A method for revegetation of a mine spoil
By crushing and screening waste rock tailings in mining waste sites, producing vegetated concrete bricks, combining wetland ponds and soil improvement, planting biological crusts and grass seeds, and introducing external water sources for purification, the problem of difficult ecological restoration of mining waste sites has been solved, achieving rapid vegetation recovery and improved ecosystem stability.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JINCHUAN GROUP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
The ecological environment of mining wastelands is difficult to restore naturally, leading to environmental pollution and ecosystem instability.
By crushing and screening waste rock and tailings from mining waste sites, modified slag powder is produced and made into vegetated concrete bricks. Combined with wetland ponds and soil improvement measures, biological crusts and grass seeds are planted, and external water sources are introduced for purification treatment to carry out landform and soil modification to promote vegetation restoration.
Rapidly increase vegetation cover and abundance, improve soil micro-ecological environment, enhance the stability of mining area ecosystem, reduce environmental pollution, and improve land utilization.
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine vegetation restoration, and more specifically to a method for vegetation restoration of abandoned mining sites. Background Technology
[0002] The traditional development model of predatory mining, extensive management and operation of mineral resources has caused serious pollution and damage to the mining area and its surrounding ecological environment.
[0003] The formation of rubble pits is an inevitable product of mining activities, and their scale and number increase continuously as mining progresses. Because rubble pits often occupy large amounts of land and cause some environmental damage, their ecological restoration and management are particularly important.
[0004] The main goal of ecological restoration of rubble quarries is to improve the site's ecological environment, restore its land use function, reduce environmental pollution, and promote the stability and sustainable development of the ecosystem. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vegetation restoration method for mining wastelands, in order to solve the problem that the ecological environment of existing mining wastelands is difficult to restore naturally and deteriorates, causing environmental pollution.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0007] A method for vegetation restoration of mining wasteland includes the following steps:
[0008] (1) The waste rock in the mining rubble stockpile area in the Northwest region is crushed into 10-30mm crushed stone for later use; the tailings slag piled up in the site is crushed to less than 10mm, screened into coarse slag, medium slag and fine slag and piled up separately; among them, the coarse slag has a particle size greater than 3mm, the medium slag has a particle size between 1-3mm, and the fine slag has a particle size less than 1mm. The fine slag is then fed into a ball mill and ground into 40-60 mesh slag powder. The slag powder is modified to obtain modified slag powder, and the modified slag powder is used as the main material to make planted concrete bricks.
[0009] (2) Landform modification: Several wetland ponds and one clear water pond are excavated in an alternating manner within the site. The walls of the wetland ponds are paved with vegetation concrete bricks. Adjacent wetland ponds are connected by pipes. The last wetland pond is connected to the clear water pond. Three layers of filler are laid in the wetland ponds. From bottom to top, the three layers of filler are the first layer containing crushed stone, the second layer containing coarse slag, and the third layer containing medium slag. The ground outside the wetland ponds is leveled by shoveling and filling in the low areas. When filling in the low areas, excess crushed stone and coarse slag are used to fill and compact the ground in layers. Vegetation concrete bricks are laid on the leveled ground outside the wetland ponds.
[0010] (3) Slope treatment: dangerous rocks are removed and slopes are reduced around the rubble pile area. Several drainage ditches are excavated and connected to the wetland pond. Fish scale pits are excavated in the slope areas where drainage ditches are not excavated.
[0011] (4) Soil improvement: The soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond is treated to improve the soil. The improved soil is mixed with water to make improved mud slurry. A layer of improved mud slurry is sprayed on the slope, the third filler layer in the wetland pond and the planted concrete bricks outside the wetland pond through a mud slurry pump.
[0012] (5) Vegetation restoration: Spray biological crust seed source and grass seed on the slope where the improved mud slurry is sprayed, and cover with a small amount of topsoil. Plant locally selected and cultivated shrubs in the fish scale pit, and plant reeds and / or cattails in the wetland pond. Drain external water sources into the wetland pond, and introduce the water flowing out of the wetland pond into the clear water pond. After sowing grass seeds in the area outside the wetland pond, cover it with shade netting. Remove the shade netting after the grass seeds grow. Lay sprinkler irrigation facilities in the shrub and grass planting areas, and supply water to the sprinkler irrigation facilities in the clear water pond.
