Offshore wind power foundation anti-scouring device self-adaptive to topographic conditions

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore wind power foundation anti-scouring device self-adaptive to topographic conditions, and belongs to the technical field of wind power generation. According to the device, a plurality of tubular columns are arranged at the bottom of a water storage container device, are fixedly arranged in a mud surface and are connected through flat plate structures; the surface of the tubular column is connected with a floater through a sliding connecting arm, the upper end of the sliding connecting arm is connected with one end of a hydraulic cylinder device, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder device is hinged to the surface of the tubular column. Compared with an existing method, the floater floats up and down through movement of waves, the floater floats up and down to drive the hydraulic cylinder to pump water and press water, the water is pressed into the water storage container at a certain height, then gravitational potential energy of the water in the water storage container is used for power generation, and controllable stable power generation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to an anti-scouring device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, offshore wind power, as a renewable energy source, has developed rapidly. There are various forms of wind farm turbine foundations, mainly including gravity foundations, monopile foundations, tripod foundations, pile-cap foundations, jacket foundations, and suction bucket foundations, etc. Local scouring of offshore wind power foundations is a problem faced by the development of offshore wind power. During the process of the water flow scouring the soil around the foundation, the bearing capacity of the foundation is changing. The marine meteorological and hydrological conditions where the offshore wind turbines and booster stations are located are complex and changeable, and extreme wave and current sea conditions occur frequently. Under the combined action of wind, wave, and current, the sediment near the pile columns is extremely easy to start, exposing the foundation structure. At the same time, the horizontal bearing capacity of the foundation will decrease with the expansion of the scouring pit. Once the bearing capacity of the foundation is insufficient to support the normal operation of the offshore wind turbine due to the continuous expansion of the scouring pit, the entire offshore wind turbine will have accidents such as instability, causing huge economic losses. On the one hand, this reduces the bearing capacity and stability of the pile foundation. On the other hand, the reduction of the buried depth weakens the lateral restraint of the structure, resulting in a decrease in its overall natural vibration frequency and making it more prone to fatigue damage. Therefore, it is very necessary to take corresponding anti-scouring measures.

[0003] The existing scouring protection measures mainly include riprap, sandbags, sand blankets, and concrete soft mats for scouring protection, and the scouring protection cost is extremely expensive. The above methods can solve the current situation of the offshore wind power foundation being scoured to a certain extent, but they consume a large amount of financial and material resources because factors such as sea currents will cause a large loss of the thrown stones or solidified soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the invention provides an anti-scouring device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions, which includes a foundation pile fixed to the seabed. A collar is sleeved on the surface of the foundation pile, and a retaining ring is arranged on the surface of the collar; a plurality of connecting rods are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the retaining ring, and the other ends of the connecting rods are connected with a water baffle. A plurality of spoiler plates are circumferentially extended and arranged on the water baffle.

[0005] Preferably, the connecting rod and the water baffle are connected through a second connecting plate. A plurality of inflatable ball hanging points are arranged on the surface of the second connecting plate, and a plurality of holes are arranged on the connecting rod, the water baffle, and the second connecting plate.

[0006] Preferably, the holes of the connecting rod and the second connecting plate are correspondingly arranged and connected through connecting bolts, and the holes of the water baffle and the second connecting plate are correspondingly arranged and connected through connecting bolts.

[0007] Preferably, the number of the second connecting plates is not less than 1.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of first connecting plates are fixedly arranged on the surface of the collar, and corresponding holes are arranged on both the connecting rod and the second connecting plate, and the holes are connected by connecting bolts.

[0009] Preferably, the water baffle is arranged with multiple layers of hollow-outs, and a plurality of holes are arranged on the surface of the water baffle.

[0010] Preferably, the spoiler is a triangular prism, and the spoiler has at least two acute angles.

[0011] Preferably, the water-facing surface of the spoiler is the common surface of two acute angles.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] 1. In this solution, the water baffle and the connecting rod are connected by bolts, and the connecting rod and the single pile are connected by bolts. They can rotate relative to each other in the vertical direction and can form corresponding concave and convex shapes according to the concave and convex terrain. It has strong adaptability to the terrain.

[0014] 2. In this solution, the concrete fish reef water baffle has a large specific gravity, which can effectively reduce the water flow velocity around the pile foundation, so that the strength of the water flow is not enough to cause the movement of the bed sediment, and no scouring phenomenon will occur.

[0015] 3. The whole anti-scouring device in this solution is assembled, which is convenient for construction and convenient for later maintenance and replacement. The concrete fish reef water baffle has less impact on the environment and is beneficial to protecting the ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic spatial diagram of the anti-scouring device of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 is a top view of the anti-scouring device of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 is a construction schematic diagram of the anti-scouring device of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0019] Figure 4 is a construction schematic diagram of the anti-scouring device of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0020] Figure 5 is a construction schematic diagram of the anti-scouring device of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0021] Figure 6Construction Schematic Diagram of the Erosion Prevention Device of the Present Invention Figure 4 ;

[0022] Figure 7 Connection Node Diagram of the Connecting Rod and the Collar of the Present Invention;

[0023] Figure 8 Connection Node Diagram of the Connecting Rod and the Water Baffle of the Present Invention;

[0024] Figure 9 Schematic Diagram of Unprotected Erosion of the Prior Art.

