Water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method and equipment for drainage basin monitoring

Abstract

The invention provides a water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method and equipment for watershed monitoring, and the method carries out the target analysis of a constellation task, and comprises the steps: determining a revisit time interval needed by the whole watershed monitoring according to the satisfaction degree of the satellite revisit time for the water and electricity monitoring demands; determining constellation design parameters according to a constellation task target analysis result; the circular earth projection is equivalent to a square, and the number of orbital planes, the number of same-orbit satellites and the total number of satellites meeting the target revisit interval time on different latitude circles are determined through geometric analysis; and generating and outputting a water conservancy satellite constellation configuration result covering the whole watershed. According to the water conservancy satellite constellation configuration scheme provided by the invention, the stability of the constellation configuration, the ground coverage symmetry, the launching condition and the cost can be comprehensively considered, the resource requirement is relatively low, and the construction of the water conservancy satellite constellation is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of satellite constellation design, and particularly relates to a technical solution for the configuration design of a water conservancy satellite constellation suitable for basin monitoring. Background Art

[0002] There is little research on the configuration of water conservancy satellite constellations for China's major river basins in the prior art, and a relatively mature professional satellite constellation for the water conservancy industry has not been formed yet. There are mainly three methods for constellation configuration design:

[0003] (1) Geometric analysis method, that is, the coverage performance under different constellation configurations is obtained through geometric and analytical calculations. The main steps include spherical geometric modeling, configuration of orbital plane model, analysis of sub-satellite point trajectories, etc.

[0004] (2) Simulation comparison method, that is, multiple constellation schemes are designed through computer software technology, and the most suitable scheme design that meets the design requirements is determined by comparing the performance indicators of each scheme.

[0005] (3) Iterative optimization algorithm, that is, the iterative optimization algorithm is based on a reliable method for calculating constellation performance through constellation configuration. The algorithm model is used to continuously iterate out a constellation configuration that meets the task objective requirements, so as to determine the optimal design scheme.

[0006] The coverage areas of the above methods are mostly global coverage or local small-scale hot city area coverage, and there is little research on constellation design for regional coverage and monitoring of river basins. The ground features of most river basins are mostly continuous water bodies, vegetation, cultivated land, etc. The movement and change speeds of these targets are slow and the integrity is strong. Therefore, even if there is a certain revisit time interval, the targets can be tracked and monitored, and continuous coverage is not required. And in practice, although the geometric analysis method is intuitive and the calculation is simple, for regional coverage, there is often no linear correlation between the coverage index and the constellation configuration; although the simulation comparison method has the advantage of diversity, due to the large number of constellation design parameters, if each parameter is arranged and combined in sequence, the workload is large and it is not easy to quickly find the optimal solution; although the iterative optimization algorithm has a small workload and a fast calculation speed, the optimization problem of the algorithm model is currently a research difficulty in designing and optimizing constellations. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that there is no specific and reliable design scheme for water conservancy satellite constellations for repeated monitoring of river basins at home and abroad, and to provide a relatively practical constellation configuration design that meets the revisit period of river basins, which helps to promote the construction of water conservancy satellite constellations.

[0008] Another purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of generally large calculation amount, slow calculation speed and complex algorithm in constellation design.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention provides a method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for watershed monitoring, including the following processes:

[0010] Analysis of constellation mission objectives, including determining the required revisit time interval for full-watershed monitoring according to the satisfaction degree of hydropower monitoring requirements by satellite revisit time;

[0011] Determining constellation design parameters according to the results obtained from the analysis of constellation mission objectives;

[0012] Equivalent circular earth projection to a square, and determining the number of orbital planes, the number of satellites in the same orbit, and the total number of satellites on different latitude circles that meet the target revisit interval time through geometric analysis;

[0013] Generating and outputting the configuration result of the water conservancy satellite constellation covering the entire watershed.

[0014] Moreover, under the condition of meeting the main business requirements, determine the required revisit time interval for full-watershed monitoring of the watershed.

