Bay environment simulation forecasting method and device

Abstract

The invention discloses a bay environment simulation forecasting method and device, relates to the technical field of marine environment forecasting, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, forecasting precision and forecasting timeliness cannot be taken into account when environment simulation forecasting is carried out on a bay. The method comprises the following steps: based on coastline data, performing encryption processing on a target sub-region in a target gulf region by adopting a curve orthogonal grid, and generating a variable-resolution refined curve orthogonal grid from an inshore region to an open sea region; based on a refined curve orthogonal grid, according to a model simulation data format requirement, a variable-resolution grid file is manufactured and obtained; determining a model input file based on the water depth topographic data and the variable resolution grid file; and inputting the model input file into a preset three-dimensional oblique pressure ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation forecast data. Therefore, the simulation precision requirements of different bay areas can be met, and the simulation calculation speed and the simulation calculation efficiency of the whole target bay area are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine environment forecasting, and in particular to a bay environment simulation forecasting method and device. Background Art

[0002] The semi-enclosed bay has a unique geographical environment, with many rivers and streams converging into it. It is rich in marine life and ecological environment resources, and occupies an important position in fisheries, shipping and tourism.

[0003] Currently, there are two main approaches to understanding the marine environment of semi-enclosed bays. The first is survey observation, which allows us to understand marine hydrodynamic factors such as water level, temperature, and salinity. This method also allows us to understand the spatial distribution and seasonal variations of marine ecological and environmental factors such as chlorophyll, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen at different depths and in the surface layer. The second method is marine numerical simulation, which is used to understand the three-dimensional spatial distribution and temporal variations of bay water level, tides, and water exchange.

[0004] Specifically, when using ocean numerical simulation methods to understand the marine environment of a semi-enclosed bay, it is often necessary to grid the bay area. However, existing technologies fail to design grids based on the characteristics of the bay area, and instead use the same grid density for both the offshore and nearshore areas of the bay. The drawbacks of this approach are: if the grid density is too low, the simulation accuracy of the environment near the coast of the bay will be insufficient; if the grid density is too high, the corresponding computational effort will be large. In particular, in real-world simulations, the simulation accuracy requirements for offshore areas are not as high as those for nearshore areas. If the grid density for both offshore and nearshore areas of the bay is the same, over-simulation of the offshore areas will result, which will increase the computational effort that was unnecessary. This will reduce the overall simulation efficiency of the bay. This field urgently needs a new numerical simulation method for the bay area that can meet the requirements for different resolutions in different areas of the bay while also ensuring simulation efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bay environment simulation and forecasting method and device, which is used to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot give consideration to both prediction accuracy and prediction timeliness when conducting bay environment simulation and forecasting.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a bay environment simulation and forecasting method, comprising:

[0008] Obtaining bathymetric topographic data and coastline data of the target bay area;

[0009] Based on the coastline data, a target sub-region in the target bay area is encrypted using a curvilinear orthogonal grid to generate a refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the nearshore area to the offshore area in the target bay area;

[0010] Based on the refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the nearshore area to the offshore area, a variable-resolution grid file is produced according to the requirements of the model simulation data format;

[0011] Optionally, the grid horizontal resolution in the variable-resolution grid file adaptively changes from a first length in the nearshore area to a second length in the offshore area; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10.

[0012] Optionally, determining the model input file based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file includes:

[0013] Based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file, a bathymetric variable-resolution grid file for the target bay area is generated;

[0014] Based on the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file, the model input file is produced.

[0015] Optionally, the variable-resolution grid file is a netcdf grid file;

[0016] Generating the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file for the target bay area based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file includes:

[0017] Reading the netcdf grid file and extracting the distribution information of seawater points and land points;

[0018] Based on the distribution information and the bathymetric data, performing refined processing on preset refined simulation points in the target bay area, dividing the vertical direction of the preset refined simulation points into a target number of layers, and calculating the coordinates of each layer to obtain processed data;

[0019] Saving the processed data to the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file.

[0020] Optionally, the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological prediction data under future climate scenarios;

[0021] Producing the model input file based on the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file includes:

[0022] Based on the bathymetric deformation resolution grid file, use a preset ROMS model preprocessor to produce the initial fields of hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial fields of ecological environmental elements, the historical surface forcing fields of wind fields, the historical surface forcing fields of heat fluxes, the future predicted surface forcing fields of wind fields, and the future predicted surface forcing fields of heat fluxes; wherein, the hydrodynamic environmental elements at least include temperature and salinity; the ecological environmental elements at least include chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0023] Optionally, the production of the model input file based on the bathymetric deformation resolution grid file further includes:

[0024] Based on the environmental characteristics of the target bay area, set the tidal current simulation parameters affecting tidal current simulation, the hydrodynamic simulation parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation, and the ecological environment parameters affecting ecological environment simulation;

[0025] Based on the bathymetric deformation resolution grid file, use a preset ROMS model preprocessor to produce the phase lags and amplitudes of tidal currents, produce the distribution data of hydrodynamic environmental elements, and produce the distribution data of ecological environmental elements.

