BIM-based port yard construction safety risk dynamic assessment method and system
By employing a BIM-based method for safety risk assessment in port yard construction, and utilizing 3D models and deep learning models, the dynamic and targeted nature of risk assessment in port yard construction was addressed, enabling accurate risk identification and assessment during the construction phase.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 天津东方泰瑞科技有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
Smart Images
Figure CN120408805B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction engineering safety management technology, specifically to a method and system for dynamic assessment of construction safety risks in port yards based on Building Information Modeling (BIM), applicable to construction safety management of large-scale infrastructure projects such as port engineering and yard construction. Background Technology
[0002] Port construction projects typically involve long construction periods, and the construction environment is greatly affected by natural conditions and geological factors. With numerous on-site personnel and equipment, and complex construction organization, how to scientifically and rationally conduct risk assessments and identify major risk factors to develop targeted control measures for construction and contracting units is a key focus of the industry. Current research is limited to wharf projects, and assessments often employ assignment methods and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation methods, without addressing the land-based infrastructure. Corresponding construction risk assessments for wharf projects should receive increasing attention.
[0003] There is a lack of research on dynamic risk assessment for port yard construction safety in existing technologies. Generally, dynamic risk assessment is achieved by adapting index values, and the risk assessment is not very targeted. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a BIM-based method and system for dynamic assessment of safety risks in port yard construction, which solves the problems existing in the prior art.
[0005] This invention provides a BIM-based method for dynamic assessment of safety risks in port yard construction, comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1: Create a 3D BIM model of the port yard;
[0007] S2: Based on the 3D BIM model of the port yard, construction is obtained according to different construction stages.
[0008] Security risk points;
[0009] S3: Conduct dynamic assessments of construction safety risks at different construction stages;
[0010] S4: Determine the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.
[0011] Preferably, S3 specifically comprises:
[0012] S3.1: Establish a hierarchical model for construction safety risk points at different construction stages;
[0013] S3.2: Establish a deep learning model for risk assessment of risk points;
[0014] S3.3: Based on the deep learning model, predict the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.
[0015] Preferably, S3.1 specifically involves: decomposing the safety risk assessment problem for construction safety risk points at different construction stages into a target layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The target layer is the safety risk assessment for port yard construction; the criterion layer includes construction environmental factors, geological conditions, and meteorological and hydrological factors; and the indicator layer consists of specific risk indicators under each criterion layer. The risk indicators under the construction environmental factors criterion layer include: distance from the shore to the project, shelter conditions in the project's water area, water depth in the project's water area, obstacles around the construction site, typhoon shelter anchorage, and project site selection.
[0016] Risk indicators under the geological condition factor criterion layer include: bank slope geology and wharf construction area geology;
[0017] Risk indicators under the meteorological and hydrological factor criterion layer include: typhoon or gale, wind conditions, wave height, tidal range, tidal current, foggy days, freezing, and degree of siltation;
[0018] Construct a judgment matrix by comparing the importance of risk indicators at the same level with a certain risk indicator at the next higher level through expert scoring, and construct the judgment matrix for each level.
[0019] Determine the element a of the matrix ij The value represents the comparison of the relative importance of risk indicator i and risk indicator j, and its value ranges from 1 to 9 and its reciprocal;
[0020] Calculate the largest eigenvalue of the judgment matrix λ max and the corresponding feature vector W eigenvectors W After normalization, the relative weights of each element are obtained.
[0021] The formula for calculating the weights is as follows:
[0022] ;
[0023] In the formula, n is the number of elements. w i To determine the eigenvector elements of a matrix;
[0024] A consistency test is performed, calculating the consistency index CI and the random consistency index RI to determine whether the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency. If CI / RI < 0.1, the judgment matrix is considered to have satisfactory consistency; otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted.
[0025] in, , RI The value is obtained from the random consistency index table based on the order of the judgment matrix.
[0026] Preferably, in step S3.2, the deep learning model is a deep neural network.
[0027] Preferably, the deep learning model includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The activation function of the hidden layer is the Sigmoid function, the output layer uses the Softmax function as the activation function, the connection mode between the nodes of each layer is fully connected, the loss function of the training process is the mean squared error function, and the weights and biases of the model are updated using gradient descent.
[0028] Preferably, in step S3.3, the input to the deep learning model is the value of the indicator layer corresponding to the risk point and the corresponding weight; the output of the deep learning model is the risk assessment level of the corresponding risk point.
