Crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, in particular to a crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking. According to the technical scheme, the device comprises a walking vehicle, wheel shafts are rotationally installed on the two sides of the lower surface of the walking vehicle correspondingly, rail wheels are fixedly installed at the two ends of each wheel shaft, the outer surfaces of the wheel shafts are fixedly sleeved with friction rings, a fixing plate is fixedly installed on the side, close to the friction rings, of the outer surface of the walking vehicle, and a sleeve is fixedly installed on the outer side of the fixing plate; a first piston and a second piston are slidably mounted in the sleeve, a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first piston and penetrates through the sleeve, and a connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second piston and penetrates through the fixing plate. In the running process of the bridge crane, when the walking vehicle is collided, the elastic buffering protection effect on the walking vehicle can be achieved, meanwhile, the walking vehicle can be braked in time, and safety accidents are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cranes, and particularly to an anti-collision device for cranes based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking. Background Art

[0002] A bridge crane is a hoisting equipment that spans over workshops, warehouses, and yards for material hoisting. Since its two ends are seated on tall concrete columns or metal brackets and resemble a bridge, the bridge of the bridge crane runs longitudinally along the tracks laid on both elevated sides, which can make full use of the space below the bridge to hoist materials without being hindered by ground equipment. It is a kind of hoisting machinery with the widest application range and the largest number.

[0003] The existing publication number CN112551361A discloses an anti-collision limit device for the trolley of a crane, including a fixed seat. On both sides of the fixed seat, a telescopic component and a deceleration component are respectively provided. A travel switch is arranged between the telescopic component and the deceleration component. A fixing component is arranged on the fixed seat, and the fixed seat is fixed on the trolley of the crane through the fixing component. This anti-collision limit device for the trolley of a crane can effectively prevent two cranes from colliding through the telescopic component, and has the advantages of simple structure, reliable performance, not being easily deformed, and causing less damage to the travel switch. Through the deceleration component, the distance between two cranes can be detected, and the braking device can be controlled through the distance data, thereby preventing two cranes from colliding.

[0004] Currently, during the operation of cranes, collisions often occur due to human operation errors or lack of effective communication, resulting in the failure of the trolley to stop in time, thus triggering safety accidents. Therefore, we propose an anti-collision device for cranes based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-collision device for cranes based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking, which has the advantages of being able to elastically buffer and protect the trolley when a collision occurs during the operation of a bridge crane, and being able to stop the trolley in time to avoid safety accidents. It solves the problem that during the operation of current bridge cranes, collisions often occur due to human operation errors or lack of effective communication, resulting in the failure of the trolley to stop in time, thus triggering safety accidents.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking, including a traveling vehicle. On both sides of the lower surface of the traveling vehicle, axle shafts are respectively rotatably installed, and track wheels are fixedly installed at both ends of the axle shafts. A friction ring is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the axle shaft. On one side of the outer surface of the traveling vehicle close to the friction ring, a fixed plate is fixedly installed. A sleeve is fixedly installed on the outside of the fixed plate. A first piston and a second piston are slidably installed inside the sleeve. A sliding rod is fixedly connected to the outside of the first piston, and the sliding rod penetrates the sleeve. A connecting rod is fixedly connected to the inside of the second piston, and the connecting rod penetrates the fixed plate. A main brake block is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod.

[0007] Preferably, oil is provided between the first piston and the second piston inside the sleeve. A number of through holes are equidistantly arranged in an annular array on the outside of the first piston. When the first piston moves towards the fixed plate, since the oil cannot be compressed, it forces the oil to quickly push the second piston, the connecting rod, and the main brake block towards the friction ring. After the friction ring and the main brake block come into contact, the traveling vehicle is braked. And during the movement of the first piston, when the oil gradually passes through the through holes, heat is generated by friction, and the collision energy is transferred to the oil and released.

[0008] Preferably, a first helical spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the first piston, and a second helical spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the second piston. After the collision ends, the compressed first helical spring and second helical spring will push the first piston and the second piston to move back to their original positions.

[0009] Preferably, a through port is provided on the outside of the sleeve, and the sliding rod passes through the through port. An annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the through port. A sealing ring is provided inside the annular groove, and the sliding rod passes through the sealing ring. The sealing ring seals the gap between the sliding rod and the through port to prevent the oil from leaking out.

