AEM single-reactor water electrolysis hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristic and method of AEM single-reactor water electrolysis hydrogen production system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production, and discloses an AEM single-reactor water electrolysis hydrogen production system with a high fluctuation response characteristic and a method thereof, and the AEM single-reactor water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises a data acquisition module and an evaluation management module. According to the system, water supply data, power supply data and electrolysis data at all time points are obtained through the multi-dimensional acquisition module and classified to form a data set, the intelligent control module analyzes the running state of AEM water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment in real time, a monitoring data set is generated, the problem that an electrolytic bath is overheated or insufficient in cooling is effectively solved, and the service life of the system is prolonged. The matching degree of the electrode reaction rate and the ion transmission capacity is rapidly judged, then the estimated yield and energy conversion efficiency of hydrogen production are analyzed, the energy efficiency index is generated, the yield and energy consumption are accurately balanced, the multi-dimensional monitoring response speed is high, and the monitoring accuracy is high. The intelligent control module judges the cavitation state, the heat balance state, the electrode reaction rate and the fluctuation of the energy conversion efficiency in the AEM single-reactor water electrolysis hydrogen production process and outputs corresponding management suggestions, and dynamic management energy conversion is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, and specifically to an AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics and a method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Under the background of the global energy transition, the hydrogen energy market shows a booming development trend, which has greatly stimulated the entire hydrogen energy industry. In this context, the global production capacity and installed capacity of electrolyzers have achieved rapid growth, and their application scope is also becoming increasingly wide. It not only plays an important role in the chemical industry, providing clean hydrogen raw materials for chemical production, but also contributes to the development of fuel cell vehicles in the transportation industry, promoting the green transformation of the transportation field. At the same time, it has also emerged in the construction industry, providing new solutions for energy optimization and emission reduction in the construction field. As a new type of hydrogen production technology device, the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment realizes the key process of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water based on an anion exchange membrane. Specifically, after applying a DC voltage across the anode and cathode of the electrolyzer, water will, under the action of the electric field, pass through the anion exchange membrane from the anode and gradually penetrate to the cathode. When the water reaches the cathode, under the catalytic action of the cathode catalyst, water molecules receive electrons, thereby undergoing a hydrogen evolution reaction and generating hydrogen. These hydrogen gases will be smoothly released through the gas diffusion layer to achieve the collection of hydrogen. The hydroxide ions generated during the hydrogen evolution reaction will pass through the anion exchange membrane and return to the anode. Under the action of the anode catalyst, the hydroxide ions further undergo an oxygen evolution reaction to generate oxygen. This hydrogen production method based on the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment provides a new way for the efficient preparation of hydrogen energy.

[0003] Currently, when facing load changes, traditional single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production systems are difficult to respond quickly, unable to adjust the hydrogen production rate and state in a timely manner. When adjusting key parameters such as current density and power, they often cannot reach the expected set value in real time, which not only increases energy consumption but also may cause an additional burden on the equipment. Long-term electrolysis operations, combined with frequent parameter changes and unstable working states, make the electrode materials prone to wear and aging, with a relatively high failure rate, increasing the maintenance cost and operation difficulty. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics and a method thereof, which have the advantages of fast multi-dimensional monitoring response speed, more stable dynamic management of energy conversion, etc., and solve the problems that traditional single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production systems are difficult to adjust the hydrogen production rate in a timely manner, have high energy consumption, and unstable equipment working states.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics, including an AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device, a multi-dimensional acquisition module, and an intelligent control module;

[0006] The AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device is composed of a water supply system, a power supply system, and an electrolytic cell;

[0007] The multi-dimensional acquisition module is composed of a water supply unit, a power supply unit, and an electrolysis unit. The water supply unit collects the water supply data set by connecting to the water supply system through the network. The power supply unit collects the power supply data set by connecting to the power supply system through the network. The electrolysis unit collects the electrolysis data set by connecting to the electrolytic cell through the network;