[0013] Furthermore, the modified slag powder is obtained by reacting slag powder and sodium oxalate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10-20mL at 30-40℃ for 2-4 days, wherein the concentration of sodium oxalate solution is 1-3mol / L.
[0014] Furthermore, the wetland pond is 8-10m long, 4-5m wide, and 1.2-1.6m deep.
[0015] Furthermore, the planted concrete brick is obtained by mixing, molding, and curing modified slag powder, aluminum powder, cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, sodium polyacrylate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and water in a weight ratio of 40-60:1-2:20-30:0:05-0.5:0.01-0.05:0.01-0.03:15-25.
[0016] Furthermore, the first filler layer is a mixture of crushed stone and zeolite.
[0017] Furthermore, the second filler layer is a mixture of coarse slag and perlite.
[0018] Furthermore, the third packing layer is a mixture of medium slag and fly ash.
[0019] Furthermore, the improved soil is obtained by mixing the soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond with straw charcoal, nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, organic fertilizer, and calcined attapulgite clay in a weight ratio of 100:1-1.5:0.001-0.01:2-3:0.1-1, covering it with a film and piling it up for 5-7 days. During the piling period, the temperature is below 50°C, and the pile is turned over 1-3 times a day.
[0020] Furthermore, the biological crust seed source is a mixture of lichen crust and algal crust in a weight ratio of 50:15, with an inoculation amount of 1-2 kg / m². 2 .
[0021] Furthermore, the shrubs are one or more of the following: red willow, four-winged thorngrass, camel hair thorn, and golden leaf wormwood.
[0022] Furthermore, the grass species are a mixture of various grass species in any weight ratio, including *Eragrostis pilosa*, *Heliotropium indicum*, *Stipa scoparia*, *Liriope muscari*, and *Salsola collina*. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention transforms the landform after treating waste rock and tailings in mining rubble dumps, and restores vegetation after improving the soil of mining rubble dumps and slopes, thereby improving the soil micro-ecological environment and rapidly increasing vegetation coverage and abundance; combined with water conservancy measures, it can purify and treat external water sources, not only improving the stability of the mining area ecosystem and reducing environmental pollution in the mining area, but also increasing the land utilization rate of mining rubble dumps.
[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention transforms the landform after treating the waste rock tailings in the mining rubble stockpile, and restores the vegetation after improving the soil of the mining rubble stockpile and slope, thereby improving the soil micro-ecological environment and rapidly increasing the vegetation coverage and abundance; combined with water conservancy measures, it can purify and treat external water sources, which not only improves the stability of the mining area ecosystem and reduces environmental pollution in the mining area, but also improves the land utilization rate of the mining rubble stockpile. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0025] Example 1
[0026] This embodiment provides a vegetation restoration method for mining wastelands, applicable to vegetation restoration of metal ore dump areas in arid Northwest China.
[0027] The waste materials piled up in the rubble dump area include waste rock generated during the mining process, stripped overburden, tailings generated after mineral processing, and mud and sand deposited in mine drainage and wastewater.
[0028] Waste rock in the rubble yard is crushed into 10-30mm gravel for later use; tailings slag piled up in the yard is crushed to less than 10mm, screened into coarse slag, medium slag, and fine slag and piled separately. The particle size of medium slag is between 1-3mm, and the particle size of coarse slag is greater than 3mm. Fine slag with a particle size of less than 1mm is sent to a ball mill to be ground into 40-mesh slag powder. The slag powder is modified to obtain modified slag powder, which is used as the main material to make planted concrete bricks.
[0029] in,
[0030] Modified slag powder is obtained by reacting slag powder and sodium oxalate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10mL at 30℃ for 4 days. The concentration of sodium oxalate solution is 1mol / L.
