H-plane self-mutual-decoupling differential antenna based on grounding pole

Abstract

The invention discloses an H-plane self-mutual-decoupling differential antenna based on a grounding pole. The H-plane self-mutual-decoupling differential antenna comprises a top metal layer, a dielectric substrate and a bottom metal ground which are sequentially stacked. The top metal layer comprises two rectangular metal patches which are transversely arranged side by side at an interval; each rectangular metal patch is connected with the bottom layer metal ground through two grounding columns, and the two grounding columns are distributed on the upper portion and the lower portion of the side edge adjacent to the other rectangular metal patch. Each rectangular metal patch is respectively connected with two coaxial probes to form a pair of differential ports; and the arrangement direction of the pair of grounding columns corresponding to the same metal patch is vertical to the arrangement direction of the pair of coaxial probes. When differential excitation is fed into one of the metal patches through the differential port, due to the arrangement of a decoupling structure formed by the grounding columns, a weak field area is formed at the feed position of the other metal patch which is mutually coupled, so that energy cannot be transmitted downwards to the differential port of the metal patch, and a good isolation characteristic is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a wireless communication device, and in particular to a decoupled differential antenna. Background Art

[0002] Differential antennas are highly favored for their excellent performance stability. They can effectively reduce performance fluctuations caused by structural asymmetry. Their strong anti-interference capabilities and improved differential-mode signal transmission efficiency further enhance signal anti-interference performance. With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, device miniaturization has become an inevitable trend, and the importance of simple, densely packed multi-element patch antenna arrays has become increasingly prominent. However, when designing simple, densely packed differential antennas to save space, mutual interference between antennas can lead to numerous adverse effects, such as poor matching performance, distorted patterns, and reduced radiation performance.

[0003] Existing single-ended antennas use decoupling technologies that use resonator structures to directly block the coupling currents and waves between antenna elements and introduce additional coupling paths to offset the original coupling. However, the complexity of the antenna structure, the size of the radiator, and the center spacing of the radiator cannot meet the requirements of large-scale traditional wireless communications.

[0004] While existing decoupling techniques can reduce coupling between single-feed antennas to a certain extent, these techniques cannot be directly applied to differentially fed antennas, which have multiple feed ports and complex coupling paths. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore methods that can reduce mutual coupling between elements in multi-element differential antenna arrays. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned existing technologies, an H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a grounding column is proposed to reduce the radiation pattern deviation and reduce the structural complexity.

[0006] Technical solution: An H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a grounding post, comprising a top metal layer, a dielectric substrate, and a bottom metal ground stacked in sequence; the top metal layer comprises two rectangular metal patches arranged side by side in a horizontal direction; each rectangular metal patch is connected to the bottom metal ground through two grounding posts that pass vertically through the dielectric substrate, and the two grounding posts are distributed at the upper and lower positions of the side adjacent to the other rectangular metal patch; each rectangular metal patch is connected to two coaxial probes that pass vertically from the bottom upward through the bottom metal ground and the dielectric substrate to form a pair of differential ports; and the arrangement direction of the pair of grounding posts corresponding to the same metal patch is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the pair of coaxial probes, and the two coaxial probes corresponding to the same metal patch are arranged along the longitudinal center axis of the patch.

[0007] Furthermore, the two rectangular metal patches have the same size, with a length between 0.25λ0-0.30λ0 and a width between 0.25λ0-0.30λ0. The side-to-side spacing between the two rectangular metal patches is between 0.025λ0-0.030λ0, and the center-to-center spacing is 0.30λ0-0.35λ0.

[0008] Furthermore, the center distance between two grounding posts of the same rectangular metal patch is between 0.20λ0 and 0.25λ0.

[0009] Furthermore, the center distance between two left-to-right opposite grounding posts on the two rectangular metal patches is between 0.050λ0 and 0.055λ0.

[0010] Furthermore, the center distance between the two coaxial probes of the same rectangular metal patch is between 0.060λ0 and 0.065λ0.

[0011] Beneficial effects: Most of the existing single-feed antenna decoupling technologies are difficult to apply directly to differential antennas. At the same time, existing differential decoupling antennas face many challenges in design, and it is often difficult to take into account the problems of radiation pattern offset, complex structure, and large radiator size. The present invention arranges a pair of grounding posts symmetrically at the upper and lower positions of adjacent opposite sides of two mutually coupled metal patches, and the arrangement direction of the pair of grounding posts on the same metal patch is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the pair of differential ports of the patch. When the differential excitation is fed into one of the metal patches through the differential port, the TM on the excited patch 10 The decoupling structure formed by the grounding post creates a weak field region at the feed position of the other metal patch of the mutual coupling. The energy in this weak field region cannot be transmitted downward to its differential port, resulting in the differential port being unable to be excited. This achieves excellent isolation characteristics and realizes self-decoupling of the differential antenna. Through self-decoupling, the impact of the coupling patch's radiation on the main patch's radiation characteristics is reduced, that is, the deviation of the radiation pattern is reduced. In addition, the self-decoupling differential antenna also has the characteristic of low overall structural complexity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 In the embodiment H Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the surface self-decoupling differential antenna; Figure 2 In the embodiment H Exploded diagram of the self-decoupling differential antenna; Figure 3 is an S-parameter curve diagram of the antenna in the embodiment; Figure 4 is a gain curve diagram of the antenna in the embodiment; Figure 5: is the simulated radiation pattern of the antenna at 3.8 GHz in the embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, an H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a grounding column is stacked with a top metal layer 1, a dielectric substrate 2, and a bottom metal ground 3 from top to bottom, and also includes a coaxial probe group 4. The overall structure is aligned left and right about the middle vertical plane.

