Waste residue accumulation high and steep slope grading combined ecological greening system and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste residue stacked high and steep slope graded combined ecological greening system and a construction method, and the construction method comprises the following steps: step 1, compiling a surrounding and stacking shaping scheme, and determining the shape or font pattern of a waste residue shaping body; secondly, a ridge platform is excavated; step 3, constructing a surrounding and stacking rapid shaping device; step 4, quickly shaping the waste gravel slag pile; 5, planting holes are dug in the waste residue shaping layer; 6, planting shrub, grass and tree plants in the planting holes; and step 7, spraying water for maintenance. The waste gravel slag heap is enclosed and molded into waste slag molded bodies in various shapes through the enclosing and stacking rapid molding device; shrub, grass and tree plants are planted on the waste residue plastic body for greening, multiple stages of ridges are excavated on the rock slope, and drainage ditches are formed, so that rainwater permeation is effectively reduced, waste gravel residue piles are washed, the stability of the slope is improved, the shape diversity of the waste residue plastic body is achieved through the surrounding and stacking rapid shaping device, and the requirement for the attractiveness of slope greening is met; construction efficiency is high, weather influence is small, and time and labor are saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a graded combined ecological greening system and construction method for high-steep slopes with waste residue accumulation, and is mainly applicable to ecological restoration projects for greening of high-steep slopes in mines, municipal engineering, railways, highways, etc., where there are many waste sand and stone slag piles on the slopes. Background Art

[0002] Open-pit mines cause great damage to the surface environment, and are prone to geological hazard risks, destruction of topographic and geomorphic landscapes, land resource damage and other geological environment problems. Due to the presence of many waste sand and stone slag piles on the slopes, without human intervention, the slag piles are likely to roll down the mountain bottom, causing certain hazards. At the same time, it is difficult for barren soil to achieve rapid vegetation coverage, seriously affecting the ecological environment.

[0003] For high-steep slopes with waste residue accumulation, the traditional slope greening technology has the following problems: (1) The traditional technology does not set graded platforms for slope cutting, resulting in rainwater infiltration or even flushing of waste sand and stone slag piles, leading to poor stability of the waste residue accumulation slope and landslide phenomena; (2) The quantity of waste sand and stone slag piles is large, and it is difficult to transport them out, with high costs. If directly greened on the waste sand and stone slag piles without shaping, the overall aesthetics is poor; (3) Although there are existing technologies for simple shaping of waste sand and stone slag piles, the overall shaping technology has low construction efficiency, the shape structure of the waste residue shaped body is single, and the aesthetics is insufficient, making it difficult to meet the aesthetic requirements of slope greening; (4) The existing waste residue shaped bodies lack effective enclosure and reinforcement structures. Under the action of natural weather such as wind and rain, the waste residue shaped bodies are prone to deformation in the later stage, requiring continuous manual modification in the later stage, or even reshaping, which is time-consuming and laborious.

[0004] Therefore, how to ensure the safety and stability of high-steep slopes with waste residue accumulation, reduce construction risks, reduce the impact of rainwater on the slopes, improve the shaping efficiency of waste sand and stone slag piles, achieve the diversity of the shapes of waste residue shaped bodies, meet the design requirements, improve aesthetics, while reducing the impact of natural weather, saving costs, and realizing rapid slope greening are the main problems to be solved currently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the stability of the slope by setting multi-level retaining platforms and slope cutting with drainage ditches, quickly shape waste sand and stone slag piles into waste residue shaped bodies of various shapes by using a surrounding and shaping device, and plant shrubs and herbaceous plants on the waste residue shaped bodies to achieve rapid slope greening.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The present invention relates to a construction method for a graded combined ecological greening system for high-steep slopes with waste residue accumulation, including the following specific steps: Step 1: Compile a surrounding and shaping plan to determine the shape or font pattern of the waste residue shaped body; Step 2. Excavate the bench: Clean the loose stones on the slope surface, conduct on-site measurement and layout, and conduct graded excavation of the bench for the rock slope according to the designed position and dimensions, and excavate longitudinal intercepting drainage ditches along the length direction of the bench; Step 3. Construct the quick shaping device for the waste sand and stone slag pile; Step 4. Quick shaping of the waste sand and stone slag pile: Use an excavator in cooperation with manual labor to quickly level the waste sand and stone slag pile on the rock slope to form a waste slag shaping layer. The waste slag shaping layer is laid flat in the quick shaping device for the waste sand and stone slag pile, and the periphery of the waste slag shaping layer is surrounded by the quick shaping device for the waste sand and stone slag pile. The waste slag shaping layer is shaped into the designed shape and dimensions through the quick shaping device for the waste sand and stone slag pile; Step 5. Excavate planting holes on the waste slag shaping layer; Step 6. Plant shrubs and herbs in the planting holes; Step 7. Spray water for maintenance.