[0029] Preferably, in step S4, determining the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment level of each risk point specifically involves:
[0030] If a major risk point appears during the construction phase, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be classified as high risk; if no major risk point appears during the construction phase, but the number of relatively large risk points is greater than 3, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be classified as high risk.
[0031] If no major risks emerge during the construction phase, but there are at least three relatively significant risks, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is classified as medium risk.
[0032] If no major or significant risks emerge during the construction phase, and only general or low risks are identified, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is low risk.
[0033] If all risk points in the construction phase are considered risk-free, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is considered risk-free.
[0034] Preferably, S1 specifically involves: extracting relevant information from the port yard's design drawings, construction plans, and geological survey reports, including the yard's dimensions, layout, structural type, and material parameters;
[0035] At the same time, laser scanning and drone photography technologies are used to conduct three-dimensional scanning of the construction site to obtain information on the site's topography, existing buildings, and underground pipelines.
[0036] Finally, relevant information, along with on-site topography, existing buildings, and underground pipeline information, is integrated into the BIM software to create a 3D BIM model of the port yard.
[0037] Preferably, S2 specifically involves: dividing the port yard construction process into different stages in the BIM model, then determining the construction environment parameters for the different construction stages based on historical meteorological and hydrological data, and simulating construction conditions based on the construction environment parameters to obtain the construction safety risk points for different stages.
[0038] According to another aspect of the present invention, a BIM-based dynamic assessment system for safety risks in port yard construction is provided. The system employs the aforementioned BIM-based dynamic assessment method for safety risks in port yard construction, and the system comprises:
[0039] The BIM model creation module is used to create a 3D BIM model of the port yard.
[0040] The risk point identification module is used to identify construction safety risk points based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard according to different construction stages.
[0041] The risk point risk level assessment module is used to dynamically assess the construction safety risks of the construction safety risk points at different construction stages.
[0042] The Port Yard Construction Safety Dynamic Risk Assessment Module is used to determine the Port Yard Construction Safety Risk Assessment Results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.
[0043] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects:
[0044] This invention first utilizes the construction simulation function of a BIM model to determine risk points at different construction stages based on construction environment parameters. Essentially, this is equivalent to conducting a rough safety risk assessment of port yard construction to identify potential risk points. Then, based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the weights of different risk points at different construction stages are determined. The risk point values and corresponding weights are then input into a deep learning model to obtain risk assessment results for risk points at different construction stages. Finally, based on the risk assessment levels of each risk point at different construction stages, the corresponding port yard construction safety risk assessment results are determined. This approach achieves dynamic assessment of port yard construction safety risks and, by leveraging the risk assessment of safety points, makes the port yard construction safety risk assessment more targeted. Attached Figure Description
[0045] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a BIM-based dynamic assessment method for safety risks in port yard construction, provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
[0047] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a dynamic assessment of construction safety risks at different construction stages, provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0049] Appendix Figure 1 A flowchart of a BIM-based dynamic assessment method for safety risks in port yard construction is shown in the attached diagram. Figure 1 As shown, a BIM-based dynamic assessment method for safety risks in port yard construction includes the following steps:
[0050] S1: Create a 3D BIM model of the port yard;
[0051] Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a three-dimensional digital technology for managing the entire lifecycle of a building. By integrating diverse data such as geometric information, physical attributes, functional parameters, and construction logic, it constructs a dynamic and visualized engineering information carrier. Based on parametric design tools (such as Revit and Tekla), it builds high-precision three-dimensional models, supports multi-view viewing and dynamic section analysis, and includes structured information such as component geometric dimensions, material properties, and construction sequence. Through the application of BIM models, port yard construction can achieve a transformation from "experience-driven" to "data-driven," providing reliable technical support for dynamic safety risk assessment.
[0052] Specifically, S1 involves extracting relevant information from port yard design drawings, construction plans, geological survey reports, and other materials, including the yard's dimensions, layout, structural type, and material parameters.
[0053] At the same time, laser scanning, drone photography and other technologies are used to conduct three-dimensional scanning of the construction site to obtain information such as the topography, existing buildings and underground pipelines.
[0054] Finally, the above data is integrated into BIM software to create a 3D BIM model of the port yard.
[0055] S2: Based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard, construction safety risk points are obtained according to different construction stages;
[0056] As mentioned above, BIM model is a three-dimensional digital building lifecycle management technology. By integrating diverse data such as geometric information, physical attributes, functional parameters, and construction logic, it constructs a dynamic and visualized engineering information carrier. It builds a high-precision three-dimensional model based on parametric design tools, supporting multi-view viewing and dynamic section analysis. Therefore, based on the established BIM model, construction safety risk points at different stages can be obtained by simulating construction conditions.
