Floating breakwater for generating power by using wave gravitational potential energy and use method of floating breakwater

Abstract

The invention discloses a floating breakwater using wave gravitational potential energy for power generation and a using method thereof.The floating breakwater comprises a plurality of floating breakwater units connected with one another, and each floating breakwater unit comprises a supporting body, a wave absorbing body installed on the supporting body and a wave overtopping prevention device installed on the wave absorbing body; a wave absorbing surface is arranged on the wave absorbing body, a water storage chamber is arranged in the wave absorbing body, a plurality of rows of water inlet holes are formed in the wave absorbing surface, and the water inlet holes are connected with the water storage chamber through pipelines; a power generation module is arranged in the supporting body, the water storage chamber is connected with the power generation module through a water conveying pipeline, and the power generation module generates power through gravitational potential energy of water. The power generation module is communicated with the outside through a water outlet pipeline, and a water stop valve is arranged on the water outlet pipeline. According to the invention, seawater gravitational potential energy is used for power generation, power generation can be carried out without stormy waves, and the power generation efficiency is relatively stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of breakwaters, and particularly to a floating breakwater applying wave gravitational potential energy for power generation and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global marine economy, the demands for port protection in offshore and deep - sea areas, offshore energy development, etc. are increasing day by day. Due to its advantages such as strong adaptability, flexible installation, and ecological friendliness, the floating breakwater has become an important solution for island and port protection. At the same time, the development and utilization of marine renewable energy have become the main means of energy use on islands far from the mainland. Wave energy, due to its rich reserves and wide distribution, is regarded as an important supplement to energy. At present, the research in the field of combining wave energy power generation and floating breakwaters mainly focuses on aspects such as hydrodynamic performance optimization, energy conversion efficiency improvement, and structural reliability analysis. Traditional wave energy power generation devices use the vertical oscillation of waves to drive the float to move up and down, and transmit the power to the generator through mechanical devices, which leads to a significant decrease in the power generation efficiency of the device under the condition of no wind and waves. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Object of the Invention: Aiming at the above - mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a floating breakwater applying wave gravitational potential energy for power generation and its usage method, which can maintain a stable power generation efficiency even under the condition of no wind and waves.

[0004] Technical Solution: To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts a floating breakwater applying wave gravitational potential energy for power generation, which includes a plurality of interconnected floating breakwater units. The floating breakwater unit includes a support body, a wave absorber installed on the support body, and an over - wave - running prevention device installed on the wave absorber. A wave - dissipating surface is provided on the wave absorber, a water storage chamber is arranged inside the wave absorber, and multiple rows of water inlet holes are provided on the wave - dissipating surface. The water inlet holes are connected to the water storage chamber through pipelines; a power generation module is arranged inside the support body, the water storage chamber is connected to the power generation module through a water conveyance pipeline, and the power generation module generates electricity by using the gravitational potential energy of water; the power generation module is communicated with the outside through a water outlet pipeline, and a water - stop valve is provided on the water outlet pipeline.

[0005] Further, the wave absorber is a trapezoid body, the lower bottom surface of the trapezoid body is installed on the support body, the inclined surface of the trapezoid body is the wave - dissipating surface, and the over - wave - running prevention device is installed on the upper bottom surface of the trapezoid body.

[0006] Further, among the multiple rows of water inlet holes, the radius of the upper water inlet holes is larger than the radius of the lower water inlet holes.

[0007] Further, the power generation module includes a mixed - flow generator and a water turbine. The generator is connected to the water turbine through a connecting rod, and the water turbine is also connected to the water conveyance pipeline and the water outlet pipeline.

[0008] Furthermore, one side of the overtopping prevention device is arc-shaped, and multiple rows of through-breaking wave channels are arranged on the overtopping prevention device, and the radius of the breaking wave channels decreases row by row from top to bottom.

[0009] Furthermore, a counterweight is arranged inside the support body, and the density of the counterweight is greater than the density of seawater.

[0010] Furthermore, connection and fixing parts are arranged on the side surface and the bottom surface of the support body for connecting the anchor chain.

[0011] The present invention also provides a usage method of the floating breakwater applying the above wave gravitational potential energy generation. The support body is anchored in water, and a part of the multiple rows of water inlet holes on the wave absorption body is exposed above the water surface and a part is located in the water.

[0012] Furthermore, the support body is anchored in water through a fixed anchor chain and an anchor.