[0007] Preferably, in Step 2, the longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch is cast with concrete, and a layer of wire mesh cover plate is covered on the top surface of the longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch.

[0008] Preferably, the quick shaping device for the waste sand and stone slag pile includes precast concrete shaping plates and anchor rods. Left and right round steel plates are respectively arranged at both ends of the precast concrete shaping plates, and anchoring holes are provided in the middle of the left and right round steel plates; when constructing the quick shaping device for the waste sand and stone slag pile, first drill grouting holes for installing the anchor rods on the rock slope, make the left and right round steel plates of two adjacent precast concrete shaping plates fit with each other, align the anchoring holes on the left and right round steel plates with the grouting holes, insert the anchor rods through the anchoring holes on the left and right round steel plates at the same time and then insert them into the grouting holes on the slope; after the anchor rods are inserted to the designed depth, grout the grouting holes to fix the anchor rods in the grouting holes; the precast concrete shaping plates are quickly locked on the rock slope through the anchor rods, so that the quick shaping device for the waste sand and stone slag pile is fixed on the rock slope.

[0009] Preferably, in Step 5, the horizontal spacing of the planting holes is 0.5 m, and the vertical spacing is 0.8 m.

[0010] Preferably, in Step 6, backfill planting native soil is prepared in advance. The backfill planting native soil is composed of loam, peat soil, decomposed organic matter, organic fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, binder, and biological improver. The seedlings of shrubs and herbs are wrapped with the backfill planting native soil in advance to form a nutrient cup seedling soil ball, and the nutrient cup seedling soil ball is filled into the planting holes.

[0011] Preferably, the specific method of Step 7 is as follows: Layout and lay green plant maintenance pipelines according to the shape of the waste slag shaping layer, and spray water for maintenance of the seedlings of shrubs and herbs through the maintenance pipelines.

[0012] The hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high-steep waste residue slopes is constructed by the construction method of the hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high-steep waste residue slopes.

[0013] The present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects: (1) The present invention sets multiple stepped platforms on the high-steep waste sand and stone slag slopes, and longitudinal drainage ditches are arranged in the stepped platforms, effectively reducing the rainwater infiltration and even washing of the waste sand and stone slag piles, improving the slope stability, and avoiding landslide phenomena.

[0014] (2) The present invention develops a rapid shaping device for surrounding the pile. By using this device, the waste sand and stone slag pile can be rapidly shaped, and it can be shaped into various shapes according to the design requirements, with strong diversity, meeting the aesthetic requirements of slope greening.

[0015] (3) The structure of the rapid shaping device for surrounding the pile of the present invention is simple, and it is anchored on the slope without demolition. The waste residue shaped body is surrounded and "enveloped" by this shaping device, with high construction efficiency, little influence by weather, no deformation in the later stage, and no need for decoration, saving time and effort. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is the front view of the high-steep waste residue slope of the present invention; Figure 2 is the side view of the high-steep waste residue slope of the present invention; Figure 3 is the sectional structure diagram of the hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high-steep waste residue slopes of the present invention; Figure 4 is the partial enlarged sectional view of the hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high-steep waste residue slopes of the present invention; Figure 5 is the front view of the hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high-steep waste residue slopes of the present invention; Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the waste residue shaped body surrounded and shaped by the rapid shaping device for surrounding the pile of the present invention; Figure 7 is the front view of the precast concrete shaping plate of the present invention; Figure 8 is the plan view of the precast concrete shaping plate of the present invention; Figure 9 is the front view of the assembled structure of the rapid shaping device for surrounding the pile of the present invention; Figure 10 is the plan view of the assembled structure of the rapid shaping device for surrounding the pile of the present invention; Wherein: 1 - ground; 2 - rocky slope; 3 - waste sand and gravel slag pile; 4 - slope top; 5 - bench; 6 - wire mesh cover plate; 7 - longitudinal intercepting and draining ditch; 8 - planting hole; 9 - backfilled planting soil; 10 - waste residue shaping layer; 11 - precast concrete shaping plate; 12 - planted herbaceous plants; 13 - waste residue shaped body; 14 - hinged round steel plate; 14-1 - left round steel plate; 14-2 - right round steel plate; 15 - anchor rod; 16 - anchoring hole; 17 - rapid shaping device for surrounding pile. Specific implementation manner

