A dam water conservation ecological vegetation re-greening device suitable for tailing pond

Abstract

The application discloses a dam building water preserving ecological vegetation re-greening device suitable for a tailing pond and belongs to the technical field of tailing pond ecological restoration. The device is mainly composed of a leakage-proof film, a drainage pipeline, a water supply pipeline, a dam building structure and growth substrate. The leakage-proof film prevents water loss and acid-alkali water reverse osmosis; the drainage pipeline timely drains excess accumulated water, guarantees tailing pond structure stability and vegetation root system health; the water supply pipeline can flexibly control vegetation water replenishment; the dam building structure changes water flow path, fixes the leakage-proof film; and the growth substrate provides a basis for vegetation growth. The components synergistically act, effectively solve problems of tailing pond surface looseness, poor water preserving performance, low vegetation survival rate and acid-alkali over standard and the like, powerfully promote tailing pond ecological vegetation restoration and environment governance and have remarkable application potential.

Description

I. Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tailings dam ecological restoration technology, specifically to a tailings dam embankment water conservation and ecological vegetation restoration device, which aims to solve problems such as tailings dam water conservation, vegetation restoration, and addressing issues such as excessive acid and alkali levels and heavy metal pollution. II. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings ponds are sites used to store mineral processing waste. The loose tailings sand on their surface leads to structural instability, and the lack of vegetation cover causes a series of environmental problems, such as dust pollution and soil erosion. Furthermore, most tailings ponds have severely excessive levels of acidity, alkalinity, heavy metals, and oil, far exceeding the tolerance range for normal plant growth. Existing remediation methods are insufficient to effectively address water retention, vegetation survival, and the problems of acidity, alkalinity, heavy metals, and oil pollution. Therefore, innovative revegetation devices are urgently needed to promote the ecological restoration of tailings ponds. III. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (I) Purpose of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device that can effectively overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and realize the construction of embankments to conserve water and restore ecological vegetation in tailings ponds, so as to solve many environmental problems faced by tailings ponds.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] 1. Leak-proof membrane: Made of biodegradable plastic film, it tightly covers the tailings pond area on the surface of the tailings dam. Its function is to effectively prevent water from seeping into the tailings dam due to gravity and other factors, reducing water loss; at the same time, it can prevent acidic or alkaline water from the tailings dam from seeping back into the pond, creating a stable and suitable moisture and pH environment for vegetation growth. The leak-proof membrane is firmly connected to the embankment structure using anchors such as ground nails, plastic ropes, and stones to prevent it from being blown away, shifted, or damaged.

[0007] 2. Drainage Pipes: Based on the complex terrain of the tailings dam and the actual drainage needs, the pipes are precisely laid at specific depths within the tailings pond. Each section of the pipe has several drainage holes to promptly drain excess water, ensuring the structural stability of the tailings dam and the health of the vegetation roots. Filter components are installed at the drainage holes to prevent clogging by debris within the pond, and the direction of the drainage holes and the tight installation of the filter components ensure smooth drainage and prevent blockages.

[0008] 3. Water supply pipes: Scientifically laid above the pre-designated vegetation growth area within the tailings pond, each section of the water supply pipe is evenly equipped with several water inlets, specifically for replenishing water to the vegetation when it is short of water. It connects to an external water source and is equipped with a valve device to control the water flow. This valve device can flexibly and accurately control the water flow and water supply interval based on the vegetation type, growth stage, and real-time water conditions of the tailings pond, achieving a scientific and rational water supply.

[0009] 4. Embankment Structure: Composed of multiple embankments spaced at intervals on the surface of the tailings dam. The embankment height is strictly controlled between 20-50 cm, and the width between 20-60 cm. The embankment alters the water flow path, prevents excessive water loss, prolongs the water retention time in the embankment, improves water utilization, and also serves to secure the leak-proof membrane.

[0010] 5. Growth substrate: It is composed of high-quality soil and other organic matter (such as leaf mold or one or more organic fertilizers), filling the pond to a height of 20-40 cm. This provides an ideal foundation for the growth of diverse vegetation required for ecological restoration and is in line with the reasonable investment budget for ecological restoration control.

[0011] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0012] The components of this invention work closely together and synergistically to comprehensively address key issues such as loose surface, poor water retention, low vegetation survival rate, and excessive acid and alkali in tailings ponds, which are complex in various situations. This invention effectively promotes the ecological restoration and environmental governance of tailings ponds and has outstanding application potential and broad development prospects in the field of tailings pond ecological restoration. IV. Description of the attached drawings

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention, in which 1 is a leak-proof membrane, 2 is a dam (dam structure), 3 is a water supply pipe, 4 is a growth substrate, and 5 is a drainage pipe. This schematic diagram clearly illustrates the positional relationship and overall structure of the components of the device of the present invention, which helps in understanding the working principle and construction of the device. V. Detailed Implementation Methods

[0014] (I) Example 1 (Tailure Dam of Abandoned Mine in Hengshanli, Lingui District, Guilin City)

[0015] 1. First, a comprehensive and detailed survey of the tailings dam site is conducted, including topographic features, area measurement, assessment of water accumulation and drainage, and precise detection of pH levels.