[0008] The intelligent control module is composed of a real-time monitoring unit, a hydrogen production evaluation unit, and a dynamic management unit. The real-time monitoring unit analyzes the operating state of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device in real time according to the water supply data set, the power supply data set, and the electrolysis data set, and generates a corresponding monitoring data group Jcsj. The hydrogen production evaluation unit is set with a monitoring period Q of a fixed duration, and then combines the power supply data set and the electrolysis data set to analyze the estimated hydrogen production Ygl and the energy conversion efficiency, and generates a corresponding energy efficiency index Nxz. The dynamic management unit is set with a temperature difference interval WCJ, a reaction interval FYJ, and an energy efficiency interval NXJ within a fixed range, and then combines the monitoring data group Jcsj, the estimated hydrogen production Ygl, and the energy efficiency index Nxz to judge the cavitation state, the thermal balance state, the electrode reaction rate, and the volatility of the energy conversion efficiency during the AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production process, and outputs corresponding management suggestions.

[0009] Preferably, the water supply data set includes liquid pressure, liquid flow rate, liquid density, liquid saturated vapor pressure, and liquid temperature.

[0010] Preferably, the power supply data set includes current density, voltage, and power.

[0011] Preferably, the electrolysis data set includes coolant temperature, electrolyte concentration, effective electrode area, hydrogen production, and hydrogen purity.

[0012] Preferably, the calculation process of the monitoring data group Jcsj is as follows:

[0013] According to the water supply data set, extract the water supply data at the i-th time point, and mark the liquid pressure at the i-th time point as sy i , mark the liquid flow rate at the i-th time point as sv i , mark the liquid density at the i-th time point as sm i , mark the liquid saturated vapor pressure at the i-th time point as sz i , mark the liquid temperature at the i-th time point as swi ;

[0014] Extract the operating data of the electrolyzer at the i-th time point according to the electrolysis data set, and mark the coolant temperature at the i-th time point as lw i , and mark the electrolyte concentration at the i-th time point as dn i ;

[0015] Extract the power supply data at the i-th time point according to the power supply data set, and mark the current density at the i-th time point as dm i ;

[0016]

[0017] In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, represents the cavitation number at the i-th time point, sw i -lw i represents the heat loss of the electrolyzer at the i-th time point, represents the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density at the i-th time point, Jcsj i represents the monitoring data group at the i-th time point.

[0018] Preferably, the calculation process of the estimated output Ygl is as follows:

[0019] According to the power supply data set, mark the current density at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as dm Q ;

[0020] According to the electrolysis data set, mark the effective area of the electrode as MJ;

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, μ represents the volume of hydrogen gas under standard atmospheric pressure, 2 represents the electron transfer number of hydrogen, and F represents the Faraday constant, represents the estimated hydrogen production Ygl during the monitoring period Q calculated according to the Faraday electrolysis law Q .

[0023] Preferably, the calculation process of the energy efficiency index Nxz is as follows:

[0024] According to the electrolysis data set, mark the hydrogen production during the monitoring period Q as cq i , and mark the hydrogen purity at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as cd Q ;

[0025] According to the power supply data set, mark the voltage at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as dy Q , and mark the power at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as gl Q;

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, α1 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen production to the estimated production, BCD represents the standard value for measuring the hydrogen purity, α2 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen purity to the standard value, α3 represents the weight for the ratio of voltage to power. α1, α2, and α3 are all constants, and α1 + α2 + α3 = 1. <The represents the energy efficiency index Nxz of hydrogen production within the monitoring period Q calculated according to the weights of α1, α2, and α3 Q .

[0028] Preferably, in the monitoring data set Jcsj, when the cavitation number ≤ 1, it indicates that there is a cavitation phenomenon inside the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device, and the liquid flow rate and liquid temperature should be reduced in a timely manner. If the heat loss of the electrolytic cell exceeds the temperature difference range WCJ, it indicates an abnormal thermal balance of the electrolytic cell, and the liquid temperature and current density should be adjusted in a timely manner. If the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density exceeds the reaction range FYJ, it indicates that the electrode reaction rate is too high and the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability is low, and the electrolyte concentration should be reduced in a timely manner. If the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density is lower than the reaction range FYJ, it indicates that the electrode reaction rate is too low and the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability is low, and the electrolyte concentration should be increased in a timely manner.

