Tidal flat collapse model test system and method

Abstract

The invention provides a tidal flat collapse model test system and method, and belongs to the technical field of tidal flat collapse experiments.The tidal flat collapse model test system comprises a wave making unit, a discharging unit and a tamping unit, the wave making unit comprises a water tank with a collapse area and a simulation area and a wave making assembly arranged in the simulation area, and the wave making assembly is used for making waves; the discharging unit comprises a dam mold arranged in the collapse area, a storage hopper arranged above the dam mold and a feeding pipe communicating with the storage hopper and the dam mold, and a cutoff assembly used for isolating the storage hopper and the dam mold is arranged in the storage hopper. The tamping unit comprises a tamping mechanism connected to the material conveying pipe and a first telescopic piece arranged between the material conveying pipe and the material storage hopper, and the first telescopic piece stretches out and draws back in the vertical direction and is used for driving the tamping mechanism to compact soil. According to the invention, the complexity of bulkhead wall piling is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tidal flat collapse experiments, and particularly relates to a tidal flat collapse model test system and method. Background Art

[0002] Tidal flat collapse (also known as bank collapse) is the result of the interaction between hydrodynamic forces such as river flow, tidal current, and water waves and the shore slope. It is a geological disaster commonly existing in estuaries, bays, lakes, and reservoirs, posing a serious threat to structures such as coastal dikes, water transportation channels, and cross-river bridges. The mechanism of tidal flat collapse is complex, with suddenness and randomness, making it difficult to predict and control. Tidal flat collapse will seriously threaten people's lives and property safety. Understanding its occurrence mechanism can effectively predict and avoid the resulting hazards.

[0003] Through the tidal flat model test system, the whole process of the collapse of the shore wall can be carefully observed. Before the experiment starts, a model simulating the shore wall needs to be made. In order to ensure the density of the shore wall, it needs to be stacked in layers, so it requires workers to transport soil into the collapse area multiple times, and after adding soil each time, manual hammering is needed to compact the soil. The steps of building the shore wall are cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a tidal flat collapse model test system and method, aiming to solve the technical problem of cumbersome steps in building the shore wall.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a tidal flat collapse model test system, including: A wave-making unit, including a water tank with a collapse area and a simulation area, and a wave-making component arranged in the simulation area, where the wave-making component is used to generate waves; A feeding unit, including a dam mold arranged in the collapse area, a storage hopper arranged above the dam mold, and a feeding pipe connecting the storage hopper and the dam mold, where a flow-cutting component for isolating the storage hopper and the dam mold is arranged in the storage hopper; and A ramming unit, including a ramming mechanism connected to the feeding pipe and a first telescopic member arranged between the feeding pipe and the storage hopper, where the first telescopic member expands and contracts in the vertical direction and is used to drive the ramming mechanism to compact the soil.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, there are two ramming mechanisms, and the two ramming mechanisms are respectively arranged on both sides of the feeding pipe along a first direction; The ramming mechanism includes: A connecting bar, fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feeding pipe, and the connecting bar is also fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first telescopic member, and the bottom wall of the connecting bar is aligned with the bottom end surface of the feeding pipe; an edge strip, provided on a side of the connecting strip facing away from the feeding pipe; and The telescopic strip is provided between the connecting strip and the edge strip, and the width of the telescopic strip is adjustable along the first direction.

[0007] With reference to the first aspect, in one possible implementation, the retractable bar includes: a second telescopic member, telescopic in an up-down direction, wherein a fixed end of the second telescopic member is fixedly connected to the storage hopper; A plurality of linkage bars are sequentially arranged in the up-down direction, the linkage bar at the top is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic member, a first adsorption portion is provided between two adjacent linkage bars, the first adsorption portion is used to fix the two adjacent linkage bars, a second adsorption portion is provided on the side wall of the linkage bar, the second adsorption portion at the bottom is used to adsorb the edge bar, and the remaining second adsorption portions are used to adsorb the adjacent linkage bars below, an avoidance groove is provided on the bottom wall of each linkage bar, and a plurality of the avoidance grooves form an avoidance cavity; and The first elastic member is disposed in the avoidance cavity, is fixed between the edge strip and the connecting strip, and has a pre-tightening force that causes the edge strip to move toward the connecting strip.