[0057] In this step, the different construction stages include the foundation trench and bank slope excavation stage, the foundation engineering construction stage, the wharf structure type construction stage, and the wharf superstructure engineering construction stage.
[0058] Specifically, S2 involves dividing the port yard construction process into different stages in the BIM model, determining the construction environment parameters for each stage based on historical meteorological and hydrological data, and simulating construction conditions based on these parameters to obtain the construction safety risk points for each stage.
[0059] With the help of the construction simulation function of the BIM model, in this step, the risk points of different construction stages are determined according to the construction environment parameters. In essence, this is equivalent to conducting a rough safety risk assessment of the port yard construction to identify the possible risk points. Based on this, the determination of the construction environment parameters of different construction stages based on historical meteorological and hydrological data specifically involves selecting the most extreme meteorological and hydrological data with the greatest impact on construction safety from the historical meteorological and hydrological data as the construction environment parameters of different construction stages.
[0060] In this step, the simulated construction environment parameters are consistent across different stages. However, due to the different construction stages, the risk points may differ at each stage.
[0061] S3: Conduct dynamic assessments of construction safety risks at different construction stages;
[0062] Through the above steps, the construction safety risk points at different construction stages were obtained. Since the construction safety risk points may be different at different stages, dynamic assessment of construction safety risks was achieved.
[0063] Specifically, as shown in the attached document Figure 2 As shown, S3 specifically includes:
[0064] S3.1: Establish a hierarchical model of construction safety risk points for different construction stages;
[0065] The problem of safety risk assessment for port yard construction is decomposed into three layers: target layer, criterion layer, and indicator layer. The target layer is the safety risk assessment for port yard construction; the criterion layer includes construction environmental factors, geological conditions, meteorological and hydrological factors, etc.; and the indicator layer consists of specific risk indicators under each criterion layer.
[0066] Table 1 shows the safety risk assessment indicators for port yard construction. The risk indicators under the construction environment factor criterion layer include: distance from the shore of the project, shelter conditions of the water area of the project, water depth of the water area of the project, obstacles around the construction site, anchorage for typhoon protection and wind shelter, and project site selection.
[0067] Risk indicators under the geological condition factor criterion layer include: bank slope geology and wharf construction area geology;
[0068] Risk indicators under the meteorological and hydrological factor criterion layer include: typhoon or gale, wind conditions, wave height, tidal range, tidal current, foggy days, freezing (ice jam), and degree of siltation;
[0069] Table 1 Safety Risk Assessment Indicators for Port Yard Construction
[0070]
[0071] Construct a judgment matrix by comparing the importance of risk indicators at the same level with a certain risk indicator at the next higher level through expert scoring, and construct the judgment matrix for each level.
[0072] It is worth noting that due to different construction stages and different risk points, the expert scores may vary.
[0073] Determine the element a of the matrix ij The value represents the comparison of the relative importance of risk indicator i and risk indicator j, and its value ranges from 1 to 9 and its reciprocal;
[0074] Calculate the largest eigenvalue of the judgment matrix λ max and the corresponding feature vector W eigenvectors W After normalization, the relative weights of each element are obtained.
[0075] The formula for calculating the weights is as follows:
[0076]
[0077] In the formula, n is the number of elements. w i To determine the eigenvector elements of a matrix;
[0078] A consistency test is performed, calculating the consistency index CI and the random consistency index RI to determine whether the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency. If CI / RI < 0.1, the judgment matrix is considered to have satisfactory consistency; otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted.
[0079] in, , RI The value is obtained from the random consistency index table based on the order of the judgment matrix; through this step, the weights of different risk points for different construction stages can be obtained.
[0080] S3.2: Establish a deep learning model for risk assessment of risk points;
[0081] The deep learning model mentioned is a deep neural network (DNN). A deep neural network (DNN) is an algorithmic mathematical model that mimics the behavior of human neural networks and performs distributed parallel information processing. It processes and learns data through the interconnection of a large number of nodes (neurons). It contains multiple hidden layers, and the output of each hidden layer serves as the input of the next layer. Through layer-by-layer feature extraction and transformation, it can learn more complex patterns and hierarchical structures in the data. Multi-hidden-layer neural networks have achieved significant results in the field of risk assessment.
[0082] The deep learning model includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The activation function of the hidden layer is the Sigmoid function, and the output layer uses the Softmax function as the activation function. The connection mode between the nodes of each layer is fully connected. The loss function during training is the Mean Squared Error (MSE) function, and the gradient descent method is used to update the model's weights and biases.