[0029] Preferably, when the energy efficiency index Nxz is lower than the energy efficiency range NXJ, it indicates that the fluctuation of the energy conversion efficiency is relatively high, and the power supply should be adjusted in a timely manner.

[0030] An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production method with high-fluctuation response characteristics includes the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Connect to the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device through the network, obtain the water supply data, power supply data, and electrolysis data at all time points, and classify and form a water supply data set, a power supply data set, and an electrolysis data set;

[0032] Step 2: According to the water supply data set, the power supply data set, and the electrolysis data set, analyze the operating state of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device in real time, and generate the corresponding monitoring data set Jcsj;

[0033] Step 3: Set a monitoring period Q with a fixed duration, and then combine the power supply data set and the electrolysis data set to analyze the estimated hydrogen production Ygl and the energy conversion efficiency, and generate the corresponding energy efficiency index Nxz;

[0034] Step 4: Set the temperature difference range WCJ, reaction range FYJ, and energy efficiency range NXJ within a fixed range. Then, in combination with the monitoring data set Jcsj, estimated production Ygl, and energy efficiency index Nxz, judge the cavitation state, thermal balance state, electrode reaction rate, and volatility of energy conversion efficiency during the AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production process, and output corresponding management suggestions.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system and method with high fluctuation response characteristics, having the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The present invention connects the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment through a multi-dimensional acquisition module network to obtain the water supply data, power supply data, and electrolysis data at all time points, and classifies and forms a water supply data set, a power supply data set, and an electrolysis data set. The intelligent control module analyzes the operating state of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment in real time according to the water supply data set, power supply data set, and electrolysis data set, and generates a corresponding monitoring data set Jcsj, effectively avoiding the problems of overheating or insufficient cooling of the electrolytic cell, quickly judging the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability. The intelligent control module sets a monitoring period Q with a fixed duration. Then, in combination with the power supply data set and the electrolysis data set, it analyzes the estimated production Ygl of hydrogen production and the energy conversion efficiency, and generates a corresponding energy efficiency index Nxz, accurately balancing the production and energy consumption, which helps to optimize the energy utilization efficiency, and the multi-dimensional monitoring has a fast response speed.

[0037] 2. The present invention sets a temperature difference range WCJ, reaction range FYJ, and energy efficiency range NXJ within a fixed range through the intelligent control module. Then, in combination with the monitoring data set Jcsj, estimated production Ygl, and energy efficiency index Nxz, it judges the cavitation state, thermal balance state, electrode reaction rate, and volatility of energy conversion efficiency during the AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production process, and outputs corresponding management suggestions, and then feeds them back to the water supply system, power supply system, and electrolytic cell to form a closed-loop control, realizing adaptive management, being able to cope with the fluctuations of various complex working conditions, and the dynamic management of energy conversion is more stable. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is the system flow chart of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is the method step diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Since the traditional single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system is difficult to respond quickly when facing load changes, it cannot adjust the hydrogen production rate and state in time. When adjusting key parameters such as current density and power, it often cannot reach the expected set value in real time, which not only increases energy consumption but also may cause an additional burden on the equipment. Long-term electrolysis operations, combined with frequent parameter changes and unstable working states, make the electrode materials prone to wear and aging, with a relatively high failure rate, increasing the maintenance cost and operation difficulty. Therefore, an AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system and method with high fluctuation response characteristics are provided. Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 , an AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics, including an AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device, a multi-dimensional acquisition module, and an intelligent control module;

[0042] The AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device consists of a water supply system, a power supply system, and an electrolytic cell;

[0043] The multi-dimensional acquisition module consists of a water supply unit, a power supply unit, and an electrolysis unit. The water supply unit collects the water supply data set through a network connection to the water supply system. The water supply data set includes liquid pressure, liquid flow rate, liquid density, liquid saturated vapor pressure, and liquid temperature;

