High and low frequency nested radiation unit and base station antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a high and low frequency nested radiation unit and a base station antenna. On one hand, the high and low frequency nested radiation unit comprises a plurality of low frequency radiation units arranged in an array; a high-frequency radiation unit is arranged on the low-frequency radiation unit through a feed network structure; the feed network structure comprises an upper feed network and a lower feed network, wherein the upper feed network is arranged in the positive direction of a base normal of an adjacent low-frequency radiation unit through an upper feed network supporting piece and is connected with the low-frequency radiation unit to realize + / -45-degree polarization; and the lower-layer feed network is arranged in the negative direction of the base normal of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit through a lower-layer feed network support piece and is connected with the low-frequency radiation unit to realize + / -45-degree polarization. On the other hand, the invention also provides a base station antenna adopting the high and low frequency nested radiation unit. The method has the advantages that the matching precision can be ensured, the production process can be simplified to reduce the manufacturing cost, and the isolation stability is effectively improved to reduce the performance difference among batches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of communication technologies, and more particularly, to a high-low frequency nested radiation element and a base station antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the field of communication, a radiation element is an important module of a base station antenna, which is directly related to the overall performance of the base station antenna, such as gain, beam width, front-to-back ratio, and cross-polarization ratio. The low-frequency radiation element usually forms a bowl-shaped radiator of a dipole array by using mirror-image half-wave dipoles, and uses the bowl-shaped radiator of the dipole array to achieve a polarization mode of ±45°. This shows excellent performance in various application scenarios. However, this design requires four-point feeding and combining output through precise coaxial cables, which not only increases the complexity of production operations but also raises the cost.

[0003] Currently, a typical bowl-shaped radiation element commonly adopts a dipole array form, which requires four coaxial cables for feeding. This four-point feeding method realizes effective matching within the frequency range through the butt joint matching of coaxial cables or by connecting coaxial cables to PCB microstrip lines. However, this method has obvious defects:

[0004] First, due to the long feeding length of the coaxial cable, the length accuracy control of the coaxial cable is poor, the welding difficulty is high, and special tooling is required. Second, the introduction of PCB microstrip lines increases the material cost and the complexity of layout, and the availability of PCB materials is poor due to the long processing cycle, which further increases the uncertain factors in the manufacturing process. Moreover, directly connecting with PCB microstrip lines will cause problems such as narrow space and difficult wiring due to the two polarizations being on the front at the same time, and the coupling between polarizations will cause unstable isolation, resulting in large performance differences between batches.

[0005] How to solve the above problems has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] An object of the present invention is to solve the technical problem of providing a high-low frequency nested radiation element that can not only ensure the matching accuracy but also simplify the production process to reduce the manufacturing cost and effectively improve the isolation stability to reduce the performance differences between batches.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide a base station antenna using the high-low frequency nested radiation element.

[0008] On the one hand, in order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] A high-low frequency nested radiation unit, comprising a plurality of low-frequency radiation units arranged in an array; a high-frequency radiation unit is provided on the low-frequency radiation unit through a feeding network structure; the feeding network structure includes an upper feeding network provided on the positive normal direction of the base of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit through an upper feeding network support member and connected to the low-frequency radiation unit to achieve ±45° polarization, and a lower feeding network provided on the negative normal direction of the base of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit through a lower feeding network support member and connected to the low-frequency radiation unit to achieve ±45° polarization.

[0010] Preferably, the upper feeding network includes a first sheet metal provided in an upper annular groove preset on the upper part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit through the upper feeding network support member to form an air microstrip transmission line, and a second sheet metal provided above the first sheet metal and connected to the first sheet metal and having a first sheet metal end and a second sheet metal end. It also includes a first coaxial cable having a first cable end and a second cable end and a second coaxial cable having a third cable end and a fourth cable end provided on the corresponding radiation arms of the low-frequency radiation unit.

[0011] Preferably, the first cable end of the first coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, the second cable end of the first coaxial cable is welded and connected to the first sheet metal end of the second sheet metal, the third cable end of the second coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the fourth cable end of the second coaxial cable is welded and connected to the second sheet metal end of the second sheet metal.

[0012] Preferably, the lower feeding network includes a first sheet metal provided in a lower annular groove preset on the lower part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit through the lower feeding network support member to form an air microstrip transmission line, and a second sheet metal provided below the first sheet metal and connected to the first sheet metal and having a first air microstrip end and a second air microstrip end. It also includes a third coaxial cable having a first lower cable end and a second lower cable end and a fourth coaxial cable having a third lower cable end and a fourth lower cable end provided on the corresponding radiation arms of the low-frequency radiation unit.

