Function and reliability flight test method

Abstract

The invention provides a function and reliability flight test method, which comprises the following steps of: according to a model development state and a test flight condition, carrying out similarity analysis in combination with test flight of a similar model, and determining a conversion coefficient; determining the time of a special function and reliability flight test according to the conversion coefficient; determining a test profile of a function and reliability flight test according to the model and the purpose, and carrying out the function and reliability flight test according to the test profile; the test time determination method provided by the invention is reasonable and effective, the flight profile covers various purposes, the operability is high, and the function and reliability of the model under different environmental conditions can be comprehensively assessed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of flight test technology, and particularly relates to a method for functional and reliability flight tests. Background Art

[0002] The purpose of functional and reliability flight tests is to systematically check whether the components and equipment of the model are reliable and functioning properly.

[0003] However, for functional reliability flight tests, it is necessary to reasonably determine the flight time of special functional reliability flight tests and the flight profile that conforms to the model itself according to the characteristics and technical maturity of the model.

[0004] In order to accelerate the progress of obtaining certificates, according to the suggestions of the airworthiness authorities, the model certification test time can be converted into functional and reliability flight test time, but there is currently no specific and feasible method. In the process of obtaining certificates for previous models, the airworthiness authorities and the design party mainly discussed and determined the flight time of special functional reliability flight tests to be carried out according to the technical maturity of the model, lacking a necessary analysis process and scientific basis, and unable to ensure the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of functional and reliability flight tests. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, this application provides a method for functional and reliability flight tests, and the method includes the following steps:

[0006] Conduct a similarity analysis based on the model development status and flight test situation, and in combination with the flight tests of similar or identical models, to determine the conversion coefficient;

[0007] Determine the time of special functional and reliability flight tests according to the conversion coefficient;

[0008] Determine the test profile of functional and reliability flight tests according to the model usage, and conduct functional and reliability flight tests according to the test profile.

[0009] Preferably, the step of conducting a similarity analysis based on the model development status and flight test situation, and in combination with the flight tests of similar or identical models, to determine the conversion coefficient includes:

[0010] Determine the conversion coefficient by using the first formula according to the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the model certification test accounting for the total time of the model certification test, and the similarity coefficient between the i-th profile in the model certification test and the functional and reliability flight test profile.

[0011] Preferably, the first formula is as follows:

[0012]

[0013] Wherein, is the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the type certification test to the total time of the type certification test; is the similarity coefficient between the i-th profile in the type certification test and the functional and reliability flight test profile; K is the conversion coefficient.

[0014] Preferably, ranges from 0 to 0.5.

[0015] Preferably, determining the time of the special functional and reliability flight test according to the conversion coefficient includes:

[0016] Obtain the total time of the type certification test;

[0017] According to the total time of the type certification test and the conversion coefficient, use the second formula to determine the flight test time T after conversion combined with the type certification test time 结合 ;

[0018] According to the flight test time T after conversion combined with the type certification test time 结合 , and the total flight test time T of the functional and reliability flight test 总 , use the third formula to determine the time of the special functional and reliability flight test.

[0019] Preferably, the second formula is as follows:

[0020] .

[0021] Preferably, the third formula is as follows:

[0022] .

[0023] Preferably, the type uses include personnel / material transportation, police law enforcement, medical rescue, scenic area sightseeing, anti-riot and stability maintenance, and disaster relief and rescue.

[0024] Advantageous technical effects of the present application:

[0025] The method for determining the test time of the flight test proposed by the present application is reasonable and effective. The flight profile covers various usage scenarios, has strong operability, and can comprehensively evaluate the functions and reliability of the model under different environmental conditions. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the day, long-distance, visual flight rules flight profile provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the day, short-distance, visual flight rules flight profile provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a daytime, visual flight rules skip flight profile provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a night, short - distance, visual flight rules flight profile provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] A method for functional and reliability flight tests provided by the present application specifically includes the following steps:

[0031] First, according to the model development status and flight test conditions, and in combination with the flight tests of similar models, similarity analysis is carried out to determine the conversion coefficient;

[0032] Determine the time of functional and reliability flight tests through the conversion coefficient;

[0033] Then, according to the model usage, determine the test profile of functional and reliability flight tests, and subsequently carry out functional and reliability flight tests according to the profile.

[0034] Among them, due to the strictness of the airworthiness clause requirements for the flight test time of functional and reliability flight tests, and the diversity of the selection principles for the flight test time of functional and reliability flight tests, the flight test time consists of two parts. One part is the special flight test time of functional and reliability flight tests, and the other part is the flight test time after conversion in combination with the type certification test time.

[0035]

[0036] Among them, for It is necessary to reasonably determine the conversion coefficient, and through the comparative analysis of the type certification test profile and the actual usage profile of the model, calculate according to the following algorithm.

[0037]

[0038] Wherein: is the percentage of the flight time of the i - th profile in the type certification test in the total time of the type certification test; is the similarity coefficient between the i - th profile in the type certification test and the functional and reliability flight test profile, with a value ranging from 0 to 0.5.