[0031] Plant-grown concrete bricks are made by mixing modified slag powder, aluminum powder, cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, sodium polyacrylate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and water in a weight ratio of 40:1:30:0:05-0.5:0.05:0.03:25, molding, and curing.
[0032] Several wetland ponds and one clear water pond were excavated in an alternating pattern within the site. The walls of the wetland ponds were paved with vegetated concrete bricks. Adjacent wetland ponds were connected by pipes. The last wetland pond was connected to the clear water pond. Three layers of filler were laid in the wetland ponds, from bottom to top: the first layer containing crushed stone, the second layer containing coarse slag, and the third layer containing medium slag. The ground outside the wetland ponds was leveled by shoveling and filling in the low areas. When filling in the low areas, excess crushed stone and coarse slag were used to fill and compact the ground in layers. Vegetated concrete bricks were then laid on the leveled ground outside the wetland ponds.
[0033] In the mining rubble stockpile area, waste rock is mainly used as filler, while some of the tailings slag is used as filler and some as raw material for planted concrete brick products.
[0034] Vegetated concrete bricks can improve the stability and flatness of wetland ponds in rubble pile areas and promote vegetation growth.
[0035] The wetland pond is 8m long, 4m wide, and 1.2m deep. The first filler layer is a mixture of crushed stone and zeolite, the second filler layer is a mixture of coarse slag and perlite, and the third filler layer is a mixture of medium slag and fly ash.
[0036] Artificial wetlands are used to alter the landform, improve the water quality of the original rubble pile area, and enhance its aesthetic appeal.
[0037] The slopes surrounding the rubble yard were cleared of dangerous rocks and the slopes were reduced. Several drainage ditches were excavated and connected to the wetland ponds. Fish-scale pits were excavated in an alternating pattern on the slopes where drainage ditches were not dug.
[0038] The soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond is treated to improve the soil. The improved soil is then mixed with water to make improved mud slurry. A layer of improved mud slurry is then sprayed onto the slope, the third filler layer inside the wetland pond, and the planted concrete bricks outside the wetland pond using a mud slurry pump.
[0039] Soil improvement and mud spraying are beneficial to vegetation growth and improve soil stability in the site.
[0040] The improved soil is obtained by mixing the soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond with straw charcoal, nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, organic fertilizer, and calcined attapulgite clay in a weight ratio of 100:1:0.001:2:0.1, covering it with a plastic film and piling it up for 5 days. During the piling period, the temperature is kept below 50℃, and the pile is turned over 1-3 times a day.
[0041] On the slope where the improved mud slurry is sprayed, biological crust seed source and grass seeds are sprayed and covered with a small amount of topsoil. Locally selected and cultivated shrubs are planted in the fish scale pits, and reeds and / or cattails are planted in the wetland ponds. External water sources are diverted into the wetland ponds, and the water flowing out of the wetland ponds is introduced into the clear water pond. After grass seeds are sown in the area outside the wetland ponds, shade nets are covered. After the grass seeds grow, the shade nets are removed. Sprinkler irrigation facilities are laid in the shrub and grass planting areas, and the clear water ponds supply water to the sprinkler irrigation facilities.
[0042] The biological crust seed source is a mixture of lichen crust and algal crust in a weight ratio of 50:15, with an inoculum size of 1 kg / m². 2 The shrubs and greenery consist of red willow and four-winged sea buckthorn. Grass species are a mixture of various grasses in any weight ratio, including thrush, tiger tail grass, needlegrass, camel thorn, and pigweed. Targeted vegetation restoration is carried out in different areas to rapidly increase vegetation cover and abundance.
[0043] External water sources can include urban or rural domestic sewage and rainwater discharge. After being injected into the wetland pond, the external water is purified and used directly as a sprinkler irrigation source. This not only helps purify the external water source but also reduces the water quality requirements of the sprinkler irrigation system.
[0044] Example 2
[0045] This embodiment provides a vegetation restoration method for mining wastelands, applicable to vegetation restoration in fluorite rubble dump areas in arid Northwest China.
