Poultry house microenvironment control system with temperature, humidity and static pressure adjusting functions

Abstract

The invention discloses a poultry house microenvironment control system with temperature, humidity and static pressure adjusting functions, and relates to the technical field of poultry house environment control. Comprising a poultry house data collection module used for collecting fixed structure parameters of a poultry house; the poultry house environment acquisition module is used for acquiring environment data in real time through a distributed temperature and humidity sensor, a static pressure sensor and an ultrasonic anemometer, and the environment data comprises temperature, humidity, air pressure and real-time wind speed value in the poultry house. According to the method, the sensible heat storage amount required by the temperature change of air in the poultry house, the sensible heat amount of poultry bodies exchanged with air through convection, the latent heat amount caused by poultry body evaporation and heat dissipation and the total heat load of the poultry house environment in unit time can be calculated based on the fixed structure parameters of the poultry house, the poultry house environment data and the poultry characteristic data; according to the system, changes caused by the poultry house structure, the poultry day age increase and the stock number are fully considered, the difference of the requirements of poultry for temperature, humidity and static pressure is considered, and unbalance of the small environment of the poultry house is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of poultry house environment control, and particularly to a small poultry house environment control system with functions of temperature regulation, humidity regulation and static pressure regulation. Background Art

[0002] At present, the intensive facility breeding mode is vigorously promoted in the poultry breeding industry. Among them, the impact of environmental factors on breeding cannot be underestimated, because the quality of the poultry house environment is directly related to the incidence rate of poultry, the feed-to-meat ratio, and the feed-to-egg ratio of laying hens, which directly affects the economic benefits of farmers.

[0003] Chinese invention patent, application publication number CN105700596A discloses a poultry house environment control system, including ventilation equipment, humidity regulation equipment, temperature control equipment, and lighting equipment installed in the poultry house. It further includes: a data collector installed at the center of the top plate of the poultry house for collecting the temperature, humidity, and air quality index in the poultry house; a host controller connected to the data collector by wire for summarizing and displaying the data collected by the data collector, and sending control instructions to the power control cabinet according to preset instructions. The power control cabinet is connected to the host controller by wire and is also connected to the ventilation equipment, humidity regulation equipment, temperature control equipment, and lighting equipment by wire. It solves the problems of poor accuracy and low stability in the current poultry house environment monitoring.

[0004] The existing technology still has certain defects in practical applications. For example, the existing poultry house environment control system mainly relies on a fixed sensor network to monitor environmental parameters and triggers the regulation equipment to adjust the environment through preset thresholds. However, the existing technology assumes that the heat dissipation characteristics of poultry are constant and ignores the physiological changes caused by the increase in age. Due to the lack of consideration of the differences in heat and humidity requirements, it is easy to cause local environmental imbalance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a small poultry house environment control system with functions of temperature regulation, humidity regulation and static pressure regulation to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A small poultry house environment control system with functions of temperature regulation, humidity regulation and static pressure regulation, including:

[0007] A poultry house data collection module for collecting the fixed structure parameters of the poultry house;

[0008] A poultry house environment acquisition module for real-time collecting environmental data through distributed temperature and humidity sensors, static pressure sensors and ultrasonic anemometers. The environmental data includes the temperature, humidity, air pressure and real-time wind speed value in the poultry house;

[0009] Poultry feature collection module, where the poultry features include the effective surface area of the poultry body of the daily-age poultry, the activity intensity of the poultry flock, and the poultry body feather coverage rate of the daily-age poultry, and the poultry features are dynamically adjusted in real time;

[0010] Calculation module, calculating the sensible heat storage required for the change in the air temperature itself in the poultry house, the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection, the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, and the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time;

[0011] Regulation module, based on the sensible heat storage required for the change in the air temperature itself in the poultry house, the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection, the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, and the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time, adjusts the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan and the wet curtain water pump through the controller.

