Self-adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system based on a perovskite photovoltaic module, and relates to the technical field of perovskite photovoltaics, the self-adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system comprises a perovskite solar cell system, a color adjustment system and a control system, the perovskite solar cell system comprises a first color layer, and the first color layer is a fixed base color layer; the color adjusting system comprises a second color layer integrated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell system, and the second color layer is a self-adaptive color adjusting layer; the control system is in signal connection with the perovskite solar cell system and the color adjusting system and is used for automatically or manually adjusting the color and transparency of the color adjusting system according to information feedback of external environment parameters or user operation. The method has a self-defined real-time and dynamic color adjusting function, so that the effect of meeting the requirement for the aesthetic feeling of the appearance of a building is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of perovskite photovoltaic technology, and in particular to an adaptive color-adjustable building integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic modules. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for renewable energy, the construction industry is actively seeking solutions to reduce its carbon footprint and improve energy efficiency. Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy, as a promising solution, can effectively meet the growing energy demand of buildings and reduce related emissions in the urban environment. According to statistics, the construction industry contributes nearly 40% of the global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. To address these challenges, building integrated photovoltaic technology (BIPV) has emerged. By directly integrating photovoltaic modules into the structure or facade of buildings, it realizes the organic combination of buildings and photovoltaic power generation, improves the energy self-sufficiency of buildings, reduces the dependence on traditional energy, and thus reduces carbon emissions. As a solution that combines aesthetics, energy conservation, and environmental protection, BIPV technology is gradually becoming an important trend in the construction industry. Currently, BIPV technology has been applied to multiple projects such as photovoltaic glass, photovoltaic roofs, and photovoltaic facades. Although BIPV technology is constantly progressing and improving, it still faces some challenges, such as high initial investment, complex construction, and high maintenance costs. In addition, silicon-based solar cells, as one of the mainstream BIPV technologies, although mature and widely used, have limitations such as high manufacturing costs, large weight, and low efficiency. These factors limit their widespread application in specific scenarios.

[0003] In recent years, perovskite solar cells have shown significant advantages in the BIPV field due to their high energy density (>300 W / kg), light weight (<5 kg / m 2 ) and excellent weak light response (efficiency degradation <10%). They are particularly suitable for existing buildings with strict load-bearing restrictions. Perovskite solar cells can generate more electricity within limited space and load-bearing restrictions, thus improving the overall power generation efficiency of buildings. Moreover, their maintenance costs are relatively low, and their performance can be improved by simply replacing components in the later stage, reducing the long-term operation costs. In addition, perovskite solar cells support large-area preparation on complex curved substrates, and the balance between light transmittance and photoelectric efficiency can be achieved through composition regulation, which is more suitable for the aesthetic requirements of buildings compared with silicon-based technology.

[0004] However, the existing perovskite BIPV technology still faces key defects: the intrinsic color gamut of the material has inherent limitations, resulting in difficulties in color adjustment and color fixation problems. During the building exterior design stage, the color scheme must be determined in advance. Once installed, it is impossible to adapt the color according to the dynamic requirements of the building exterior, which greatly restricts the flexibility and diversity of building design. Moreover, color fixation also leads to a lack of interactive design compatibility between perovskite solar cells and building facades, making it difficult to better meet the requirements in practical applications.

[0005] A Chinese invention patent with the patent publication number CN 118973355 A discloses a color-tunable perovskite thin film, a semitransparent solar cell, and a preparation method thereof. Although this invention method can adjust the color characteristics, color depth gradient, and visible light transparency of perovskite cells by changing the halogen ratio in the perovskite component and adjusting the thickness of the perovskite thin film, its color scheme needs to be preset during the preparation stage and cannot be dynamically adjusted later, resulting in the need to replace components as a whole during building renovation, greatly increasing the cost. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies existing in the prior art, and to propose an adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic components, which has both high-efficiency photovoltaic conversion performance and dynamic color adaptation ability, breaks through the prior art barriers, and meets the collaborative optimization of building aesthetic value and energy application.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] An adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic components includes a perovskite solar cell system, a color adjustment system, and a control system, wherein:

[0009] The perovskite solar cell system includes a first color layer, and the first color layer is a fixed basic color layer;

[0010] The color adjustment system includes a second color layer integrated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell system, and the second color layer is an adaptive color adjustment layer;

[0011] The control system is signal-connected to the perovskite solar cell system and the color adjustment system, and is used to automatically or manually adjust the color and transparency of the color adjustment system according to the information feedback of external environmental parameters or user operations.