[0046] Waste rock in the rubble yard is crushed into 10-30mm gravel for later use; tailings slag piled up in the yard is crushed to less than 10mm, screened into coarse slag, medium slag, and fine slag and piled separately. The particle size of medium slag is between 1-3mm, and the particle size of coarse slag is greater than 3mm. Fine slag with a particle size of less than 1mm is sent to a ball mill to be ground into 60-mesh slag powder. The slag powder is modified to obtain modified slag powder, which is used as the main material to make planted concrete bricks.
[0047] in,
[0048] Modified slag powder is obtained by reacting slag powder and sodium oxalate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:20mL at 40℃ for 2 days. The concentration of sodium oxalate solution is 3mol / L.
[0049] Planted concrete bricks are made by mixing modified slag powder, aluminum powder, cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, sodium polyacrylate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and water in a weight ratio of 60:2:20:0:05-0.5:0.05:0.03:15, molding, and curing.
[0050] Several wetland ponds and one clear water pond were excavated in an alternating pattern within the site. The walls of the wetland ponds were paved with vegetated concrete bricks. Adjacent wetland ponds were connected by pipes. The last wetland pond was connected to the clear water pond. Three layers of filler were laid in the wetland ponds, from bottom to top: the first layer containing crushed stone, the second layer containing coarse slag, and the third layer containing medium slag. The ground outside the wetland ponds was leveled by shoveling and filling in the low areas. When filling in the low areas, excess crushed stone and coarse slag were used to fill and compact the ground in layers. Vegetated concrete bricks were then laid on the leveled ground outside the wetland ponds.
[0051] The wetland pond is 10m long, 5m wide, and 1.6m deep; the first filler layer is a mixture of crushed stone and zeolite, the second filler layer is a mixture of coarse slag and perlite, and the third filler layer is a mixture of medium slag and fly ash.
[0052] The slopes surrounding the rubble yard were cleared of dangerous rocks and the slopes were reduced. Several drainage ditches were excavated and connected to the wetland ponds. Fish-scale pits were excavated in staggered patterns on the slopes where drainage ditches were not dug.
[0053] The soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond is treated to improve the soil. The improved soil is then mixed with water to make improved mud slurry. A layer of improved mud slurry is then sprayed onto the slope, the third filler layer inside the wetland pond, and the planted concrete bricks outside the wetland pond using a mud slurry pump.
[0054] The improved soil is obtained by mixing the soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond with straw charcoal, nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, organic fertilizer, and calcined attapulgite clay in a weight ratio of 100:1.5:0.01:3:1, covering it with a plastic film and piling it up for 7 days. During the piling period, the temperature is kept below 50℃, and the pile is turned over 1-3 times a day.
[0055] On the slope where the improved mud slurry is sprayed, biological crust seed source and grass seeds are sprayed and covered with a small amount of topsoil. Locally selected and cultivated shrubs are planted in the fish scale pits, and reeds and / or cattails are planted in the wetland ponds. External water sources are diverted into the wetland ponds, and the water flowing out of the wetland ponds is introduced into the clear water pond. After grass seeds are sown in the area outside the wetland ponds, shade nets are covered. After the grass seeds grow, the shade nets are removed. Sprinkler irrigation facilities are laid in the shrub and grass planting areas, and the clear water ponds supply water to the sprinkler irrigation facilities.
[0056] The biological crust seed source is a mixture of lichen crust and algal crust in a weight ratio of 50:15, with an inoculum size of 2 kg / m². 2 The shrubs and greenery consist of four-winged quinquefolia and camel hair quinquefolia. The grass species are a mixture of various grasses in any weight ratio, including thrush, tiger tail grass, needlegrass, camel thorn, and pigweed.
[0057] Example 3
[0058] This embodiment provides a vegetation restoration method for mining wastelands, applicable to vegetation restoration in open-pit granite mining rubble dump areas in arid Northwest China.