[0012] Furthermore, the method for obtaining the poultry body feather coverage rate of the daily-age poultry is as follows:

[0013] First step: Capture the surface image of the poultry body through a camera deployed in the poultry house;

[0014] Second step: Use a convolutional neural network to segment the poultry body surface area, distinguish the feather-covered area from the bare skin area, obtain the number of feather pixels and the total number of body surface pixels, and calculate the ratio of the number of feather pixels to the total number of body surface pixels;

[0015] Third step: Fit the obtained feather coverage rate data of different daily ages to obtain a feather rate curve, and obtain the poultry body feather coverage rate of the daily-age poultry based on the feather rate curve.

[0016] Furthermore, the steps for obtaining the sensible heat storage required for the change in the air temperature itself are as follows:

[0017] First step: Obtain the structural parameters of the poultry house, the density value of the air, and the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the air at the real-time temperature;

[0018] Second step: Obtain the change rate of the poultry house temperature per unit time;

[0019] Third step: Establish a formula for the sensible heat storage required for the change in the air temperature itself: where ρair is the density value of the air, V is the volume of the poultry house, cp is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the air at the real-time temperature, is the change rate of the poultry house temperature per unit time.

[0020] Furthermore, the steps for obtaining the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection are as follows:

[0021] First step: Obtain the effective surface area of each poultry body, and based on the effective surface area of each poultry body, obtain the heat convection efficiency between each body surface and the air caused by the temperature difference;

[0022] Step 2: Based on the average weight and quantity of poultry of all ages, determine the optimal temperature difference between the poultry body temperature and the poultry house temperature;

[0023] Step 3: Based on the activity intensity of the poultry flock of a certain age, determine the heat convection coefficient of the poultry flock of that age;

[0024] Step 4: Establish the sensible heat formula for heat exchange between the poultry body and air through convection: where hc is the heat convection efficiency caused by the temperature difference between the surface of each poultry body and the air, and As is the effective surface area of each poultry body. is the optimal temperature difference between the poultry body temperature and the poultry house temperature, and kn is the heat convection coefficient of the poultry flock of a certain age, with a value range of 0.5 - 1.5.

[0025] Furthermore, it is characterized in that: the steps for obtaining the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body are as follows:

[0026] Step 1: Obtain the effective surface area of each poultry body, and calculate the mass transfer coefficient based on the wind speed and feather density in the poultry house;

[0027] Step 2: Obtain the humidity ratio of the poultry body surface of the poultry of a certain age and the real-time air humidity ratio, subtract the humidity ratio of the poultry body surface of the poultry of that age from the real-time air humidity ratio to obtain the humidity ratio difference between the poultry body surface and the air;

[0028] Step 3: Establish the latent heat formula caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body: where hm is the mass transfer coefficient, and As is the effective surface area of each poultry body. is the humidity ratio difference between the poultry body surface and the air.

[0029] Furthermore, based on the sensible heat storage formula required for the temperature change of the air itself, the sensible heat formula for heat exchange between the poultry body and air through convection, and the latent heat formula caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, establish the total heat load formula of the poultry house environment per unit time:

[0030]

[0031] Furthermore, the method for adjusting the rotation speed of the variable-frequency cooling and heating fan is as follows:

[0032] Step 1: Set the change rate threshold of the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself;

[0033] Step 2: When the change rate of the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself is greater than the threshold, determine the rotation speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan through the following formula: where k1 and k2 are control coefficients, self-tuned through historical data, and the value ranges of k1 and k2 are both 5 - 20.

[0034] Step 3: Adjust the opening degree of the side wall air guiding plate installed on the wall of the poultry house to maintain the static pressure gradient within the set value. When the deviation detected by the differential pressure sensor exceeds the threshold, automatically adjust the air inlet area to maintain the static pressure in the poultry house.

