A load loading device and method for beam members

Abstract

This invention discloses a load loading device and method for beam components, relating to the field of experimental device technology. It includes a mounting frame, a first loading device, and a second loading device. The mounting frame is equipped with a fixing device for fixing the specimen. The first loading device is mounted on the upper side of the fixing device, and the second loading device is mounted on the lower side of the fixing device. The first and second loading devices can apply loads to the specimen through their output ends. The output end of the second loading device can move synchronously with the output end of the first loading device along a direction perpendicular to the specimen axis, thus realizing the reciprocating application of loads to the specimen along a direction perpendicular to the specimen axis and achieving a realistic simulation of the stress state of the beam during use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of experimental apparatus technology, and in particular to a beam component load loading device and loading method. Background Technology

[0002] As core load-bearing components in buildings, bridges, and other engineering projects, the safety of beam structures directly affects the stability of the overall structure. To ensure the reliability of beams under design loads, load simulation experiments are typically conducted to verify their load-bearing capacity, deformation characteristics, and failure modes.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly relies on static loading, such as heavy object loading, pneumatic loading, shaking table, and hydraulic loading, for loading experiments on beam structures to verify the strength, stiffness, and ultimate bearing capacity of beams under static loads (such as self-weight and equipment weight).

[0004] However, in actual applications, beams are often subjected to high-frequency, reciprocating dynamic loads due to environmental factors such as earthquakes and wind vibrations. Therefore, it is difficult to simulate the actual stress state of beams in actual use using existing static loading devices. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a load loading device for beam components, which realizes dynamic load loading through a first loading device and a second loading device whose output ends can move synchronously along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0007] This invention provides a beam member load loading device, comprising:

[0008] Mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is provided with a fixing device for fixing the test specimen;

[0009] A first loading device is mounted on the mounting frame and located above the fixing device. The output end of the first loading device can extend or retract in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen, and the first loading device can provide a load perpendicular to the axis of the specimen to the specimen.

[0010] The second loading device is mounted on the mounting frame and located below the fixing device. The second loading device is arranged corresponding to the first loading device in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen. The output end of the second loading device can extend or retract in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen. The second loading device can provide a load perpendicular to the axis of the specimen to the specimen. The output end of the second loading device can move synchronously with the output end of the first loading device in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen.

[0011] As one embodiment, the mounting bracket has an adjustment groove on its uprights, the adjustment groove extending along the height direction of the uprights, and the fixing device is installed in the adjustment groove and can move along the extension direction of the adjustment groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, the fixing device includes two first clamping beams and two second clamping beams. The two first clamping beams are arranged vertically and bolted between two columns on one side of the mounting frame. A first gap for mounting the specimen is formed between the two first clamping beams. The two second clamping beams are arranged vertically and bolted between two columns on the other side of the mounting frame. A second gap for mounting the specimen is formed between the two second clamping beams. The device also includes two first reinforcing rods and two second reinforcing rods. The two first reinforcing rods penetrate the two first clamping beams vertically and are spaced apart. The two first reinforcing rods have external threads and first nuts at both ends. The two second reinforcing rods penetrate the two second clamping beams vertically and are spaced apart. The two second reinforcing rods have external threads and second nuts at both ends.

[0013] As one embodiment, rollers are provided between the specimen and the two first clamping beams, and between the specimen and the two second clamping beams, to form a simply supported constraint.

[0014] In one embodiment, the first loading device includes a first jack, a main loading beam, and a secondary loading beam. The first jack is mounted on the mounting frame via a first crossbeam. The output shaft of the first jack is connected to the middle of the main loading beam. Two secondary loading beams are provided. Two first conductive elements are spaced apart on the side of the main loading beam away from the first jack. The two first conductive elements are respectively connected to the middle of the two secondary loading beams. The side of the secondary loading beam away from the main loading beam is used to provide pressure to the specimen.