[0015] Moreover, the constellation design parameters include orbital altitude, orbital inclination, orbital eccentricity, constellation configuration, number of orbital planes, and position distribution.

[0016] Moreover, the orbital inclination is determined by the minimum average revisit time of a single satellite at different inclinations.

[0017] Moreover, based on the equivalence of circular earth projection to a square, the coverage time of the satellite beam center and edge to the target is kept the same, and the interval time between adjacent beams is also the same.

[0018] Moreover, based on the principle of equal equivalent earth projection area, through geometric analysis, according to the central angle corresponding to the equivalent square and the angle turned during the revisit interval time, determine the number of satellite orbital planes and the number of satellites in the same orbit, and obtain a discontinuous coverage constellation on the corresponding latitude circle that meets the target revisit interval time.

[0019] Moreover, the generating and outputting the configuration result of the water conservancy satellite constellation covering the entire watershed includes creating the simulation revisit time of the Walker constellation under different sequence combinations, and determining the constellation design scheme that can not only meet the revisit time requirements of the constellation but also meet the cost requirements through simulation.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the above-mentioned method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for watershed monitoring.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned method for the configuration of a water conservancy satellite constellation for watershed monitoring.

[0022] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned method for the configuration of a water conservancy satellite constellation for watershed monitoring.

[0023] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] (1) A constellation design scheme for interval revisit of watersheds is proposed. Taking the Yellow River Basin as an example, considering the stability of the constellation configuration, the uniformity of ground coverage, launch conditions, and cost, it is shown that the Walker constellation design scheme with a 12 / 3 / 1 configuration at an inclination of 40°, that is, the number of orbital planes is 3 orbits (the right ascension of the ascending node is evenly distributed at an equal angle of 120°), and the number of satellites per orbit is 4 (the phases of each satellite differ by 90°) is the optimal constellation configuration. Under this design, the average revisit period of all sub-satellite points in the watershed is 35.95 minutes, and the maximum revisit period is 52.72 minutes, meeting the constellation design requirements for a 1-hour revisit period in the watershed. Compared with traditional methods, the calculation is simple and fast, and the reliability is relatively high.

[0025] (2) Save labor and material costs. In traditional satellite constellation design methods, whether it is the geometric analysis method or the simulation comparison and iterative algorithm, their complexity and requirements for computer hardware are quite high, while this method has relatively low resource requirements.

[0026] (3) Promote the construction of a water conservancy satellite constellation. This method has reference value for designing a water conservancy satellite constellation in a watershed.

[0027] (4) Can be widely promoted. This method is applicable to different watersheds. By substituting and replacing the corresponding parameter indicators and target revisit time intervals, the corresponding optimal design scheme can be obtained, having certain applicability and promotional value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the drawings included in the document will be briefly described below. It should be clear that these drawings only represent several embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the relevant art, without additional creative work, they can completely derive other possible drawings based on these drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the revisit period of a single satellite at different orbital inclinations in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the equivalent coverage area in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a calculation result diagram of the constellation design algorithm under different latitude circles of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of revisit times of different schemes under each orbital inclination of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the constellation model of the 12 / 3 / 1 scheme of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic comparison diagram of the configuration effects of the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] The ground object elements in most river basins are mostly continuous water bodies, vegetation, cultivated land, etc. The moving and changing speeds of these targets are relatively slow and the integrity is relatively strong. Therefore, even if there is a certain revisit time interval, the targets can be tracked and monitored, and continuous coverage is not required, thus greatly reducing the computational workload and algorithm complexity of constellation design. The present invention is based on the design requirements of interval revisit. First, the constellation mission objectives are analyzed to determine the revisit time interval of the water conservancy satellite constellation. Then, the constellation design parameters are analyzed to initially determine important indicators such as orbital altitude, orbital inclination, orbital eccentricity, constellation configuration, number of orbital planes, and phase. Then, the circular ground projection is equivalently regarded as a square, and the number P of orbital planes, the number Q of satellites per orbit, and the total number N of satellites that satisfy the target revisit interval time of ΔT on different latitude circles are deduced through geometric analysis formulas. Finally, the constellation indicators analyzed and determined in the second step are substituted into the STK simulation software to obtain the revisit times of different schemes under each orbital inclination. According to the constraint of the revisit interval time, the optimal constellation design scheme is found. The number P of orbital planes, the number Q of satellites per orbit, and the total number N of satellites that satisfy the target revisit interval time of ΔT on different latitude circles are deduced through geometric analysis formulas. Finally, the constellation indicators analyzed and determined in the second step are substituted into the STK simulation software to obtain the revisit times of different schemes under each orbital inclination. According to the constraint of the revisit interval time, the optimal constellation design scheme is found.