[0015] The top metal layer 1 is composed of y The present invention is composed of rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 arranged side by side and spaced apart (axis).

[0016] Rectangular metal patch 11 is connected to the underlying metal ground 3 via grounding posts 22 and 23 that pass perpendicularly through dielectric substrate 2. Rectangular metal patch 12 is connected to the underlying metal ground 3 via grounding posts 24 and 25 that pass perpendicularly through dielectric substrate 2. Grounding post 22 is located at the upper right corner of rectangular metal patch 11, and grounding post 23 is located at the lower right corner of rectangular metal patch 11. Grounding post 24 is located at the upper left corner of rectangular metal patch 12, and grounding post 25 is located at the lower left corner of rectangular metal patch 12.

[0017] The coaxial probe group 4 includes coaxial probes 41, 42, 43, and 44 that vertically pass through the bottom metal ground 3 and the dielectric substrate 2 from the bottom to the top and are used to feed the rectangular metal patch. x The coaxial probes 41 and 42 arranged side by side along the axis of the axis are fed, and the rectangular metal patch 12 is fed by the coaxial probes 41 and 42 arranged side by side along the longitudinal direction of the patch ( x The coaxial probes 43 and 44 arranged side by side on the axis of the axis are fed.

[0018] In the above structure, rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 serve as radiating elements; coaxial probes 41 and 42 serve as differential port 1, and coaxial probes 43 and 44 serve as differential port 2. Rectangular metal patch 11 is excited by differential port 1, and rectangular metal patch 12 is excited by differential port 2. Ground posts 22, 23, 24, and 25 form a decoupling structure for the two radiating elements.

[0019] Rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 have identical dimensions, with lengths ranging from 0.25λ0 to 0.30λ0 and widths ranging from 0.25λ0 to 0.30λ0, where λ0 is the free-space wavelength corresponding to a center frequency of 3.8 GHz. The side-to-side spacing between rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 is between 0.025λ0 and 0.030λ0, and the center-to-center spacing is between 0.30λ0 and 0.35λ0. The center-to-center spacing between the two grounding posts 22 and 23 on the same rectangular metal patch is between 0.20λ0 and 0.25λ0. The center-to-center spacing between the two grounding posts 22 and 24 on the left and right sides of the rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 is between 0.050λ0 and 0.055λ0. The center-to-center spacing between the two coaxial probes 41 and 42 on the same rectangular metal patch is between 0.060λ0 and 0.065λ0.

[0020] Differential excitation can generate signals of equal amplitude and opposite direction. When the rectangular metal patch 11 is fed through the differential port 1, the TM 10 At the same time, due to the decoupling structure formed by grounding posts 22, 23, 24, and 25, a weak field region is formed at the feed position of rectangular metal patch 12, which is mutually coupled with rectangular metal patch 11. The energy in this weak field region cannot be transmitted downward to differential port 2, resulting in the inability to excite differential port 2. In this way, good isolation characteristics are achieved.

[0021] In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 2 is made of Rogers RO4003C, which has a dielectric constant of 3.55 and a loss factor of 0.0027. The rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 have a length of 0.27λ0 and a width of 0.27λ0. The edge-to-edge spacing between the rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 is 0.027λ0, and the center-to-center spacing is 0.32λ0. The center-to-center spacing between the two grounding posts on the same rectangular metal patch is 0.22λ0. The center-to-center spacing between the two opposing grounding posts on the left and right sides of the rectangular metal patches 11 and 12 is 0.053λ0. The center-to-center spacing between the two coaxial probes on the same rectangular metal patch is 0.063λ0.

[0022] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the 10-dB impedance matching bandwidth of the antenna of this embodiment is 2.6%, the maximum gain within the operating frequency band is 5.85 dB, and the isolation at 3.8 GHz is greater than 15.26 dB. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna of this embodiment is at 3.8 GHz, H The 3-dB beamwidth in the plane is 95°; at this frequency, H The cross-polarization level within the 3-dB beamwidth is -101dB.

[0023] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a grounding post, characterized in that: The invention comprises a top metal layer (1), a dielectric substrate (2), and a bottom metal ground (3) which are stacked in sequence; the top metal layer (1) comprises two rectangular metal patches which are arranged side by side and spaced apart in a horizontal direction; each rectangular metal patch is connected to the bottom metal ground (3) through two grounding posts which pass vertically through the dielectric substrate (2), and the two grounding posts are distributed at the upper position and the lower position of the side adjacent to the other rectangular metal patch; each rectangular metal patch is connected to two coaxial probes which pass vertically from the bottom to the top through the bottom metal ground (3) and the dielectric substrate (2), forming a pair of differential ports; and the arrangement direction of the pair of grounding posts corresponding to the same metal patch is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the pair of coaxial probes, and the two coaxial probes corresponding to the same metal patch are arranged along the longitudinal center axis of the patch.

2. The H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a ground post according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two rectangular metal patches have the same size, with a length between 0.25λ0 and 0.30λ0, a width between 0.25λ0 and 0.30λ0, an edge-to-edge spacing between 0.025λ0 and 0.030λ0, and a center-to-center spacing between 0.30λ0 and 0.35λ0.

3. The H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a ground post according to claim 2, characterized in that: The center distance between two grounding posts of the same rectangular metal patch is between 0.20λ0 and 0.25λ0.

4. The H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a ground post according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The center distance between two left-to-right opposite grounding posts on the two rectangular metal patches is between 0.050λ0 and 0.055λ0.

5. The H-plane self-decoupling differential antenna based on a ground post according to claim 4, characterized in that: The center distance between two coaxial probes of the same rectangular metal patch is between 0.060λ0 and 0.065λ0.

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