figure). In this way, the regulation effect of the metasurface reflector 12 on the radio frequency signal can be achieved through the gradient change of the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134.

[0105] Among them, for the multiple metasurface units 13 included in each metasurface ring 14, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface units 13 are the same. In addition, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can be decreased, and at this time, the converging effect of the radio frequency signal can be achieved based on the metasurface reflector 12, and then when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the high gain effect of the antenna device 10 can be achieved. Of course, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 can also be increased, and at this time, the diffusion effect of the radio frequency signal can be achieved based on the metasurface reflector 12, and then when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, the wide beam effect of the antenna device 10 can be achieved.

[0106] Combined with the first patch unit 132 described above, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, at least one of the outer contour dimensions of the first patch unit 132 included in the plurality of metasurface rings 14, the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132, and the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 changes in a gradient manner, and when multiple of the outer contour dimension of the first patch unit 132, the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132, and the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 change in a gradient manner, the change gradients are positively correlated. For example, in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, both the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 included in the plurality of metasurface rings 14 and the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 change in a gradient manner, and the change gradient of the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 is positively correlated with the change gradient of the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132.

[0107] Among them, when both the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 and the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 included in the plurality of metasurface rings 14 change in a gradient manner, the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 included in the metasurface unit 13 is smaller than the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 to ensure the complementary effect between the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134.

[0108] Next, various situations will be explained taking the gradient change as decreasing in sequence as an example.

[0109] For the first patch unit 132 and the second patch unit 134 included in the metasurface unit 13, the second patch unit 134 has the same shape as the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132. At this time, it can be the first situation: in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch unit 132, the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132, and the outer contour dimensions of the second patch unit 134 included in the plurality of metasurface rings 14 all decrease in sequence. In this way, by adjusting the outer contour dimension of the first patch unit 132, the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132, and the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134, it is convenient to increase the regulation ability of the radio frequency signal to achieve a more complex phase distribution, thereby realizing a more refined phase regulation.

[0110] The second situation: in the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, both the outer contour dimension of the first patch unit 132 and the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132 included in the plurality of metasurface rings 14 decrease in sequence, and the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 remains unchanged. In this way, with the outer contour dimension of the second patch unit 134 remaining unchanged, only by adjusting the outer contour dimension of the first patch unit 132 and the dimension of the opening 133 on the first patch unit 132, the successive decrease of the plurality of metasurface rings 14 is realized, so as to facilitate the realization of the antenna performance with broadband gradient change while simplifying the design.

[0111] The third case: In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 both decrease successively, and the size of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 remains unchanged. In this way, by adjusting the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the second patch units 134, the phase regulation ability of the radio frequency signal can be improved, so as to be suitable for scenarios with high-precision phase regulation.

[0112] The fourth case: In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the size of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 and the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 both decrease successively, and the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 remain unchanged.

[0113] The fifth case: In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 decrease successively, and the size of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 and the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 remain unchanged.

[0114] The sixth case: In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134 included in the multiple metasurface rings 14 all decrease successively, and the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the size of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 remain unchanged. In this way, the outer contour dimensions of the first patch units 132 and the size of the openings 133 on the first patch units 132 remain unchanged. By only adjusting the outer contour dimensions of the second patch units 134, while simplifying the design, the phase gradient change of the radio frequency signal can be realized, so as to be applicable to scenarios where the phase gradient change range is not large or the requirement for phase modulation accuracy is not high.

[0115] In some embodiments, as Figure 16 shown, the multiple metasurface units 13 enclose a receiving area 15, and the orthographic projection of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 at least coincides with the receiving area 15 (in the figure, it is shown that the metal floor 11 covers the receiving area 15).

[0116] In this way, the metasurface units 13 can be optimized in the reflection area corresponding to the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12, so as to reduce the number of metasurface units 13, and further realize the lightweight design of the antenna reflector 1 on the basis of reducing the material consumption.

[0117] Among them, in combination with the above, the dielectric substrates 131 included in the multiple metasurface units 13 can be an integrated structure. At this time, the first patch units 132 in the orthographic projection area of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 can be optimized. At this time, as Figure 17As shown, the accommodation area 15 on the metasurface reflector 12 is surrounded by a plurality of first patch units 132 and is located on the surface of the dielectric substrate 131; alternatively, the first patch units 132 and the dielectric substrate 131 within the orthographic projection area of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 can be optimized. At this time, as Figure 18 shown, the accommodation area 15 on the metasurface reflector 12 is surrounded by a plurality of metasurface units 13, that is, the accommodation area 15 is a through hole surrounded by a plurality of metasurface units 13.