[0008] In conjunction with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the telescopic strip further includes a compacting component corresponding one-to-one to the linkage strip, and the compacting component includes: Two oppositely disposed compacting plates, the compacting plates being rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the linkage bar, the rotation axes of the compacting plates being perpendicular to the extension and contraction direction of the first elastic member; The first rotating member is transmission-connected to the compacting plate and is used for driving the compacting plate to rotate.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a side of the edge strip facing away from the connecting strip is recessed inward to form a compensation cavity, and the tamping mechanism further includes a compensation component; The compensation component includes: a compensation block, slidably connected to the compensation cavity, wherein the compensation block slides along a first direction; and The second elastic member is fixed between the compensation block and the inner wall of the compensation cavity, and the second elastic member has a pre-tightening force that causes the compensation block to move away from the compensation cavity.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the bottom of the compensation block is recessed inward to form a compensation groove, and the compensation assembly further includes: A plurality of compensation bars are sequentially arranged in the compensation groove along a first direction, and the compensation bars are slidably arranged in the compensation groove along an up-down direction; and A plurality of third elastic members, corresponding to the compensation strips one by one, are fixedly connected between the compensation strips and the inner wall of the compensation groove, and the third elastic members have a pre-tightening force that makes the compensation strips away from the compensation groove.

[0011] Combined with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the storage hopper includes a storage part and a feeding part communicated with the storage part, and the feeding pipe is slidably arranged on the outer periphery of the feeding part; The flow interruption assembly includes: A blocking plate, rotatably connected to the inner wall of the feeding part; A second rotating member, drivingly connected to the blocking plate, for driving the blocking plate to rotate with the horizontal direction as the rotation axis; and A monitoring member, arranged in the feeding part, for monitoring the amount of soil flowing through the feeding part, and the monitoring member is communicatively connected to the second rotating member.

[0012] Combined with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the inner wall of the dam mold is recessed inward to form a plurality of spraying cavities, and a spray head communicated with an external water source is arranged inside the spraying cavities.

[0013] Combined with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, a blocking assembly is arranged at the opening of the spraying cavity, and the blocking assembly includes: A covering plate, rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spraying cavity, and the rotation axis of the covering plate is parallel to the inner wall of the dam mold; A third rotating member, drivingly connected to the covering plate, for driving the covering plate to rotate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the tidal flat collapse model test system provided by the embodiments of the present invention requires the shore wall to be built in layers. The flow interruption assembly can intercept the soil from entering the dam mold, and the flow interruption assembly can realize adding soil to the dam mold multiple times; when the flow interruption assembly blocks the soil from entering the dam mold, the first telescopic member is activated to drive the tamping mechanism to compact the soil. Through the structures of the flow interruption assembly and the tamping mechanism, the present invention avoids the process of manually adding soil multiple times and manually compacting it. It only needs to add the soil required for building the shore wall to the storage hopper, reducing the complexity of building the shore wall.