[0037] A method for the configuration of a water conservancy satellite constellation for river basin monitoring provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes the following processes:

[0038] S1 Constellation mission objective analysis: Determine the target revisit time interval according to the satisfaction degree of the hydropower monitoring requirements by the satellite revisit time.

[0039] In the embodiment, taking the Yellow River Basin as an example, according to the requirements of the water conservancy industry, the time interval (revisit time) of the monitoring service can range from 5 minutes to 1 year. The analysis results of the satisfaction degree of different revisit times for each monitoring service are shown in Table 1.

[0040] Table 1 Analysis of the Satisfaction Degree of Satellite Revisit Time for Hydropower Monitoring Requirements

[0041] <L

[0042]

[0043] Generally speaking, when the revisit time of the satellite reaches 1 day, 57% of the industry application requirements can be met; when the revisit time reaches 12 hours, 65% of the industry application requirements can be met; if the revisit time of the satellite reaches 6 hours, 76% of the industry application requirements can be met; if the revisit time of the satellite reaches 1 hour, 94% of the industry application requirements can be met. Therefore, the preferred solution adopted in the embodiment is to determine the revisit time of the satellite constellation as 1 hour under the condition of meeting the main business requirements.

[0044] S2 Constellation Design Parameter Analysis:

[0045] In the embodiment, each constellation design parameter is determined according to the analysis results of the constellation mission objectives. Further, the orbital altitude is referred to the existing mature LEO orbit satellites; the orbital inclination is determined by the minimum value of the average revisit time FOM of a single satellite under different angular sequences; the orbital eccentricity is determined by the theoretical analysis method; the constellation configuration, the number of orbital planes and the position distribution are all determined by the literature analysis method. In the embodiment, the specific implementation of the constellation design parameter analysis for the Yellow River Basin is as follows:

[0046] (1) Orbital Altitude

[0047] Considering the existing high-resolution imaging capabilities of satellites, the satellite constellation designed in this scheme is positioned as a water conservancy small satellite constellation. Its orbital altitude should not be set too high, otherwise it will be affected by high-energy particles, and the resolution and imaging quality will also be affected; the orbit should not be too low, otherwise it is easily affected by the space environment. Therefore, a low-orbit orbital design altitude of 500 km is adopted.

[0048] (2) Orbital Inclination

[0049] The orbital plane inclination has an important impact on the satellite's ground coverage ability. For any orbital inclination i, the latitude range of the sub-satellite point sequence that can be covered by it is As follows:

[0050]

[0051] As can be seen from the above formula, the larger the orbital inclination, the wider the range covered by the ground track sequence of the satellite, and the stronger the coverage performance. However, for a mission planning constellation that only covers a specific area, it is not the case that the larger the orbital inclination, the stronger the coverage. Moreover, a higher orbital inclination also increases the requirements for launch capabilities. According to the analysis results in (1), an orbital altitude of 500 km is taken, and the average revisit time is obtained through preliminary simulation with a single satellite under different orbital inclination settings as Figure 1 shown. Among them, part (a) shows the average revisit time under orbital pre-inclinations from 32° to 90°, and part (b) shows the average revisit time under orbital pre-inclinations from 37° to 45°. The results in the figure show that the revisit period of a single satellite reaches a minimum value when the orbital plane inclination is 40°.