[0012] Further, the perovskite solar cell system includes a perovskite layer, and the perovskite layer serves as the first color layer. The perovskite layer is a perovskite thin film prepared by depositing perovskite materials, wherein:

[0013] By adjusting the chemical composition of the perovskite material to change its absorption spectrum range, the color of the perovskite solar cell system is adjusted to obtain initial different colors; at the same time, by controlling the thickness or crystallinity of the perovskite thin film, the basic light transmittance of the perovskite solar cell system is adjusted to obtain the basic transparency.

[0014] Furthermore, the perovskite solar cell system also obtains different initial colors by adding different optical thin films or dyes on the perovskite layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the perovskite solar cell system further includes a substrate, a transparent conductive oxide layer, a hole transport layer, an interface modification layer, an electron transport layer, a buffer layer, an electrode layer, and a packaging layer, and the substrate, the transparent conductive oxide layer, the hole transport layer, the interface modification layer, the perovskite layer, the electron transport layer, the buffer layer, the electrode layer, and the packaging layer are sequentially stacked.

[0016] Furthermore, the second color layer is a single-layer or multi-layer electrochromic layer and thermochromic layer integrated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell system, where:

[0017] The electrochromic layer changes its color or light transmittance by applying an external voltage; the thermochromic layer changes its color with the change of temperature.

[0018] Furthermore, the electrochromic layer is made of an electrochromic material, and the thermochromic layer is made of a thermochromic material. Among them, the electrochromic material includes tungsten oxide (WO3) or nickel oxide (NiO) thin film, and the thermochromic material includes poly-N-isopropylacrylamide.

[0019] Furthermore, the second color layer is located on the light incident surface and is made of a transparent or semi-transparent material.

[0020] Furthermore, the control system includes a control processing center and an external environment sensor. The control processing center is connected to the external environment sensor. The external environment sensor is arranged near the perovskite solar cell system. The external environment sensor is used to monitor the external environment information in real time and feedback the information to the control processing center. The control processing center is also connected to the color adjustment system. The control processing center is used to receive the information feedback by the external environment sensor and automatically adjust the color and transparency of the color adjustment system according to the information.

[0021] Further, the control system further includes a user interface, which is connected to the control processing center. The user interface is also connected to the perovskite solar cell module and the color adjustment system. The perovskite solar cell module and the color adjustment system feed back the displayed color to the user interface in real time. The user interface is used to transmit user instructions to the control processing center according to the feedback real-time color, and the control processing center manually adjusts the color and transparency of the color adjustment system according to the instruction.

[0022] Further, the sensors include a temperature sensor, a light sensor, and an indoor environment sensor.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) The present invention has a customized real-time color adjustment function to meet the aesthetic requirements of the building appearance: The perovskite layer of the perovskite solar cell system serves as the first color layer of the basic background color, and is combined with the color adjustment system which is the second color layer that can dynamically adjust the color in real time. The second color layer integrates thermochromic materials and electrochromic materials, enabling the system to automatically or manually customize the color and light transmittance under different environmental conditions, making the building facade and roof present rich colors and patterns, enhancing the aesthetics of the building, and at the same time enhancing the regulation ability of the indoor light and heat environment;

[0025] (2) The present invention has an intelligent control function: High-precision sensors (such as light sensors, temperature sensors, and indoor environment sensors) are introduced, and through the control system, automatic control is realized. It can automatically optimize the operation strategy according to real-time weather data and building energy consumption data, dynamically adjust the voltage of the electrochromic film, optimize the light and heat environment, and improve the overall energy efficiency of the system; In addition, users can manually adjust the light transmittance through the interaction interface or intelligent devices to meet the needs of different customized scenarios;

[0026] (3) The present invention has a multi-functional integrated design: Combining the functions of photovoltaic power generation and building envelope structure, it not only meets the power generation requirements, but also provides good lighting and temperature adjustment functions, reduces the use of building materials, and improves the overall performance of the building. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the self-adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is the circuit connection schematic diagram of the self-adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is the layer structure schematic diagram of the perovskite solar cell of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram showing the perovskite solar cell under different light transmittances according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 Schematic diagram showing the color adjustment system under different appearance colors according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the color control logic of the control system according to the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Perovskite solar cell system; 11. Substrate; 12. Transparent conductive oxide layer; 13. Hole transport layer; 14. Interface modification layer; 15. Perovskite layer; 16. Electron transport layer; 17. Buffer layer; 18. Electrode layer; 19. Encapsulation layer;

[0034] 2. Color adjustment system;

[0035] 3. Control system; 31. External environment sensor; 32. Input module; 33. Control processing center; 34. Output module; 35. User interface. Specific embodiments

[0036] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0037] This embodiment provides an adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic modules, which has both high-efficiency photoelectric conversion performance and dynamic color adaptation ability to meet the aesthetic value and energy application requirements of buildings.