[0015] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present invention further provide a tidal flat collapse model test method, and the steps are as follows: S10. Determine the length, width and height of the dam mold according to the actual tidal flat size, and fix the dam mold in the bank collapse area; S20. Fix the storage hopper above the dam mold, and the staff adds sieved soil into the storage hopper. The soil enters the dam mold through the feeding pipe, and the soil is compacted by the compaction assembly to form a shore wall; S30. Leave the quay wall static for a preset time; S40. Install a wave-making component in the simulation area and determine the set values of water level, flow velocity, and seepage head height according to wave characteristics and seepage characteristics. Start the wave-making component to generate waves, measure the flow velocity of water in the simulation area with a sectional flowmeter, and remove the dam mold after the flow velocity of water reaches the preset value to expose the quay wall; S50. The wave-making component continuously generates waves until the quay wall collapses; S60. Analyze the experimental data. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tidal flat collapse model test system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a partial schematic diagram of the wave-making component adopted in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the ramming unit adopted in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the ramming mechanism adopted in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a partial schematic diagram of the first adsorption part, the second adsorption part, and the compaction sheet adopted in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the compensation strip adopted in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the spray method for bank collapse in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Description of the Reference Numerals: 10. Wave-making unit; 101. Collapse area; 102. Simulation area; 103. Water tank; 104. Rotating roller; 105. Reciprocating motor; 106. Rectangular plate; 20. Feeding unit; 201. Dam mold; 2011. Spray cavity; 2012. Nozzle; 202. Storage hopper; 2021. Storage part; 2022. Feeding part; 203. Feeding pipe; 204. Baffle; 30. Ramming unit; 301. First telescopic member; 302. Connecting bar; 303. Edge bar; 3031. Compensation cavity; 304. Second telescopic member; 305. Linking bar; 3051. First adsorption part; 3052. Second adsorption part; 3051. Avoidance groove; 306. First elastic member; 307. Compaction sheet; 308. Compensation block; 3081. Compensation groove; 309. Second elastic member; 310. Compensation strip; 311. Third elastic member; 40. Sealing component; 401. Cover plate. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0019] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 for an illustration of the tidal flat collapse model test system of the present invention. A tidal flat collapse model test system includes a wave-making unit 10, a feeding unit 20 and a compaction unit 30. The wave-making unit 10 includes a water tank 103 having a collapse area 101 and a simulation area 102, and a wave-making assembly provided in the simulation area 102 for generating waves; the feeding unit 20 includes a dam mold 201 provided in the collapse area 101, a storage hopper 202 provided above the dam mold 201, and a feeding pipe 203 communicating the storage hopper 202 and the dam mold 201. A flow interruption assembly for isolating the storage hopper 202 and the dam mold 201 is provided in the storage hopper 202; the compaction unit 30 includes a compaction mechanism connected to the feeding pipe 203 and a first telescopic member 301 provided between the feeding pipe 203 and the storage hopper 202. The first telescopic member 301 expands and contracts in the vertical direction and is used to drive the compaction mechanism to compact the soil.

[0020] Specifically, the first telescopic member 301 is a telescopic oil cylinder.

[0021] It should be noted that the tidal flat collapse model test system further includes a water level and flow rate control component, a pore water pressure and soil moisture content monitoring component, and a bank failure monitoring component. The water level and flow rate control component is used to monitor the water level and water flow rate in the simulation area 102. The pore water pressure and soil moisture content monitoring component includes a tensiometer, a moisture content measuring instrument, a first data acquisition unit and a second data acquisition unit. The first data acquisition unit receives the pore pressure data collected by the tensiometer and the moisture content measuring instrument, and the second data acquisition unit receives the moisture content data measured by the moisture content measuring instrument; the bank failure monitoring component includes a camera fixed outside the water tank 103 and a high-speed camera fixed outside the dam mold 201 for collecting pictures of the bank scouring process and the instantaneous bank collapse process.

[0022] In the tidal flat collapse model test system provided in this embodiment, after the dam mold 201 is fixed in the bank collapse area, the staff adds soil into the storage hopper 202. The soil in the storage hopper 202 enters the dam mold 201 through the feeding pipe 203, and the soil is compacted by the compaction unit 30 to form a bank wall. After the bank wall is made and left standing for a preset time, water is injected into the simulation area 102 to a preset position, and then the staff starts the wave-making assembly to generate waves. After the water flow rate reaches the preset value, the staff removes the dam mold 201 to expose the bank wall, and the wave-making assembly continues to generate waves until the bank wall collapses, thus completing the simulation experiment.

[0023] Compared to the existing technology, workers add the soil required for bank wall construction to the storage hopper 202 all at once. The bank wall needs to be built in layers. The cutoff assembly intercepts the entry of soil into the dam mold 201, allowing for multiple additions of soil to the dam mold 201. When the cutoff assembly blocks soil from entering the dam mold 201, the first telescopic member 301 activates and drives the compacting mechanism to compact the soil. The structure of the cutoff assembly and compacting mechanism in this invention avoids the need for multiple manual soil additions and compaction. The soil required for bank wall construction only needs to be added to the storage hopper 202, reducing the complexity of bank wall construction.

[0024] In some embodiments, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The wave-making unit 10 includes a rectangular plate 106, a reciprocating motor 105 and a rotating roller 104. The rotating roller 104 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the simulation area 102 of the water tank 103. The reciprocating motor 105 is transmission-connected to the rotating roller 104 for driving the rotating roller 104 to rotate reciprocatingly. The rectangular plate 106 is fixedly connected to the rotating roller 104.