[0052] (3) Orbital eccentricity

[0053] To ensure that the resolutions of remote sensing images of different regions within the basin are consistent, it is more scientific and reasonable to use a circular orbit with an eccentricity of zero.

[0054] (4) Constellation configuration, number of orbital planes and position distribution

[0055] In the embodiment, the Walker constellation is preferably adopted as the satellite constellation arrangement method. This method has the characteristic of uniform satellite distribution, which helps to reduce coverage overlap, improve the overall efficiency of the system, and avoid waste of resources. In addition, this constellation configuration has good regional coverage characteristics, high reliability and relatively low cost. Therefore, the Walker-σ constellation configuration design is preferably adopted in this embodiment. During specific implementation, the number of orbital planes should be determined by comprehensively considering aspects such as the energy consumption of rocket launches, the phase reorientation of satellites in the constellation, and the improvement of constellation performance. Since the number of launches of the launch vehicle is equal to the number of orbital planes of the constellation, in order to reduce the launch cost, on the premise that the total number of satellites N is determined, the number of satellite orbital planes should be minimized on the basis of ensuring the stability of the constellation configuration and uniform ground coverage.

[0056] S3 Geometric analysis and equivalent projection on the ground

[0057] The present invention proposes that in order to make the coverage time of the target by the satellite beam center and the edge the same, and the interval time between adjacent beams the same, the circular projection on the ground is equivalent to a square, as Figure 2As shown in the figure: under the condition of continuous coverage, the satellite beams will overlap, while under the condition of interval revisit, there will be coverage gaps between the beams of adjacent satellites. During the ground scanning process, the satellite beams are mostly circular projections on the ground. The interval time between two adjacent beams and the coverage time of the beam center and edge on the target are different. Therefore, it is necessary to equate the circular projection on the ground to a square, and the equivalent square has the same area as the original circular projection. Therefore, using the equivalent square projection on the ground to achieve interval revisit of the coverage target can greatly reduce the number of satellites required, thereby greatly reducing costs. Then, based on the principle of equal area of equivalent projection on the ground, through geometric analysis, according to the corresponding geocentric angle of the equivalent square and the angle rotated during the revisit interval, the number of satellite orbital planes and the number of satellites on the same track are determined, and a non-continuous coverage constellation that meets the target revisit interval time on the corresponding latitude circle is obtained.

[0058] The calculation formulas for the geocentric angle corresponding to the half beam width under circular projection and the geocentric angle corresponding to the half side length of the equivalent square are as follows:

[0059]

[0060] S1=πR 2 a 2 (4)

[0061] S2= (2Rψ1 ) 2 (5)

[0062] S1=S2 (6)

[0063] Where: R is the radius of the Earth, in km; H is the satellite orbit altitude, in km; E is the minimum elevation angle of the ground target, usually 10°; a is the geocentric angle corresponding to the lower half beam width of the circular projection on the Earth, in degrees; ψ1 is the geocentric angle corresponding to the half side length of the square, in degrees; S1 is the circular projection area on the Earth; S2 is the equivalent square projection area on the Earth.

[0064] In the embodiment, for the Yellow River Basin, when the satellite orbit altitude determined in (1) is 500 km, the period of one revolution is 92.58 minutes; the geocentric angle a corresponding to the calculated circular half-beam width is 14.05°, and the geocentric angle ψ1 corresponding to the equivalent square is 12.45°.