[0038] The adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system includes three subsystems, as Figure 1 shown, namely: perovskite solar cell system 1, color adjustment system 2, and control system 3. Among them: the perovskite solar cell system 1 has photoelectric conversion performance and provides a basic color adjustment function; the color adjustment system 2 provides a color dynamic adjustment function to meet the dynamic adjustment of the building surface color and transparency; the control system 3 regulates the relationship between the perovskite solar cell system 1 and the color adjustment system 2, and automatically controls or manually operates by the user according to external environment parameters to adjust the building surface color and transparency, while optimizing the photoelectric conversion efficiency and maintaining the building aesthetics and user needs.

[0039] Specifically, as Figure 2As shown, the output end of the perovskite solar cell system 1 is connected to the building electrical load and is connected to the battery pack and the input end of the control system 3 through the control circuit. The output end of the control system 3 is connected to the input end of the perovskite solar cell system 1 and the input end of the battery pack. The output end of the battery pack is also connected to the input end of the control system 3. The control system 3 establishes a two-way feedback connection with the color adjustment system 2.

[0040] The perovskite solar cell system 1 absorbs sunlight and can convert solar energy into electrical energy, achieving high-efficiency photoelectric conversion ability. In addition to meeting the electricity demand of the building electrical load, it can also supply power to the entire adaptive color-adjustable building integrated photovoltaic system, that is, it can also meet the electricity demands of the control system 3 and the color adjustment system 2. In addition, the electrical energy converted by the perovskite solar cell system 1 through photoelectric conversion is also stored in the battery pack, and the battery pack can also meet the electricity demands of the entire photovoltaic system. The perovskite photovoltaic system can effectively absorb sunlight at different wavelengths and has a high photoelectric conversion efficiency. When applied to building facades and rooftops, it can realize the daily building electricity supply and achieve building emission reduction and green buildings. Building energy consumption accounts for more than 40%. It is a high-efficiency building facade and rooftop power generation system.

[0041] In addition to the photoelectric conversion performance, the perovskite solar cell system 1 also has a basic color adjustment function: by increasing or decreasing the thickness and type of the perovskite solar lamp battery system coating, custom basic colors and basic transparencies can be obtained, providing initial color customization for the entire system.

[0042] More specifically, in combination with Figure 3 , the perovskite solar cell system 1 includes a substrate 11, a transparent conductive oxide layer 12, a hole transport layer 13, an interface modification layer 14, a perovskite layer 15, an electron transport layer 16, a buffer layer 17, an electrode layer 18, and a packaging layer 19. Each film layer is stacked in sequence. In a possible embodiment, the transparent conductive oxide layer 12 uses a TCO layer as the bottom electrode; a NiOx layer is deposited on the TCO layer as the hole transport layer 13; a self-assembled monolayer (SAMs) is formed on the NiOx layer as the interface modification layer 14 to improve the interface characteristics; a perovskite material is deposited on the SAMs layer, and a uniform perovskite thin film is formed by spin coating or blade coating to obtain the perovskite layer 15; a C60 layer is deposited on the perovskite layer 15 as the electron transport layer 16; a BCP layer is deposited on the C60 layer as the buffer layer 17; deposition of the top electrode Cu layer: a Cu layer is deposited on the BCP layer as the top electrode, that is, the electrode layer 18; finally, the packaging layer 19 is covered to protect the battery from the environment.

[0043] Among them, the perovskite layer 15 is the core functional layer:

[0044] First: The perovskite material in the preparation of the perovskite layer 15 is the core of the power generation layer. The perovskite material not only has excellent light absorption ability, can efficiently convert sunlight into electrical energy in a wide spectral range, improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency, but also regulate its bandgap through chemical composition to match light of different wavelengths, enabling the battery to cover a wider spectral range and expand the proportion of utilized light energy.