[0013] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantage of the present invention is that it uses the gravitational potential energy of seawater for power generation, and power generation can also be carried out in the absence of wind and waves, with relatively stable power generation efficiency; and wave elimination is carried out through the dual structures of the overtopping prevention device and the wave absorption body, improving the protection efficiency and stability of the structure; the aperture design of the water inlet holes and the breaking wave channels is more in line with the wave energy distribution, improving the wave elimination and water inlet efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the floating breakwater of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the floating breakwater of the present invention from another perspective;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a front perspective view of the floating breakwater of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power generation module of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water turbine of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overtopping prevention device of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the anchor chain connection structure of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] Such as Figures 1 to 3As shown in the figure, a floating breakwater that utilizes wave gravitational potential energy in this embodiment includes a plurality of interconnected floating breakwater units. Each floating breakwater unit includes a support body 2, an absorbing body 1 installed on the support body 2, and an overtopping prevention device 5 installed on the absorbing body 1.

[0022] The absorbing body 1 is a trapezoid. The lower bottom surface of the trapezoid is installed on the support body 2, and the inclined surface of the trapezoid is a wave-dissipating surface. The overtopping prevention device 5 is installed on the upper bottom surface of the trapezoid. Inside the absorbing body 1, there is a water storage chamber 11. On the wave-dissipating surface, there are three rows of water inlet holes 12. The water inlet holes 12 are connected to the water storage chamber 11 through pipelines. The radii of the upper two rows of water inlet holes are equal, and the radius of the lower row of water inlet holes is smaller than that of the upper row. This design of the water inlet hole size enables more water in the waves to enter through the upper two rows of water inlet holes in the case of windy waves, improving the utilization rate of waves. When there are no windy waves, seawater enters through the lower row of water inlet holes to ensure a stable water flow into the water storage chamber for power generation. In addition to being used for water inlet, the water inlet holes 12 can also play a role in wave dissipation, reducing the impact of windy waves and improving the overall wave-breaking and wave-dissipating performance of the device.

[0023] The support body 2 is a hollow cuboid. Inside the support body 2, there are a counterweight 22 and a power generation module 21. The density of the counterweight 22 is greater than that of seawater, which is used to increase the weight of the breakwater and stabilize the center of gravity. As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the power generation module 21 includes a generator 212 and a water turbine 214. The generator 212 and the water turbine 214 are installed on the inner bottom of the support body 2 through fixing members 215. In this embodiment, a mixed-flow water turbine is used. The generator 212 is connected to the water turbine 214 through a connecting rod 213. One side of the water turbine 214 is connected to the water storage chamber 11 through a water delivery pipeline 221, and the other side is connected to a water outlet pipeline 222. There is a water outlet hole 216 at the bottom of the support body 2. The water outlet pipeline 222 is connected to the water outlet hole 216, and a water stop valve 223 is provided on the water outlet pipeline 222 to prevent the water flow from flowing back into the support body 2 through the water outlet pipeline. The water in the water storage chamber 11 enters the water turbine 214 through the water delivery pipeline 221, drives the water turbine 214 to rotate, then drives the generator 212 to rotate through the connecting rod 213 to generate electricity, and finally the water flow flows out through the water outlet pipeline 222. As Figure 7 shown, connection and fixing parts 13 are provided on both the side and the bottom of the support body 2. The connecting anchor chain 14 is installed on the connection and fixing parts 13 on the side through bolt and anchor connection parts 131 to connect adjacent floating breakwater units; the fixed anchor chain 3 is installed on the connection and fixing parts 13 on the side through bolt and anchor connection parts 131, and the other end of the fixed anchor chain 3 is connected to the anchor 4 to anchor the support body 2 in the water.

[0024] As Figure 6As shown, one side of the anti-overtopping device 5 is arc-shaped, and the anti-overtopping device 5 is provided with four rows of through-wave-breaking channels 51, the radius of which decreases from top to bottom. When a wave hits the wave-breaking channel 51, part of the water flows through the pores to form turbulence and vortices, converting the wave energy into heat energy through fluid friction; another part of the wave is reflected and superimposed with the incident wave, weakening each other due to the phase difference. At the same time, the wave-breaking channel 51 allows water to pass through, balancing the pressure difference before and after the embankment, reducing the structural stress and suppressing the rise of waves, thereby reducing the harm of reflected waves while efficiently dissipating energy, taking into account stability and eco-friendliness. At the same time, the aperture layering design with large upper aperture and small lower aperture is adopted because the energy of the wave is mainly concentrated in the upper layer close to the water surface. The large aperture can quickly disperse the energy of strong waves while allowing some water to pass through to avoid the impact; the wave force in the lower layer is weaker, and the small aperture can continue to consume the remaining energy while maintaining the stability of the structure. Ultimately, it can weaken the power of the waves without putting all the water pressure on the embankment, greatly reducing the possibility of waves rolling over the top of the embankment and providing better protection.