[0026] Optionally, the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic submodel and a marine ecological submodel;

[0027] The inputting of the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation includes:

[0028] Use the model input file to perform three-dimensional coupling calculations between the tidal hydrodynamic submodel and the marine ecological submodel.

[0029] Optionally, the first length is greater than or equal to 50 meters, and the second length is greater than or equal to 1 kilometer. For example, the value range of the first length is [50, 100] meters.

[0030] Optionally, the bay environmental simulation and prediction method further includes:

[0031] Based on the simulation and prediction data, use a preset interpolation program to perform horizontal grid longitude and latitude transformation interpolation and vertical water layer interpolation to obtain interpolation data;

[0032] According to the interpolation data, combine computer graphics methods to draw horizontal distribution pictures and vertical distribution pictures;

[0033] Based on the simulation and prediction data, extract the initial field for the next prediction.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, a method for simulating and predicting the bay environment provided by the present invention, before the ROMS model is simulated and run, adopts a suitable method, for example, based on coastline data, uses curvilinear orthogonal grids to encrypt the target sub-region including the near-shore region in the target bay region to generate a variable-resolution grid file, where the horizontal resolution of the grids in the variable-resolution grid file adaptively changes from 0.103 km near the shore of a certain bay to 6.860 km in the open sea. Then, based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file, the model input file is determined and the model input file is input into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model to obtain simulation and prediction data. In this way, the obtained simulation and prediction data can ensure the simulation accuracy of the near-shore area and at the same time take into account the simulation calculation speed and efficiency of the entire target bay region. In this way, the different regional differential requirements for simulation accuracy can be met and the relationship between simulation accuracy and timeliness can be better balanced.

[0035] In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a device for simulating and predicting the bay environment, including:

[0036] An acquisition module, configured to acquire bathymetric data and coastline data of the target bay region;

[0037] A generation module, configured to, based on the coastline data, use curvilinear orthogonal grids to encrypt the target sub-region in the target bay region to generate a refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore region to the open-sea region in the target bay region;

[0038] A production module, configured to, based on the refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore region to the open-sea region, produce a variable-resolution grid file according to the requirements of the model simulation data format;

[0039] A determination module, configured to determine a model input file based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file;

[0040] A simulation and prediction module, configured to input the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and prediction data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0042] Figure 1 is one of the schematic flowcharts of the method for simulating and predicting the bay environment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2One of the schematic diagrams of the variable-resolution grid division result of the target bay area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 For Figure 2 The enlarged result diagram of a partial area in

[0045] Figure 4 For Figure 3 The enlarged result diagram of a partial area in

[0046] Figure 5 For Figure 3 The enlarged result diagram of a partial area in

[0047] Figure 6 The second schematic diagram of the flow of the bay environment simulation and prediction method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the bay environment simulation and prediction device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with basically the same functions and roles. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds, and do not limit their sequence. Those skilled in the art can understand that terms such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and terms such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily mean different.

[0050] It should be noted that in the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design solution described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the present invention should not be construed as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0051] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist.

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a bay environment simulation and prediction method, which may include:

[0053] Step 110: Obtain the water depth and terrain data and coastline data of the target bay area;

[0054] Specifically, bathymetric terrain data generally includes bathymetric information, topographic and geomorphic features, and geological structure information.

[0055] The bathymetric information may include depth values and isobath data.

[0056] The topographic and geomorphic features may include the types of submarine landforms (e.g., the distribution and morphological data of different geomorphic units such as submarine mountains, trenches, ocean basins, continental shelves, continental slopes, etc., including information such as their positions, extents, and trends).

[0057] The geological structure information at least includes stratigraphic information. In the stratigraphic information, the distribution and thickness data of different strata reflect the stratification of the submarine geology.

[0058] Specifically, the coastline data may include geographical location information, morphological feature data, and dynamic change information.

[0059] The geographical location information includes longitude and latitude coordinates and planar coordinates. In the longitude and latitude coordinates, the longitude and latitude data of each point on the coastline can accurately determine the position of the coastline on the earth.

[0060] The morphological feature data may include the coastline length, tortuosity, and bay contour. For example, the bay contour is the specific shape data of the bay enclosed by the coastline, including information such as the opening direction and width change of the bay, which can be used to analyze the hydrodynamic characteristics and ecological environment of the bay.

[0061] The dynamic change information may include tidal influence data and coastal erosion and sedimentation data. The tidal influence data is the position change data of the coastline at different tidal levels. The coastal erosion and sedimentation data line is the data of the erosion or sedimentation change situation on a long-term time scale, such as the position change of certain points on the coastline in different years.