[0044] The power supply unit collects the power supply data set through a network connection to the power supply system. The power supply data set includes current density, voltage, and power;

[0045] The electrolysis unit collects the electrolysis data set through a network connection to the electrolytic cell. The electrolysis data set includes coolant temperature, electrolyte concentration, effective electrode area, hydrogen production amount, and hydrogen purity;

[0046] The intelligent control module consists of a real-time monitoring unit, a hydrogen production evaluation unit, and a dynamic management unit. The real-time monitoring unit analyzes the operating state of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device in real time according to the water supply data set, the power supply data set, and the electrolysis data set, and generates a corresponding monitoring data group Jcsj;

[0047] The calculation process of the monitoring data group Jcsj is as follows:

[0048] According to the water supply data set, extract the water supply data at the i-th time point, and mark the liquid pressure at the i-th time point as sy i , and mark the liquid flow rate at the i-th time point as sv i, mark the liquid density at the i-th time point as sm i , mark the saturated vapor pressure of the liquid at the i-th time point as sz i , mark the liquid temperature at the i-th time point as sw i ;

[0049] According to the electrolysis data set, extract the operating data of the electrolytic cell at the i-th time point, and mark the coolant temperature at the i-th time point as lw i , mark the electrolyte concentration at the i-th time point as dn i ;

[0050] According to the power supply data set, extract the power supply data at the i-th time point, and mark the current density at the i-th time point as dm i ;

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, represents the cavitation number at the i-th time point, sw i -lw i represents the heat loss of the electrolytic cell at the i-th time point. The heat loss intuitively reflects the heat generated in the electrolytic cell, effectively avoiding the problems of overheating or insufficient cooling of the electrolytic cell. represents the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density at the i-th time point, Jcsj i represents the monitoring data set at the i-th time point. By monitoring the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density in real time, the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability can be intuitively understood under a certain electrolyte concentration. If the ratio is too large, it means that the electrolyte concentration is too high, but the ion transport speed is relatively lagging, resulting in some ions being unable to participate in the reaction in time. If the ratio is too small, it may mean that the electrolyte concentration is insufficient, limiting the rate of the electrode reaction;

[0053] The hydrogen production evaluation unit is set with a monitoring period Q of a fixed duration. Then, in combination with the power supply data set and the electrolysis data set, analyze the estimated hydrogen production Ygl and the energy conversion efficiency, and generate the corresponding energy efficiency index Nxz;

[0054] The calculation process of the estimated hydrogen production Ygl is as follows:

[0055] According to the power supply data set, mark the current density at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as dm Q ;

[0056] According to the electrolysis data set, mark the effective area of the electrode as MJ;

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, μ represents the volume of hydrogen gas under standard atmospheric pressure, 2 represents the number of electron transfers of hydrogen, and F represents the Faraday constant. represents the estimated hydrogen production Ygl during the monitoring period Q calculated according to Faraday's law of electrolysis. Q , scientifically predict the hydrogen production, and provide a reliable basis for production capacity planning;

[0059] The calculation process of the energy efficiency index Nxz is as follows:

[0060] According to the electrolysis data set, mark the hydrogen production during the monitoring period Q as cq. i , and mark the hydrogen purity at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as cd. Q ;

[0061] According to the power supply data set, mark the voltage at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as dy. Q , and mark the power at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as gl. Q ;

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, α1 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen production to the estimated production, BCD represents the standard value for measuring hydrogen purity, α2 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen purity to the standard value, α3 represents the weight for the ratio of voltage to power. The ratio of the supply voltage to the power intuitively reflects the energy consumption characteristics of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment. The smaller the ratio, the lower the voltage required by the equipment under unit power, and the relatively smaller the loss during the energy conversion process. More electrical energy is used for the electrolysis reaction of water rather than consumed in overcoming resistance, etc. α1, α2, and α3 are all constants, and α1 + α2 + α3 = 1. represents the energy efficiency index Nxz of hydrogen production during the monitoring period Q calculated according to the weights of α1, α2, and α3. Q , dynamically allocate weights, precisely balance production and energy consumption, help optimize energy utilization efficiency, and have a fast multi-dimensional monitoring response speed;