[0118] It should be noted that in combination with the case where the metasurface unit 13 described above includes the second patch unit 134, when optimizing the design of the metasurface unit 13, in addition to optimizing the design of the first patch unit 132, the second patch unit 134 will also be optimized. At this time, the accommodation area 15 on the metasurface reflector 12 can be surrounded by a plurality of first patch units 132 or a plurality of second patch units 134. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0119] Among them, as Figure 19 、 Figure 20 or Figure 21 shown, the metal floor 11 can be arranged on the same layer as the metasurface reflector 12, that is, the metal floor 11 is located within the accommodation area 15 on the metasurface reflector 12. At this time, the shape of the metal floor 11 matches the shape of the accommodation area 15, that is, the orthographic projection of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 coincides with the accommodation area 15; or as Figure 16 shown, the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12 are arranged in a stacked manner. At this time, the edge of the metal floor 11 extends out of the accommodation area 15, so that the metal floor 11 is supported on the metasurface reflector 12 (the first patch unit 132), that is, the orthographic projection of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 covers the accommodation area 15; or the metal floor 11 is arranged in a stacked manner with the metasurface reflector 12 through other insulating members. At this time, the edge of the metal floor 11 extends out of the accommodation area 15, the orthographic projection of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 covers the accommodation area 15, or the shape of the metal floor 11 matches the shape of the accommodation area 15, and the orthographic projection of the metal floor 11 on the metasurface reflector 12 coincides with the accommodation area 15.

[0120] When the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12 are arranged on the same layer, the metal floor 11 and the first patch unit 132 can be on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate 131, that is, the metal floor 11 and the first patch unit 132 are arranged on the same layer; of course, in combination with the case where the metasurface unit 13 described above includes the second patch unit 134, the metal floor 11 can also be on the same side surface of the dielectric substrate 131 as the second patch unit 134, that is, the metal floor 11 and the second patch unit 134 are arranged on the same layer.

[0121] In addition, when the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12 are arranged on the same layer, the shape of the metal floor 11 is limited by the shape of the accommodating area 15. At this time, the metal floor 11 can be adjusted by the shape of the accommodating area 15 to ensure the matching effect of the antenna reflector 1. At the same time, when the antenna reflector 1 is applied to the antenna device 10, it is convenient to optimize the front-to-back ratio of the antenna device 10. When the metal floor 11 and the metasurface reflector 12 are arranged in a stacked manner, the size of the metal floor 11 can be flexibly adjusted to ensure the reflection effect and regulation effect of the antenna reflector 1 on the radio frequency signal.

[0122] In some embodiments, both the metal floor 11 and the accommodating area 15 are rectangular or cross-shaped.

[0123] Taking the metal floor 11 and the first patch unit 132 on the same layer as an example, as Figure 19 shown, the metasurface unit 13 is a square structure, the metal floor 11 is a rectangular structure, and a plurality of metasurface units 13 enclose a rectangular accommodating area 15. The long sides of the metal floor 11 and the accommodating area 15 are equal to 3 times the side length of the metasurface unit 13, and the short sides of the metal floor 11 and the accommodating area 15 are equal to the side length of the metasurface unit 13; or, as Figure 8 or Figure 21 shown, both the metasurface unit 13 and the metal floor 11 are square structures, and a plurality of metasurface units 13 enclose a square accommodating area 15. The side lengths of the metal floor 11 and the accommodating area 15 are both equal to 3 times the side length of the metasurface unit 13; or, as Figure 20 shown, the metasurface unit 13 is a square structure, the metal floor 11 is a cross-shaped structure, and a plurality of metasurface units 13 enclose a cross-shaped accommodating area 15. The end widths of the metal floor 11 and the accommodating area 15 are both equal to the side length of the metasurface unit 13.

[0124] Of course, in addition to being rectangular or cross-shaped, the metal floor 11 and the accommodating area 15 can also be regular hexagons, etc. The embodiments of the present disclosure do not limit this.