[0013] Preferably, the first lower cable end of the third coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, the second lower cable end of the third coaxial cable is welded and connected to the first air microstrip end of the second sheet metal, the third lower cable end of the fourth coaxial cable is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit, and the fourth lower cable end of the fourth coaxial cable is welded and connected to the second air microstrip end of the second sheet metal. Among them, the high-frequency radiation unit is provided above the second sheet metal and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit.

[0014] Preferably, the corresponding end of the upper sheet metal I penetrates into a first through hole preset in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby realizing ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points.

[0015] Preferably, the corresponding end of the lower sheet metal I penetrates into a second through hole preset in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby realizing ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points.

[0016] On the other hand, a base station antenna uses the high-low frequency nested radiation unit described above.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] In the present invention, the high-frequency radiation unit is nested on the low-frequency radiation units arranged in an array through a feeding network structure to form a high-low frequency nested radiation unit. In addition, the feeding network structure adopts a structure in which an upper-layer feeding network support, an upper-layer feeding network, a lower-layer feeding network support, and a lower-layer feeding network cooperate with each other, and combines the high-frequency radiation unit and the low-frequency radiation unit to form a bowl-shaped radiator with two-point feeding and combined output to realize ±45° polarization. In addition, the feeding method implemented by this feeding network structure can effectively save layout space and reduce welding points to reduce the structural design and third-order intermodulation risks, effectively improve the isolation stability to reduce the performance differences between batches, and form an air microstrip transmission line by the cooperation of the feeding network structure and the low-frequency radiation unit to replace the PCB microstrip line, effectively improving the material availability while reducing the material cost and layout complexity, and further simplifying the production process to reduce the manufacturing cost; therefore, the present invention has the advantages of both ensuring the matching accuracy and simplifying the production process to reduce the manufacturing cost, and effectively improving the isolation stability to reduce the performance differences between batches. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the nested structure of a high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a front-mounted schematic diagram of a high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a back-mounted schematic diagram of a high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a Smith chart of a high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is the standing wave curve graph of a high - low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is the isolation curve graph of a high - low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is the radiation pattern of a high - low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention in the H_ + 45° plane;

[0027] Figure 8 is the radiation pattern of a high - low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention in the E_ + 45° plane;

[0028] Figure 9 is the radiation pattern of a high - low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention in the H_ - 45° plane;

[0029] Figure 10 is the radiation pattern of a high - low frequency nested radiation unit according to the present invention in the E_ - 45° plane.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals: 10, low - frequency radiation unit; 20, feeding network structure; 200, upper - layer feeding network; 300, lower - layer feeding network; 400, upper - layer feeding network support; 500, lower - layer feeding network support; 30, high - frequency radiation unit; 101, upper annular groove; 203, upper sheet metal one; 2021, sheet metal end one; 2022, sheet metal end two; 202, upper sheet metal two; 2011, cable end one; 2012, cable end two; 201, first coaxial cable; 2041, cable end three; 2042, cable end four; 204, second coaxial cable; 102, lower annular groove; 303, lower sheet metal one; 3021, air microstrip end one; 3022, air microstrip end two; 302, lower sheet metal two; 3011, lower cable end one; 3012, lower cable end two; 301, third coaxial cable; 3041, lower cable end three; 3042, lower cable end four; 304, fourth coaxial cable; 103, first through - hole; 104, second through - hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Refer to Figures 1 to 10As shown in the figure, a high-low frequency nested radiation unit includes a plurality of low-frequency radiation units 10 arranged in an array; a high-frequency radiation unit 30 is provided on the low-frequency radiation unit 10 through a feeding network structure 20; the feeding network structure 20 includes an upper feeding network 200 which is arranged in the positive direction of the normal line of the base of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit 10 through an upper feeding network support 400 and is connected to the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to achieve ±45° polarization, and a lower feeding network 300 which is arranged in the negative direction of the normal line of the base of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit 10 through a lower feeding network support 500 and is connected to the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to achieve ±45° polarization. During use, the high-frequency radiation unit 30 is nested on the low-frequency radiation units 10 arranged in an array through the feeding network structure 20 to form a high-low frequency nested radiation unit to achieve a ±45° polarization mode. In addition, the feeding network structure 20 adopts a structure in which the upper feeding network support 400, the upper feeding network 200, the lower feeding network support 500, and the lower feeding network 300 cooperate with each other, and combines the high-frequency radiation unit 30 and the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to form a bowl-shaped radiator with two-point feeding and combined output to achieve ±45° polarization, so as to realize the hierarchical isolation of two ±45° feeding networks to combine four feeding points into two; in addition, the feeding method implemented by the feeding network structure 20 can effectively save layout space and reduce welding points to reduce the risk of structural design and third-order intermodulation, effectively improve the stability of isolation to reduce the performance difference between batches, and replace the PCB microstrip line with an air microstrip transmission line formed by the cooperation of the feeding network structure 20 and the low-frequency radiation unit 10, effectively improving the material availability while reducing the material cost and layout complexity, and further simplifying the production process to reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0033] In this embodiment, the upper feeding network 200 includes an upper sheet metal one 203 that forms an air microstrip transmission line in an upper annular groove 101 preset at the upper part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 through an upper feeding network support 400, and an upper sheet metal two 202 that is arranged above the upper sheet metal one 203 and connected to the upper sheet metal one 203 and has a sheet metal end one 2021 and a sheet metal end two 2022. It further includes a first coaxial cable 201 with a cable end one 2011 and a cable end two 2012 arranged on the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and a second coaxial cable 204 with a cable end three 2041 and a cable end four 2042. The cable end one 2011 of the first coaxial cable 201 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, the cable end two 2012 of the first coaxial cable 201 is welded and connected to the sheet metal end one 2021 of the upper sheet metal two 202, the cable end three 2041 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and the cable end four 2042 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded and connected to the sheet metal end two 2022 of the upper sheet metal two 202.