[0062] Step 120: Based on the coastline data, use a curvilinear orthogonal grid to encrypt the target sub-region in the target bay area to generate a refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore area to the open-sea area in the target bay area; specifically, the target sub-region may include the near-shore area, estuary area, waterway, etc.; Step 130: Based on the refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore area to the open-sea area, make a variable resolution grid file according to the requirements of the model simulation data format; the variable resolution grid file is a netcdf grid file.

[0063] The horizontal resolution of the grid in the variable-resolution grid file adaptively changes from a first length in the near-shore area to a second length in the open-sea area; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10. The first length is greater than or equal to 50 meters, and the second length is greater than or equal to 1 kilometer. For example, in the netcdf grid file, the horizontal resolution of the grid adaptively changes from 0.103 kilometers near the shore of a certain bay to 6.860 kilometers in the open sea.

[0064] For example, taking a certain bay as an example, based on the refined coastline data of the bay, using professional grid-making software (such as Delft3D software), a basic curvilinear orthogonal grid is designed, and the near-shore, waterways, and estuary areas of the bay are encrypted to generate high-quality refined curvilinear orthogonal grids with variable resolution from the near-shore to the open sea. See Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 ; then, according to the high-quality refined curvilinear orthogonal grids with variable resolution from the near-shore area to the open-sea area, and for the requirements of the model simulation data format, a netcdf grid file of the sea area of the bay is produced and output. The horizontal resolution of the grid in this netcdf grid file adaptively changes from 0.103 kilometers near the shore to 6.860 kilometers in the open sea.

[0065] Adaptive change means that the grid resolution can automatically adjust according to the different characteristics of the target bay area. This design enables the grid to provide detailed information in the near-shore area where high precision is required, and reasonably allocate computing resources when simulating the open-sea area, avoiding wasting computing power in places where high resolution is not needed. Through this adaptive grid resolution setting, the computing efficiency can be improved on the premise of ensuring the simulation accuracy, and better meet the research needs of different regions.

[0066] Step 140: Determine the model input file based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file;

[0067] Step 150: Input the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and prediction data. Among them, the simulation and prediction data include the numerical simulation results of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as water level, tidal current velocity and direction, temperature, salinity, circulation velocity and direction, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0068] Optionally, the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model can be a Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS).

[0069] Analysis of technical effects: When using a regional ocean model such as the ROMS model to simulate the bay environment in the prior art, there are often problems with insufficient grid adaptability to the coastline and bathymetric topography of the target bay. For example, in the prior art, when dividing the grid of the target bay, the grid division density of the near-shore area and the open-sea area is basically the same, or a suitable curvilinear orthogonal grid is not designed according to the regional characteristics. Of course, the reason for this may be limited by the model's own algorithm. This is because the ROMS model itself needs to allocate reasonable computing resources to improve the computing speed and efficiency. However, if only the computing speed and efficiency are considered, the simulation accuracy needs to be sacrificed. In this case, the simulation accuracy of areas with high resolution requirements such as the near-shore, river channels, and estuary areas will be limited and fail to meet the requirements. However, if high simulation accuracy is to be achieved, the open-sea area has a large area and the computing amount used is also greatly increased, which will in turn lead to a decrease in the model's computing speed and efficiency.

[0070] To solve the above problems, in the implementation of the present invention, instead of only using the traditional romstools program or seagrid program in the ROMS model to design the grid, a method of using the interactive interface of, for example, Delft3d to process complex terrain sea areas is used to design and divide the grid to obtain a variable-resolution grid. That is, based on the coastline data, the target sub-region including the near-shore area in the target bay area is encrypted using a curvilinear orthogonal grid, and the man-machine interactive interface is used to finely adjust and control the water-land points of the estuary, shoreline, and islands to generate a variable-resolution grid file. The grid horizontal resolution in the variable-resolution grid file adaptively changes from, for example, 0.103 km in the near-shore to 6.860 km in the open sea. Then, based on the bathymetric topography data and the variable-resolution grid file, the model input file is determined and the model input file is input into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model to obtain simulation and prediction data. In this way, the obtained simulation and prediction data can ensure both the simulation accuracy of the near-shore and the simulation computing speed and efficiency of the entire target bay area. In this way, the different requirements for simulation accuracy in different regions can be met and the relationship between simulation accuracy and timeliness can be better balanced.

[0071] It can be understood that the romstools program or seagrid program is a program for implementing orthogonal curvilinear grids applied to the ROMS model, and they are generally not directly used to design variable-resolution grids with a large spatial span. In the embodiment of the present invention, a software such as Delft3D is used for variable-resolution grid design. One is that the design effect is better, the adaptability is flexible, and it more meets the requirements of the resolution of different regions in the bay with a large spatial span; the other is that the simulation effect is more consistent with the actual bay area and the simulation effect is better.