[0025] The reciprocating motor 105 is started to drive the rotating roller 104 to rotate, and the rotating roller 104 rotates to drive the rectangular plate 106 to rotate, so that the rectangular plate 106 is stirred back and forth in the water, thereby forming waves.

[0026] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 There are two tamping mechanisms, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the feeding tube 203 along the first direction; the tamping mechanism includes a connecting bar 302, an edge bar 303 and a telescopic bar, the connecting bar 302 is fixed to the outer wall of the feeding tube 203, and the connecting bar 302 is also fixed to the telescopic end of the first telescopic member 301, and the bottom wall of the connecting bar 302 is aligned with the bottom end surface of the feeding tube 203; the edge bar 303 is arranged on the side of the connecting bar 302 away from the feeding tube 203; the telescopic bar is arranged between the connecting bar 302 and the edge bar 303, and the width of the telescopic bar is adjustable along the first direction.

[0027] During the compaction process, since the dam mold 201 has a trapezoidal structure, the width varies depending on the side height. Therefore, the width of the compaction structure needs to be adjusted according to the corresponding width. By changing the width of the telescopic bar in the compaction mechanism, the contact area between the compaction mechanism and the top surface of the soil can be maintained when compacting different layers of soil, thereby ensuring the compaction effect.

[0028] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5, the telescopic strip includes a second telescopic member 304, a plurality of linkage bars 305, and a first elastic member 306. The second telescopic member 304 telescopically moves in the vertical direction, and the fixed end of the second telescopic member 304 is fixedly connected to the storage hopper 202; the plurality of linkage bars 305 are arranged in sequence in the vertical direction, the linkage bar 305 at the top is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic member 304, and a first adsorption portion 3051 is provided between two adjacent linkage bars 305. The first adsorption portion 3051 is used to fix two adjacent linkage bars 305. A second adsorption portion 3052 is provided on the side wall of the linkage bar 305. The second adsorption portion 3052 at the bottom is used to adsorb the edge bar 303, and the remaining second adsorption portions 3052 are used to adsorb the adjacent linkage bar 305 below. An avoidance groove 3051 is formed on the bottom wall of each linkage bar 305, and a plurality of avoidance grooves 3051 form an avoidance cavity; the first elastic member 306 is arranged in the avoidance cavity, and the first elastic member 306 is fixedly connected between the edge bar 303 and the connecting bar 302 and has a pre-tightening force that causes the edge bar 303 to move towards the connecting bar 302.

[0029] Specifically, both the first adsorption portion 3051 and the second adsorption portion 3052 are electric suction cups, and the first elastic member 306 is a spring.

[0030] It should be noted that there are 8 linkage bars 305, which are sequentially set as the first linkage bar, the second linkage bar, ……, the eighth linkage bar from bottom to top.

[0031] The first telescopic member 301 is activated to extend downward, driving the first linkage bar to be inserted between the edge bar 303 and the connecting bar 302. At this time, the edge bar 303 is squeezed and moves away from the connecting bar 302 until the first linkage bar is completely inserted and adsorbed and fixed to the edge bar 303 through the second adsorption portion 3052, thereby increasing the width of the ramming mechanism; if it is necessary to continue to increase the width of the ramming mechanism, the first telescopic member 301 continues to extend downward, and at the same time the first linkage bar is separated from the second linkage bar. The first linkage bar is squeezed by the second linkage bar and moves away from the connecting plate until the second linkage bar is completely inserted and adsorbed and fixed to the first linkage bar through the second adsorption portion 3052. By analogy, the maximum width of the ramming mechanism can be obtained by completely inserting the eighth linkage bar.

[0032] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 5 , the telescopic strip further includes a compaction assembly corresponding to the linkage bar 305 one by one. The compaction assembly includes two relatively arranged compaction plates 307 and a first rotating member. The compaction plate 307 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the linkage bar 305, and the rotation axis of the compaction plate 307 is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the first elastic member 306; the first rotating member is drivingly connected to the compaction plate 307 and is used to drive the compaction plate 307 to rotate.

[0033] Specifically, the first rotating member is a motor.