[0025] In the figure: 1 is the water baffle, 2 is the spoiler, 3 is the connecting rod, 4 is the collar, 5 is the retaining ring, 6 is the foundation pile, 7 is the inflatable ball, 8 is the mud surface, 9 is the water surface, 101 is the first connecting plate, 102 is the connecting bolt, 103 is the second connecting plate, 104 is the hanging point of the inflatable ball, and 105 is the water flow change direction. Specific Embodiment

[0026] Embodiment 1: As Figure 1 - Figure 9 shown, an erosion prevention device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to terrain conditions has the following several purposes:

[0027] The first purpose is strong adaptability, and it can automatically form an erosion prevention shape adapted to the terrain according to different seabed terrains.

[0028] The second purpose is that the water baffle is set to effectively reduce the water flow velocity around the pile foundation, so that the strength of the water flow is not sufficient to cause the sediment on the bed surface to move, and no erosion phenomenon will occur;

[0029] The third purpose is convenient construction and convenient later maintenance and replacement. The whole erosion prevention device is assembled, and the construction is convenient and the later maintenance and replacement are convenient.

[0030] The fourth purpose is that the impact on the environment is small. The water baffle used can form an artificial fish reef and has little impact on the environment.

[0031] Specifically, an erosion prevention device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to terrain conditions includes a foundation pile 6 fixed to the seabed as the core support structure of the whole protection system. The collar 4 sleeved on its surface not only plays a role in protecting the pile body from seawater erosion, but also provides a stable connection for the circumferentially arranged retaining ring 5 through the first connecting plate 101 fixed on the surface. By calculating the erosion radius R without protection and taking the average inclination angle θ of the connecting rod 3, the length of the connecting rod 3 is The retaining ring 5 is set at a height of R×tanθ above the mud surface of the single pile, so as to form a rigid-flexible collaborative system between the upper energy dissipation structure and the foundation pile.

[0032] This design ensures that when the system is hit by a strong ocean current, it can evenly disperse the energy through the absorption of flexible components and the transmission of rigid structures, thus avoiding damage caused by local stress concentration. The several connecting rods 3 evenly distributed on the surface of the retaining ring 5 serve as key force-transmitting components. They can not only effectively transmit the impact force of the ocean current to the foundation pile, but also allow local deformation to absorb energy through flexible design, thus avoiding structural damage caused by stress concentration. The end of the connecting rod 3 is modularly connected to the water retaining plate 1 through the second connecting plate 103. The inflatable ball hanging point 104 set on the surface of the second connecting plate 103 can suspend the adjustable airbag. By changing the inflation volume, the overall buoyancy of the system is dynamically adjusted, so that it can adapt to dynamic load changes such as tides and storm surges, significantly improving the environmental adaptability of the system. This adaptive capability enables the system to maintain stable performance in different marine environments.

[0033] The connecting rod 3, the water baffle 1 and the second connecting plate 103 are all designed to be connected with corresponding holes and bolts 102, which not only ensures the stability of the structure but also provides convenience for subsequent maintenance and replacement.

[0034] The multi-layered, hollowed-out water retaining plate 1 gradually disperses the water flow through stepped holes, forcing the water to form vortices to dissipate energy. The densely distributed perforations on the surface further reduce the impact of the water flow, effectively mitigating water erosion on the structure. The water retaining plate 1 is constructed of concrete reefs, with a hollow interior and circular holes cut into the plate surface to facilitate fish habitats and protect the ecological environment.

[0035] The circumferentially extending spoiler 2 adopts a triangular prism structure and includes at least two sharp-angled water-facing surfaces, which actively cut the water flow to create a turbulent area, effectively reducing the flow rate and preventing seabed scouring. At the same time, the sharp-angle structure also has the function of preventing biological attachment.

[0036] The water retaining plate can effectively reduce the water flow velocity around the pile foundation, so that the intensity of the water flow is not enough to move the sediment on the bed surface, and scouring will not occur. The spoilers on both sides of the water retaining plate can change the flow direction of the bottom current to an upward tilt, preventing the current from scouring the mud surface.

[0037] The connection between N water retaining plates adopts assembly type and is connected to the pile body through connecting rods and bolts. When a water retaining plate is damaged, only the damaged water retaining plate can be removed, which is convenient for later maintenance and replacement.