[0072] See Figure 6, Step 140: Determine the model input file based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file, specifically including:

[0073] Step 141: Generate a variable-resolution bathymetric grid file for the target bay area based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file; optionally, the variable-resolution grid file is a netcdf grid file.

[0074] Step 141 includes:

[0075] 1) Use a preset ROMS model preprocessor to read the netcdf grid file and extract the distribution information of seawater points and land points;

[0076] 2) Based on the distribution information and the bathymetric data, perform refinement processing (such as interpolation, filtering, etc.) on the preset refined simulation points in the target bay area and divide the vertical direction of the preset refined simulation points into a target number of layers and calculate the coordinates of each layer to obtain the processed data. Among them, the value range of the target number is [10, 30], that is, when dividing the vertical direction, the minimum is 10 layers and the maximum is 30 layers.

[0077] Specifically, the target number can be determined based on the maximum water depth of the target bay area. For example, the target number is the value corresponding to one-tenth of the maximum water depth of the target bay area in meters. For example, if the maximum water depth of the target bay is about 100 meters, then the S coordinate (vertical coordinate perpendicular to the horizontal plane) of the vertical variation of the marine environment in the sea area can be divided into, for example, 10 layers to form a 10-layer three-dimensional marine structure.

[0078] For example, the refinement processing can include but is not limited to data processing methods such as interpolation and filtering.

[0079] 3) Save the processed data to the variable-resolution bathymetric grid file.

[0080] For example, according to the netcdf grid file of a certain bay sea area, use the ROMS model preprocessor to read the distribution of seawater points and land points in the grid file, combine the bathymetric data, process the refined simulation points such as near the coast, waterways, and islands, set the vertical direction to use the S coordinate varying with the terrain, divide it into 10 layers, and generate a variable-resolution bathymetric grid file for a certain bay sea area.

[0081] Analysis of technical effects: In the above content, dividing the vertical direction into a target number of layers (the target number is the value corresponding to one-tenth of the maximum water depth of the target bay area in meters) is specially designed. This is because in the prior art, when only two-dimensional simulation is used, the simulation accuracy is insufficient, and the vertical stratification in three-dimensional simulation is unreasonable (for example, too many stratification levels are often set in advance to improve the simulation accuracy), resulting in low calculation efficiency. To solve the above problems, the embodiments of the present invention specially design a target number of layers. For example, according to the two-dimensional simulation status where the vertical water depth of the Shallowwater Hydrodynamic Finite Element Model (SHYFEM) is set to an average fixed depth, and further develop and utilize the Regional Ocean Model (ROMS) to simulate the three-dimensional structure of 10 layers of vertical coordinates varying with the terrain in a certain bay sea area. Considering that the maximum water depth of a certain bay can reach about 100 meters, the 10 layers of vertical coordinates varying with the terrain can not only depict the vertical structure but also improve the calculation efficiency, solving the problems of insufficient two-dimensional simulation accuracy and low three-dimensional simulation calculation efficiency in ocean numerical simulation. That is, compared with the situation of insufficient two-dimensional simulation accuracy or unreasonable vertical stratification in the prior art, this embodiment can effectively depict the vertical structure and improve the calculation efficiency, which is a key link to improving the simulation effect.

[0082] It can be understood that the water depth terrain change resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological prediction data under future climate scenarios.

[0083] Step 142: Based on the water depth terrain change resolution grid file, produce a model input file.

[0084] Step 142 specifically includes the following steps: Based on the water depth terrain change resolution grid file and using a preset ROMS model preprocessing program, produce the initial fields of hydrodynamic environment elements, the initial fields of ecological environment elements, the historical surface forcing field of the wind field, the historical surface forcing field of the heat flux, the future predicted surface forcing field of the wind field, and the future predicted surface forcing field of the heat flux; where the hydrodynamic environment elements at least include temperature and salinity; the ecological environment elements at least include chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients. This step can be understood as follows:

[0085] (1) Based on the hydrodynamic environment observation data in the water depth terrain change resolution grid file, use a preset ROMS model preprocessing program to produce the initial fields of hydrodynamic environment elements such as temperature and salinity.

[0086] (2) Based on the ecological environment observation data in the water depth terrain change resolution grid file, use a preset ROMS model preprocessing program to produce the initial fields of ecological environment elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0087] (3) Based on the historical meteorological observation data in the variable-resolution grid file of bathymetry, using the preset preprocessing program of the ROMS model, the historical surface forcing field of the wind field and the historical surface forcing field of the heat flux are obtained.

[0088] (4) Based on the meteorological prediction data under future climate scenarios in the variable-resolution grid file of bathymetry, using the preset preprocessing program of the ROMS model, the future predicted surface forcing field of the wind field and the future predicted surface forcing field of the heat flux are produced.