[0015] In one embodiment, a second conductive member is installed on the side of the secondary loading beam away from the main loading beam. The second conductive member includes a mounting base and an output head. The mounting base is installed on the main loading beam, and the output head is rotatably connected to the mounting base. The rotation axis of the output head is perpendicular to the axis of the specimen.

[0016] As one embodiment, it also includes an image acquisition device, which is mounted on the mounting frame via a second crossbeam, and the image acquisition device is configured correspondingly to the specimen.

[0017] As one embodiment, the system also includes a strain gauge for mounting on the surface and / or interior of the specimen, the strain gauge being connected to a terminal signal.

[0018] This invention also discloses a method for loading loads onto beam members, comprising:

[0019] Step S1: Fix the specimen between the first loading device and the second loading device, and make the output end of the first loading device and the output end of the second loading device respectively abut against the specimen;

[0020] Step S2: The first loading device extends towards the specimen to apply a load to the specimen, while the second loading device retracts synchronously away from the specimen;

[0021] Step S3: When the specimen deforms to a certain extent, the first loading device retracts away from the specimen, and the second loading device extends towards the specimen to apply a load to the specimen in the opposite direction to that in step S2.

[0022] Step S4: After the specimen has deformed in the reverse direction to a certain extent, repeat steps S2-S3 until the loading experiment ends.

[0023] As one implementation, step S4 further includes: monitoring the displacement change rate of the specimen using a displacement detection device; and recording the change process of the specimen using a measuring device when the displacement change rate per minute is less than 5% of the total deformation.

[0024] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0025] In the beam component load loading device disclosed in this invention, the fixing device on the mounting frame can fix the specimen. The first loading device installed on the upper side of the fixing device and the second loading device installed on the lower side of the fixing device can provide a load perpendicular to the axis of the specimen to the specimen through the telescopic output end. The output ends of the first loading device and the second loading device move synchronously. When the output end of the first loading device extends downward, the output end of the second loading device moves downward synchronously. During this process, a downward load can be applied to the specimen. When the specimen deforms to a certain extent, the output end of the second loading device extends upward, and the output end of the first loading device moves upward synchronously. During this process, an upward load can be applied to the specimen. By repeating the above process, a load can be applied to the specimen reciprocally along the axis of the specimen, realizing a realistic simulation of the stress state of the beam during use. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the beam member load loading device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A side view diagram;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A top-down view;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A diagram from another perspective;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the secondary loading beam in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second crossbeam in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the steel strain gauge in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of concrete strain gauges in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] The components are as follows: 1. Mounting frame; 2. Specimen; 3. First loading device; 4. Fixing device; 5. Second loading device; 6. Adjustment groove; 7. First clamping beam; 8. Second clamping beam; 9. First reinforcing rod; 10. Second reinforcing rod; 11. Roller; 12. First jack; 13. Main loading beam; 14. Secondary loading beam; 15. First crossbeam; 16. First transmission component; 17. Mounting base; 18. Output head; 19. Image acquisition device; 20. Second crossbeam; 21. Connecting plate; 22. First longitudinal beam; 23. Sliding groove; 24. Auxiliary plate; 25. Reinforcing steel strain gauge; 26. Concrete strain gauge; 27. Column; 28. Reinforcing steel. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The purpose of this invention is to provide a beam component load loading device to solve the problems existing in the prior art, so as to enable the beam component load loading device to apply dynamic loads to the specimen and realize the real simulation of the stress state of the beam during use.