[0034] In this embodiment, the lower feeding network 300 includes a lower sheet metal one 303 that forms an air microstrip transmission line in a lower annular groove 102 preset at the lower part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 through the lower feeding network support 500, and a lower sheet metal two 302 that is arranged below the lower sheet metal one 303 and connected to the lower sheet metal one 103 and has an air microstrip end one 3021 and an air microstrip end two 3022. It further includes a third coaxial cable 301 with a lower cable end one 3011 and a lower cable end two 3012 arranged on the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and a fourth coaxial cable 304 with a lower cable end three 3041 and a lower cable end four 3042. The lower cable end one 3011 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, the lower cable end two 3012 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded and connected to the air microstrip end one 3021 of the lower sheet metal two 302, the lower cable end three 3041 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and the lower cable end four 3042 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded and connected to the air microstrip end two 3022 of the lower sheet metal two 302. Among them, the high-frequency radiation unit 30 is arranged above the upper sheet metal two 202 and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10.

[0035] In this embodiment, a corresponding end of the upper sheet metal 203 penetrates into a first through hole 103 preset in a base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby realizing ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points. A corresponding end of the lower sheet metal 303 penetrates into a second through hole 104 preset in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby realizing ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points.

[0036] In this embodiment, a base station antenna adopts the high-low frequency nested radiation unit described above.

[0037] In this embodiment, for the base station antenna based on the high-low frequency nested radiation unit, through an external EDA software simulation experiment, the experimental results are as Figures 4 to 10 shown.

[0038] In specific use of this embodiment, first, the high-frequency radiation unit 30 is nested on the low-frequency radiation units 10 arranged in an array through the feeding network structure 20 to form a high-low frequency nested radiation unit to achieve a polarization mode of ±45°; second, the feeding network structure 20 adopts a structure in which the upper feeding network support 400, the upper feeding network 200, the lower feeding network support 500, and the lower feeding network 300 cooperate with each other to combine the high-frequency radiation unit 30 and the low-frequency radiation unit 10. That is, the cable end one 2011 of the first coaxial cable 201 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and the cable end two 2012 of the first coaxial cable 201 is welded and connected to the sheet metal end one 2021 of the upper sheet metal two 202. The cable end three 2041 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and the cable end four 2042 of the second coaxial cable 204 is welded and connected to the sheet metal end two 2022 of the upper sheet metal two 202; the lower cable end one 3011 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and the lower cable end two 3012 of the third coaxial cable 301 is welded and connected to the air microstrip end one 3021 of the lower sheet metal two 302. The lower cable end three 3041 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit 10, and the lower cable end four 3042 of the fourth coaxial cable 304 is welded and connected to the air microstrip end two 3022 of the lower sheet metal two 302. The high-frequency radiation unit 30 is arranged above the upper sheet metal two 202 and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10. The corresponding end of the upper sheet metal one 203 is inserted into the first through hole 103 preset in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line to achieve ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points; then, the corresponding end of the lower sheet metal one 303 is inserted into the second through hole 104 preset in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit 10 so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line to achieve ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points, thereby forming an independent bowl-shaped radiator with two-point feeding and combining output to achieve ±45° polarization; finally, the feeding method implemented by the feeding network structure 20 can effectively save layout space and reduce welding points to reduce the risk of structural design and third-order intermodulation, effectively improve the isolation stability to reduce the performance difference between batches, and by using the air microstrip transmission line formed by the cooperation of the feeding network structure 20 and the low-frequency radiation unit 10 to replace the PCB microstrip line, while effectively improving the material availability, it also reduces the material cost and layout complexity, and further simplifies the production process to reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0039] In summary, the present invention adopts the above structure and has the advantages of being able to ensure the matching accuracy, simplify the production process to reduce the manufacturing cost, and effectively improve the isolation stability to reduce the performance difference between batches.