[0010] Preferably, a collision block is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod, and the collision block plays a role in protecting the sliding rod.

[0011] Preferably, a buffer rubber block is fixedly installed on the outside of the collision block. The buffer rubber block plays a role in buffering and protecting when the collision block is collided to avoid damage to the collision block.

[0012] Preferably, fixing blocks are fixedly installed near the upper surface and the lower surface on the inner side of the fixing plate. A secondary brake block is arranged between the two fixing blocks, and the primary brake block and the secondary brake block are respectively located on both sides of the friction ring. Rack bars are fixedly installed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the primary brake block and the secondary brake block. Rotating gears are installed on the opposite surfaces of the two fixing blocks, and the gears are engaged with the rack bars. When the primary brake block moves towards the friction ring, through the transmission of the gears and the rack bars, the secondary brake block synchronously moves towards the friction ring, thus increasing the contact braking area with the friction ring, thereby increasing the braking force and enabling the walking vehicle to quickly stop.

[0013] Preferably, dovetail chutes are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two fixing blocks. Dovetail sliders are fixedly installed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the primary brake block and the secondary brake block, and the dovetail sliders are located inside the dovetail chutes. The dovetail chutes and the dovetail sliders play a guiding role in the movement of the primary brake block and the secondary brake block.

[0014] Preferably, arc-shaped concave surfaces are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the primary brake block and the secondary brake block. The arc-shaped concave surfaces increase the contact area between the primary brake block and the secondary brake block and the friction ring, thereby increasing the braking force and enabling the walking vehicle to quickly stop.

[0015] Preferably, convex limiting strips are fixedly arranged near the rack bars on the opposite surfaces of the two fixing blocks. The convex limiting strips are integrally processed with the fixing blocks and play a limiting role on the rack bars, enabling the rack bars to be engaged with the gears.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. By setting the walking vehicle, track wheels, wheel axles, friction rings, fixing plates, sleeves, first pistons, second pistons, sliding rods, connecting rods and primary brake blocks, the present invention achieves the effect of elastically buffering and protecting the walking vehicle when the walking vehicle collides during the operation of the bridge crane, and at the same time can quickly stop the walking vehicle in time to avoid safety accidents. The walking vehicle moves on the bridge crane through the track wheels. When the walking vehicle collides, the sliding rod will contact the collision object, then the sliding rod drives the first piston to move inside the sleeve, the air inside the sleeve is compressed and pushes the second piston to move, the second piston drives the connecting rod and the primary brake block to move, and the primary brake block contacts the friction ring to stop the walking vehicle.

[0018] 2. By providing hydraulic fluid, through holes, the first helical spring, and the second helical spring, the present invention achieves the effect of being able to brake the walking vehicle in a timely manner and release the collision energy. When the first piston moves towards the fixed plate, since the hydraulic fluid cannot be compressed, it forces the hydraulic fluid to quickly push the second piston, the connecting rod, and the main brake block towards the friction ring. After the friction ring contacts the main brake block, the walking vehicle is braked. Moreover, during the movement of the first piston, as the hydraulic fluid gradually passes through the through holes, heat is generated by friction, and the collision energy is transferred to the hydraulic fluid and released. After the collision ends, the compressed first helical spring and the second helical spring will push the first piston and the second piston to move back to their original positions.