[0045] Second: Compared with other thin-film batteries or silicon batteries, the perovskite layer 15 also serves as the first color layer. The first color layer is a fixed basic background color layer. By regulating its bandgap through the chemical composition of the perovskite material (such as the halogen ratio) to match light of different wavelengths, its absorption spectral range is changed, and the color of the perovskite solar cell system 1 is adjusted to obtain different initial colors, such as presenting red, blue, transparent, etc.; at the same time, by controlling the thickness or crystallinity of the perovskite thin film, the basic light transmittance of the perovskite solar cell system 1 within the entire solar spectral response range is adjusted (increased or decreased) to obtain the basic transparency. For example, increasing the thickness of the thin film or optimizing its crystallinity can improve the absorption of light of specific wavelengths, thereby reducing the light transmittance; conversely, the light transmittance can be increased. Among them, the light transmittance in the visible light band can achieve a light transmittance of 0%-90%, as Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 shows the perovskite solar cell system 1 at different light transmittances, showing from left to right the light transmittances T = 8%, 20%, 45%, 50%.

[0046] By using the method of adjusting the chemical composition, thickness, and crystallinity of the perovskite layer 15, not only can the optical properties of the perovskite thin film be flexibly adjusted, but also the consistency of its appearance color can be ensured, which is suitable for application scenarios requiring high transparency and high-efficiency conversion.

[0047] As the first color layer, the perovskite layer 15 is one of the cores for adjusting the color of the building facade and roof power generation system, providing an aesthetic appearance. By precisely controlling the transparency and color, the perovskite solar cell can optimize the natural light distribution inside the building, reduce the dependence on artificial lighting, thereby saving energy and improving the living comfort.

[0048] In addition, the perovskite solar cell system 1 can also obtain different initial colors by adding different optical thin films or dyes on the perovskite layer 15, so as to meet the aesthetic requirements of building design. For example, an inorganic perovskite thin film containing ytterbium (Yb) can be added on the perovskite layer 15, which can absorb blue light and convert it into near-infrared light, making the perovskite layer 15 present a specific color (such as dark red or orange); by depositing a photonic crystal (such as a stack of silica / titania nanoparticles), the Bragg reflection effect is used to selectively enhance the reflection of light of specific wavelengths, thereby regulating the appearance color of the perovskite layer 15.

[0049] The perovskite layer 15 on the perovskite solar cell serves as the first color layer with a fixed background color, which is superimposed in cooperation with the color adjustment system 2 to achieve dynamic adjustment of the appearance color of the building surface.

[0050] The color adjustment system 2 is applied to the perovskite solar building integrated photovoltaic system with the aim of improving the aesthetics of the perovskite solar cell, dynamically adjusting the color and transparency of the building surface, so that the perovskite solar cell can better integrate into the environment and achieve harmonious matching with the building appearance design.

[0051] The color adjustment system 2 includes a second color layer that can adjust the color in real time to achieve real-time and refined adjustment. The second color layer is integrated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell system 1 and is an adaptive color adjustment layer that can achieve dynamic color adjustment. When installed, the second color layer is located on the light incident surface and is made of transparent or semi-transparent materials.

[0052] Specifically, the second color layer is designed with a single-layer or multi-layer structure. By designing a single layer or multiple layers, different types of materials can be selected for each layer to achieve a combination of multiple colors, thereby obtaining richer color expressiveness.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the second color layer is a single-layer or multi-layer electrochromic layer and thermochromic layer integrated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell system 1, where: the electrochromic layer changes its color or light transmittance by applying an external voltage; the thermochromic layer changes its color with the change of temperature.

[0054] The electrochromic layer is made of electrochromic materials, and the thermochromic layer is made of thermochromic materials. Among them, the electrochromic materials include tungsten oxide (WO3) or nickel oxide (NiO) thin films, and the thermochromic materials include poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM). The thermochromic material changes from transparent to opaque when the temperature rises, and the material automatically adjusts the state of the thermochromic layer according to the external environment; the electrochromic material changes its color due to the change of the oxidation-reduction state of the material under voltage drive, and the light transmittance of the electrochromic layer can also be adjusted under voltage drive.

[0055] During the day, when the sunlight irradiation intensity and the ambient temperature are low, the thermochromic coating remains transparent, and the electrochromic film is in the bleached state while allowing sunlight to pass through to the maximum extent. The photovoltaic module generates electricity efficiently, ensuring the power generation efficiency while taking into account the daylighting inside the building. As the temperature rises, the thermochromic coating begins to change color, blocking part of the solar radiation and reducing overheating. If the light intensity is still strong at this time, a voltage can be applied to the electrochromic film to further adjust the light transmittance, optimize the light and heat environment, and at the same time ensure that the photovoltaic module generates electricity under suitable lighting conditions.