[0039] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0040] Please refer to Figure 1-9 The beam component load loading device disclosed in this embodiment of the invention includes: a mounting frame 1, a first loading device 3, and a second loading device 5; wherein, a fixing device 4 is provided on the mounting frame 1 for fixing the specimen 2, the first loading device 3 and the second loading device 5 are both mounted on the mounting frame 1, the first loading device 3 is located above the fixing device 4, and the output end of the first loading device 3 can extend or retract along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2, and the first loading device 3 can provide a load perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2 to the specimen 2; the second loading device 5 is located below the fixing device 4, and the second loading device 5 is correspondingly arranged with the first loading device 3 along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2, the output end of the second loading device 5 can extend or retract along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2, and the second loading device 5 can provide a load perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2 to the specimen 2, and the output end of the second loading device 5 can extend or retract along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2. The direction of the load is synchronized with the output end of the first loading device 3. Its working principle is as follows: the specimen 2 is installed on the fixed device 4, and the output ends of the first loading device 3 and the second loading device 5 both extend towards the specimen 2 and abut against it. Taking the output end of the first loading device 3 as an example, the output end of the first loading device 3 extends downward, and at the same time, the output end of the second loading device 5 moves downward synchronously. During this process, the loading device can apply a downward load to the specimen 2. After the specimen 2 is deformed to a certain extent, the output end of the second loading device 5 extends upward, and at the same time, the output end of the first loading device 3 moves upward synchronously. During this process, the loading device can apply an upward load to the specimen 2. This cycle is repeated, and the load can be applied to the specimen 2 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2. This realizes a real simulation of the stress state of the beam during use and will provide a scientific basis for the use of the specimen 2 in actual working process.

[0041] It is understood that the specimen 2 can be a beam used in building structures such as subways, bridges, and houses. In this embodiment, the specimen 2 is a slab beam used in subway stations.

[0042] In this embodiment, the support column 27 of the mounting frame 1 is provided with an adjustment groove 6. The adjustment groove 6 extends along the height direction of the support column 27. The fixing device 4 is installed in the adjustment groove 6. The setting position of the fixing device 4 can be adjusted up and down along the extension direction of the adjustment groove 6, so that the specimen 2 can be fixed at different height positions to match different working conditions and improve the adaptability of the equipment.

[0043] In this embodiment, four columns 27 are provided. The four columns 27 are vertically arranged and arranged in a rectangular pattern. Specifically, the four columns 27 surround a rectangle and are located at the four corners of the rectangle.

[0044] In this embodiment, the fixing device 4 includes two first clamping beams 7 and two second clamping beams 8. The two first clamping beams 7 are arranged vertically and are bolted between two columns 27 on one side of the mounting frame 1. There is a first gap between the two first clamping beams 7 for mounting the specimen 2. The two second clamping beams 8 are arranged vertically and are bolted between two columns 27 on the other side of the mounting frame 1. There is a second gap between the two second clamping beams 8 for mounting the specimen 2. The first clamping beams 7 and the second clamping beams 8 can clamp the two ends of the specimen 2 respectively to fix the specimen 2. The height of the first clamping beams 7 and the second clamping beams 8 can be adjusted by bolting, thereby adjusting the height of the specimen 2.

[0045] Furthermore, both ends of the first clamping beam 7 and the second clamping beam 8 are provided with connecting plates 21, and threaded holes are provided on the connecting plates 21. Several threaded holes are provided on the vertical column 27, so that the first clamping beam 7 and the second clamping beam 8 can be installed at different height positions by bolts.

[0046] In this embodiment, both ends of the first clamping beam 7 and the second clamping beam 8 are provided with connecting plates 21. The connecting plates 21 are provided with threaded holes. Unlike the previous embodiment, the column 27 in this embodiment is not provided with threaded holes. As the bolt is screwed into the threaded hole on the connecting plate 21, the end of the bolt will gradually abut against the bottom of the adjusting groove 6. Thus, the first clamping beam 7 and the second clamping beam 8 can be fixed on the column 27 by the extrusion force. This connection method can realize stepless adjustment of the height of the first clamping beam 7 and the second clamping beam 8.