[0019] 3. By providing the secondary brake block, rack, gear, fixed block, dovetail chute, and dovetail slider, the present invention achieves the effect of being able to provide greater braking force when the walking vehicle brakes. When the main brake block moves towards the friction ring, through the transmission of the gear and the rack, the secondary brake block synchronously moves towards the friction ring. When the main brake block and the secondary brake block simultaneously contact the friction ring, the contact braking area with the friction ring is increased, thereby increasing the braking force and enabling the walking vehicle to brake quickly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic partial three-dimensional structure diagram of the wheel axle of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic partial three-dimensional sectional structure diagram of the sleeve and the fixed plate of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is for the present invention Figure 3 an enlarged structure diagram of A in;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic partial three-dimensional structure diagram of the fixed block of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1, walking vehicle; 2, sleeve; 3, fixed plate; 4, wheel axle; 5, track wheel; 6, friction ring; 7, buffer rubber block; 8, collision block; 9, sliding rod; 10, first piston; 11, first helical spring; 12, second piston; 13, second helical spring; 14, hydraulic fluid; 15, connecting rod; 16, main brake block; 17, fixed block; 18, secondary brake block; 19, arc-shaped concave surface; 20, dovetail slider; 21, rack; 22, gear; 23, through hole; 24, sealing ring; 25, annular groove; 26, through port; 27, dovetail chute; 28, convex limiting strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0026] The following further describes the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] As Figures 1 - 3 shown, an anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking proposed by the present invention includes a walking vehicle 1. On both sides of the lower surface of the walking vehicle 1, wheel axles 4 are respectively rotatably installed. The wheel axles 4 and the walking vehicle 1 are rotatably connected through bearings, and track wheels 5 are fixedly installed at both ends of the wheel axles 4. A friction ring 6 is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the wheel axle 4. A fixing plate 3 is fixedly installed on one side of the outer surface of the walking vehicle 1 close to the friction ring 6. A sleeve 2 is fixedly installed on the outside of the fixing plate 3. A first piston 10 and a second piston 12 are slidably installed inside the sleeve 2. A sliding rod 9 is fixedly connected to the outside of the first piston 10, and the sliding rod 9 penetrates through the sleeve 2. A collision block 8 is fixedly connected to the end of the sliding rod 9. A buffer rubber block 7 is fixedly installed on the outside of the collision block 8. The buffer rubber block 7 plays a role of buffering and protecting when the collision block 8 is collided, so as to avoid damage to the collision block 8. A connecting rod 15 is fixedly connected to the inside of the second piston 12, and the connecting rod 15 penetrates through the fixing plate 3. A main brake block 16 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod 15.

[0029] In this embodiment, the walking vehicle 1 moves on a bridge crane through the track wheels 5. When the walking vehicle 1 collides, the collision block 8 at the end of the sliding rod 9 will contact the collision object, then the sliding rod 9 drives the first piston 10 to move inside the sleeve 2. The air inside the sleeve 2 is compressed and pushes the second piston 12 to move. The second piston 12 drives the connecting rod 15 and the main brake block 16 to move, and when the main brake block 16 contacts the friction ring 6, the walking vehicle 1 can be braked to avoid causing safety accidents.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] As Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, an anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking proposed by the present invention. Compared with Example 1, this embodiment further includes hydraulic oil 14 arranged between the first piston 10 and the second piston 12 inside the sleeve 2. A plurality of through holes 23 are equidistantly arranged in an annular array on the outside of the first piston 10. A first spiral spring 11 is fixedly connected to the inside of the first piston 10. A second spiral spring 13 is fixedly connected to the inside of the second piston 12. A through port 26 is arranged on the outside of the sleeve 2, and the sliding rod 9 passes through the through port 26. An annular groove 25 is arranged on the inner wall of the through port 26. A sealing ring 24 is arranged inside the annular groove 25, and the sliding rod 9 passes through the sealing ring 24. The sealing ring 24 plays a role of sealing the gap between the sliding rod 9 and the through port 26 to avoid leakage of the hydraulic oil 14.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the first piston 10 moves towards the fixed plate 3, since the hydraulic fluid 14 cannot be compressed, it forces the hydraulic fluid 14 to quickly push the second piston 12, the connecting rod 15, and the main brake block 16 towards the friction ring 6. After the friction ring 6 contacts the main brake block 16, the walking vehicle 1 is braked to a stop. And during the movement of the first piston 10, when the hydraulic fluid 14 gradually passes through the through hole 23, heat is generated by friction, so the collision energy is transferred to the hydraulic fluid 14 and released. After the collision ends, the compressed first helical spring 11 and the second helical spring 13 will push the first piston 10 and the second piston 12 to move back to their original positions.

