Solute replacement system, peritoneal dialysis equipment and medical first-aid equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a solute replacement system, peritoneal dialysis equipment and medical first-aid equipment, and the solute replacement system comprises an interface pipeline, one end of which is communicated with a human body and which comprises a first channel for outputting waste liquid from the human body and a second channel for inputting new liquid to the human body; the circulating replacement pipeline is communicated with the other end of the interface pipeline and comprises a liquid inlet pipeline which is communicated with the first channel to receive the waste liquid, a new liquid pipeline which is communicated with the second channel to output the new liquid, and a perfusion device which is connected between the liquid inlet pipeline and the new liquid pipeline in series; the perfusion device is used for receiving the waste liquid so as to remove toxins in the waste liquid and then outputting the waste liquid to the new liquid pipeline; the driving device is arranged in the interface pipeline or the circulating replacement pipeline and is used for driving the waste liquid and the new liquid to flow; and the control device is used for executing a CFPD treatment mode to control the driving device to drive the waste liquid and the new liquid to continuously flow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and more particularly to a solute replacement system, a peritoneal dialysis device, and a medical first aid device. Background Art

[0002] Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in critically ill patients. Fluid loss, burns, crush syndrome, trauma, or sepsis can all trigger AKI. Treatment for AKI often requires continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in the ICU. However, in special scenarios (such as water shortages, earthquakes, wartime, and concentrated outbreaks of large numbers of patients) or for special populations (such as infants, patients with blood loss, and those with difficulty receiving anticoagulation), it is often difficult to meet the conditions for CRRT or to perform it in a timely manner, resulting in delayed treatment and a large number of kidney failures and deaths.

[0003] Early kidney injury (early AKI) is characterized by its hidden nature and rapid development. For example, when patients with extensive trauma or infection are in the early stages of kidney injury (early AKI), that is, when patients with extensive trauma or infection do not show symptoms of kidney damage, if patients are given "preventive" dialysis treatment, the incidence and mortality of AKI can be significantly reduced. However, the CRRT or conventional hemodialysis treatment methods currently used in hospitals have disadvantages such as cumbersome and complex operations, and therefore cannot be applied to medical emergency, let alone medical emergency in special scenarios (such as water shortages, earthquakes, wartime, concentrated outbreaks of large numbers of patients, etc.).

[0004] Peritoneal dialysis (PD) boasts a simple system and easy implementation. However, due to the lack of PD equipment and consumables specifically designed for AKI treatment, and the fact that existing PD equipment requires large amounts of dialysate and has low dialysis efficiency, it is difficult to use in emergency medical situations. For example, existing PD relies on gravity to fill the peritoneal cavity with dialysate, which is then retained for a period of time before being drained and replaced with fresh dialysate. However, this treatment method not only consumes a large amount of dialysate, increasing treatment costs, but also gradually increases the toxin concentration in the dialysate after prolonged retention in the peritoneal cavity, resulting in a gradual decrease in dialysis efficiency, making it difficult to use in emergency medical situations.

[0005] Therefore, how to effectively and quickly remove toxins from the body through peritoneal dialysis to treat or prevent AKI without increasing the amount of dialysate used in medical emergency is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned related technologies, the purpose of this application is to provide a solute replacement system, peritoneal dialysis equipment and medical emergency equipment to overcome the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies in medical emergency, namely, how to not increase the amount of dialysis fluid but also to efficiently and quickly remove toxins from the body through peritoneal dialysis to achieve the treatment or prevention of AKI.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the first aspect of the present application provides a solute replacement system, comprising: an interface pipeline, one end of which is connected to the human body, including a first channel for outputting waste fluid from the human body and a second channel for inputting new fluid into the human body; a circulation replacement pipeline, connected to the other end of the interface pipeline, including an inlet pipeline connected to the first channel to receive the waste fluid, a new fluid pipeline connected to the second channel to output the new fluid, and a perfusion device connected in series between the inlet pipeline and the new fluid pipeline, the perfusion device receiving the waste fluid to remove toxins therein and then outputting it to the new fluid pipeline; a driving device, arranged in the interface pipeline or the circulation replacement pipeline, for driving the waste fluid and the new fluid to flow; a control device, for executing the CFPD treatment mode to control the driving device to drive the waste fluid and the new fluid to flow continuously.