[0047] In this embodiment, two first reinforcing rods 9 and two second reinforcing rods 10 are also included. The two first reinforcing rods 9 penetrate the two first clamping beams 7 vertically and are spaced apart. The two first reinforcing rods 9 are provided with external threads, and the two first reinforcing rods 9 are provided with first nuts at both ends. By tightening the first nuts, the two first nuts can provide a force that brings the first clamping beams 7 closer together, which can fix the specimen 2 more firmly and reduce the deformation of the first clamping beams 7 during loading. The two second reinforcing rods 10 penetrate the two second clamping beams 8 vertically and are spaced apart. The two second reinforcing rods 10 are provided with external threads, and the two second reinforcing rods 10 are provided with second nuts at both ends. By tightening the second nuts, the two second nuts can provide a force that brings the second clamping beams 8 closer together, which can fix the specimen 2 more firmly and reduce the deformation of the first clamping beams 7 during loading.

[0048] Furthermore, washers are provided between the first nut and the first clamping beam 7, and between the second nut and the second clamping beam 8.

[0049] In this embodiment, rollers 11 are provided between the specimen 2 and the two first clamping beams 7, and between the specimen 2 and the two second clamping beams 8, forming a simply supported constraint. The rollers 11 are equivalent to a translational support, allowing the specimen 2 to translate in the horizontal direction, thereby accurately reproducing the sliding boundary in actual engineering, eliminating stress distortion caused by fixed constraints, and making the stress state of the specimen 2 closer to the working conditions in actual application.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first loading device 3 includes a first jack 12, a main loading beam 13, and a secondary loading beam 14. The first jack 12 is mounted on the mounting frame 1 via a first crossbeam 15. The output shaft of the first jack 12 is connected to the middle of the main loading beam 13. Two secondary loading beams 14 are provided. Two first transmission elements 16 are spaced apart on the side of the main loading beam 13 away from the first jack 12. The two first transmission elements 16 are respectively connected to the middle of the two secondary loading beams 14. The side of the secondary loading beam 14 away from the main loading beam 13 is used to provide pressure to the specimen 2. The pressure provided by the first jack 12 is transmitted from the main loading beam 13 to the secondary loading beam 14 via the first transmission elements 16, and then from the secondary loading beam 14 to the specimen 2. The device can uniformly apply load to the specimen 2.

[0051] In this embodiment, a first longitudinal beam 22 is provided between the two columns 27 on the left side and between the two columns 27 on the right side of the mounting frame 1. Multiple threaded holes are provided on each of the two first longitudinal beams 22. The first crossbeam 15 is bolted to the first longitudinal beams 22 on both sides, thereby providing support for the first jack 12. The threaded connection allows the position of the first crossbeam 15 to be adjustable, meeting the needs of different sized specimens 2 and different load application points, thus improving the adaptability of the device. Alternatively, the first longitudinal beams 22 may not have threaded holes; instead, the first crossbeam 15 can be fixed between the first longitudinal beams 22 by bolts abutting against them. This connection method is the same as the connection method between the first clamping beam 7 and the columns 27.

[0052] In this embodiment, the first longitudinal beam 22 and the column 27 are detachably connected by bolts, and the position of the first longitudinal beam 22 can be adjusted along the height direction of the column 27.

[0053] In this embodiment, the first transmission element 16 is a universal joint. The specimen 2 will deform under load, and the universal joint can adjust the angle in two or more directions. While transmitting torque, it can compensate for the offset or tilt of the axis. That is, when the specimen 2 deforms, the universal joint can allow the secondary loading beam 14 to tilt to a certain extent to ensure that the secondary loading beam 14 can stably transmit the load to the specimen 2.

[0054] In this embodiment, a second conductive member is installed on the side of the secondary loading beam 14 away from the main loading beam 13. Multiple second conductive members are provided and are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the specimen 2, which can further improve the uniformity of the load applied to the specimen 2.

[0055] In this embodiment, the second conductive component includes a mounting base 17 and an output head 18. The mounting base 17 is mounted on the main loading beam 13, and the output head 18 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 17. The rotation axis of the output head 18 is perpendicular to the axis of the specimen 2. The output head 18 can rotate relative to the mounting base 17 to adapt to the deformation generated when the specimen 2 is subjected to force, ensuring that the output head 18 can always stably abut against the specimen 2, thus ensuring the uniformity of the load on the specimen 2.