[0039] To ensure the strictness of functional and reliability flight tests, The value of cannot be greater than 0.5. Even if the type certification test profile is exactly the same as the functional and reliability flight test profile, 2 hours of type certification test time can only be converted into 1 hour of functional and reliability flight test time.

[0040]

[0041] The special function and reliability flight test flight time is as follows: .

[0042] The method for determining the test time of the function and reliability flight test proposed in this application is reasonable and effective. The flight profile covers various usage scenarios, has strong operability, and can comprehensively evaluate the functions and reliability of the model under different environmental conditions.

[0043] In a feasible implementation, as a light multi-purpose helicopter, its uses are diverse. Combining the current potential user research of the model, it is determined that it currently has the following 4 main usage scenarios:

[0044] 1) Personnel / material transportation (including mineral exploration and power line inspection): The main usage characteristics of the helicopter in this scenario are long-duration and long-distance flight, with single takeoff and landing. For this scenario, a day, long-distance, visual flight rules flight profile is established, as shown in Figure 1 .

[0045] 2) Police law enforcement and medical rescue: The main usage characteristics of the helicopter in this scenario are short-distance and long-duration flight. For this scenario, a day, short-distance, visual flight rules flight profile is established, as shown in Figure 2 .

[0046] 3) Scenic area sightseeing: The main usage characteristics of the helicopter in this scenario are short-duration flight and frequent takeoff and landing. For this scenario, a day, visual flight rules jump flight profile is established, as shown in Figure 3 .

[0047] 4) Anti-riot and stability maintenance, emergency rescue and disaster relief: The main usage characteristics of the helicopter in this scenario are short-duration emergency flight. For this scenario, a night, short-distance, visual flight rules flight profile is established, as shown in Figure 4 .

[0048] The method for determining the test time of the function and reliability flight test proposed in this application is reasonable and effective. The flight profile covers various usage scenarios, has strong operability, and can comprehensively evaluate the functions and reliability of the model under different environmental conditions.

[0049] In other embodiments of this application, a method for function and reliability flight test is provided, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] The helicopter needs to conduct function and reliability flight tests. According to CCAR21.35(6), the flight test time is 150 hours, that is, T 总 = 150 hours.

[0051] Previously, the helicopter has completed 260 hours of type certification tests, mainly involving the following subjects, as shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1

[0053] Serial Number Profile Name Flight Altitude Main Content Flight Time 1 Sensory Flight 600～1000m Level Flight, Climbing, Gliding, Turning, Variable-Speed Flight, Autorotative Descent 25 2 Traffic Pattern Flight 200m Radio Communication and Aerial Observation, Vertical Takeoff, Speed Increase, Establishment of Traffic Pattern, Visual Speed Reduction, Gliding, Vertical Landing, Taxiing (Terrain-Hugging Flight) 72 3 Hovering, Traffic Pattern Inspection Hovering: 2 - 10m, 200m Takeoff and Landing Radio Communication and Aerial Observation, Vertical Takeoff, Hovering, Speed Increase and Climbing, Establishment of Traffic Pattern, Visual Speed Reduction, Vertical Landing, Hovering, Traffic Pattern Deviation Correction Flight, In-Flight Engine Operation Inspection 23 4 Low-Altitude Traffic Pattern Flight 100m Vertical Takeoff, Speed Increase and Climbing, Establishment of Traffic Pattern, Visual Speed Reduction, Vertical Landing 20 5 Instrument Flight in Controlled Airspace 600～1000m Climbing, Level Flight, Gliding, Orbit (Turning), Variable-Speed Flight, Autorotation, Partial Instrument Covered Flight 25 6 Instrument Approach and Landing Flight 400m Establish Traffic Pattern According to Instrument Indication, Fly to / from NDB, Enter Landing Pattern According to Instrument Indication, Maintain Glide Along Landing Pattern, Pass NDB at Specified Altitude Exactly, Visual Observation, Landing 45 7 Course (Transit) Flight Above 600m Procedures of Aerial Navigation Work, Use of Navigation Equipment, Identification of Landmarks, Track Deduction, Calculation of Navigation Elements, Arrive on Time, Establish Traffic Pattern and Land 32 8 Instrument Navigation (Transit) Flight Above 600m Use On-Board Navigation Equipment to Control Track, Correct Track, Fly to Predetermined Elements, Arrive on Time, Instrument Approach and Landing 18

[0054] According to the flight time of each flight profile and the total time of type certification tests, calculate the proportion of the flight time of each profile in the total time of type certification tests, and determine the similarity coefficient based on the similarity between this flight profile and the functional and reliability flight test profile. See Table 2.