[0016] 2. Based on the survey results, carefully plan and design the layout of the embankment structure, determine the precise location, reasonable height, appropriate spacing and other key parameters of the embankment, and organize a professional construction team to complete the embankment construction work.

[0017] 3. Smoothly cover the biodegradable leak-proof membrane over the pond area, and use anchors such as ground nails, plastic ropes, and stones to secure it tightly and firmly to the pond structure, thus completing the installation and construction of the pond device.

[0018] 4. Lay drainage pipes at an appropriate depth within the pit according to design requirements, ensuring the drainage holes are oriented correctly and the filter components are installed tightly without any leaks.

[0019] 5. Fill the growth substrate, ensuring uniform filling and reaching the specified height.

[0020] 6. Lay water supply pipes and connect them to a reliable external water source, and finely adjust the valve devices to ensure normal and accurate control of water flow.

[0021] 7. After the device is put into use, professional personnel will be arranged to conduct regular inspections and maintenance, closely monitor the vegetation growth, tailings dam moisture changes and component operation, adjust water supply pipeline valves and devices in a timely and flexible manner to control water flow, and regularly clean drainage pipeline filter components to prevent blockage, so as to ensure the long-term stable and efficient operation of the device and continue to play its key role in ecological vegetation restoration and environmental management of the tailings dam.

[0022] (II) Example 2 (Simulated tailings dam site of China Nonferrous Metal Mining Group Luanshya Company)

[0023] 1. Simulate and construct the site environment of the tailings dam of China Nonferrous Metals Group Luanshya Company, taking into full account its special conditions, such as complex tailings composition, poor water retention capacity, and severe acid, alkali and heavy metal pollution.

[0024] 2. Install the device of the invention in a simulated field according to the installation requirements of the above-mentioned device, and ensure that each component is installed accurately.

[0025] 3. After the device was put into use, professional personnel were arranged to maintain it regularly and carefully. After a long period of careful observation of the vegetation growth, it was found that the diverse ecological vegetation in the simulated tailings pond of China Nonferrous Metals Group Luanxia Company showed a good growth trend, which fully verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the device of the present invention in dealing with complex tailings pond environments.

Claims

1. A water-conserving, ecological vegetation restoration device suitable for tailings ponds, characterized in that, include: - Leak-proof membrane, made of biodegradable plastic film, is used to tightly cover the embankment area on the surface of the tailings pond to prevent water from seeping into the tailings pond and acidic or alkaline water from the tailings pond from seeping back into the embankment. - Drainage pipes are laid at specific depths within the tailings pond according to the tailings pond topography and drainage needs. Each section of the drainage pipe is equipped with several drainage holes, and filter components are installed at the drainage holes to prevent debris from clogging them, in order to drain excess water. - Water supply pipes are laid above the pre-designed vegetation growth area in the pond. Each section of the water supply pipe is evenly equipped with several water supply holes, which are connected to an external water source and equipped with a valve device to control the water flow, so as to supplement water for the vegetation when it is short of water. - The embankment structure consists of multiple embankments spaced apart on the surface of the tailings dam. The embankments are 20-50 cm high and 20-60 cm wide, and are used to change the water flow path, prevent water from being lost too quickly, and fix the leak-proof membrane. - The growth substrate, composed of high-quality soil and other organic matter, is filled in the pit to a height of 20-40 cm to provide a foundation for vegetation growth.

2. The ecological vegetation restoration device for tailings ponds with embankment construction for water conservation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The leak-proof membrane is fixedly connected to the embankment structure by fasteners such as ground nails, plastic ropes, and stones.

3. The ecological vegetation restoration device for tailings ponds with embankment construction for water conservation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drainage holes of the drainage pipe are oriented in the correct direction, and the filter components are installed tightly to ensure smooth drainage and prevent clogging.

4. The ecological vegetation restoration device for tailings ponds with embankment construction for water conservation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The valve device of the water supply pipeline can flexibly and accurately control the water flow and water supply time interval according to the vegetation type, growth stage and real-time moisture status of the tailings dam.

5. A tailings dam embankment water conservation and ecological vegetation restoration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The other organic matter in the growth substrate is one or more of leaf mold or organic fertilizer.

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