[0089] It can be understood that the interaction between the wind and the ocean surface generates wind stress, which is an important part of the surface forcing field. The wind transfers momentum to the ocean surface through friction, driving the movement of the ocean surface current. The magnitude and direction of the wind stress can cause phenomena such as wind-driven circulation, upwelling, and downwelling in the upper ocean, thereby affecting the distribution of environmental factors such as the temperature and salinity of the ocean.

[0090] The heat flux includes solar radiation, long-wave radiation between the sea surface and the atmosphere, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, etc. Changes in the heat flux will cause changes in the ocean temperature, thereby affecting the density, circulation, and marine ecosystem of seawater.

[0091] Through the combined action of various factors, the surface forcing field forms a forcing force on the ocean surface, driving physical processes within the ocean, such as circulation, mixing, heat and mass transport, etc. In the gulf environment simulation and prediction method in this embodiment, it is very important to accurately consider and simulate the surface forcing field because it directly affects the simulation and prediction results of ocean environmental factors (such as temperature, salinity, flow velocity, etc.). By observing and analyzing various surface forcing factors, combining physical models and numerical calculation methods, a model of the surface forcing field can be constructed and used as input conditions to drive the ocean numerical model, thereby realizing the simulation and prediction of ocean environmental factors.

[0092] It can be understood that step 142 may further include:

[0093] (5) Based on the environmental characteristics of the target gulf area, set the tidal current simulation parameters affecting tidal current simulation, set the hydrodynamic simulation parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation, and set the ecological environment parameters affecting ecological environment simulation.

[0094] For example, the tidal current simulation parameters include: astronomical tide parameters, boundary condition parameters, seabed friction parameters, and seabed friction parameters.

[0095] Among the astronomical tide parameters, the astronomical tide characteristics of the target bay area are the basis, and it is necessary to determine the amplitudes and phase lags of the main astronomical tide constituents such as M2, S2, K1, O1, etc. These parameters can usually be obtained from the data of long-term tide gauges in the vicinity, or by referring to the data of global ocean tide models.

[0096] Among the boundary condition parameters, the tidal water level and flow velocity conditions at the connection boundary between the bay and the open sea are crucial. They are generally set according to the tidal prediction data or historical observation data of the open sea, including the tidal amplitude, phase, and the direction and magnitude of the tidal current at the boundary.

[0097] The seabed friction parameter is related to the seabed topography and sediment of the bay. In areas with large seabed roughness, the friction coefficient is large, which will reduce the tidal current velocity. The appropriate friction coefficient can be determined according to the sediment type and topographic undulation of the seabed, referring to empirical formulas or previous studies.

[0098] The seabed friction parameter depends on the geographical latitude of the target bay. The Coriolis force will affect the direction and path of the tidal current, and the Coriolis force parameter is calculated through the angular velocity of the Earth's rotation and the local latitude.

[0099] For example, the hydrodynamic simulation parameters can include water depth parameters, horizontal eddy viscosity coefficients and diffusion coefficients, vertical eddy viscosity coefficients and diffusion coefficients, and wind stress parameters.

[0100] For example, the ecological environment parameters can include phytoplankton growth parameters, nutrient cycling parameters, dissolved oxygen parameters, and benthic organism parameters, etc.

[0101] (6) Based on the variable-resolution grid file of the water depth topography, using the preset ROMS model preprocessing program, produce the phase lags and amplitudes of the tidal current, produce the distribution data of hydrodynamic environment elements, and produce the distribution data of ecological environment elements.

[0102] It can be understood that producing the phase lags and amplitudes of the tidal current means producing the distribution data of the phase lags and amplitudes of the tidal current.

[0103] Specifically, the tidal current is a periodic motion phenomenon of the water body in the ocean. The phase lag refers to the lag angle of the tidal phase at a certain location relative to the standard reference point in the tidal motion, which reflects the difference between the time when the tide appears at this location and the standard time. The amplitude is the maximum amplitude by which the water body deviates from the equilibrium position in the tidal current motion, which reflects the intensity of the tidal current. Using the ROMS model preprocessing program, according to the water depth topography and other data of a certain bay, combined with relevant physical principles and algorithms, the phase lags and amplitude values of the tidal current at different locations in this area can be calculated, so as to understand the variation law of the tidal current in a certain bay in time and space.

[0104] In an alternative embodiment, step 142 may include:

[0105] Input the initial fields of hydrodynamic environmental elements, the initial fields of ecological environmental elements, the historical surface forcing fields of wind fields, the historical surface forcing fields of heat fluxes, the future predicted surface forcing fields of wind fields, the future predicted surface forcing fields of heat fluxes, and the preset model parameters into the preset ROMS model;

[0106] Based on the tidal current simulation parameters, hydrodynamic simulation parameters, and ecological environmental parameters, run the preset ROMS model to obtain the model output results;

[0107] Extract environmental element data from the model output results; the environmental element data includes at least temperature data, salinity data, chlorophyll data, dissolved oxygen data, and nutrient data;

[0108] Use the preset preprocessing program of the ROMS model to process the environmental element data to generate model input files.