[0055] Table 2

[0056] Serial Number Profile Name <![CDATA[Proportion P of flight time i > <![CDATA[Profile similarity coefficient C i > <![CDATA[P i ×C i > 1 Sensory Flight 0.096154 0.3 0.028846 2 Traffic Pattern Flight 0.276923 0.3 0.083077 3 Hovering, Traffic Pattern Inspection 0.088462 0.1 0.008846 4 Low-Altitude Traffic Pattern Flight 0.076923 0.3 0.023077 5 Instrument Flight in Controlled Airspace 0.096154 0.2 0.019231 6 Instrument Approach and Landing Flight 0.173077 0.2 0.034615 7 Course (Transit) Flight 0.123077 0.2 0.024615 8 Instrument Navigation (Transit) Flight 0.069231 0.2 0.013846

[0057] The conversion coefficient can be calculated from the above data. = 0.236154.

[0058] Furthermore, the flight test time after conversion considering the type certification test time of the model is obtained. = 260 × 0.236154 = 61.4 hours, rounded up to 61 hours.

[0059] Then, the flight test time for the special functional and reliability flight test is: = 150 - 61 = 89 hours.

[0060] Therefore, the model needs to conduct a special functional and reliability flight test for 89 hours.

[0061] According to the determined flight test profile of the functional and reliability flight test and the main usage scenarios of the helicopter, allocate the 89 hours, and the following results are obtained. See Table 3.

[0062] [[ID=3,8]]Table 3

[0063] Profile Serial Number Flight Profile Name Flight Time (hours) Total Flight Time (hours) 1 Daytime, Long-Distance, Visual Flight Rules Flight 2.0 × 15 sorties 30 2 Daytime, Short-Distance, Visual Flight Rules Flight 1.0 × 10 sorties 10 3 Daytime, Visual Flight Rules Skip Flight 2.0 × 20 sorties 40 4 Nighttime, Short-Distance, Visual Flight Rules Flight 1.0 × 9 sorties 9 Total 89

[0064] The method for determining the test time of the functional and reliability flight test proposed in this application is reasonable and effective. The flight profile covers various usage situations, is highly operable, and can comprehensively evaluate the functions and reliability of the model under different environmental conditions.

[0065] This method of combining a limited special functional and reliability flight test with the reliability information of type certification tests can demonstrate compliance with Article 2 of (ii) and Article 2 of (vi) of CCAR21.35.

[0066] Such a verification method realizes resource sharing, reduces the use and maintenance costs, reduces the consumption of the helicopter's service life, and at the same time, speeds up the verification speed.

[0067] It should be noted that in accordance with CCAR21.35(2), the applicant shall conduct various flight tests specified by the aviation authority to determine whether it can be reasonably ensured that the aircraft, its components and equipment are reliable and function properly for aircraft type-certificated in accordance with airworthiness regulations. In accordance with CCAR21.35(6), the flight tests shall include at least 150 hours of flight for all other aircraft.

[0068] The airworthiness authority supports the suggestion that the functional and reliability program time can be incorporated into the type certification test time to replace the dedicated F&R tests. Historically, most rotorcraft type certification programs have restricted the conversion of flight test time in this way, requiring a minimum of 50 hours of dedicated F&R flight tests. For those rotorcraft programs involving the installation of a new engine (mature engine design) or changes in the transmission / rotor system on previously type-certificated aircraft (type certificate changes or supplemental type certificates), the conversion of flight time is unrestricted, and the F&R test time is often very short or even no dedicated F&R tests are conducted. Non-functional and reliability flight tests conducted in various locations and environments can be adopted to confirm the functional and reliability requirements under these conditions.

Claims

1. A method for functional and reliability flight tests, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Conduct similarity analysis based on the development status of the model and the flight test conditions, and in combination with the flight tests of similar or identical models, to determine the conversion coefficient; Determine the time for the special functional and reliability flight tests according to the conversion coefficient; Determine the test profiles for the functional and reliability flight tests according to the model's intended use, and conduct the functional and reliability flight tests in accordance with the test profiles; Among them, the step of conducting similarity analysis based on the development status of the model and the flight test conditions, and in combination with the flight tests of similar or identical models to determine the conversion coefficient includes: Determine the conversion coefficient by using the first formula based on the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the type certification test accounting for the total time of the type certification test, and the similarity coefficient between the i-th profile in the type certification test and the test profile of the functional and reliability flight tests; The first formula is as follows: Among them, is the percentage of the flight time of the i-th profile in the type certification test to the total time of the type certification test; is the similarity coefficient between the i-th profile in the type certification test and the functional and reliability flight test profile; K is the conversion coefficient.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein The value range is from 0 to 0.

5.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein The step of determining the time for the special functional and reliability flight tests according to the conversion coefficient includes: Obtain the total time of the type certification test; According to the total time of the type certification test and the conversion coefficient, use the second formula to determine the flight test time T after converting the type certification test time 结合 ; The flight test time T converted according to the combined type certification test time 结合 , and the total flight test time T of the functional and reliability flight test 总 , using the third formula, determine the time of the special functional and reliability flight test.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second formula is as follows: 。 5. The method according to claim 4, wherein The third formula is as follows: 。 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein The model's intended uses include personnel / material transportation, police law enforcement, medical rescue, scenic area sightseeing, anti-riot and stability maintenance, and emergency rescue and disaster relief.

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