[0064] The dynamic management unit is set with a fixed range of temperature difference interval WCJ, reaction interval FYJ, and energy efficiency interval NXJ. Then, combined with the monitoring data set Jcsj, estimated production Ygl, and energy efficiency index Nxz, judge the cavitation state, thermal balance state, electrode reaction rate, and volatility of energy conversion efficiency during the AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production process, and output corresponding management suggestions. Reducing cavitation and heat loss can extend the equipment life, and optimizing energy conversion efficiency can reduce the unit hydrogen production energy consumption, which is applicable to large-scale green hydrogen production scenarios.

[0065] In the monitoring data set Jcsj, when the cavitation number ≤ 1, it indicates that cavitation exists inside the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment. The liquid flow rate and liquid temperature should be reduced in a timely manner to avoid damage caused by bubble rupture due to sudden pressure drop inside the equipment. If the heat loss of the electrolytic cell exceeds the temperature difference range WCJ, it indicates abnormal heat balance of the electrolytic cell. The liquid temperature and current density should be adjusted in a timely manner to maintain the heat balance of the electrolytic cell. If the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density exceeds the reaction range FYJ, it indicates that the electrode reaction rate is too high and the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability is low. The electrolyte concentration should be reduced in a timely manner. If the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density is lower than the reaction range FYJ, it indicates that the electrode reaction rate is too low and the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability is low. The electrolyte concentration should be increased in a timely manner. When the energy efficiency index Nxz is lower than the energy efficiency range NXJ, it indicates that the fluctuation of the energy conversion efficiency is relatively high. The power supply should be adjusted in a timely manner. The dynamic management unit feeds back the management suggestions to the water supply system, power supply system and electrolytic cell, forming a closed-loop control, realizing adaptive management, being able to cope with the fluctuations of various complex working conditions, and making the dynamic management of energy conversion more stable.

[0066] An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production method with high fluctuation response characteristics includes the following steps:

[0067] Step 1: Connect to the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment through the network, obtain the water supply data, power supply data and electrolysis data at all time points, and classify and form a water supply data set, a power supply data set and an electrolysis data set. The multi-dimensional data fusion intuitively reflects the complete operating state of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment;

[0068] Step 2: According to the water supply data set, power supply data set and electrolysis data set, analyze the operating state of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment in real time, and generate the corresponding monitoring data set Jcsj. Through real-time data feedback, quickly identify and respond to fluctuations, reduce the need for manual intervention, and reduce the risk of equipment failure;

[0069] Step 3: Set a monitoring period Q with a fixed duration, and then combine the power supply data set and the electrolysis data set to analyze the estimated hydrogen production Ygl and energy conversion efficiency, and generate the corresponding energy efficiency index Nxz, accurately balance the production and energy consumption, and improve the overall energy efficiency;

[0070] Step 4: Set a temperature difference range WCJ, a reaction range FYJ and an energy efficiency range NXJ with fixed ranges. Then, combine the monitoring data set Jcsj, the estimated production Ygl and the energy efficiency index Nxz to judge the cavitation state, heat balance state, electrode reaction rate and energy conversion efficiency fluctuation in the AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production process, and output the corresponding management suggestions to achieve adaptive adjustment, ensuring the stability and continuity of the hydrogen production process.

[0071] Example 1:

[0072] In this experiment, an AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device with a power of 3 kW was selected as the experimental object. After testing, in the water supply data at the current time point, the liquid pressure was 200,000 Pa, the liquid flow rate was 3 m / s, and the liquid density was 1000 kg / m 3 , the liquid saturated vapor pressure was 2000 Pa, the liquid temperature was 25 °C. In the electrolysis data at the current time point, the coolant temperature was 20 °C, and the electrolyte concentration was 0.5 mol / L. In the power supply data at the current time point, the current density was 10 A / m 2 , and the calculation process of the monitoring data group Jcsj of this AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, g = 9.8 m / s 2 represents the acceleration due to gravity, represents the cavitation number at the current time point, sw i -lw i = 5 represents the heat loss at the current time point of the electrolytic cell, represents the current time point, the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density. The temperature difference range WCJ is set to 0 - 5 °C, and the reaction range FYJ is set to 0.5 - 5. After judgment, in the monitoring data group Jcsj at the current time point, the cavitation number ≤ 1, indicating that there is cavitation in the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device, and the liquid flow rate and liquid temperature should be reduced in time. The ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density is lower than the reaction range FYJ, indicating that the electrode reaction rate is too low and the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability is low, and the electrolyte concentration should be increased in time.