[0008] In some examples of the first aspect, the interface tube is configured as a double-lumen catheter, the first channel corresponds to a first lumen of the double-lumen catheter, and the second channel corresponds to a second lumen of the double-lumen catheter.

[0009] In some examples of the first aspect, the interface conduit includes a first conduit and a second conduit, the inner lumen of the first conduit corresponds to the first channel, and the inner lumen of the second conduit corresponds to the second channel.

[0010] In some examples of the first aspect, the perfusion device includes a single cartridge, multiple cartridges connected in series, multiple cartridges connected in parallel, or multiple cartridges combined in series and parallel.

[0011] In some examples of the first aspect, the cartridge is filled with a single adsorption material or a mixture of multiple adsorption materials, or the cartridge is filled with multiple adsorption materials in layers to form multiple adsorption layers.

[0012] In some examples of the first aspect, the cartridge is filled with activated carbon; or a mixture of activated carbon and anion exchange material; or a mixture of activated carbon and cation exchange material; or a mixture of activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material.

[0013] In some examples of the first aspect, the cartridge is layered with activated carbon and anion exchange material; or activated carbon and cation exchange material; or activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material.

[0014] In some examples of the first aspect, the anion exchange material is configured to include hydrous zirconium oxide, zirconium hydroxide, sodium zirconium carbonate, or an anion exchange resin, and the cation exchange material is configured to include zirconium phosphate or a cation exchange resin.

[0015] In some examples of the first aspect, a supplementary fluid branch is provided downstream of the perfusion device for delivering supplementary fluid to the circulation replacement circuit.

[0016] In some examples of the first aspect, the replenishing liquid branch line is provided with a container for storing the replenishing liquid, and a replenishing liquid pump for transporting the replenishing liquid in the container to the new liquid pipeline.

[0017] In some examples of the first aspect, a venturi tube is provided downstream of the perfusion device, and the supplementary fluid branch is connected to the venturi tube so that the supplementary fluid is delivered to the circulation replacement pipeline through the venturi effect.

[0018] In some examples of the first aspect, a one-way valve is provided on the supplementary liquid branch line to open under the Venturi effect to allow the supplementary liquid to be delivered to the circulation replacement pipeline.

[0019] In some examples of the first aspect, the replenishing fluid includes a hypertonic solute solution and / or an electrolyte solution.

[0020] In some examples of the first aspect, the hypertonic solute includes glucose.

[0021] In some examples of the first aspect, the glucose content in the hypertonic solute is 1.5% to 70%.

[0022] In some examples of the first aspect, the electrolyte solution is configured to include potassium, calcium, and magnesium.

[0023] In some examples of the first aspect, the concentration range of potassium, calcium and magnesium can be configured to be 0 to 100 mmol / L.

[0024] In some examples of the first aspect, the driving device includes a driving liquid pump configured on the interface pipeline or the circulation replacement pipeline.

[0025] In some examples of the first aspect, the driving device includes a first liquid pump configured on the liquid inlet pipeline and a second liquid pump configured on the new liquid pipeline, which is used to change the total amount of liquid equilibrium state of the solute replacement system through the differential speed of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump.

[0026] In some examples of the first aspect, the solute exchange system is used for the treatment of AKI or for medical emergency.

[0027] A second aspect of the present application provides a peritoneal dialysis device, comprising: a solute replacement system as disclosed in any example of the first aspect of the present application.

[0028] A third aspect of the present application provides a medical emergency device, comprising: a solute replacement system as disclosed in any example of the first aspect of the present application.