[0017] The slope trimming method, the flatness of the bench, the size of the drainage ditch, the shape of the precast concrete shaping plate, the production and precast requirements and the installation quality standard, the thickness of the waste residue shaping layer, the designed shape of the waste residue shaped body, the construction quality technical standard of the anchor rod, the mixing ratio formula of the planted soil, the plant selection requirements, etc. are not elaborated in this invention. The implementation manner of the structure involved in this invention is mainly elaborated.

[0018] As Figure 1-2 shown in the schematic diagram of the high and steep slope with waste residue accumulation, it mainly includes the ground 1, the rocky slope 2, the waste sand and gravel slag pile 3, and the slope top 4. There are multiple waste sand and gravel slag piles 3 on the rocky slope 2.

[0019] As Figure 3-5 shown in the structural diagram of the hierarchical combined ecological revegetation system for the high and steep slope with waste residue accumulation, it includes the ground 1, the rocky slope 2, the waste sand and gravel slag pile 3, the slope top 4, the bench 5, the wire mesh cover plate 6, the longitudinal intercepting and draining ditch 7, the planting hole 8, the backfilled planting soil 9, the waste residue shaping layer 10, the precast concrete shaping plate 11, the planted herbaceous plants 12, the waste residue shaped body 13, and the rapid shaping device for surrounding pile 17. The waste sand and gravel slag pile 3 is surrounded and shaped into various shaped waste residue shaped bodies 13 by the rapid shaping device for surrounding pile 17. The waste residue shaped body 13 is composed of the planting hole 8, the backfilled planting soil 9, the waste residue shaping layer 10, and the planted herbaceous plants 12. The shape of the waste residue shaped body 13 is determined by the shaping of the rapid shaping device for surrounding pile 17. The paving thickness of the waste residue shaping layer 10 is uniform. Planting holes 8 are drilled at uniform intervals on the waste residue shaping layer 10. Planted herbaceous plants 12 are planted in the planting holes 8 for greening. The backfilled planting soil 9 and the planted herbaceous plants 12 are made into the form of nutrient cup seedlings in advance, and the nutrient cup seedlings are directly placed into the planting holes 8 for planting. Multiple benches 5 are excavated on the rocky slope 2. The benches 5 are arranged in multiple levels from the slope top 4 to the ground 1. Longitudinal intercepting and draining ditches 7 are excavated in the benches 5. Wire mesh cover plates 6 are arranged at the top of the longitudinal intercepting and draining ditches 7 on the benches 5.

[0020] As Figure 6The shown quick shaping device for surrounding and piling includes waste sand and gravel slag pile 3, waste residue shaping layer 10, precast concrete shaping plate 11, anchor rod 15, and surrounding and piling quick shaping device 17. The surrounding and piling quick shaping device 17 is quickly fixed on the rock slope 2 through the anchor rod 15. The waste sand and gravel slag pile 3 is poured into the surrounding and piling quick shaping device 17 and leveled to form the waste residue shaping layer 10. The periphery of the waste residue shaping layer 10 is surrounded and shaped by the precast concrete shaping plate 11 of the surrounding and piling quick shaping device 17.

[0021] As Figure 7-10 Shown in the assembly structure diagram of the quick shaping device for surrounding and piling, the specific structure of the surrounding and piling quick shaping device 17 includes precast concrete shaping plate 11, articulated round steel disc 14, left round steel disc 14-1, right round steel disc 14-2, anchor rod 15, and anchoring hole 16. The surrounding and piling quick shaping device 17 is assembled by several precast concrete shaping plates 11 and can be assembled into various shaped patterns, fonts, etc. according to needs to meet the aesthetic requirements of the design.