[0040] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and deformations can be made according to the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and deformations should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-low frequency nested radiation unit, comprising a plurality of low-frequency radiation units (10) arranged in an array; characterized in that: A high-frequency radiation unit (30) is provided on the low-frequency radiation unit (10) through a feeding network structure (20); the feeding network structure (20) includes an upper feeding network (200) provided on the positive normal direction of the base of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit (10) through an upper feeding network support (400) and connected to the low-frequency radiation unit (10) to achieve ±45° polarization, and a lower feeding network (300) provided on the negative normal direction of the base of the adjacent low-frequency radiation unit (10) through a lower feeding network support (500) and connected to the low-frequency radiation unit (10) to achieve ±45° polarization.

2. The high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper feeding network (200) includes a first upper sheet metal (203) forming an air microstrip transmission line in an upper annular groove (101) preset on the upper part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) through the upper feeding network support (400), and a second upper sheet metal (202) provided above the first upper sheet metal (203) and connected to the first upper sheet metal (203) and having a first sheet metal end (2021) and a second sheet metal end (2022). It also includes a first coaxial cable (201) having a first cable end (2011) and a second cable end (2012) provided on the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) and a second coaxial cable (204) having a third cable end (2041) and a fourth cable end (2042).

3. The high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first cable end (2011) of the first coaxial cable (201) is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10), the second cable end (2012) of the first coaxial cable (201) is welded and connected to the first sheet metal end (2021) of the second upper sheet metal (202), the third cable end (2041) of the second coaxial cable (204) is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10), and the fourth cable end (2042) of the second coaxial cable (204) is welded and connected to the second sheet metal end (2022) of the second upper sheet metal (202).

4. The high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower feeding network (300) includes a first lower sheet metal (303) forming an air microstrip transmission line in a lower annular groove (102) preset on the lower part of the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) through the lower feeding network support (500), and a second lower sheet metal (302) provided below the first lower sheet metal (303) and connected to the first lower sheet metal (103) and having a first air microstrip end (3021) and a second air microstrip end (3022). It also includes a third coaxial cable (301) having a first lower cable end (3011) and a second lower cable end (3012) provided on the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) and a fourth coaxial cable (304) having a third lower cable end (3041) and a fourth lower cable end (3042).

5. The high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to claim 4, wherein: The lower cable end one (3011) of the third coaxial cable (301) is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10). The lower cable end two (3012) of the third coaxial cable (301) is welded and connected to the air microstrip end one (3021) of the lower sheet metal two (302). The lower cable end three (3041) of the fourth coaxial cable (304) is welded to the corresponding radiation arm of the low-frequency radiation unit (10). The lower cable end four (3042) of the fourth coaxial cable (304) is welded and connected to the air microstrip end two (3022) of the lower sheet metal two (302). Among them, the high-frequency radiation unit (30) is arranged above the upper sheet metal two (202), and its bottom is connected to the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10).

6. The high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to claim 5, wherein: The corresponding end of the upper sheet metal one (203) penetrates into the first through hole (103) preset in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby realizing ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points.

7. The high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to claim 6, wherein: The corresponding end of the lower sheet metal one (303) penetrates into the second through hole (104) preset in the base of the low-frequency radiation unit (10) so as to cooperate with each other to form a dielectric coaxial transmission line, thereby realizing ±45° polarization to combine four feeding points into two points.

8. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna adopts the high-low frequency nested radiation unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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