[0083] S3.3: Based on the deep learning model, predict the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages;
[0084] The input to the deep learning model is the value of the indicator layer corresponding to the risk point and the corresponding weight; the output of the deep learning model is the risk assessment level of the corresponding risk point.
[0085] The risk assessment levels for the aforementioned risk points include: major risk, significant risk, general risk, low risk, and no risk.
[0086] In this step, a construction safety risk assessment is conducted on the risk points identified through the BIM model. That is, the deep learning model only assesses the safety risk of the input risk points, making the safety risk assessment more targeted.
[0087] S4: Determine the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.
[0088] Among them, the safety risk assessment results for port yard construction during the construction phase are high risk, medium risk, low risk, and no risk;
[0089] In this step, the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage are determined based on the risk assessment level of each risk point as follows:
[0090] If a major risk point appears during the construction phase, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be classified as high risk; if no major risk point appears during the construction phase, but the number of relatively large risk points is greater than 3, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be classified as high risk.
[0091] If no major risks emerge during the construction phase, but there are at least three relatively significant risks, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is classified as medium risk.
[0092] If no major or significant risks emerge during the construction phase, and only general or low risks are identified, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is low risk.
[0093] If all risk points in the construction phase are considered risk-free, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is considered risk-free.
[0094] Example 2: This invention also provides a BIM-based dynamic assessment system for safety risks in port yard construction. The system employs a BIM-based dynamic assessment method for safety risks in port yard construction as described in Example 1. The system includes:
[0095] The BIM model creation module is used to create a 3D BIM model of the port yard.
[0096] The risk point identification module is used to identify construction safety risk points based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard according to different construction stages.
[0097] The risk point risk level assessment module is used to dynamically assess the construction safety risks of the construction safety risk points at different construction stages.
[0098] The Port Yard Construction Safety Dynamic Risk Assessment Module is used to determine the Port Yard Construction Safety Risk Assessment Results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.
[0099] Example 3: The present invention also provides an electronic device, including one or more processors and a memory.
[0100] A processor can be a central processing unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit with data processing and / or instruction execution capabilities, and can control other components in an electronic device to perform desired functions.
[0101] The memory may include one or more computer program products, which may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and / or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random access memory (RAM) and / or cache memory. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read-only memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and a processor may execute the program instructions to implement the BIM-based dynamic assessment method for port yard construction safety risks described in any embodiment of this application above, and / or other desired functions. Various contents such as initial extrinsic parameters and thresholds may also be stored in the computer-readable storage medium.
[0102] In one example, the electronic device may also include input and output devices, which are interconnected via a bus system and / or other forms of connection (not shown). The input device may include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, etc. The output device may output various information to the outside, including warning messages, braking force, etc. The output device may include, for example, a display, a speaker, a printer, and a communication network and its connected remote output devices, etc.
[0103] Of course, for simplicity, components such as buses and input / output interfaces have been omitted. In addition, depending on the specific application, the electronic device may include any other appropriate components.
[0104] In addition to the methods and devices described above, embodiments of this application may also be computer program products, which include computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the function of the BIM-based dynamic assessment method for port yard construction safety risks provided in any embodiment of this application.
[0105] The computer program product can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages to perform the operations of the embodiments of this application. The programming languages include object-oriented programming languages such as Java and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages such as C or similar languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computing device, partially on the user's computing device, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computing device and partially on a remote computing device, or entirely on a remote computing device or server.
[0106] Furthermore, embodiments of this application may also be computer-readable storage media storing computer program instructions thereon, which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to implement the BIM-based dynamic assessment method for port yard construction safety risks provided in any embodiment of this application.
[0107] The computer-readable storage medium may be any combination of one or more readable media. A readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. A readable storage medium may be, for example, an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of readable storage media (a non-exhaustive list) include: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof.
[0108] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A BIM-based dynamic assessment method for safety risks in port yard construction, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Establish a 3D BIM model of the port yard; S1 specifically involves: extracting relevant information from the port yard's design drawings, construction plans, and geological survey reports, including the yard's dimensions, layout, structural type, and material parameters; At the same time, laser scanning and drone photography technologies are used to conduct three-dimensional scanning of the construction site to obtain information on the site's topography, existing buildings, and underground pipelines. Finally, relevant information, along with the site's topography, existing buildings, and underground pipeline information, is integrated into the BIM software to create a 3D BIM model of the port yard. S2: Based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard, construction safety risk points are obtained according to different construction stages; S2 specifically involves: dividing the port yard construction process into different stages in the BIM model, then determining the construction environment parameters of the different construction stages based on historical meteorological and hydrological data, and simulating construction conditions based on the construction environment parameters to obtain construction safety risk points for different stages. S3: Conduct dynamic assessments of construction safety risks at different construction stages; S4: Determine the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.