[0075] Example 2:

[0076] In this experiment, an AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device with an electricity consumption of 5.0 kWh / Nm 3 H2 was selected as the experimental object, and the monitoring period Q was set to 1 hour. After statistics, the estimated output within the monitoring period Q was 1.5 m 3 , the hydrogen production was 2 m 3 , the hydrogen purity was 95%, the voltage was 20 V, and the power was 50 kW. Within 1 hour, the energy efficiency index Nxz of this device Q The calculation process is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, α1 = 0.4 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen production to the estimated production, BCD = 0.98 represents the standard value for measuring the hydrogen purity, α2 = 0.3 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen purity to the standard value, α3 = 0.3 represents the weight for the ratio of voltage to power. α1, α2, and α3 are all constants, and 0.4 + 0.3 + 0.3 = 1. According to the weights of α1, α2, and α3, the energy efficiency index Nxz of hydrogen production within 1 hour is calculated. Q is approximately 0.94. The energy efficiency range NXJ is set to 0.95 - 1.5. After judgment, the energy efficiency index Nxz of this device Q is lower than the energy efficiency range NXJ, indicating that the fluctuation of the energy conversion efficiency is relatively high, and the power supply should be adjusted in a timely manner.

[0079] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics, characterized in that: It includes an AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device, a multi-dimensional acquisition module, and an intelligent control module; The AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device consists of a water supply system, a power supply system, and an electrolytic cell; The multi-dimensional acquisition module consists of a water supply unit, a power supply unit, and an electrolysis unit. The water supply unit collects a water supply data set by connecting to the water supply system through a network. The power supply unit collects a power supply data set by connecting to the power supply system through a network. The electrolysis unit collects an electrolysis data set by connecting to the electrolytic cell through a network; The intelligent control module consists of a real-time monitoring unit, a hydrogen production evaluation unit, and a dynamic management unit. The real-time monitoring unit analyzes the operating state of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device in real time based on the water supply data set, the power supply data set, and the electrolysis data set, and generates a corresponding monitoring data group Jcsj. The hydrogen production evaluation unit is set with a monitoring period Q of a fixed duration, and then combines the power supply data set and the electrolysis data set to analyze the estimated hydrogen production Ygl and the energy conversion efficiency, and generates a corresponding energy efficiency index Nxz. The dynamic management unit is set with a temperature difference range WCJ, a reaction range FYJ, and an energy efficiency range NXJ within a fixed range. Then, by combining the monitoring data group Jcsj, the estimated hydrogen production Ygl, and the energy efficiency index Nxz, it judges the cavitation state, the thermal balance state, the electrode reaction rate, and the volatility of the energy conversion efficiency during the AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production process, and outputs corresponding management suggestions.

2. The AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 1, wherein: The water supply data set includes liquid pressure, liquid flow rate, liquid density, liquid saturated vapor pressure, and liquid temperature.

3. An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power supply data set includes current density, voltage, and power.

4. An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrolysis data set includes coolant temperature, electrolyte concentration, effective electrode area, hydrogen production amount, and hydrogen purity.