[0029] In summary, the solute replacement system, peritoneal dialysis equipment and medical emergency equipment disclosed in the present application execute the CFPD treatment mode through the control device to control the driving device to drive the waste fluid to be discharged from the human peritoneal cavity through the interface pipeline and input into the perfusion device through the liquid inlet pipeline. The perfusion device removes toxins in the waste fluid to form new fluid, and the driving device drives the new fluid to be input into the human peritoneal cavity through the new fluid pipeline and the interface pipeline. In this way, the new fluid can be continuously input into the human peritoneal cavity without increasing the amount of dialysate used, thereby ensuring the efficiency of toxin removal in the body and eliminating the need to replace the bagged dialysate. In addition, in medical emergency, especially in special scenarios, it is achieved that the amount of dialysate used does not increase and toxins in the body can be removed efficiently and quickly through peritoneal dialysis, so as to prevent / avoid patients from developing AKI or renal and liver failure, or to avoid further aggravating the burden on the kidneys when patients develop AKI or renal and liver failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The specific features of the present application are set forth in the appended claims. The features and advantages of the present invention can be better understood by referring to the exemplary embodiments described in detail below and the accompanying drawings. A brief description of the drawings is as follows:

[0031] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the principle of a solute replacement system in one embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figures 2 to 4 Schematic diagrams of the lumens of the double-lumen catheter in different embodiments of the present application are shown respectively.

[0033] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the principle of a solute replacement system in another embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a perfusion device in one embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a perfusion device in another embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 8 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a cartridge in one embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 9Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a cartridge in another embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 10 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a cartridge in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 11 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a cartridge in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figures 12 to 14 Schematic diagrams of the principles of a solute replacement system equipped with a supplementary liquid branch in different embodiments of the present application are shown respectively.

[0041] Figure 15 Shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of a Venturi tube in one embodiment of the present application.

[0042] Figure 16 Shown is a schematic diagram of the principle of a solute replacement system in yet another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following specific embodiments of the present application are illustrated, and those familiar with the technology can easily understand the advantages of the present application and the technical effects that can be achieved from the contents disclosed in this specification. In the following description, some embodiments may refer to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that other embodiments without accompanying drawings may also be used, and changes in specific structures, parts or mechanisms, components and operations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. The following detailed description should not be considered restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of the present application is limited only by the claims published in this application. The terms used here are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0044] It should be understood that, although in some embodiments the term first, second or third etc. can be used to describe various elements or parameters in this article, these elements or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish an element or parameter from another element or parameter, and are not used to limit the order, priority or importance of multiple elements. For example, the first channel can be referred to as the second channel, and similarly, the second channel can be referred to as the first channel, without breaking away from the scope of the various described embodiments, the first channel and the second channel are both a channel in the description interface pipeline, but unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, they are not the same channel. Similar situations also include the first conduit and the second conduit or the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump.

[0045] Furthermore, as used in this article, the singular forms "one", "an" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms, unless there is an indication to the contrary in the context. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of described features, steps, operations, elements, components, projects, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the existence, occurrence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, projects, kinds, and / or groups. For example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units need not be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. In addition, the term "and / or" that may be used hereinafter describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / ", if not otherwise specified, generally represents that the associated objects before and after are a kind of "and / or" relationship. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" refers to two or more than two. Furthermore, the terms "or" and "and / or" used in this document are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. Exceptions to this definition will only occur when a combination of elements, functions, steps or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0046] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will also be understood that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of this specification and the relevant art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined as such in this document.

[0047] As used herein, the terms "treat," "treat," and "treatment," and variations thereof, refer to any reduction in the extent, frequency, or severity of one or more symptoms or symptoms associated with a condition.

[0048] The term "dialysis" is a type of filtration, or the process of selective diffusion through a membrane. Dialysis is the removal of solutes of a specific molecular weight range from a fluid being dialyzed via diffusion through a membrane.

[0049] Relative terms such as "below" or "above" or "upper" or "lower" or "horizontal" or "vertical" may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element, layer or region to another element, layer or region as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that these terms are intended to cover different device orientations other than the orientation depicted in the figures. In this application, the "vertical", "horizontal" and "parallel" are defined as including situations within ±10% of the standard definition. For example, vertical usually refers to an angle of 90° relative to a reference line, but in this application, vertical refers to situations within 80° to 100°. Unless otherwise expressly stated, comparative quantitative terms (such as "above" and "below") are intended to cover the concept of equality. As an example, "above" can mean not only "greater than" in a mathematical sense, but also "equal to".