[0025] The present invention operates as follows: During use, the support body 2 is anchored in the water via the anchor 4, with the upper two rows of water inlet holes 12 on the absorber 1 exposed above the water surface, while the bottom row of water inlet holes 12 is submerged. During windy and wave-prone conditions, the wave-overfall prevention device 5 and the wave-breaking surface of the absorber 1 dissipate wave energy, providing protection. Regarding power generation, the small water inlet holes located below the water surface ensure that the water storage chamber inside the breakwater has sufficient water to balance the pressure inside and outside the breakwater. Meanwhile, wind and waves enter the water storage chamber through the large water inlet holes located above the water surface, raising the pressure inside the water storage chamber to a level higher than the external pressure. This causes water to enter the power generation module, generating electricity, and then flow out through the water outlet holes. In calm conditions, the seawater is not completely still and still flows slowly. The small water inlet holes ensure that the water storage chamber inside the breakwater is at equilibrium with the external water surface. However, a small amount of wind and waves still enter through the large water inlet holes, creating a pressure difference between the internal and external pressures, which in turn causes water to enter the power generation module, generating electricity, and then flow out through the water outlet holes.

[0026] In summary, the present invention utilizes the gravitational potential energy of seawater to generate electricity, and can also generate electricity in the absence of wind and waves, with relatively stable power generation efficiency; and through the dual structure of anti-overtopping wave device and wave absorber, wave absorption is performed to improve the protection efficiency and stability of the structure; the aperture design of the water inlet and the wave-breaking channel is more in line with the wave energy distribution, thereby improving the wave absorption and water intake efficiency.

Claims

1. A floating breakwater for generating electricity by applying wave gravitational potential energy, characterized in that, The invention comprises a plurality of interconnected floating breakwater units, wherein the floating breakwater units comprise a support body (2), a wave absorbing body (1) mounted on the support body (2), and an overtopping anti-wave device (5) mounted on the wave absorbing body (1); the wave absorbing body (1) is provided with a wave absorbing surface, the wave absorbing body (1) is provided with a water storage chamber (11), the wave absorbing surface is provided with multiple rows of water inlet holes (12), and the water inlet holes (12) are connected to the water storage chamber (11) through a pipeline; a power generation module (21) is provided inside the support body (2), the water storage chamber (11) is connected to the power generation module (21) through a water delivery pipeline (221), and the power generation module (21) generates electricity using the gravitational potential energy of water; the power generation module (21) is communicated with the outside through a water outlet pipeline (222), and a water stop valve (223) is provided on the water outlet pipeline (222).

2. The floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wave absorbing body (1) is a trapezoidal body, the lower bottom surface of the trapezoidal body is mounted on the support body (2), the inclined surface of the trapezoidal body is a wave-breaking surface, and the overtopping prevention device (5) is mounted on the upper bottom surface of the trapezoidal body.

3. The floating breakwater according to claim 2, characterized in that, In the multiple rows of water inlet holes (12), the radius of the upper water inlet hole (12) is greater than the radius of the lower water inlet hole (12).

4. The floating breakwater according to claim 1, wherein, The power generation module (21) comprises a Francis generator (212) and a water turbine (214); the generator (212) and the water turbine (214) are connected via a connecting rod (213); and the water turbine (214) is also connected to a water delivery pipeline (221) and a water outlet pipeline (222).

5. The floating breakwater according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the anti-overtopping device (5) is in an arc shape, and a plurality of rows of through-going wave-breaking channels (51) are provided on the anti-overtopping device (5), wherein the radius of the wave-breaking channels (51) decreases row by row from top to bottom.

6. The floating breakwater according to claim 1, wherein A counterweight (22) is provided in the support body (2), and the density of the counterweight (22) is greater than the density of seawater.

7. The floating breakwater according to claim 1, wherein The side and bottom surfaces of the support body (2) are provided with connecting fixing members (13) for connecting an anchor chain (14).

8. A method for using a floating breakwater that generates electricity by applying wave gravitational potential energy according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The support body (2) is anchored in water, and a portion of the multiple rows of water inlet holes (12) on the absorber (1) are exposed to the water surface, while a portion is located in the water.

9. The floating breakwater according to claim 1, wherein, The support body (2) is anchored in the water by fixing the anchor chain (3) and the anchor (4).

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