[0022] Furthermore, the precast concrete shaping plate 11 is a standardized precast structure. Left round steel discs 14-1 and right round steel discs 14-2 are respectively arranged at both ends of the precast concrete shaping plate 11. Four left round steel discs 14-1 and four right round steel discs 14-2 are arranged up and down. Anchoring holes 16 are provided in the middle of the left round steel discs 14-1 and the right round steel discs 14-2. Among adjacent precast concrete shaping plates 11, the left round steel disc 14-1 on one precast concrete shaping plate 11 is mutually embedded with the right round steel disc 14-2 on another precast concrete shaping plate 11. The anchor rod 15 is inserted into the anchoring hole 16 to realize the rotational connection of adjacent two precast concrete shaping plates 11. Adjacent two precast concrete shaping plates 11 can rotate around the anchor rod 15, thereby the angle between adjacent precast concrete shaping plates 11.

[0023] The present invention also provides a construction method for the hierarchical combined ecological revegetation system of high-steep slopes with waste residue accumulation, including the following steps: Step 1: Compile the surrounding and piling shaping plan: According to the requirements of the design drawings and relevant documents, compile the construction plan for the hierarchical combined ecological revegetation system of high-steep slopes with waste residue accumulation. Determine the shape or font pattern of the waste residue shaping body 13 according to the size of the waste sand and gravel slag pile 3 on the rock slope 2 and the design concept.

[0024] Step 2: Excavate the bench: Clean the floating stones on the slope surface, conduct on-site measurement and setting out, and hierarchically excavate the bench 5 on the rock slope 2 according to the designed position and size. Excavate the longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch 7 along the length direction of the bench 5. The longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch 7 is poured with concrete. Cover a layer of wire mesh cover plate 6 on the top surface of the longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch 7 to effectively prevent sundries such as leaves from falling into the ditch.

[0025] Step 3: Rapid shaping device for construction enclosure pile 17: Install the rapid shaping device for construction enclosure pile 17 around the waste sand and gravel pile 3 on the rocky slope 2 according to the shape of the designed waste residue shaping body 13. First, try to assemble the rapid shaping device for construction enclosure pile 17. After the trial assembly is correct, drill grouting holes for installing anchor rods 15 on the rocky slope 2. After the left round steel discs 14-1 and the right round steel discs 14-2 of two adjacent precast concrete shaping plates 11 are mutually engaged, align the anchoring holes 16 on the left round steel disc 14-1 and the right round steel disc 14-2 with the grouting holes. After checking and ensuring it is correct, insert the anchor rods 15 through the anchoring holes 16 on the left round steel disc 14-1 and the right round steel disc 14-2 and then insert them into the grouting holes on the slope 2. After the anchor rods 15 are inserted to the designed depth, grout the grouting holes to fix the anchor rods 15 in the grouting holes. The precast concrete shaping plates 11 are quickly locked on the rocky slope 2 through the anchor rods 15, so that the rapid shaping device for construction enclosure pile 17 is fixed on the rocky slope 2.

[0026] Step 4: Rapid shaping of the waste sand and gravel pile: Use an excavator in cooperation with manual labor to quickly level the waste sand and gravel pile 3 on the rocky slope 2 to form a waste residue shaping layer 10. The waste residue shaping layer 10 is laid flat in the rapid shaping device for construction enclosure pile 17. The waste residue shaping layer 10 is surrounded by the rapid shaping device for construction enclosure pile 17, and the waste residue shaping layer 10 is shaped into the designed shape and size through the rapid shaping device for construction enclosure pile 17.

[0027] Step 5: Rapid hole excavation in the waste residue shaping layer: Use a rotary drill to quickly excavate planting holes 8 in the waste residue shaping layer 10. The horizontal spacing of the planting holes 8 is 0.5 m, and the vertical spacing is 0.8 m. According to the shape and size of the waste residue shaping body 13, quickly excavate a plurality of planting holes 8.

[0028] Step 6: Planting shrubs, herbs and plants in the holes: Prepare backfill planting soil 9 in advance. The backfill planting soil 9 is composed of loam, peat soil, decomposed organic matter, organic fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, binder, and biological improver. Wrap the seedlings of the shrubs, herbs and plants 12 together with the backfill planting soil 9 in advance to form a nutrient cup seedling soil ball, and fill the nutrient cup seedling soil ball into the planting holes 8.