[0056] In this embodiment, the second loading device 5 is configured in the same way as the first loading device 3, and will not be described again here.

[0057] In this embodiment, the thrust of the first jack 12 and the second jack can be read. Specifically, jacks with reading functions can be directly used as the first jack 12 and the second jack to apply load, or pressure measuring devices can be set between the base of the first jack 12 and the corresponding main loading beam 13, and between the base of the second jack and the corresponding main loading beam 13.

[0058] In this embodiment, the beam component load loading device also includes an image acquisition device 19. The image acquisition device 19 is mounted on the mounting frame 1 via the second crossbeam 20. The image acquisition device 19 is set in correspondence with the specimen 2. The image acquisition device 19 can record the deformation process of the specimen 2 in real time, providing a reference for the mechanical performance analysis of the specimen 2.

[0059] Furthermore, the image acquisition device 19 is provided in two sets. The two sets of image acquisition devices 19 are respectively installed on the front and rear sides of the specimen 2 via two second crossbeams 20 to perform multi-directional monitoring of the specimen 2.

[0060] In this embodiment, one second crossbeam 20 is installed between two columns 27 on the front side of the mounting frame 1, and the other second crossbeam 20 is installed between two columns 27 on the rear side. Both second crossbeams 20 are connected to the columns 27 by bolts, thereby realizing the height adjustment and detachable setting of the second crossbeams 20.

[0061] In this embodiment, the image acquisition device 19 is connected to the second crossbeam 20 via a multi-jointed robotic arm. The first end of the robotic arm is connected to the image acquisition device 19. A sliding groove 23 is provided on the second crossbeam 20. The second end of the robotic arm is slidably installed in the sliding groove 23, thereby enabling the image acquisition device 19 to move along the axis of the specimen 2. The loading state of the specimen 2 is observed in the form of a robotic arm throughout the entire time and space, so as to achieve more comprehensive monitoring and recording.

[0062] In this embodiment, the second crossbeam 20 is slidably mounted on the column 27 and can move up and down along the column 27. A locking device is provided between the second crossbeam 20 and the column 27 to fix the second crossbeam 20 at a certain height position on the column 27. The locking device can be a known structure such as a bolt or a clip.

[0063] It is understandable that multi-joint robotic arms are a common structure in existing technology, and will not be elaborated here. In addition, the sliding of the robotic arm can be achieved by manual operation or by automatic drive through a lead screw and nut structure. When a lead screw and nut mechanism is used, the nut is connected to the second end of the robotic arm, and the lead screw is set along the extension direction of the sliding groove 23. The image acquisition device 19 is a high-speed or high-precision camera.

[0064] In this embodiment, the beam component load loading device also includes strain gauges. The strain gauges are installed on the surface and / or inside the specimen 2. The strain gauges are connected to the terminal signal and can directly reflect the strain of the specimen 2, providing a reference for the mechanical performance analysis of the specimen 2.

[0065] In this embodiment, the strain gauges include a steel bar strain gauge 25 and a concrete strain gauge 26. The steel bar strain gauge 25 is attached to the steel bar 28 inside the specimen 2, and the concrete strain gauge 26 is attached to the surface of the specimen 2. Specifically, the beam specimen 2 is a reinforced concrete structure with steel bars 28 cast inside. Before casting, the steel bar strain gauge 25 is attached to the steel bar 28, and then the casting is carried out. After the casting is completed, the concrete strain gauge 26 is attached to the surface of the specimen 2 as needed.

[0066] In this embodiment, a pull-wire displacement sensor is installed on the bottom and side of the specimen 2. The pull-wire displacement sensor can record the deformation displacement of the specimen 2, providing a reference for the mechanical property analysis of the specimen 2.

[0067] In this embodiment, the image acquisition device 19, the wire-type displacement sensor, the steel bar strain gauge 25, and the concrete strain gauge 26 are all connected to the terminal signal. Furthermore, the terminal is a computer.