[0065] Assuming the revisit interval time is ΔT and the orbital period is T, the geocentric angle Δψ corresponding to the revisit interval is:

[0066]

[0067] The revisit interval between orbits is related to the Earth's rotation, and the angular velocity of the Earth's rotation is ω e =0.00417807° / s, the angle rotated during the revisit interval is:

[0068] Δω = ΔTω e (8)

[0069] Let the number of satellite orbital planes be P, then the geocentric angle between adjacent orbital planes is Δω + 2ψ1; let the number of satellites in the same orbit be Q, then the geocentric angle covered by all satellites in this orbital plane is 2ψ1Q, and the interval angle is (Q - 1)Δψ. Therefore, for a target located on the equator under the condition of interval coverage, the calculation formulas for the number of orbital planes P, the number of satellites Q, and the total number of satellites N are as follows:

[0070] P(Δω + 2ψ1) = π (9)

[0071] 2ψ1Q + (Q - 1)Δψ = 2π (10)

[0072] PQ = N (11)

[0073] If the target is located on the latitude circle with latitude, since the increase in latitude only affects the value of the number of orbital planes P, then ψ1 and Δω can be converted as follows:

[0074]

[0075] Substitute and Δω ′ into the values of ψ1 and Δω in formulas (7) and (8), calculate the values of P and Q and round them, then a discontinuous coverage constellation with a revisit interval time of ΔT for the target on the latitude circle can be obtained.

[0076] Set the revisit time interval ΔT to 60 minutes, calculate and round the number of orbits P, the number of satellites per orbit Q, and the total number of satellites N at each latitude for the latitude circle with values ranging from 32° to 60°, as shown in Figure 3 . It can be seen from the figure that when the inclination angle is between 38° and 40°, the number of satellites required for the constellation is the least.

[0077] S4 generates and outputs the configuration result of the water conservancy satellite constellation covering the entire basin:

[0078] The preferred implementation method in the embodiment is to perform STK simulation based on the free combination sequence: in the satellite toolkit STK11, determine each constellation design parameter according to the constellation mission objective analysis result to create an Orbit Wizard, attach a single sensor Sensor to the satellite Satellite, and then create the Walker constellation simulation with different sequence combinations for the revisit time interval, including the average value and the maximum value, through the Walker Tool.

[0079] In the embodiment, for the Yellow River Basin, considering that the revisit time of a single satellite to the target area reaches the minimum value at an orbital inclination of 39° to 41°, a designed orbital altitude of 500 km is taken, and simulations are carried out under the combined sequences of different orbital inclinations of 39°, 40°, 41°, 45°, 55°, and 98° (sun-synchronous orbit) with different numbers of orbits P and the number of satellites Q on each orbital plane. The STK simulation period for this time is from 00:00:00.000 on 1 Jan 2025 to 00:00:00.000 on 31 Jan 2025, totaling 30 days. The results of the average revisit time and the maximum revisit time of the constellation under each orbital inclination are as Figure 4 shown, verifying the calculation results obtained in step S3. Among them, part (a) shows the revisit time of different schemes under an orbital inclination of 39°, part (b) shows the revisit time of different schemes under an orbital inclination of 40°, part (c) shows the revisit time of different schemes under an orbital inclination of 41°, part (d) shows the revisit time of different schemes under an orbital inclination of 45°, part (e) shows the revisit time of different schemes under an orbital inclination of 55°, and part (f) shows the revisit time of different schemes under an orbital inclination of 98°. The design schemes with a maximum revisit period less than 60 min are all feasible solutions, and the feasible solutions can all meet the requirement of full coverage of the Yellow River Basin. The scheme with the lowest cost, that is, the scheme with the least total number of satellites, is the optimal solution. By comprehensively comparing the calculation results and the simulation analysis results, and considering that the lower the number of orbits, the lower the launch cost, the constellation design scheme with 3 orbits, 4 satellites per orbit (the phase situation is that the phases of each satellite differ by 90°), a total of 12 satellites, is the best. It can not only meet the revisit time requirement of the constellation but also meet the cost requirement, as Figure 5 shown. The constellation model is denoted as the 12 / 3 / 1 scheme, where part (a) is the 3D satellite constellation model and part (b) is the 2D satellite constellation model. In 12 / 3 / 1, 1 is used to represent the phase value. When the phase is 1, it means that the satellites on the same orbit are evenly distributed at equal distances, that is, the phases of each satellite in the 12 / 3 / 1 scheme are equally spaced by 90°.