[0109] Technical effect analysis: When simulating the bay environment in the prior art, it is only limited to simulating the ocean environmental elements related to tides and currents such as water level, tidal current velocity, and direction. There are deficiencies in the numerical simulation of marine hydrodynamic and ecological environmental elements such as seawater temperature, salinity, chlorophyll, nutrients, and dissolved oxygen, and it is impossible to comprehensively and integrally reflect the true situation of the target bay marine environment, which leads to obvious deficiencies in the understanding of the marine environment in this area. The implementation of the present invention conducts a comprehensive three-dimensional numerical simulation of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as seawater temperature, salinity, flow velocity, and direction, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients in the target bay, making up for the defect of single simulation elements in the prior art.

[0110] It should be noted that the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and a marine ecological sub-model; Step 150: Input the model input file into the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation, including:

[0111] Use the model input file to perform three-dimensional coupling calculations between the tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and the marine ecological sub-model;

[0112] Based on the above three-dimensional coupling calculation model, output the numerical simulation results of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as water level, tidal current velocity and direction, temperature, salinity, circulation velocity and direction, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

[0113] Optionally, the bay environment simulation and prediction method further includes: Based on the simulation and prediction data, use the preset interpolation program to perform horizontal grid longitude and latitude transformation interpolation and vertical water layer interpolation to obtain interpolation data; According to the interpolation data, combine computer graphics methods to draw horizontal distribution pictures and vertical distribution pictures; Based on the simulation and prediction data, extract the next prediction initial field.

[0114] As described above, by using computer graphics methods to draw horizontal and vertical distribution pictures in the form of intuitive graphics, images or animations, the intuitiveness of the forecast can be improved.

[0115] In a specific embodiment, taking a certain bay as the target bay area, the bay environmental simulation and prediction method is described by way of example:

[0116] According to the refined coastline data of a certain bay (the refined coastline data is the data obtained after refining the coastline data), using the professional grid-making software Delft3D software, a basic curve orthogonal grid is designed, and the near-shore area, waterways and estuary areas are encrypted to generate a high-quality refined curve orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore to the open sea (see Figures 3 - 6 );

[0117] According to the high-quality refined curve orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore to the open sea, and in accordance with the requirements of the model simulation data format, a netcdf grid file of the sea area of a certain bay is produced. In this file, the horizontal resolution of the grid varies adaptively from 0.103 km near the shore to 6.860 km in the open sea;

[0118] According to the netcdf grid file of the sea area of a certain bay, using the ROMS model preprocessing program, the distributions of seawater points and land points in the grid file are read, combined with the bathymetric terrain data, the refined simulation points such as near the shore, waterways, and islands are processed, and the S coordinate that changes with the terrain is set in the vertical direction, divided into 10 layers, to generate a refined grid bathymetric terrain file with variable resolution for a certain bay;

[0119] Based on the refined grid bathymetric terrain file with variable resolution for a certain bay, using the ROMS model preprocessing program, the initial fields of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as temperature and salinity are produced, and the initial fields of ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients are produced;

[0120] Based on the refined grid bathymetric terrain file with variable resolution for a certain bay, using the ROMS model preprocessing program, the historical surface forcing fields such as wind fields and heat fluxes are produced, and the future predicted surface forcing fields such as wind fields and heat fluxes are produced;

[0121] According to the environmental characteristics of a certain bay, the model parameters affecting the tidal current simulation are set, the model parameters affecting the hydrodynamic simulations such as temperature, salinity, and flow fields are set, and the model parameters affecting the ecological environment simulations such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients are set;

[0122] Based on the bathymetric terrain file of a certain bay with variable resolution and refined grid, using the preprocessing program of the ROMS model, the phase lags and amplitudes of tidal currents are produced, hydrodynamic environmental elements such as temperature and salinity are produced, and ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients are produced.

[0123] Based on the bathymetry, initial field, upper surface forcing field, open boundaries, and model parameter settings of a certain bay area, using the ROMS ocean model, three-dimensional coupled calculations of a hydrodynamic model with tidal currents and an ocean ecological model are carried out;

[0124] Based on the three-dimensional coupled calculation model, numerical simulation results of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as water level, tidal current velocity and direction, temperature, salinity, circulation velocity and direction, and ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients are output;

[0125] Based on the simulated forecast output data, a horizontal grid longitude and latitude transformation interpolation is performed using an interpolation program;

[0126] Based on the simulated forecast output data, a vertical water layer interpolation is performed using an interpolation program;

[0127] According to the interpolated data, horizontal and vertical distribution pictures are drawn by means of computer graphics methods in the form of intuitive graphs, images, or animations.