[0125] Example 1, for the metasurface unit 13 as Figure 4 shown, the material of the dielectric substrate 131 is Rogers4350B, with a size of 65 mm (0.18λ) * 65 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The size of the first patch unit 132 is 62 mm (i.e., 0.172λ) * 62 mm, and the radius of the circular hole is 30.5 mm (i.e., 0.085λ).

[0126] For the metasurface unit 13 as Figure 4 shown, simulation tests are carried out, and the reflection coefficient curve as Figure 22 shown can be obtained. Combining Figure 22It can be seen that the metasurface unit 13 has a high reflection coefficient (greater than 0.92) within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, that is, the metasurface unit 13 exhibits high reflection characteristics, thus ensuring the high reflection characteristics of the metasurface reflector 12.

[0127] Example 2, for the antenna device 10 as Figure 1 shown, the antenna reflector 1 includes a metal floor 11 and a plurality of metasurface units 13. The size of the metal floor 11 is 65 mm (0.18λ) * 65 mm. The material of the dielectric substrate 131 included in the metasurface unit 13 is Rogers 4350B, with a size of 65 mm (0.18λ) * 65 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The size of the first patch unit 132 is 62 mm (i.e., 0.172λ) * 62 mm, and the radius of the circular hole is 30.5 mm (i.e., 0.085λ).

[0128] For the antenna device 10 as Figure 1 shown, simulation tests are carried out, and the gain change curve D1 as Figure 23 shown is obtained. At the same time, simulation tests are carried out on the antenna device 10 with the antenna reflector 1 being a conventional metal floor 11, and the gain change curve D2 as Figure 23 shown is obtained. Combining Figure 23 It can be seen that within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the gain of the antenna device 10 is increased by 0.1 - 0.53 dB, while ensuring the low-profile characteristics of the antenna device 10.

[0129] Example 3, for the antenna device 10 as Figure 24 shown, the antenna reflector 1 includes a metal floor 11 and three metasurface rings 14 formed by a plurality of metasurface units 13. The size of the metal floor 11 is 65 mm (0.18λ) * 65 mm. The material of the dielectric substrate 131 included in the plurality of metasurface units 13 is Rogers4350B, with sizes of 65 mm (0.18λ) * 65 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the inner metasurface ring 14, the middle metasurface ring 14, and the outer metasurface ring 14 each include one metasurface unit 13. The size of the first patch unit 132 included in the inner metasurface ring 14 is 64 mm (i.e., 0.177λ) * 64 mm, and the radius of the circular hole is 31 mm (i.e., 0.086λ). The size of the first patch unit 132 included in the middle metasurface ring 14 is 62 mm (i.e., 0.172λ) * 62 mm, and the radius of the circular hole is 30.5 mm (i.e., 0.085λ). The size of the first patch unit 132 included in the outer metasurface ring 14 is 60 mm (i.e., 0.166λ) * 60 mm, and the radius of the circular hole is 29 mm (i.e., 0.08λ).

[0130] For the antenna device 10 as Figure 24The antenna device 10 shown is subjected to simulation tests, and the standing wave ratio curve as shown in Figure 25 and the gain variation curve D3 as shown in Figure 26 can be obtained; at the same time, the antenna device 10 with the antenna reflector 1 being the conventional metal floor 11 is subjected to simulation tests, and the gain variation curve D4 as shown in Figure 26 is obtained. Combining Figure 25 it can be known that within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna device 10 is less than 1.5, indicating that the antenna device 10 has good matching characteristics; combining Figure 26 it can be known that within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the gain of the antenna device 10 is increased by 0.32 - 1.11 dB, and at the same time, the low-profile characteristic of the antenna device 10 is ensured.

[0131] Example 4, for the antenna device 10 as shown in Figure 12 , the antenna device 10 includes 3 antenna elements 4, Figure 12 and the specific structural parameters of the antenna reflector 1 included in the antenna device 10 in

[0132] can refer to the structural parameters of the antenna reflector 1 in Example 3. Figure 12 The antenna device 10 shown is subjected to simulation tests, and the gain variation curve D5 as shown in Figure 27 can be obtained; at the same time, the antenna device 10 with the antenna reflector 1 being the conventional metal floor 11 is subjected to simulation tests, and the gain variation curve D6 as shown in Figure 27 is obtained. Combining Figure 27 it can be known that within the operating frequency band of 703 - 960 MHz, the gain of the antenna device 10 is increased by 0.24 - 0.56 dB, and at the same time, the low-profile characteristic of the antenna device 10 is ensured.