[0059] Waste rock in the rubble yard is crushed into 10-30mm gravel for later use; tailings slag piled up in the yard is crushed to less than 10mm, screened into coarse slag, medium slag, and fine slag and piled separately. The particle size of medium slag is between 1-3mm, and the particle size of coarse slag is greater than 3mm. Fine slag with a particle size of less than 1mm is sent to a ball mill to be ground into 40-60 mesh slag powder. The slag powder is modified to obtain modified slag powder, which is used as the main material to make planted concrete bricks.
[0060] in,
[0061] Modified slag powder is obtained by reacting slag powder and sodium oxalate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:15mL at 35℃ for 3 days. The concentration of sodium oxalate solution is 2mol / L.
[0062] Planted concrete bricks are made by mixing modified slag powder, aluminum powder, cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, sodium polyacrylate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and water in a weight ratio of 45:1.5:25:0:25:0.03:0.02:20, molding, and curing.
[0063] Several wetland ponds and one clear water pond were excavated in an alternating pattern within the site. The walls of the wetland ponds were paved with vegetated concrete bricks. Adjacent wetland ponds were connected by pipes. The last wetland pond was connected to the clear water pond. Three layers of filler were laid in the wetland ponds, from bottom to top: the first layer containing crushed stone, the second layer containing coarse slag, and the third layer containing medium slag. The ground outside the wetland ponds was leveled by shoveling and filling in the low areas. When filling in the low areas, excess crushed stone and coarse slag were used to fill and compact the ground in layers. Vegetated concrete bricks were then laid on the leveled ground outside the wetland ponds.
[0064] The wetland pond is 9m long, 4.5m wide, and 1.5m deep. The first filler layer is a mixture of crushed stone and zeolite, the second filler layer is a mixture of coarse slag and perlite, and the third filler layer is a mixture of medium slag and fly ash.
[0065] The slopes surrounding the rubble yard were cleared of dangerous rocks and the slopes were reduced. Several drainage ditches were excavated and connected to the wetland ponds. Fish-scale pits were excavated in staggered patterns on the slopes where drainage ditches were not dug.
[0066] The soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond is treated to improve the soil. The improved soil is then mixed with water to make improved mud slurry. A layer of improved mud slurry is then sprayed onto the slope, the third filler layer inside the wetland pond, and the planted concrete bricks outside the wetland pond using a mud slurry pump.
[0067] The improved soil is obtained by mixing the soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond with straw charcoal, nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, organic fertilizer, and calcined attapulgite clay in a weight ratio of 100:1.2:0.005:2.5:0.5, covering it with a film and piling it up for 6 days. During the piling period, the temperature is kept below 50℃, and the pile is turned over 1-3 times a day.
[0068] On the slope where the improved mud slurry is sprayed, biological crust seed source and grass seeds are sprayed and covered with a small amount of topsoil. Locally selected and cultivated shrubs are planted in the fish scale pits, and reeds and / or cattails are planted in the wetland ponds. External water sources are diverted into the wetland ponds, and the water flowing out of the wetland ponds is introduced into the clear water pond. After grass seeds are sown in the area outside the wetland ponds, shade nets are covered. After the grass seeds grow, the shade nets are removed. Sprinkler irrigation facilities are laid in the shrub and grass planting areas, and the clear water ponds supply water to the sprinkler irrigation facilities.
[0069] The biological crust seed source is a mixture of lichen crust and algal crust at a weight ratio of 50:15, with an inoculum size of 1.5 kg / m². 2 The shrubs and greenery are golden euonymus. The grass species are a mixture of various grasses in any weight ratio, including sage, tiger tail grass, needlegrass, camel thorn, and pigweed.