[0128] As can be seen from the above specific implementation manners, aiming at the terrain characteristics from the near shore to the open sea of a certain bay, a curvilinear orthogonal variable-resolution refined grid with an adaptive change from a maximum horizontal resolution of 100 meters near the shore to 6.86 kilometers in the open sea is designed using professional software (such as Delft3D software), and a netcdf grid file and a bathymetric terrain file that meet the model requirements are generated, which solves the problem of insufficient grid adaptability and is crucial for improving simulation accuracy and balancing timeliness.

[0129] Based on the regional ocean model ROMS model, a 10-layer three-dimensional structure with vertical coordinates varying with the terrain of the ocean environment in a certain bay area is developed. Compared with the existing two-dimensional simulation or unreasonable vertical stratification, it can effectively depict the vertical structure and improve the calculation efficiency, which is a key link to enhance the simulation effect.

[0130] This implementation manner realizes multi-element coupled simulation: realizing three-dimensional coupled calculations of a hydrodynamic model with tidal currents and an ocean ecological model, and comprehensive three-dimensional numerical simulations of hydrodynamic environmental elements such as seawater temperature, salinity, velocity and direction in a certain bay, as well as ecological environmental elements such as chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients, making up for the defect of single simulation elements in the existing technology.

[0131] This embodiment combines a predictable upper surface forcing field to construct a numerical simulation and prediction system for the marine environment in a certain bay, which can predict the spatial distribution state and temporal variation trend of marine environmental elements, such as those in the next 5 days, and display the simulation results intuitively in the form of graphs, images or animations by means of computer graphics methods, thus solving the problems from simulation to prediction and result presentation.

[0132] The following describes the bay environment simulation and prediction device provided by the present invention. The bay environment simulation and prediction device described below can be correspondingly referred to the bay environment simulation and prediction method described above.

[0133] As Figure 7 shown, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a bay environment simulation and prediction device for implementing the bay environment simulation and prediction method in any of the above embodiments. The bay environment simulation and prediction device may include:

[0134] An acquisition module 710, configured to acquire bathymetric terrain data and coastline data of a target bay area;

[0135] A generation module 720, configured to, based on the coastline data, perform encryption processing on a target sub-region in the target bay area by using curvilinear orthogonal grids, and generate refined curvilinear orthogonal grids with variable resolutions from the near-shore area to the open sea area in the target bay area;

[0136] A production module 730, configured to, based on the refined curvilinear orthogonal grids with variable resolutions from the near-shore area to the open sea area, produce a variable-resolution grid file according to the requirements of the model simulation data format;

[0137] A determination module 740, configured to determine a model input file based on the bathymetric terrain data and the variable-resolution grid file;

[0138] A simulation and prediction module 750, configured to input the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and prediction data.

[0139] Optionally, the variable-resolution grid file is a netcdf grid file; the grid horizontal resolution in the netcdf grid file adaptively changes from a first length in the near-shore area to a second length in the open sea area; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10.

[0140] The determination module 740 is specifically configured to: based on the bathymetric terrain data and the variable-resolution grid file, generate a bathymetric terrain variable-resolution grid file of the target bay area; and based on the bathymetric terrain variable-resolution grid file, produce the model input file.

[0141] The determination module 740 is specifically configured to: read a netcdf grid file and extract the distribution information of seawater points and land points; based on the distribution information and bathymetric terrain data, perform refinement processing on preset refined simulation points in the target bay area and divide the vertical direction of the preset refined simulation points into a target number of layers and calculate the coordinates of each layer to obtain processed data; save the processed data to a bathymetric terrain variable-resolution grid file.

[0142] Optionally, the bathymetric terrain variable-resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological prediction data under future climate scenarios. The determination module 740 is specifically configured to: based on the bathymetric terrain variable-resolution grid file, use a preset ROMS model preprocessing program to produce an initial field of hydrodynamic environment elements, an initial field of ecological environment elements, a historical surface forcing field of the wind field, a historical surface forcing field of heat flux, a future predicted surface forcing field of the wind field, and a future predicted surface forcing field of heat flux; wherein, the hydrodynamic environment elements at least include temperature and salinity; the ecological environment elements at least include chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients. Based on the environmental characteristics of the target bay area, set tidal current simulation parameters affecting tidal current simulation, hydrodynamic simulation parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation, and ecological environment parameters affecting ecological environment simulation; based on the bathymetric terrain variable-resolution grid file, use a preset ROMS model preprocessing program to produce the phase lag and amplitude of tidal currents, produce hydrodynamic environment element distribution data, and produce ecological environment element distribution data.

[0143] Optionally, the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and an ocean ecological sub-model. The simulation and prediction module 750 is specifically configured to: use the model input file to perform three-dimensional coupling calculations between the tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and the ocean ecological sub-model.