[0033] Embodiment III

[0034] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, a crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking proposed by the present invention. Compared with Embodiment I, this embodiment further includes fixing blocks 17 fixedly installed near the upper and lower surfaces on the inner side of the fixed plate 3. A secondary brake block 18 is arranged between the two fixing blocks 17. The main brake block 16 and the secondary brake block 18 are respectively located on both sides of the friction ring 6. Rack teeth 21 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the main brake block 16 and the secondary brake block 18. Rotating gears 22 are installed on the opposite surfaces of the two fixing blocks 17, and the gears 22 are engaged with the rack teeth 21. Dovetail chutes 27 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two fixing blocks 17. Dovetail sliders 20 are fixedly installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the main brake block 16 and the secondary brake block 18, and the dovetail sliders 20 are located inside the dovetail chutes 27. Arc-shaped concave surfaces 19 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the main brake block 16 and the secondary brake block 18. The arrangement of the arc-shaped concave surfaces 19 increases the contact area between the main brake block 16 and the secondary brake block 18 and the friction ring 6, thereby increasing the braking force and enabling the walking vehicle 1 to be quickly braked to a stop. Raised limit strips 28 are fixedly arranged on the opposite surfaces of the two fixing blocks 17 near the rack teeth 21. The raised limit strips 28 are integrally formed with the fixing blocks 17 and play a role in limiting the rack teeth 21, so that the rack teeth 21 are engaged with the gears 22.

[0035] In this embodiment, when the main brake block 16 moves towards the friction ring 6, through the transmission of the gears 22 and the rack teeth 21, the secondary brake block 18 is synchronously moved towards the friction ring 6. The main brake block 16 and the secondary brake block 18 contact the friction ring 6 simultaneously, thereby increasing the contact braking area with the friction ring 6, increasing the braking force, and enabling the walking vehicle 1 to be quickly braked to a stop.

[0036] The above specific embodiments are only several preferred embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant inspirations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking, including a walking vehicle (1), characterized in that: Wheel axles (4) are rotatably mounted on both sides of the lower surface of the traveling vehicle (1), and track wheels (5) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the wheel axles (4). A friction ring (6) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the wheel axle (4). A fixing plate (3) is fixedly mounted on the side of the outer surface of the traveling vehicle (1) close to the friction ring (6). A sleeve (2) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the fixing plate (3). A first piston (10) and a second piston (12) are slidably mounted inside the sleeve (2). A sliding rod (9) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the first piston (10), and the sliding rod (9) passes through the sleeve (2). A connecting rod (15) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second piston (12), and the connecting rod (15) passes through the fixing plate (3). The end of the connecting rod (15) is fixedly connected to a main brake block (16).

2. The anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 1, characterized in that: Oil (14) is provided inside the sleeve (2) between the first piston (10) and the second piston (12), and a plurality of through holes (23) are provided at equal intervals in a circular array outside the first piston (10).

3. The anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first coil spring (11) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the first piston (10), and a second coil spring (13) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the second piston (12).

4. The anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer side of the sleeve (2) is provided with a through-hole (26), and the slide rod (9) passes through the through-hole (26); the inner wall of the through-hole (26) is provided with an annular groove (25); the inside of the annular groove (25) is provided with a sealing ring (24), and the slide rod (9) passes through the sealing ring (24).

5. The anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the sliding rod (9) is fixedly connected to a collision block (8).

6. The anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 5, characterized in that: A buffer rubber block (7) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the collision block (8).

7. A crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: A fixed block (17) is fixedly installed at a position near the upper surface and the lower surface of the inner side of the fixed plate (3), an auxiliary brake block (18) is arranged between the two fixed blocks (17), and the main brake block (16) and the auxiliary brake block (18) are respectively located at positions on both sides of the friction ring (6), and a rack (21) is fixedly installed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the main brake block (16) and the auxiliary brake block (18), and a gear (22) is rotatably installed on the opposite side of the two fixed blocks (17), and the gear (22) and the rack (21) are meshed.

8. A crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 7, characterized in that: The two fixed blocks (17) are each provided with a dovetail chute (27) on one side opposite to the other, and the upper and lower surfaces of the main brake block (16) and the auxiliary brake block (18) are both fixedly mounted with a dovetail slider (20), and the dovetail slider (20) is located inside the dovetail chute (27).

9. The anti-collision device for a crane based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 7, characterized in that: The main brake block (16) and the auxiliary brake block (18) are both provided with arc-shaped concave surfaces (19) on opposite sides.

10. A crane anti-collision device based on elastic buffering and mechanical interlocking according to claim 7, characterized in that: A raised limiting strip (28) is fixedly provided on one side of the two fixed blocks (17) facing each other and close to the rack (21).

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