[0035] Furthermore, the method for adjusting the wet curtain water flow rate is as follows:

[0036] When the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body exceeds the threshold, determine the wet curtain runoff through the following formula: where, pi is the latent heat of vaporization of water, and g is the heat dissipation efficiency, with a value range of 0.7 - 0.9.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0038] The small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature regulation, humidity regulation, and static pressure regulation can calculate the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself in the poultry house, the sensible heat of the poultry body exchanged with the air through convection, the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, and the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time based on the fixed structural parameters of the poultry house, the poultry house environment data, and the poultry characteristics data. Thus, it can adjust the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan and the wet curtain water pump through the controller. This system fully considers the changes caused by the poultry house structure, the growth of poultry age, and the inventory number, and also considers the differences in the requirements of poultry for temperature, humidity, and static pressure, avoiding the imbalance of the small environment in the poultry house. Description of the Drawings

[0039] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature regulation, humidity regulation, and static pressure regulation, including:

[0042] A poultry house data collection module for collecting the fixed structural parameters of the poultry house;

[0043] Poultry house environment acquisition module, which collects environmental data in real time through distributed temperature and humidity sensors, static pressure sensors and ultrasonic anemometers. The environmental data includes the temperature, humidity, air pressure and real-time wind speed value in the poultry house. The distributed temperature and humidity sensors are nano-film temperature and humidity composite sensors (accuracy ±0.5°C / ±2%RH), arranged in a 3D grid topology structure, and the minimum monitoring unit is 0.5m 3 , so that the number of distributed temperature and humidity sensors can be calculated through the volume of the poultry house. The static pressure sensors are piezoresistive static pressure sensors (range ±50Pa, resolution 0.1Pa), which are integrated into the side wall ventilation openings. The ultrasonic anemometers are horizontally distributed between each group of cage racks and fixed to the roof of the poultry house through support frames.

[0044] Poultry characteristics collection module, where poultry characteristics include the effective surface area of the poultry body of day-old poultry, the activity intensity of the poultry flock, and the feather coverage rate of the poultry body of day-old poultry. The poultry characteristics are dynamically adjusted in real time.

[0045] In this solution, one of the poultry is detected by a millimeter-wave radar, the movement speed of the individual is calculated through the Doppler shift, and then the activity intensity of the poultry flock is calculated through the calculation.

[0046] Among them, the method for obtaining the feather coverage rate of the poultry body of day-old poultry is as follows:

[0047] The first step: capture the surface image of the poultry body through a camera deployed in the poultry house;

[0048] The second step: use a convolutional neural network to segment the poultry body surface area, distinguish the feather-covered area from the bare skin area, obtain the number of feather pixels and the total number of surface pixels, and calculate the ratio of the number of feather pixels to the total number of surface pixels;

[0049] The third step: fit the obtained feather coverage rate data of different days of age to obtain a feather rate curve, and obtain the feather coverage rate of the poultry body of day-old poultry based on the feather rate curve.

[0050] Calculation module, which calculates the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air in the poultry house itself, the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection, the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, and the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time.

[0051] Among them, the steps for obtaining the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself are as follows:

[0052] The first step: obtain the structural parameters of the poultry house, the density value of the air, and the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the air at the real-time temperature;

[0053] The second step: obtain the rate of change of the temperature in the poultry house per unit time;

[0054] Step 3: Establish the formula for the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself: where ρ_air is the density value of air, V is the volume of the poultry house, c_p is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of air at the real-time temperature, is the rate of change of the temperature of the poultry house per unit time.