[0034] When the linkage bar 305 is not inserted into the connecting bar 302 and the edge bar 303, the compacting piece 307 is in a state of not covering the avoidance cavity. Therefore, when the linkage bar 305 is inserted into the connecting bar 302 and the edge bar 303, it will not interfere with the first elastic member 306; when the linkage bar 305 is inserted into the connecting bar 302 and the edge bar 303, the first rotating member starts to drive the compacting piece 307 to rotate, thereby covering the avoidance cavity, thereby forming a plane on the bottom wall of the telescopic bar, increasing the contact area between the compacting mechanism and the soil, and further ensuring the compaction effect.

[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The side of the edge strip 303 facing away from the connecting strip 302 is recessed inward to form a compensation cavity 3031. The tamping mechanism also includes a compensation component; the compensation component includes a compensation block and a second elastic member 309. The compensation block 308 is slidably connected to the compensation cavity 3031, and the compensation block 308 slides along the first direction; the second elastic member 309 is fixed between the compensation block 308 and the inner wall of the compensation cavity 3031. The second elastic member 309 has a pre-tightening force that makes the compensation block 308 move away from the compensation cavity 3031.

[0036] During the tamping process, due to the width limitation of the linkage bar 305, the overall length of the tamping mechanism can only be adjusted according to the width of a single linkage bar 305. During the up and down movement of the tamping mechanism, the compensation block 308 can be moved in the width direction due to the action of the second elastic member 309. Therefore, when the length change of the tamping mechanism is less than the width of a single linkage bar 305, the length adjustment of the tamping mechanism is achieved through the movement of the compensation block 308, ensuring that the tamping mechanism is always in contact with the inner wall of the dam mold 201.

[0037] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 The bottom of the compensation block 308 is recessed inward to form a compensation groove 3081. The compensation assembly also includes a plurality of compensation bars 310 and a plurality of third elastic members 311. The plurality of compensation bars 310 are sequentially arranged in the compensation groove 3081 along the first direction, and the compensation bars 310 are slidably arranged in the compensation groove 3081 along the up and down directions; the plurality of third elastic members 311 correspond one-to-one to the compensation bars 310, and the third elastic members 311 are fixed between the compensation bars 310 and the inner wall of the compensation groove 3081. The third elastic member 311 has a pre-tightening force that makes the compensation bar 310 away from the compensation groove 3081.

[0038] When the compensation block 308 extends out of the compensation cavity 3031, the compensation bar 310 pops down under the action of the third elastic member 311, so that the lower bottom surface of the compensation bar 310 is flush with the lower bottom surface of the compensation block 308, thereby preventing the soil edge from being compacted; when the compensation block 308 is retracted into the compensation cavity 3031, the compensation bar 310 is squeezed into the compensation groove 3081 and will not interfere with the movement of the compensation block 308.

[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , the storage hopper 202 includes a storage part 2021 and a material discharging part 2022 communicating with the storage part 2021. The material conveying pipe 203 is slidably arranged on the outer periphery of the material discharging part 2022. The flow interruption assembly includes a blocking plate 204, a second rotating member and a monitoring member. The blocking plate 204 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the material discharging part 2022. The second rotating member is drivingly connected to the blocking plate 204 and is used for driving the blocking plate 204 to rotate with the horizontal direction as the rotation axis. The monitoring member is arranged in the material discharging part 2022 and is used for monitoring the amount of soil flowing through the material discharging part 2022. The monitoring member is communicatively connected to the second rotating member.

[0040] Specifically, the second rotating member is a motor.

[0041] When the second rotating member starts and drives the blocking plate 204 to rotate to the horizontal state, the material discharging part 2022 is in a blocked state at this time, and soil will not enter the dam mold 201. When the second rotating member starts and drives the blocking plate 204 to rotate to a non-horizontal state, the material discharging part 2022 is in an open state at this time, and the soil enters the dam mold 201 through the material discharging part 2022 and the material conveying pipe 203. The monitoring member monitors the amount of soil. When the amount of soil entering the dam mold 201 meets the requirement for the corresponding number of layers, the flow interruption assembly blocks the material discharging part 2022. At this time, the tamping mechanism is started to tamp the soil. After the tamping is completed, the flow interruption assembly opens the material discharging part 2022 to convey soil into the dam mold 201, and this cycle continues until the construction of the bank wall is completed.