[0029] Step 7: Spraying for maintenance: Arrange and lay green plant maintenance pipelines according to the shape of the waste residue shaping layer 10, and spray water to maintain the seedlings of the shrubs, herbs and plants 12 through the maintenance pipelines, improve the survival rate of the seedlings, and achieve rapid shaping and ecological restoration of the high and steep waste residue accumulation slope.

Claims

1. Construction method of a hierarchical combined ecological restoration system for high and steep waste residue accumulation slopes, characterized in that, It includes the following specific steps: Step 1: Compile a plan for surrounding and shaping, and determine the shape or font pattern of the waste residue shaped body (13); Step 2: Excavate the bench: Clean the floating stones on the slope surface, conduct on-site measurement and setting out, and conduct graded excavation of the bench (5) for the rock slope (2) according to the designed position and dimensions, and excavate the longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch (7) along the length direction of the bench (5); Step 3: Construct the surrounding and rapid shaping device (17); Step 4: Rapid shaping of the waste sand and gravel heap: Use an excavator in cooperation with manual labor to quickly level the waste sand and gravel heap (3) on the rock slope (2) to form a waste residue shaping layer (10). The waste residue shaping layer (10) is laid flat in the surrounding and rapid shaping device (17), and the periphery of the waste residue shaping layer (10) is surrounded by the surrounding and rapid shaping device (17). The waste residue shaping layer (10) is shaped into the designed shape and size through the surrounding and rapid shaping device (17); Step 5: Excavate planting holes (8) on the waste residue shaping layer (10); Step 6: Plant shrubs and herbs (12) in the planting holes (8); Step 7: Spray water for maintenance.

2. The construction method of the hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high and steep waste residue accumulation slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 2, the longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch (7) is cast with concrete, and a layer of wire mesh cover plate (6) is covered on the top surface of the longitudinal intercepting drainage ditch (7).

3. The construction method of the hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high-steep slopes of waste residue accumulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surrounding and rapid shaping device (17) includes a precast concrete shaping plate (11) and an anchor rod (15). Left and right round steel plates 14-1 and 14-2 are respectively arranged at both ends of the precast concrete shaping plate (11), and anchoring holes (16) are provided in the middle of the left and right round steel plates 14-1 and 14-2; When constructing the surrounding and rapid shaping device (17), first drill grouting holes for installing the anchor rod (15) on the rock slope (2), and after the left and right round steel plates 14-1 and 14-2 of two adjacent precast concrete shaping plates (11) are mutually embedded, align the anchoring holes (16) on the left and right round steel plates 14-1 and 14-2 with the grouting holes, and insert the anchor rod (15) through the anchoring holes (16) on the left and right round steel plates 14-1 and 14-2 and then insert it into the grouting holes on the slope (2); After the anchor rod (15) is inserted to the designed depth, grout the grouting holes to fix the anchor rod (15) in the grouting holes; The precast concrete shaping plate (11) is quickly locked on the rock slope (2) through the anchor rod (15), so that the surrounding and rapid shaping device (17) is fixed on the rock slope (2).

4. The construction method of the hierarchical combined ecological revegetation system for high and steep waste residue slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 5, the horizontal spacing of the planting holes (8) is 0.5 m, and the vertical spacing is 0.8 m.

5. The construction method of the hierarchical combined ecological restoration system for high and steep waste residue accumulation slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, In Step 6, prepare the backfill planting native soil (9) in advance. The backfill planting native soil (9) is composed of loam, peat soil, decomposed organic matter, organic fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, binder, and biological improver. Wrap the seedlings of the shrubs and herbs (12) and the backfill planting native soil (9) together in advance to form a nutrient cup seedling soil ball, and fill the nutrient cup seedling soil ball into the planting holes (8).

6. The construction method of the hierarchical combined ecological greening system for high-steep waste residue slopes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method of Step 7 is as follows: Arrange and lay the greening plant maintenance pipeline according to the shape of the waste residue shaping layer (10), and spray water for maintaining the seedlings of the shrubs and herbs (12) through the maintenance pipeline.

7. The hierarchical combined ecological restoration system for high-steep slopes of waste residue accumulation is constructed by the construction method of the hierarchical combined ecological restoration system for high-steep slopes of waste residue accumulation according to any one of claims 1-6.

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