[0050] In addition, the use of endpoints to limit the numerical range includes all values contained in the range (e.g., 1 to 5 includes 1, 1.5, 2, 2.75, 3, 3.80, 4, 5, etc.). Unless otherwise indicated, all numerical values used to represent the number of components, molecular weight, etc. in the specification and claims should be understood to be modified by the term "about" in all cases. Accordingly, unless otherwise indicated, the numerical parameters listed in this specification and claims are approximate values, which can vary depending on the desired properties that the present invention attempts to obtain. Each numerical parameter should be constructed at least according to the number of significant figures stated and by applying general rounding techniques, but this does not limit the basic principle of being equivalent to the scope of the claims.

[0051] Although the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the overall scope of the invention are approximations, the numerical values set forth in the specific examples are reported as precisely as possible. However, all numerical values necessarily include a range resulting from the standard deviation of their respective testing measurements.

[0052] The terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application. When used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that when used herein, the terms "comprise," "include," "include," and / or "comprising" specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or parts, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, parts, and / or combinations thereof.

[0053] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments and technical effects obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work should fall within the scope of protection of this application. "One embodiment", "embodiment" or similar wordings mentioned throughout this specification mean that the specific features, structures or characteristics described together with the embodiment are included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Therefore, throughout this specification, the appearance of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in an embodiment" and similar wordings may (but not necessarily) relate to the same embodiment.

[0054] The present application discloses a solute replacement system, which is used to continuously replace toxins from the blood and replace solutes in the new fluid into the blood during dialysis using new fluid injected into the human peritoneal cavity, and continuously output waste fluid containing toxins to the body, and continuously input new fluid formed after the toxins in the waste fluid are removed from the body into the solute replacement system or the human body.

[0055] In one embodiment, the solute exchange system can be applied to medical devices, including but not limited to blood purification equipment, medical emergency equipment, extracorporeal circulation clearance systems, or extracorporeal enrichment and clearance equipment. The blood purification equipment includes but is not limited to peritoneal dialysis (PD) equipment.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present application, the “waste liquid” refers to the liquid containing toxins formed after fresh dialysate undergoes solute exchange in the human peritoneal cavity.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the "new liquid" refers to the liquid formed after the waste liquid (or dialysis waste liquid) is cleared of some or most of the toxins or toxic molecules, and is referred to as the new liquid. Furthermore, the "new liquid" can also be the liquid formed after the waste liquid is cleared of some or most of the toxins or toxic molecules and is supplemented with beneficial or necessary molecules, and is referred to as the new liquid. For example, the "new liquid" is the liquid formed after the waste liquid is cleared of some or most of the toxins or toxic molecules and is supplemented with the supplemental liquid described below. The new liquid can be used as a fresh dialysate to exchange with the toxins in the human body again, and this cycle is repeated to continuously remove toxins from the human body and achieve the purpose of treatment.

[0058] In some embodiments, the present application provides a solute replacement system comprising an interface circuit, a circulation replacement circuit, a driving device, and a control device. In the following embodiments, the solute replacement system is applied to a peritoneal dialysis (PD) device as an example for illustrative description.

[0059] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle of a solute replacement system in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the solute replacement system includes an interface pipeline 1, a circulation replacement pipeline 2, a drive device and a control device 4. The liquid inlet pipeline 20 in the circulation replacement pipeline 2 is connected to the first channel 10 of the interface pipeline 1 to receive the waste liquid output from the human body 5 by the first channel 10. The perfusion device 22 in the circulation replacement pipeline 2 is used to remove toxins in the waste liquid to generate new liquid. The new liquid is input from the new liquid pipeline 21 in the circulation replacement pipeline 2 to the second channel 11 of the interface pipeline 1 and then to the human body 5. The control device 4 is used to execute the CFPD treatment mode to control the drive device to drive the waste liquid and the new liquid to flow continuously. In the following embodiments, the interface pipeline 1 is connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 as an example for explanation.