[0144] Optionally, the grid horizontal resolution of the variable-resolution grid file adaptively changes from 0.103 kilometers in the near-shore area to 6.860 kilometers in the open sea area.

[0145] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, in which instructions are stored, and when the instructions are run, the bay environment simulation and prediction method in any of the above embodiments is implemented.

[0146] Although the present invention has been described in connection with the various embodiments, however, in the process of implementing the claimed invention, those skilled in the art can understand and achieve other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and the singular "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may implement several functions recited in the claims. Certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

[0147] Although the present invention has been described in connection with specific features and their embodiments, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations can be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the present specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the invention defined by the appended claims, and are considered to cover any and all modifications, variations, combinations, or equivalents within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for simulating and predicting the bay environment, characterized in that, Including: Obtaining bathymetric data and coastline data of the target bay area; Based on the coastline data, using a curvilinear orthogonal grid to encrypt the target sub-region in the target bay area, generating a refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore area to the open-sea area in the target bay area; Based on the refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore area to the open-sea area, making a variable-resolution grid file according to the requirements of the model simulation data format; Based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file, determining the model input file; Inputting the model input file into a preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and prediction data.

2. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 1, wherein The grid horizontal resolution in the variable-resolution grid file changes adaptively from the first length in the near-shore area to the second length in the open-sea area; the ratio of the second length to the first length is greater than 10.

3. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining the model input file based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file includes: Based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file, generating a bathymetric variable-resolution grid file for the target bay area; Based on the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file, making the model input file.

4. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 3, characterized in that The variable-resolution grid file is a netcdf grid file; The generating the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file for the target bay area based on the bathymetric data and the variable-resolution grid file includes: Reading the netcdf grid file and extracting the distribution information of seawater points and land points; Based on the distribution information and the bathymetric data, performing refined processing on preset refined simulation points in the target bay area and dividing the vertical direction of the preset refined simulation points into a target number of layers and calculating the coordinates of each layer to obtain processed data; Saving the processed data to the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file.

5. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 3, characterized in that The bathymetric variable-resolution grid file includes hydrodynamic environment observation data, ecological environment observation data, historical meteorological observation data, and meteorological prediction data under future climate scenarios; The making the model input file based on the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file includes: Based on the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file, using a preset ROMS model preprocessing program to make the initial field of hydrodynamic environment elements, the initial field of ecological environment elements, the historical surface forcing field of the wind field, the historical surface forcing field of the heat flux, the future predicted surface forcing field of the wind field, and the future predicted surface forcing field of the heat flux; wherein, the hydrodynamic environment elements at least include temperature and salinity; the ecological environment elements at least include chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen, and nutrients.

6. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 5, characterized in that The making the model input file based on the bathymetric variable-resolution grid file further includes: Based on the environmental characteristics of the target bay area, setting tidal current simulation parameters affecting tidal current simulation, setting hydrodynamic simulation parameters affecting hydrodynamic simulation, and setting ecological environment parameters affecting ecological environment simulation; Based on the bathymetric deformation resolution grid file, use a preset ROMS model pre-processor to produce the phase lags and amplitudes of tides and tidal currents, produce distribution data of hydrodynamic environmental elements, and produce distribution data of ecological environmental elements.

7. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 1, wherein The preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model includes a tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and a marine ecological sub-model; Inputting the model input file into the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation includes: Using the model input file to perform three-dimensional coupling calculation between the tidal hydrodynamic sub-model and the marine ecological sub-model.

8. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 2, wherein, The first length is greater than or equal to 50 meters, and the second length is greater than or equal to 1 kilometer.

9. The gulf environment simulation and prediction method according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes: Based on the simulation and prediction data, use a preset interpolation program to perform horizontal grid longitude and latitude transformation interpolation and vertical water layer interpolation to obtain interpolation data; According to the interpolation data, combine computer graphics methods to draw horizontal distribution pictures and vertical distribution pictures; Based on the simulation and prediction data, extract the initial field for the next prediction.

10. A device for simulating and predicting the bay environment, characterized in that, It includes: An acquisition module for acquiring bathymetric data and coastline data of the target bay area; A generation module for, based on the coastline data, using curvilinear orthogonal grids to perform encryption processing on the target sub-area in the target bay area, and generating a refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore area to the open-sea area in the target bay area; A production module for, based on the refined curvilinear orthogonal grid with variable resolution from the near-shore area to the open-sea area, producing a variable resolution grid file according to the requirements of the model simulation data format; A determination module for, based on the bathymetric data and the variable resolution grid file, determining the model input file; A simulation and prediction module for inputting the model input file into the preset three-dimensional baroclinic ocean numerical model for calculation to obtain simulation and prediction data.

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