[0055] Among them, the steps to obtain the sensible heat of the poultry body exchanged with the air through convection are as follows:

[0056] Step 1: Obtain the effective surface area of each poultry body, and based on the effective surface area of each poultry body, obtain the heat convection efficiency caused by the temperature difference between each body surface and the air;

[0057] Step 2: Based on the average weight and quantity of all-day-old poultry, determine the optimal temperature difference between the poultry body temperature and the poultry house temperature;

[0058] Step 3: Based on the activity intensity of the all-day-old poultry flock, determine the heat convection coefficient of the all-day-old poultry flock;

[0059] Step 4: Establish the formula for the sensible heat of the poultry body exchanged with the air through convection: where h_c is the heat convection efficiency caused by the temperature difference between each body surface and the air, A_s is the effective surface area of each poultry body, is the optimal temperature difference between the poultry body temperature and the poultry house temperature, k_n is the heat convection coefficient of the all-day-old poultry flock, which is obtained based on the activity intensity of the poultry flock, and its value ranges from 0.5 to 1.5. For example, when the activity intensity of the poultry flock is less than 30%, the value of k_n is 0.5, and when the activity intensity of the poultry flock is greater than 60%, the value of k_n is 1.5.

[0060] Among them, the steps to obtain the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body are as follows:

[0061] Step 1: Obtain the effective surface area of each poultry, and calculate the mass transfer coefficient based on the wind speed and feather density in the poultry house;

[0062] Step 2: Obtain the humidity ratio of the poultry body surface of the all-day-old poultry and the real-time air humidity ratio, subtract the humidity ratio of the poultry body surface of the all-day-old poultry from the real-time air humidity ratio to obtain the humidity ratio difference between the poultry body surface and the air;

[0063] Step 3: Establish the formula for the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body: where h_m is the mass transfer coefficient, A_s is the effective surface area of each poultry body, is the humidity ratio difference between the poultry body surface and the air.

[0064] Based on the formula for the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of air itself, the formula for the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and air through convection, and the formula for the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, establish the formula for the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time:

[0065]

[0066] The regulation module adjusts the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan and the wet curtain water pump through the controller based on the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of air in the poultry house, the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and air through convection, the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, and the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time.

[0067] Among them, the method for adjusting the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan is as follows:

[0068] The first step: Set the change rate threshold of the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of air itself;

[0069] The second step: When the change rate of the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of air itself is greater than the threshold, determine the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan through the following formula: Among them, k1 and k2 are control coefficients, self-tuned through historical data. The value ranges of k1 and k2 are both 5 - 20. For example, when the temperature rises suddenly by 2°C in the afternoon in summer, the fan speed rises from 30Hz to 45Hz, and the ventilation rate increases to 8 times per hour;

[0070] The third step: Adjust the opening degree of the side wall air deflector installed on the wall of the poultry house to maintain the static pressure gradient within the set value. When the pressure difference sensor detects that the deviation exceeds the threshold, automatically adjust the inlet area to maintain the static pressure of the poultry house.

[0071] In addition, the method for adjusting the wet curtain water flow is as follows:

[0072] When the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body exceeds the threshold, determine the runoff of the wet curtain water pump through the following formula: Among them, pi is the latent heat of vaporization of water, and g is the heat dissipation efficiency, with a value of 0.7 - 0.9. It can be known that the spraying efficiency is determined according to the water pump flow rate.

[0073] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and static pressure adjustment, characterized in that, Including: A poultry house data collection module for collecting fixed structural parameters of the poultry house; A poultry house environment acquisition module that collects environmental data in real time through distributed temperature and humidity sensors, static pressure sensors, and ultrasonic anemometers. The environmental data includes the temperature, humidity, air pressure, and real-time wind speed value inside the poultry house; A poultry feature collection module. The poultry features include the effective surface area of the poultry body of day-old poultry, the activity intensity of the poultry flock, and the feather coverage rate of the poultry body of day-old poultry. The poultry features are dynamically adjusted in real time; A calculation module that calculates the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself inside the poultry house, the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection, the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, and the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time; A regulation module that adjusts the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan and the wet curtain water flow through a controller based on the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself inside the poultry house, the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection, the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body, and the total heat load of the poultry house environment per unit time.