[0060] One end of the interface conduit 1 is in communication with the abdominal cavity of the human body 5. The interface conduit 1 includes a first channel 10 for discharging waste fluid from the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 and a second channel 11 for injecting new fluid into the abdominal cavity of the human body 5. Specifically, one end of the first channel 10 is in communication with the abdominal cavity of the human body 5, and the other end of the first channel 10 is in communication with the fluid inlet conduit 20. One end of the second channel 11 is in communication with the abdominal cavity of the human body 5, and the other end of the second channel 11 is in communication with the new fluid conduit 21, thereby discharging waste fluid from the abdominal cavity of the human body 5 and injecting new fluid into the abdominal cavity of the human body 5.

[0061] In one embodiment, the interface conduit 1 includes a first conduit and a second conduit, both of which are single-channel conduits. In other words, each conduit has a lumen, the lumen of the first conduit corresponding to the first channel 10, and the lumen of the second conduit corresponding to the second channel 11. Specifically, in this embodiment, the interface conduit 1 includes two independent single-channel conduits (a first conduit and a second conduit), one end of the first conduit communicating with the peritoneal cavity of the human body 5, and the other end of the first conduit communicating with the inlet fluid conduit 20, and one end of the second conduit communicating with the peritoneal cavity of the human body 5, and the other end of the second conduit communicating with the fresh fluid conduit 21.

[0062] In another embodiment, the interface tube 1 is configured as a double-lumen catheter, which is a catheter comprising two lumens (a first lumen and a second lumen) in one catheter. The first channel 10 corresponds to the first lumen of the double-lumen catheter, and the second channel 11 corresponds to the second lumen of the double-lumen catheter. One end of the first lumen and the second lumen are connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body, and the other ends of the first lumen and the second lumen are connected to the inlet liquid pipeline 20 and the new liquid pipeline 21, respectively. In some examples, please refer to Figures 2 to 4, respectively showing schematic diagrams of the lumens of the double-lumen catheter in different embodiments of the present application. As shown in the figure, each double-lumen catheter includes a first lumen L1 and a second lumen L2. The first lumen L1 and the second lumen L2 of the double-lumen catheter can be as follows Figure 2 As shown in FIG, the two lumens of the double-lumen catheter are arranged in parallel, and one end of the double-lumen catheter communicating with the circulation replacement pipeline can also be arranged as shown in FIG. Figure 3 The acute angle configuration shown can also be Figure 4 It should be noted that the specific configuration of the two lumens in the double-lumen catheter is not limited, as long as the double-lumen catheter has a first lumen that can communicate with the inlet pipe 20 and a second lumen that can communicate with the new liquid pipe 21.

[0063] In the following embodiments, the interface tubing is configured as a double-lumen catheter. This facilitates connection between the interface tubing and the human body, meaning that a single insertion is sufficient to complete the connection. This simplifies the doctor's operation during emergency medical procedures and facilitates efficient and rapid dialysis treatment for patients.

[0064] Please continue reading Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the circulating replacement pipeline 2 connected to the other end of the interface pipeline 1 includes an inlet pipeline 20, a new liquid pipeline 21, and a perfusion device 22. The inlet pipeline 20 is connected to the first channel 10 to receive the waste liquid output by the first channel 10. The perfusion device 22 is connected in series between the inlet pipeline 20 and the new liquid pipeline 21 to receive the waste liquid output by the inlet pipeline 20 and output the waste liquid to the new liquid pipeline 21 after removing toxins in the waste liquid. The new liquid pipeline 21 is connected to the second channel 11 to output the new liquid to the second channel 11. By setting up the circulating replacement pipeline, the waste liquid can be processed into new liquid, and the new liquid can be continuously input into the human body as fresh dialysate. In this way, there is no need to continuously consume fresh dialysate to reduce the amount of dialysate used and reduce costs, and the efficiency of dialysis can be improved.