[0068] In this embodiment, the column 27, the first crossbeam 15, the first clamping beam 7, the second clamping beam 8, and the first longitudinal beam 22 are all I-beams.

[0069] In this embodiment, an auxiliary plate 24 is provided at the bottom of the column 27. The auxiliary plate 24 extends outward along the direction perpendicular to the column 27. Threaded holes are provided on the auxiliary plate 24, so that the column 27 can be fixed at the target position by bolts.

[0070] Furthermore, a reinforcing rib is provided between the auxiliary plate 24 and the column 27 to increase the stability of the equipment.

[0071] The above-mentioned device can be used to cyclically load the prefabricated subway station roof slabs in actual use, including conducting tests on slab specimens of different sizes, different concrete strength grades, and different loading points to evaluate the stress-deformation performance of the slab components.

[0072] The present invention also provides a method for loading loads onto beam members, comprising:

[0073] Step S1: Fix the specimen 2 between the first loading device 3 and the second loading device 5, and make the output end of the first loading device 3 and the output end of the second loading device 5 respectively abut against the specimen 2;

[0074] Step S2: The first loading device 3 extends towards the specimen 2 to apply a load to the specimen 2, while the second loading device 5 retracts simultaneously away from the specimen 2;

[0075] Step S3: When the specimen 2 is deformed to a certain extent, the first loading device 3 retracts away from the specimen 2, and the second loading device 5 extends towards the specimen 2 to apply a load to the specimen 2 in the opposite direction to that in step S2.

[0076] Step S4: After specimen 2 has deformed in the reverse direction to a certain extent, repeat steps S2-S3 until the loading experiment ends;

[0077] The above operations enabled the application of dynamic loads to specimen 2, and the direction of the dynamic loads was applied back and forth to specimen 2 along the direction perpendicular to the axis of specimen 2, thus realizing a true simulation of the stress state of the beam during use.

[0078] Understandably, the degree of deformation of specimen 2 can be adaptively adjusted according to actual needs.

[0079] In this embodiment, step S4 further includes: monitoring the displacement change rate of specimen 2 through a displacement detection device. When the displacement change rate per minute is less than 5% of the total deformation, the change process of specimen 2 is recorded through a measuring device. This process is a pre-loading process. When the displacement increment of specimen 2 per minute is less than 5% of the total deformation under constant load, it is considered that the load applied to specimen 2 is stable. Then the change process of specimen 2 is recorded, which improves the stability and accuracy of the recorded data.

[0080] In this embodiment, the measuring device includes an image acquisition device 19, a wire displacement sensor, a steel bar strain gauge 25, and a concrete strain gauge 26, etc., and all of the above devices are connected to the computer signal.

[0081] In this embodiment, in step S1, the operator can set the boundary for the beam specimen 2 according to the test boundary design. If it is a simply supported constraint, rollers 11 are set between the specimen 2 and the two first clamping beams 7, and between the specimen 2 and the two second clamping beams 8 respectively. If it is a fixed constraint, the rollers 11 are not set. Furthermore, pads are set between the rollers 11 and the specimen 2, between the rollers 11 and the first clamping beams 7, or between the rollers 11 and the second clamping beams 8.

[0082] In this embodiment, in step S1, the staff can transport the specimen 2 to the top of the steel support using the specimen 2 transport vehicle. Specifically, the specimen 2 transport vehicle is a trolley with lifting and walking functions, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail.