[0056] The setting of the second color layer enables the perovskite solar cell to exhibit different color effects while maintaining high-efficiency photoelectric conversion. Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of a color adjustment system with controllable appearance color, and different colors are shown in sequence.

[0057] The color adjustment system 2 has environmental adaptability, and its performance under different lighting conditions can ensure that the photovoltaic facades and rooftop photovoltaics maintain a consistent color visual effect under various natural light intensities and angles.

[0058] The color adjustment system 2 is regulated by the control system 3 to electrochromic technology and thermochromic technology to change the color of the perovskite material under different conditions, thereby allowing users to adjust the color of the solar panel as needed, such as adjusting the color to meet the requirements of architectural design in certain specific occasions.

[0059] The control system 3 realizes real-time monitoring and analysis of external environmental parameters (such as light intensity, temperature, time, etc.) through external environmental sensors and built-in algorithms, and automatically adjusts the state of the color adjustment layer according to the obtained information to achieve the best photoelectric conversion efficiency and architectural aesthetics; at the same time, through a high-precision execution mechanism and feedback mechanism, it ensures high precision and small error in the color and transparency adjustment of the color adjustment layer. Among them, it should be noted that the built-in algorithm of the control system 3 is an existing technology, and this application does not involve improvements to it, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0060] The control system 3 is signal-connected to the perovskite solar cell system 1 and the color adjustment system 2, and is used to automatically or manually adjust the color and transparency of the color adjustment system 2 according to the information feedback of external environmental parameters or user operations.

[0061] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6 The control system 3 includes an external environmental sensor 31, an input module 32, a control processing center 33, an output module 34, an electric control unit (i.e., the electrochromic layer) and a temperature control unit (i.e., the thermochromic layer). The output end of the external environmental sensor 31 is connected to the input module 32, the output end of the input module 32 is connected to the control processing center 33, the output end of the control processing center 33 is connected to the input end of the output module 34, and the output end of the output module 34 is connected to the input ends of the electric control unit and the temperature control unit of the color adjustment system 2. Among them, the external environmental sensor 31 is arranged near the perovskite solar cell system 1. The external environmental sensor 31 monitors external environmental information in real time and feeds the information back to the control processing center 33. The external environmental sensor 31 includes a temperature sensor, a light sensor, an indoor environmental parameter sensor, etc., and can monitor data such as the temperature, light, and indoor environmental parameters around the perovskite solar cell system 1 in real time.

[0062] During operation, the external environment sensor 31 transmits external environment data such as light intensity, temperature, and time to the control and processing center 33 via the input module 32. The control and processing center 33 receives the external environment data and, according to these data and a preset control strategy, outputs dynamic adjustment instructions to the output module 34. The output module 34 transmits these instructions to the electric control unit and the thermal control unit. Among them, the electric control unit controls the dynamic change of the color and light transmittance of the electrochromic layer in response to an electrical signal, and the color of the thermochromic layer changes with the change of temperature. Thus, the control system 3 realizes the adaptive color adjustment of the building integrated photovoltaic system. Subsequently, the perovskite solar cell system 1 and the color adjustment system 2 at the terminal of the building integrated photovoltaic system achieve color display.

[0063] More specifically, the temperature sensor is used to monitor the ambient temperature and the interior temperature of the building, triggering the response of the thermochromic material; the light sensor monitors the solar radiation intensity in real time, providing a basis for the voltage control of the electrochromic film; the indoor environment parameter sensor is used to feedback the indoor environment state, so that the control system 3 can accurately adjust the degree of thermochromism and electrochromism according to indoor requirements.

[0064] The control and processing center 33 can also automatically adjust the voltage of the electrochromic film according to the environmental parameters in different seasons and at different times. For example, during the day in summer, when the ambient temperature reaches 30 °C and the light intensity exceeds 800 W / m 2 ², the thermochromic coating starts to change color. At the same time, the controller applies a positive voltage to the electrochromic film, reducing the light transmittance of the curtain wall and the roof to 30%; during the day in winter, when the temperature is lower than 20 °C and the light intensity is weak, the thermochromic coating remains transparent, and the electrochromic film is in a bleached state, with the light transmittance increased to 80%.