[0133] The present disclosure embodiment also provides an antenna system, and this antenna system includes the antenna device 10 described in the above embodiment. Based on the above-mentioned antenna device 10, on the basis of having low-profile characteristics and better antenna performance, it is convenient to ensure the radiation performance and space occupancy rate of the antenna system.

[0134] After considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein, those skilled in the art will readily think of other implementation schemes of the present disclosure. This application aims to cover any variations, uses, or adaptive changes of the present disclosure, and these variations, uses, or adaptive changes follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include the common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present disclosure. The specification and embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna reflector, characterized in that, include: A metasurface reflector, comprising a plurality of metasurface units distributed in an array, each of the metasurface units comprising a dielectric substrate and a first patch unit located on a surface of the dielectric substrate; A metal floor, wherein the orthographic projection of the center point of the metal floor on the metasurface reflector coincides with the center point of the metasurface reflector, and in the arrangement direction of the metasurface units, the ratio between the outer contour size of the metal floor and the outer contour size of the metasurface reflector is less than or equal to 0.

8.

2. The antenna reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of said super surface units form a plurality of super surface rings which are nested and distributed in sequence; The first patch unit has an opening located in the central area and passing through the first patch unit. In the direction from the inner ring to the outer ring, the outer contour size and / or the size of the opening of the first patch unit included in the multiple supersurface rings change gradually, and the outer contour size of the first patch unit included in each of the supersurface rings is the same, and the size of the opening on the first patch unit is the same.

3. The antenna reflector according to claim 2, wherein Each of the metasurface rings includes one or more circles of metasurface units.

4. The antenna reflector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first patch unit is a rectangular patch, and the opening of the first patch unit is a polygonal hole or a circular hole.

5. The antenna reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metasurface unit also includes a second patch unit located on the surface of the dielectric substrate; The first patch unit and the second patch unit are located on different surfaces of the dielectric substrate, and the center point of the first patch unit and the center point of the second patch unit have orthographic projections on the dielectric substrate that coincide with each other.

6. The antenna reflector according to claim 5, wherein The second patch unit has the same structure as the first patch unit, or has the same shape as the opening on the first patch unit.

7. The antenna reflector according to claim 5, wherein, A plurality of the super surface units form a plurality of super surface rings which are nested in sequence; The second patch unit has the same shape as the opening on the first patch unit, and the outer contour size of the second patch unit included in the multiple metasurface rings changes gradually from the inner ring to the outer ring.

8. The antenna reflector according to claim 7, wherein, The outer contour size of the second patch unit is positively correlated with the change gradient of the size of the opening on the first patch unit, and the outer contour size of the second patch unit is smaller than the size of the opening on the first patch unit.

9. The antenna reflector according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, A plurality of the metasurface units form an accommodation area, and the orthographic projection of the metal floor on the metasurface reflective plate at least overlaps with the accommodation area.

10. The antenna reflector according to claim 9, wherein The metal floor is arranged at the same layer as the first patch unit, and the shape of the metal floor matches the shape of the accommodating area.

11. The antenna reflector according to claim 10, characterized in that, The metal floor and the accommodating area are both rectangular or cross-shaped.

12. The antenna reflector according to claim 9, wherein, The metal floor is supported on the metasurface reflector.

13. An antenna device, characterized in that, include: The antenna reflector according to any one of claims 1 to 12; A balun structure is vertically arranged on the metal floor of the antenna reflector; The radiation structure is located on a side of the balun structure away from the antenna reflector and is connected to the balun structure.

14. The antenna device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The antenna device comprises a plurality of antenna elements distributed in an array, each of the antenna elements comprises an antenna reflector, a balun structure and a radiation structure; There are a plurality of common metasurface units between two adjacent antenna reflectors, and the peripheries of the plurality of antenna reflectors have a common metasurface ring.

15. The antenna device according to claim 13, characterized in that, In the same direction, the ratio between the size of the metal floor and the size of the radiation structure is less than or equal to 1.5.

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