[0038] The entire system provides anti-overturning ability through rigid foundation piles. The flexible connecting rods and multi-stage energy dissipation plates work together, combined with the buoyancy adjustment mechanism, to form a stable and efficient seabed protection system, significantly extending the service life of offshore engineering facilities and reducing maintenance costs. This comprehensive protection design not only improves the reliability of the system but also provides a solid guarantee for the safety of offshore engineering. In addition, this design fully considers the complexity and variability of the marine environment. Through modular connection and adaptive buoyancy adjustment, it significantly improves the flexibility and maintainability of the system, providing strong support for the stable operation of offshore engineering facilities under extreme conditions. In practical applications, this protection system can not only effectively resist the damage caused by the harsh marine environment to the facilities but also adjust to meet different environmental requirements.

[0039] Unprotected scour can cause certain damage to the foundation pile 6, such as Figure 9 shown, backwater in front of the pier: When the water flow approaches the pier, due to the blocking effect of the pier, the water flow velocity slows down, resulting in the water level rising in front of the pier, forming an obvious backwater phenomenon. This phenomenon will not only affect the water flow state upstream but also may cause certain erosion to the riverbed.

[0040] Downward jet: Around the pier, the water flow generates a downward jet because it encounters the obstruction of the pier. The formation of this jet phenomenon is due to the inertial effect of the water flow, which causes the water flow to change direction when encountering an obstacle, forming a downward impact force. This force will cause strong scour to the riverbed around the pier, thereby affecting the stability of the riverbed.

[0041] Wake vortex: Behind the pier, the water flow will form wake vortices after bypassing the pier. These vortices are the rotating water flows formed behind the pier. The main reason for their generation is the centrifugal force generated when the water flow bypasses the pier. The intensity of the wake vortices will be affected by various factors, such as the water flow velocity and the shape of the pier. The existence of these vortices will affect the water flow structure behind the pier, thereby affecting the flow field distribution of the entire river.

[0042] Scour pit: Under the pier, due to the strong scour effect of the water flow, potholes will gradually form on the riverbed surface. The formation of these scour pits will not only affect the morphology of the riverbed but also may pose a threat to the stability of the pier. Therefore, in bridge design and maintenance, special attention needs to be paid to the formation and development of scour pits.

[0043] Horseshoe vortex: Near the bottom of the pier, the water flow will form a horseshoe-shaped vortex when bypassing the pier. This special vortex form is caused by the separation and reattachment phenomena of the water flow at the bottom of the pier. The existence of the horseshoe vortex will affect the water flow structure at the bottom of the pier, thereby affecting the force condition of the pier. When studying the water flow characteristics around the pier, the horseshoe vortex is an important research object.

[0044] In this solution, the water retaining plate and the connecting rod are bolted together, and the connecting rod and the single pile are also bolted together. They can rotate relative to each other in the vertical direction and can form corresponding concave and convex shapes according to the concave and convex terrain, showing strong adaptability to the terrain. The concrete fish reef water retaining plate in this solution has a large specific gravity, which can effectively reduce the water flow velocity around the pile foundation, making the water flow intensity insufficient to cause the movement of the bed sediment and preventing erosion. The entire anti-erosion device is assembled, which is convenient for construction and subsequent maintenance and replacement. The concrete fish reef water retaining plate has less impact on the environment and is beneficial to protecting the ecological environment.

Claims

1. An anti-erosion device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographical conditions, characterized in that: It includes a foundation pile (6) fixed to the seabed. A collar (4) is sleeved on the surface of the foundation pile (6), and a retaining ring (5) is arranged on the surface of the collar (4); a number of connecting rods (3) are circumferentially arranged on the surface of the retaining ring (5), and the other ends of the connecting rods (3) are connected to a water baffle (1). A number of spoiler plates (2) are circumferentially extended and arranged on the water baffle (1).

2. The anti-erosion device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographical conditions according to claim 1, wherein The connecting rod (3) is connected to the water baffle (1) through a second connecting plate (103). A number of inflatable ball hanging points (104) are arranged on the surface of the second connecting plate (103). A number of holes are arranged on the connecting rod (3), the water baffle (1) and the second connecting plate (103).

3. The anti-scouring device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions according to claim 2, wherein, The holes of the connecting rod (3) and the second connecting plate (103) are correspondingly arranged and connected through connecting bolts (102). The holes of the water baffle (1) and the second connecting plate (103) are correspondingly arranged and connected through connecting bolts (102).

4. An anti-erosion device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The number of the second connecting plates (103) is not less than 1.

5. An anti-erosion device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, A number of first connecting plates (101) are fixedly arranged on the surface of the collar (4). The connecting rod (3) and the second connecting plate (103) are both provided with corresponding holes, and the holes are connected through connecting bolts (102).

6. The anti-erosion device for offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions according to claim 1, wherein The water baffle (1) is provided with multiple layers of hollow structures, and a number of holes are arranged on the surface of the water baffle (1).

7. An anti-erosion device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spoiler plate (2) is a triangular prism, and the spoiler plate (2) has at least two acute angles.

8. An anti-erosion device for an offshore wind power foundation adaptable to topographic conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water-facing surface of the spoiler plate (2) is the common surface of two acute angles.

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