[0065] In one embodiment, the liquid inlet pipeline 20 includes an input end and an output end. The input end of the liquid inlet pipeline 20 is connected to the first channel 10, and the output end of the liquid inlet pipeline 20 is connected to the perfusion device 22 to input waste liquid into the perfusion device 22.

[0066] Furthermore, in one embodiment, a preformed liquid bypass (not shown) is provided on the liquid inlet pipeline 20 , and the preformed liquid bypass is used to prefill, empty, or flush the passage of the solute replacement system.

[0067] In one embodiment, the preformed liquid bypass is a system for prefilling and emptying a purification circuit. By connecting to a liquid storage container (for example, a preformed liquid bag) in a solute replacement system and cooperating with the working mode of the driving device in the solute replacement system, or the upright or inverted state of the liquid storage container, the two operations of prefilling and emptying can be achieved, that is, in the prefilling mode, the outlet of the liquid in the liquid storage container is at a low position; and in the emptying mode, the outlet of the gas in the liquid storage container is at a high position; compared with the conventional operation in the prior art, the system of the present application has a simple structure, convenient operation, and low learning cost. The operator does not need to repeatedly invert the reactor for continuous circulation prefilling. Moreover, the application of the system of the present application enables more scientific treatment of medical waste such as pipelines and waste liquids after emptying.

[0068] In this embodiment, the liquid storage container can be switched between upright and inverted states, that is, the state of placing the liquid storage container upright is upright, and the state of placing the liquid storage container upside down is inverted. In order to switch between the two states more simply, a mechanism for placing the liquid storage container upright or inverted is also included. In one embodiment, the mechanism is, for example, a plate or a frame for placing the liquid storage container, and a structure for fixing the liquid storage container and a positioning structure for positioning the upright state and the inverted state are provided on the plate or the frame, so that the liquid storage container can be stabilized in the upright state when it is placed upright, or can be stabilized in the inverted state when it is inverted.

[0069] In some embodiments, the pre-liquid bypass is, for example, a system for pre-filling and emptying a purification circuit as described in patent document CN2022108507945; in this application, the full text of patent document CN2022108507945 is cited herewith.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the perfusion device 22 is connected in series between the liquid inlet pipeline 20 and the new liquid pipeline 21 to receive the waste liquid output from the liquid inlet pipeline 20 and to remove toxins in the waste liquid to form new liquid and output it to the new liquid pipeline 21; in other words, the perfusion device 22 is located downstream of the liquid inlet pipeline 20 and upstream of the new liquid pipeline 21; it should be understood that the upstream and downstream relationships are determined according to the flow direction of the liquid (also referred to as fluid), that is, the one that flows first is upstream and the one that flows later is downstream, rather than a physical up-down relationship.

[0071] It should be noted that for toxins that cannot be adsorbed by the perfusion device, adding a perfusion device to implement the CFPD treatment mode will only improve the clearance effect of the corresponding toxins to a limited extent but will not cause the clearance effect to deteriorate; for toxins that can be cleared by the perfusion device, it is equivalent to fresh dialysate being re-injected into the human body's peritoneal cavity at all times. Therefore, for toxins that can be cleared by the perfusion device, adding a perfusion device to implement the CFPD treatment mode will significantly improve the clearance effect of the corresponding toxins and improve the clearance efficiency.

[0072] In one embodiment, see Figure 5 , which is a schematic diagram of the principle of a solute replacement system in another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the perfusion device 22 includes only one perfusion device 220, the input end 2200 of the perfusion device 220 is connected to the liquid inlet pipeline 20, and the output end 2201 of the perfusion device 220 is connected to the new liquid pipeline 21.