[0042] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 7 , the inner wall of the dam mold 201 is recessed inward to form a plurality of spray cavities 2011, and a spray head 2012 communicating with an external water source is arranged inside the spray cavity 2011.

[0043] After the construction of the bank wall is completed, the spray head 2012 starts to spray water into the bank wall mold, so that the pore water pressure of the bank wall reaches a preset value, ensuring the authenticity and accuracy of the experimental results.

[0044] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 7 , a blocking assembly 40 is arranged at the opening of the spray cavity 2011. The blocking assembly 40 includes a covering plate 401 and a third rotating member. The covering plate 401 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spray cavity 2011, and the rotation axis of the covering plate 401 is parallel to the inner wall of the dam mold 201. The third rotating member is drivingly connected to the covering plate 401 and is used for driving the covering plate 401 to rotate.

[0045] During the ramming process, the third rotating member controls the covering plate 401 to close the spraying chamber 2011, preventing soil from entering the spraying chamber 2011 during ramming and clogging the nozzle 2012; after the construction of the shore wall is completed, the third rotating member starts to drive the covering plate 401 to open the spraying chamber 2011, and then the spraying operation is carried out.

[0046] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for a tidal flat collapse model test, the steps are as follows: S10. Determine the length, width and height of the dam mold 201 according to the actual tidal flat size, and fix the dam mold 201 in the bank collapse area; S20. Fix the storage hopper 202 above the dam mold 201. The staff adds sieved soil into the storage hopper 202. The soil enters the dam mold 201 through the feeding pipe 203, and the soil is compacted by the compaction component to form a shore wall; S30. Let the shore wall stand for a preset time; S40. Install a wave generating component in the simulation area 102 and determine the set values of the water level, flow velocity and seepage water head height according to the wave characteristics and seepage characteristics. Start the wave generating component to generate waves, and measure the flow velocity of the water in the simulation area 102 with a cross-sectional flow velocity meter. After the flow velocity of the water reaches the preset value, remove the dam mold 201 to expose the shore wall; S50. The wave generating component continuously generates waves until the shore wall collapses; S60. Analyze the experimental data.

[0047] It should be noted that the experimental data includes the process of the shore wall being scoured in each stage, as well as instantaneous collapse pictures and videos, the data of the water level and flow velocity processes in each stage, and the data of the change process of the pore water pressure and water content of the shore wall.

[0048] In some embodiments, before manufacturing the shore wall, it is necessary to prepare soil samples according to the actual soil layer. The soil samples are air-dried, crushed and sieved through a 2.5 mm sieve. Test soil is prepared according to a certain ratio and water content, and a compaction test is carried out. Taking the c and φ of the soil layer as the control standards, determine the compaction index of this test, and then manufacture the shore wall according to the size, and construct a slope with a length of 2 m and a height of 0.4 m for the test.

[0049] During the construction process, it is necessary to pay attention to placing corresponding pore pressure gauges and osmometers, etc. After the sample preparation is completed, sprinkle water on the surface of the shore wall to promote the compaction of the soil mass. Then place propeller flow velocity meters and cameras and other equipment upstream and downstream of the slope. After the shore wall stands for 24 hours, start the test, and monitor the readings of the displacement, earth pressure gauge and osmometer in real time and record them.

[0050] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tidal flat collapse model test system, characterized in that, Including: A wave-making unit, including a water tank having a collapse area and a simulation area, and a wave-making component disposed in the simulation area for making waves; A feeding unit, including a dam mold disposed in the collapse area, a storage hopper disposed above the dam mold, and a feeding pipe connecting the storage hopper and the dam mold, and a flow cutoff component for isolating the storage hopper and the dam mold is provided in the storage hopper; And A ramming unit, including a ramming mechanism connected to the feeding pipe and a first telescopic member disposed between the feeding pipe and the storage hopper, the first telescopic member telescoping in the up and down direction and being used to drive the ramming mechanism to compact the soil.

2. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 1, characterized in that There are two ramming mechanisms, and the two ramming mechanisms are respectively disposed on both sides of the feeding pipe along a first direction; The ramming mechanism includes: A connecting strip fixedly connected to the outer wall of the feeding pipe, the connecting strip is also fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first telescopic member, and the bottom wall of the connecting strip is aligned with the bottom end surface of the feeding pipe; An edge strip disposed on the side of the connecting strip away from the feeding pipe; and A telescopic strip disposed between the connecting strip and the edge strip, the width of the telescopic strip being adjustable along the first direction.

3. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 2, wherein The telescopic strip includes: A second telescopic member telescoping in the up and down direction, the fixed end of the second telescopic member being fixedly connected to the storage hopper; A plurality of linkage strips arranged in sequence in the up and down direction, the linkage strip at the top is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic member, a first adsorption portion is provided between two adjacent linkage strips for fixing the two adjacent linkage strips, a second adsorption portion is provided on the side wall of the linkage strip, the second adsorption portion at the bottom is used for adsorbing the edge strip, and the remaining second adsorption portions are used for adsorbing the adjacent linkage strip below, and an avoidance groove is formed on the bottom wall of each linkage strip, and a plurality of the avoidance grooves form an avoidance cavity; and A first elastic member disposed in the avoidance cavity, the first elastic member being fixedly connected between the edge strip and the connecting strip and having a pre-tightening force for moving the edge strip towards the connecting strip.

4. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 3, characterized in that The telescopic strip further includes a compaction component corresponding to each linkage strip, and the compaction component includes: Two relatively arranged compaction sheets rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the linkage strip, the rotation axis of the compaction sheet being perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the first elastic member; A first rotating member drivingly connected to the compaction sheet for driving the compaction sheet to rotate.

5. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 2, characterized in that, A compensation cavity is formed by inward depression on the side of the edge strip away from the connecting strip, and the ramming mechanism further includes a compensation component; The compensation component includes: A compensation block slidably connected to the compensation cavity, the compensation block sliding along the first direction; And A second elastic member fixedly connected between the compensation block and the inner wall of the compensation cavity, the second elastic member having a pre-tightening force for moving the compensation block away from the compensation cavity.

6. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 5, wherein, A compensation groove is formed by inward depression on the bottom of the compensation block, and the compensation component further includes: A plurality of compensation strips sequentially disposed in the compensation groove along the first direction, the compensation strips sliding in the compensation groove in the up and down direction; and A plurality of third elastic members, corresponding to the compensation strips one by one, the third elastic members are fixedly connected between the compensation strips and the inner wall of the compensation groove, and the third elastic members have a pre-tightening force that makes the compensation strips away from the compensation groove.

7. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The storage hopper includes a storage part and a blanking part communicating with the storage part, and the material conveying pipe is slidably arranged on the outer periphery of the blanking part; The flow interruption assembly includes: A blocking plate, rotatably connected to the inner wall of the blanking part; A second rotating member, drivingly connected to the blocking plate, for driving the blocking plate to rotate with the horizontal direction as the rotation axis; and A monitoring member, arranged in the blanking part, for monitoring the amount of soil flowing through the blanking part, and the monitoring member is communicatively connected to the second rotating member.

8. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the dam mold is recessed inward to form a plurality of spray cavities, and spray heads communicating with an external water source are arranged inside the spray cavities.

9. The tidal flat collapse model test system according to claim 8, wherein A blocking assembly is arranged at the opening of the spray cavity, and the blocking assembly includes: A covering plate, rotatably connected to the inner wall of the spray cavity, and the rotation axis of the covering plate is parallel to the inner wall of the dam mold; A third rotating member, drivingly connected to the covering plate, for driving the covering plate to rotate.

10. A tidal flat collapse model test, including the tidal flat collapse model test system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S10. Determine the length, width and height of the dam mold according to the actual tidal flat size, and fix the dam mold in the bank caving area; S20. Fix the storage hopper above the dam mold, and the staff adds sieved soil into the storage hopper. The soil enters the dam mold through the material conveying pipe, and the soil is compacted by the compaction assembly to form a bank wall; S30. The bank wall is left static for a preset time; S40. Install the wave-making assembly in the simulation area and determine the set values of the water level, flow velocity and seepage head height according to the wave characteristics and seepage characteristics. Start the wave-making assembly to generate waves, and measure the flow velocity of the water in the simulation area with a cross-sectional flowmeter. After the flow velocity of the water reaches the preset value, remove the dam mold to expose the bank wall; S50. The wave-making assembly continuously generates waves until the bank wall collapses; S60. Analyze the experimental data.

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