2. The method for dynamic assessment of port yard construction safety risks based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: Specifically, S3 is: S3.1: Establish a hierarchical model for safety risk assessment of port yard construction; S3.2: Establish a deep learning model for risk assessment of risk points; S3.3: Based on the deep learning model, predict the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.
3. The method for dynamic assessment of port yard construction safety risks based on BIM as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Specifically, S3.1 involves decomposing the safety risk assessment problem for construction safety risk points at different construction stages into a target layer, a criterion layer, and an indicator layer. The target layer is the safety risk assessment for port yard construction; the criterion layer includes construction environmental factors, geological conditions, and meteorological and hydrological factors; and the indicator layer consists of specific risk indicators under each criterion layer. The risk indicators under the construction environmental factors criterion layer include: distance from the shore of the project, shelter conditions of the project's water area, water depth of the project's water area, obstacles around the construction site, typhoon shelter anchorage, and project site selection. Risk indicators under the geological condition factor criterion layer include: bank slope geology and wharf construction area geology; Risk indicators under the meteorological and hydrological factor criterion layer include: typhoon or gale, wind conditions, wave height, tidal range, tidal current, foggy days, freezing, and degree of siltation; Construct a judgment matrix by comparing the importance of risk indicators at the same level with a certain risk indicator at the next higher level through expert scoring, and construct the judgment matrix for each level. Determine the element a of the matrix ij The value represents the comparison of the relative importance of risk indicator i and risk indicator j, and its value ranges from 1 to 9 and its reciprocal; Calculate the largest eigenvalue of the judgment matrix λ max and the corresponding feature vector W eigenvectors W After normalization, the relative weights of each element are obtained. The formula for calculating the weights is as follows: In the formula, n is the number of elements. w i To determine the eigenvector elements of a matrix; A consistency test is performed, and the consistency index CI and the random consistency index RI are calculated to determine whether the judgment matrix has satisfactory consistency. When CI / RI < 0.1, the judgment matrix is considered to have satisfactory consistency; otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be adjusted. in, , RI The value is obtained from the random consistency index table based on the order of the judgment matrix.
4. The method for dynamic assessment of port yard construction safety risks based on BIM as described in claim 2, characterized in that: In S3.2, the deep learning model is a deep neural network.
5. The BIM-based dynamic assessment method for port yard construction safety risks according to claim 4, characterized in that: The deep learning model includes an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The activation function of the hidden layer is the Sigmoid function, and the output layer uses the Softmax function as the activation function. The connection mode between the nodes of each layer is fully connected. The loss function during training is the mean squared error function, and the gradient descent method is used to update the model's weights and biases.
6. The method for dynamic assessment of port yard construction safety risks based on BIM according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3.3, the input to the deep learning model is the value of the indicator layer corresponding to the risk point and the corresponding weight; The output of the deep learning model is the risk assessment level for the corresponding risk point.
7. The method for dynamic assessment of port yard construction safety risks based on BIM according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4, the port yard construction safety risk assessment results for the corresponding construction stage are determined based on the risk assessment level of each risk point as follows: If a major risk point appears during the construction phase, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be classified as high risk; if no major risk point appears during the construction phase, but the number of relatively large risk points is greater than 3, the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase will be classified as high risk. If no major risks emerge during the construction phase, but there are at least three relatively significant risks, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is classified as medium risk. If no major or significant risks emerge during the construction phase, and only general or low risks are identified, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is low risk. If all risk points in the construction phase are considered risk-free, then the safety risk assessment result for that construction phase is considered risk-free.
8. A BIM-based dynamic assessment system for safety risks in port yard construction, characterized in that, The system employs a BIM-based dynamic risk assessment method for port yard construction as described in any one of claims 1-7, and the system comprises: The BIM model creation module is used to create a 3D BIM model of the port yard. The risk point identification module is used to identify construction safety risk points based on the three-dimensional BIM model of the port yard according to different construction stages. The risk point risk level assessment module is used to dynamically assess the construction safety risks of the construction safety risk points at different construction stages. The Port Yard Construction Safety Dynamic Risk Assessment Module is used to determine the Port Yard Construction Safety Risk Assessment Results for the corresponding construction stage based on the risk assessment level of each risk point in different construction stages.