[0065] In addition, the control system 3 further includes a user interface 35. The user interface 35 is connected to the control and processing center 33, and the user interface 35 is also connected to the perovskite solar cell module and the color adjustment system 2. Specifically, the output end of the user interface 35 is connected to the input module 32 and the input end of the control and processing center 33, and the input end of the user interface 35 is connected to the control and processing center 33 and the color display output ends of the perovskite solar cell system 1 and the color adjustment system 2.

[0066] The perovskite solar cell module and the color adjustment system 2 feedback the displayed color to the user interface 35 in real time. The user interface 35 is used to transmit user instructions to the input module 32 according to the feedback real-time color. The input module 32 transmits this instruction to the control and processing center 33, and the control and processing center 33 realizes the manual adjustment of the color and transparency of the color adjustment system 2 according to this instruction.

[0067] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive color - adjustable building - integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, It includes a perovskite solar cell system, a color adjustment system, and a control system, where: The perovskite solar cell system includes a first color layer, and the first color layer is a fixed basic background color layer; The color adjustment system includes a second color layer integrated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell system, and the second color layer is an adaptive color adjustment layer; The control system is signal-connected to the perovskite solar cell system and the color adjustment system, and is used to automatically or manually adjust the color and transparency of the color adjustment system according to the information feedback of external environment parameters or user operations.

2. The adaptive color-adjustable building integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, wherein, The perovskite solar cell system includes a perovskite layer. The perovskite layer serves as the first color layer, and the perovskite layer is a perovskite thin film prepared by depositing perovskite materials, where: By adjusting the chemical composition of the perovskite materials to change their absorption spectrum range, the color of the perovskite solar cell system is adjusted to obtain different initial colors; at the same time, by controlling the thickness or crystallinity of the perovskite thin film, the basic light transmittance of the perovskite solar cell system is adjusted to obtain the basic transparency.

3. The adaptive color-adjustable building-integrated photovoltaic system based on a perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein The perovskite solar cell system also obtains different initial colors by adding different optical thin films or dyes on the perovskite layer.

4. The adaptive color-adjustable building-integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, wherein, The perovskite solar cell system also includes a substrate, a transparent conductive oxide layer, a hole transport layer, an interface modification layer, an electron transport layer, a buffer layer, an electrode layer, and a packaging layer. The substrate, transparent conductive oxide layer, hole transport layer, interface modification layer, perovskite layer, electron transport layer, buffer layer, electrode layer, and packaging layer are stacked in sequence.

5. The adaptive color - adjustable building - integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second color layer is a single-layer or multi-layer electrochromic layer and thermochromic layer integrated on the surface of the perovskite solar cell system, where: The electrochromic layer changes its color or light transmittance by applying an external voltage; the thermochromic layer changes its color with the change of temperature.

6. The adaptive color-adjustable building integrated photovoltaic system based on a perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 5, wherein The electrochromic layer is made of electrochromic materials, and the thermochromic layer is made of thermochromic materials. Among them, the electrochromic materials include tungsten oxide or nickel oxide thin films, and the thermochromic materials include poly(N-isopropylacrylamide).

7. The adaptive color-adjustable building integrated photovoltaic system based on perovskite photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second color layer is located on the light incident surface and is made of a transparent or semi-transparent material.

8. The adaptive color-adjustable building-integrated photovoltaic system based on a perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein The control system includes a control processing center and an external environment sensor. The control processing center is connected to the external environment sensor. The external environment sensor is arranged near the perovskite solar cell system. The external environment sensor is used to monitor the external environment information in real time and feedback the information to the control processing center. The control processing center is also connected to the color adjustment system. The control processing center is used to receive the information feedback by the external environment sensor and automatically adjust the color and transparency of the color adjustment system according to this information.

9. The adaptive color adjustment building integrated photovoltaic system based on a perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 8, wherein The control system further includes a user interface, which is connected to the control processing center. The user interface is also connected to the perovskite solar cell module and the color adjustment system. The perovskite solar cell module and the color adjustment system feedback the displayed color to the user interface in real time. The user interface is used to transmit user instructions to the control processing center according to the feedback real-time color, and the control processing center manually adjusts the color and transparency of the color adjustment system according to the instruction.

10. The adaptive color-adjustable building-integrated photovoltaic system based on a perovskite photovoltaic module according to claim 8, wherein The sensors include a temperature sensor, a light sensor, and an indoor environment sensor.

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