5. An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation process of the monitoring data group Jcsj is as follows: Extract the water supply data at the i-th time point according to the water supply data set, and mark the liquid pressure at the i-th time point as sy i , mark the liquid flow rate at the i-th time point as sv i , mark the liquid density at the i-th time point as sm i , mark the liquid saturated vapor pressure at the i-th time point as sz i , mark the liquid temperature at the i-th time point as sw i ; According to the electrolysis dataset, extract the operating data of the electrolyzer at the i-th time point, and mark the coolant temperature at the i-th time point as lw i , and mark the electrolyte concentration at the i-th time point as dn i ; Extract the power supply data at the i-th time point according to the power supply data set, and mark the current density at the i-th time point as dm i ; In the formula, g represents the acceleration due to gravity, represents the cavitation number at the i-th time point, sw i -lw i represents the heat loss of the electrolytic cell at the i-th time point, represents the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density at the i-th time point, Jcsj i represents the monitoring data set at the i-th time point.

6. An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation process of the estimated hydrogen production Ygl is as follows: According to the power supply data set, mark the current density at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as dm Q ; According to the electrolysis data set, mark the effective electrode area as MJ; In the formula, μ represents the volume of hydrogen gas under standard atmospheric pressure, 2 represents the number of electron transfers of hydrogen, and F represents the Faraday constant. It represents the estimated hydrogen production Ygl during the monitoring period Q calculated according to the Faraday's law of electrolysis. Q .

7. An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation process of the energy efficiency index Nxz is as follows: Based on the electrolysis dataset, mark the hydrogen production amount within the monitoring period Q as cq i , and mark the hydrogen purity at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as cd Q ; According to the power supply data set, mark the voltage at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as dy Q , mark the power at the end time point of the monitoring period Q as gl Q ; In the formula, α1 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen production to the estimated production, BCD represents the standard value for measuring the hydrogen purity, α2 represents the weight for the ratio of hydrogen purity to the standard value, α3 represents the weight for the ratio of voltage to power. α1, α2, and α3 are all constants, and α1 + α2 + α3 = 1. It represents the energy efficiency index Nxz of hydrogen production within the monitoring period Q calculated according to the weights of α1, α2, and α3. Q .

8. An AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the monitoring data group Jcsj, when the cavitation number ≤ 1, it indicates that there is a cavitation phenomenon inside the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device, and the liquid flow rate and liquid temperature should be reduced in time. If the heat loss of the electrolytic cell exceeds the temperature difference range WCJ, it indicates that the thermal balance of the electrolytic cell is abnormal, and the liquid temperature and current density should be adjusted in time. If the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density exceeds the reaction range FYJ, it indicates that the electrode reaction rate is too high, and the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability is low, and the electrolyte concentration should be reduced in time. If the ratio of the electrolyte concentration to the current density is lower than the reaction range FYJ, it indicates that the electrode reaction rate is too low, and the matching degree between the electrode reaction rate and the ion transport ability is low, and the electrolyte concentration should be increased in time.

9. The AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system with high fluctuation response characteristics according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the energy efficiency index Nxz is lower than the energy efficiency range NXJ, it indicates that the volatility of the energy conversion efficiency is relatively high, and the power supply power should be adjusted in time.

10. A method for producing hydrogen by electrolyzing water with an AEM single stack having high fluctuation response characteristics, which is applied to an AEM single stack electrolytic water hydrogen production system having high fluctuation response characteristics as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Connect to the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production device through a network, obtain the water supply data, power supply data, and electrolysis data at all time points, and classify and form a water supply data set, a power supply data set, and an electrolysis data set; Step 2: According to the water supply dataset, power supply dataset, and electrolysis dataset, analyze the operating status of the AEM electrolytic water hydrogen production equipment in real time and generate the corresponding monitoring data group Jcsj; Step 3: Set a monitoring period Q with a fixed duration, and then combine the power supply dataset and electrolysis dataset to analyze the estimated hydrogen production Ygl and energy conversion efficiency, and generate the corresponding energy efficiency index Nxz; Step 4: Set a temperature difference range WCJ, reaction range FYJ, and energy efficiency range NXJ with fixed ranges. Then, combine the monitoring data group Jcsj, estimated production Ygl, and energy efficiency index Nxz to judge the cavitation state, thermal balance state, electrode reaction rate, and volatility of energy conversion efficiency during the AEM single-stack electrolytic water hydrogen production process, and output the corresponding management suggestions.

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