[0080] See Figure 6 the constellation design types shown. Part (a) is for continuous global coverage, part (b) is for continuous zone coverage, part (c) is for continuous regional coverage, and part (d) is for partial coverage. The constellation designed by the present invention is of the type that realizes part (d) coverage. Since the positions of water bodies and riverbanks are relatively fixed, intermittent revisit can meet the service requirements, thus greatly reducing the number of satellites required.

[0081] In specific implementation, the above scheme can also be used for the constellation configuration design of other basins.

[0082] In the above steps, the method for determining the satellite revisit time interval by analyzing the constellation mission objectives in step S1, the method for obtaining the orbital plane inclination corresponding to the minimum revisit period of a single satellite through experiments in step S2, and the method for obtaining the optimal design solution by simulating the target revisit time interval through free combination sequences belong to the key technologies proposed by the present invention. For other steps such as the revisit time interval simulation in S4, there are already existing relevant studies, and simulation can be performed based on the results of the previous steps, which will not be elaborated in the present invention.

[0083] In specific implementation, those skilled in the art can use software technology to realize the automatic operation of the above process. Correspondingly, if a water conservancy satellite constellation configuration scheme for watershed monitoring is provided, including a computer or a server, and the above process is executed on the computer or the server for the water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method for watershed monitoring, it should also be within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0084] In another embodiment, there is also provided an electronic device, including at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to execute the above-mentioned water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method for watershed monitoring.

[0085] In another embodiment, there is also provided a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are used to cause the computer to execute the above-mentioned water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method for watershed monitoring.

[0086] In another embodiment, there is also provided a computer program product, including a computer program, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method for watershed monitoring.

[0087] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative efforts.

[0088] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on such an understanding, the essence of the above technical solution or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0089] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of changes or substitutions, and all should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for watershed monitoring, characterized in that: including performing the following processes: Constellation mission objective analysis, including determining the revisit time interval required for full-basin monitoring based on the degree of satisfaction of hydropower monitoring requirements according to the satellite revisit time; Determining the constellation design parameters according to the results obtained from the constellation mission objective analysis; Equivalently projecting the circular earth projection into a square, and determining the number of orbital planes, the number of co-orbital satellites, and the total number of satellites on different latitude circles that meet the target revisit interval through geometric analysis; Generating and outputting the configuration result of the water conservancy satellite constellation covering the whole basin.

2. The method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for basin monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the revisit time interval required for full-basin monitoring of the basin under the condition of meeting the main business requirements.

3. The method for the configuration of a water conservancy satellite constellation for watershed monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: The constellation design parameters include orbital altitude, orbital inclination, orbital eccentricity, constellation configuration, the number of orbital planes, and position distribution.

4. The method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for basin monitoring according to claim 3, wherein: The orbital inclination is determined by the minimum value of the average revisit time of a single satellite at different inclinations.

5. The method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for basin monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: Based on the equivalent projection of the circular earth projection into a square, the coverage time of the satellite beam center and edge to the target is kept the same, and the interval time between adjacent beams is also the same.

6. The method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for basin monitoring according to claim 1, wherein: Based on the principle of equal equivalent projected area on the earth, through geometric analysis, according to the central angle corresponding to the equivalent square and the angle turned during the revisit interval, the number of satellite orbital planes and the number of co-orbital satellites are determined to obtain a discontinuous coverage constellation on the corresponding latitude circle that meets the target revisit interval.

7. The method for configuring a water conservancy satellite constellation for basin monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The generating and outputting the configuration result of the water conservancy satellite constellation covering the whole basin includes creating the Walker constellation simulation revisit time at different sequence combinations, and determining the constellation design scheme that can meet both the revisit time requirements of the constellation and the cost requirements through simulation.

8. An electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, it implements the water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method for basin monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method for basin monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the water conservancy satellite constellation configuration method for basin monitoring according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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