[0070] Although specific technical solutions of the present invention have been described in detail through embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to replace them, without departing from the direction of the present invention or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art should understand that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for vegetation restoration of mining wasteland, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Waste rock and tailings treatment: Waste rock in mining rubble dumps in Northwest China is crushed into 10-30mm crushed stone for later use; tailings slag piled up in the dump is crushed to less than 10mm, screened into coarse slag, medium slag, and fine slag and piled separately; among them, the coarse slag has a particle size greater than 3mm, the medium slag has a particle size between 1-3mm, and the fine slag has a particle size less than 1mm. The fine slag is then fed into a ball mill and ground into 40-60 mesh slag powder. The slag powder is modified to obtain modified slag powder, which is used as the main material to make planted concrete bricks; the modified slag powder is used as the main material to make planted concrete bricks. The slag powder is obtained by reacting slag powder and sodium oxalate solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1g:10-20mL at 30-40℃ for 2-4 days, wherein the concentration of sodium oxalate solution is 1-3mol / L; the planted concrete brick is obtained by mixing modified slag powder, aluminum powder, cement, polycarboxylate superplasticizer, sodium polyacrylate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and water at a weight ratio of 40-60:1-2:20-30:0:05-0.5:0.01-0.05:0.01-0.03:15-25, molding, and curing. (2) Landform modification: Several wetland ponds and one clear water pond are excavated in an alternating manner within the site. The walls of the wetland ponds are paved with vegetation concrete bricks. Adjacent wetland ponds are connected by pipes. The last wetland pond is connected to the clear water pond. Three layers of filler are laid in the wetland ponds. The three layers of filler are, from bottom to top, the first filler layer containing crushed stone, the second filler layer containing coarse slag, and the third filler layer containing medium slag. The ground outside the wetland ponds is leveled by shoveling and filling in the low areas. When filling in the low areas, excess crushed stone and coarse slag are used to fill and compact the ground in layers. Vegetation concrete bricks are laid on the leveled ground outside the wetland ponds. The first filler layer is a mixture of crushed stone and zeolite, the second filler layer is a mixture of coarse slag and perlite, and the third filler layer is a mixture of medium slag and fly ash. (3) Slope treatment: dangerous rocks are removed and slopes are reduced around the rubble pile area. Several drainage ditches are excavated and connected to the wetland pond. Fish scale pits are excavated in the slope areas where drainage ditches are not excavated. (4) Soil improvement: The soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond is improved and water is added to make improved mud slurry. A layer of improved mud slurry is sprayed on the slope, the third filler layer in the wetland pond and the planted concrete bricks outside the wetland pond through a mud pump. The improved soil is obtained by mixing the soil excavated during the excavation of the wetland pond with straw charcoal, nitrogen-fixing and phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, organic fertilizer and calcined attapulgite clay in a weight ratio of 100:1-1.5:0.001-0.01:2-3:0.1-1, covering it with a film and piling it up for 5-7 days. During the piling period, the temperature is below 50℃ and the pile is turned over 1-3 times a day. (5) Vegetation restoration: Spray biological crust seed source and grass seed on the slope where the improved mud slurry is sprayed, and cover with a small amount of topsoil. Plant locally selected and cultivated shrubs in the fish scale pit, and plant reeds and / or cattails in the wetland pond. Drain external water sources into the wetland pond, and introduce the water flowing out of the wetland pond into the clear water pond. After sowing grass seeds in the area outside the wetland pond, cover it with shade netting. Remove the shade netting after the grass seeds grow. Lay sprinkler irrigation facilities in the shrub and grass planting areas, and supply water to the sprinkler irrigation facilities in the clear water pond.
2. The vegetation restoration method for a mining wasteland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wetland pond is 8-10m long, 4-5m wide, and 1.2-1.6m deep.
3. The vegetation restoration method for a mining wasteland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biological crust seed source is a mixture of lichen crust and algal crust in a 50:15 weight ratio, with an inoculum amount of 1-2 kg / m². 2 .
4. The vegetation restoration method for a mining wasteland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shrubs and green plants are one or more of the following: red willow, four-winged thorngrass, camel hair thorn, and golden leaf euonymus.
5. The vegetation restoration method for a mining wasteland according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grass species are a mixture of grass species in any weight ratio, including *Euphorbia hirta*, *Heliotropium indicum*, *Stipa argyrophylla*, *Erigeron laurentii*, and *Phyllostachys pubescens*.