2. The small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and static pressure adjustment according to claim 1, wherein, The method for obtaining the feather coverage rate of the poultry body of day-old poultry is as follows: The first step: Capture the surface image of the poultry body through a camera deployed inside the poultry house; The second step: Use a convolutional neural network to segment the surface area of the poultry, distinguish the feather-covered area from the bare skin area, obtain the number of feather pixels and the total number of surface pixels, and calculate the ratio of the number of feather pixels to the total number of surface pixels; The third step: Fit the obtained feather coverage rate data of different days of age to obtain a feather rate curve, and obtain the feather coverage rate of the poultry body of day-old poultry based on the feather rate curve.

3. The small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and static pressure adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps for obtaining the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself are as follows: The first step: Obtain the structural parameters of the poultry house, the density value of the air, and the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of the air at the real-time temperature; The second step: Obtain the rate of change of the temperature of the poultry house per unit time; Step 3: Establish the formula for the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of air itself: where ρair is the density value of air, V is the volume of the poultry house, cp is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure of air at the real-time temperature, and is the rate of change of the temperature of the poultry house per unit time.

4. The small environment control system for poultry houses with temperature, humidity and static pressure adjustment functions according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection are as follows: The first step: Obtain the effective surface area of each poultry body, and obtain the heat convection efficiency caused by the temperature difference between each poultry body surface and the air based on the effective surface area of each poultry body; The second step: Based on the average weight and quantity of all day-old poultry, determine the optimal temperature difference between the poultry body temperature and the poultry house temperature; The third step: Based on the activity intensity of the day-old poultry flock, determine the heat convection coefficient of the day-old poultry flock; The fourth step: Establish a formula for the sensible heat exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection: ∑hc×As×▽T×kn; where hc is the heat convection efficiency caused by the temperature difference between each poultry body surface and the air, As is the effective surface area of each poultry body, ▽T is the optimal temperature difference between the poultry body temperature and the poultry house temperature, and kn is the heat convection coefficient of the day-old poultry flock, with a value range of 0.5 - 1.

5.

5. The small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and static pressure adjustment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The steps for obtaining the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body are as follows: The first step: Obtain the effective surface area of each poultry, and calculate the mass transfer coefficient based on the wind speed and feather density inside the poultry house; The second step: Obtain the humidity ratio of the poultry body surface of day-old poultry and the real-time air humidity ratio, subtract the humidity ratio of the poultry body surface of day-old poultry from the real-time air humidity ratio to obtain the humidity ratio difference between the poultry body surface and the air; Step 3: Establish the latent heat formula caused by the evaporative heat dissipation of poultry bodies: ∑hm×As×▽W; where hm is the mass transfer coefficient, As is the effective surface area of each poultry body, and ▽W is the humidity ratio difference between the poultry body surface and the air.

6. The small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and static pressure adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on the sensible heat storage formula required for the temperature change of the air itself, the sensible heat formula exchanged between the poultry body and the air through convection, and the latent heat formula caused by the evaporative heat dissipation of the poultry body, establish the total heat load formula of the poultry house environment per unit time:

7. The small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and static pressure adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment method for the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan is as follows: Step 1: Set the change rate threshold of the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself; Step 2: When the change rate of the sensible heat storage required for the temperature change of the air itself is greater than the threshold value, determine the rotational speed of the fixed-frequency / variable-frequency fan through the following formula: where k1 and k2 are control coefficients, self-tuned through historical data, and the value ranges of k1 and k2 are both 5 - 20; Step 3: Adjust the opening degree of the side wall air deflector installed on the wall of the poultry house to maintain the static pressure gradient within the set value. When the deviation detected by the differential pressure sensor exceeds the threshold, automatically adjust the inlet area to maintain the static pressure of the poultry house.

8. The small environment control system for poultry houses with functions of temperature adjustment, humidity adjustment and static pressure adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment method for the wet curtain water flow rate is as follows: When the latent heat caused by the evaporation heat dissipation of the poultry body exceeds the threshold, the wet curtain runoff is determined by the following formula: where pi is the latent heat of vaporization of water, and g is the heat dissipation efficiency, with a value ranging from 0.7 to 0.9.

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