[0083] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A beam member load loading device, characterized in that, include: Mounting frame (1), the mounting frame (1) is provided with a fixing device (4) for fixing the test piece (2); The first loading device (3) is mounted on the mounting frame (1). The first loading device (3) is located on the upper side of the fixing device (4). The output end of the first loading device (3) can extend or retract in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen (2). The first loading device (3) can provide the specimen (2) with a load perpendicular to the axis of the specimen (2). The second loading device (5) is mounted on the mounting frame (1). The second loading device (5) is located on the lower side of the fixing device (4). The second loading device (5) is arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen (2) and corresponds to the first loading device (3). The output end of the second loading device (5) can extend or retract in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen (2). The second loading device (5) can provide the specimen (2) with a load in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen (2). The output end of the second loading device (5) can move synchronously with the output end of the first loading device (3) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen (2). The first loading device (3) includes a first jack (12), a main loading beam (13) and a secondary loading beam (14). The first jack (12) is mounted on the mounting frame (1) via a first crossbeam (15). The output shaft of the first jack (12) is connected to the middle of the main loading beam (13). There are two secondary loading beams (14). Two first conductive elements (16) are spaced apart on the side of the main loading beam (13) away from the first jack (12). The two first conductive elements (16) are respectively connected to the middle of the two secondary loading beams (14). The side of the secondary loading beam (14) away from the main loading beam (13) is used to provide pressure to the specimen (2). A second conductive member is installed on the side of the secondary loading beam (14) away from the main loading beam (13). The second conductive member includes a mounting base (17) and an output head (18). The mounting base (17) is installed on the main loading beam (13), and the output head (18) is rotatably connected to the mounting base (17). The rotation axis of the output head (18) is perpendicular to the axis of the specimen (2). The fixing device (4) includes two first clamping beams (7) and two second clamping beams (8). The two first clamping beams (7) are arranged vertically and are bolted to the two columns (27) on one side of the mounting frame (1). Rollers (11) are provided between the specimen (2) and the two first clamping beams (7) and between the specimen (2) and the two second clamping beams (8) to form a simply supported constraint.

2. The beam component load loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (1) has an adjustment groove (6) on its column (27). The adjustment groove (6) extends along the height direction of the column (27). The fixing device (4) is installed in the adjustment groove (6) and can move along the extension direction of the adjustment groove (6).

3. The beam component load loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, There is a first gap between the two first clamping beams (7) for installing the specimen (2), and two second clamping beams (8) are arranged vertically and are bolted to the two columns (27) on the other side of the mounting frame (1). There is a second gap between the two second clamping beams (8) for installing the specimen (2). It also includes two first reinforcing rods (9) and two second reinforcing rods (10). The two first reinforcing rods (9) pass through the two first clamping beams (7) in the vertical direction. The two first reinforcing rods (9) are spaced apart. The two first reinforcing rods (9) are provided with external threads. The two first reinforcing rods (9) are provided with first nuts at both ends. The two second reinforcing rods (10) pass through the two second clamping beams (8) in the vertical direction. The two second reinforcing rods (10) are spaced apart. The two second reinforcing rods (10) are provided with external threads. The two second reinforcing rods (10) are provided with second nuts at both ends.

4. The beam member load loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an image acquisition device (19), which is mounted on the mounting frame (1) via a second crossbeam (20), and the image acquisition device (19) is set in correspondence with the test piece (2).

5. The beam member load loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes strain gauges for mounting on the surface and / or inside the specimen (2), the strain gauges being connected to a terminal signal.

6. A method for loading loads onto beam members, based on the beam member load loading device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, include: Step S1: Fix the specimen (2) between the first loading device (3) and the second loading device (5), and make the output end of the first loading device (3) and the output end of the second loading device (5) respectively abut against the specimen (2); Step S2: The first loading device (3) extends towards the specimen (2) to apply a load to the specimen (2), and the second loading device (5) retracts synchronously away from the specimen (2); Step S3: When the specimen (2) is deformed to a set degree, the first loading device (3) retracts away from the specimen (2), and the second loading device (5) extends towards the specimen (2) to load the specimen (2) with a load opposite to that in step S2. Step S4: After the specimen (2) is deformed in the reverse direction to the set degree, repeat steps S2-S3 until the loading experiment ends.

7. The beam member load loading method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Step S4 further includes: monitoring the displacement change rate of the specimen (2) through a displacement detection device, and recording the change process of the specimen (2) through a measuring device when the displacement change rate per minute is less than 5% of the total deformation.

Images