[0073] In another embodiment, the perfusion device 22 includes a plurality of perfusion devices connected in series. Specifically, the perfusion device includes two or more perfusion devices connected in series. For example, refer to 6 and combine Figure 1 , Figure 6 The diagram shows the structure of the perfusion device in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the perfusion device 22 includes two perfusion devices 220 connected in series. The flow direction of the fluid in the perfusion device 22 is as follows: Figure 6 In the direction indicated by the middle arrow, the input end 2200 of the cartridge 220 located upstream of the perfusion device 22 communicates with the liquid inlet pipeline 20, while the output end 2200 of the cartridge 220 located downstream of the perfusion device 22 communicates with the new liquid pipeline 21. In this embodiment, to connect multiple cartridges in series, the perfusion device further includes one or more serial conduits, each of which connects two cartridges at either end. It should be noted that the cartridges connected in series within the perfusion device can be identical or different, for example, the cartridges can contain different types of adsorbent material or different methods of loading the adsorbent material.

[0074] In another embodiment, the perfusion device 22 includes a plurality of perfusion devices connected in parallel. Specifically, the perfusion device includes two or more perfusion devices connected in parallel. For example, refer to 7 and combine Figure 1 , Figure 7 The diagram shows the structure of the perfusion device in another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the perfusion device 22 includes two parallel perfusion devices 220. The flow direction of the fluid in the perfusion device 22 is as follows: Figure 7 In this embodiment, in order to divert the waste liquid from the first channel to two or more perfusion devices, the perfusion device further includes a parallel conduit, which is used to connect multiple perfusion devices in parallel. In one example, Figure 7As shown, the parallel conduits are configured as shunt conduits 221. A shunt conduit for connecting multiple perfusates in parallel is respectively provided upstream and downstream of the perfusion device 22. The number of branches in the shunt conduit 221 is equal to the number of perfusates 220 connected in parallel in the perfusion device 22 so as to connect each perfusate 220 respectively. The main flow of the shunt conduit 221 located upstream is used to connect to the liquid inlet pipeline, and the main flow of the shunt conduit 221 located downstream is used to connect to the new liquid pipeline. Thus, the two shunt conduits can connect multiple perfusates in parallel between the liquid inlet pipeline and the new liquid pipeline. In another example, the parallel conduits may also be configured as multi-lumen conduits. Of course, the parallel conduits may also be configured as conduits formed by combining multiple conduits in a certain connection manner. For example, the upstream and downstream of the perfusion device each include a parallel conduit formed by connecting multiple double-lumen conduits. The multiple double-lumen conduits are connected in a tree-like manner, so that the number of terminal lumens of the tree-like parallel conduits is equal to the number of perfusion devices, so as to respectively connect each perfusion device. The top lumen of the tree-like parallel conduits located upstream is connected to the inlet liquid pipeline, and the top lumen of the tree-like parallel conduits located downstream is connected to the new liquid pipeline. Thus, the parallel conduit formed by connecting multiple double-lumen conduits can connect multiple perfusion devices in parallel to the inlet liquid pipeline or the new liquid pipeline. It should be noted that although the above example uses the parallel conduits as an example to illustrate that only double-lumen conduits are included in the parallel conduits, in other embodiments, the parallel conduits may also include different types of conduits, for example, the parallel conduits may include two double-lumen conduits and one triple-lumen conduit.

[0075] In yet another embodiment, the perfusion device further comprises a plurality of cartridges connected in series and parallel. Specifically, based on the description of cartridges connected in series and parallel in the above embodiments, the perfusion device can be configured to include a plurality of cartridges connected in series and parallel. For example, the perfusion device can be configured to include one or more groups of cartridges connected in parallel, wherein the one or more groups of cartridges are connected in series with each other or with one or more individual cartridges, so that the perfusion device comprises a plurality of cartridges connected in series and parallel. It should be noted that the cartridges in the serial and parallel perfusion device can be the same or different, for example, the cartridges can contain different types of adsorbent materials or different methods of loading the adsorbent materials.

[0076] In one embodiment, see Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cartridge in one embodiment of the present application, shows that the cartridge 220 includes a housing 2204 and an adsorption material 2202. The housing 2204 includes an input end 2200, an output end 2201, and a cavity 2203. The adsorption material 2202 is located in the cavity 2203. The input end 2200 of the cartridge 220 is located upstream of the output end 2201. Thus, fluid enters the cavity 2203 from the input end 2200, contacts the adsorption material 2202 in the cavity 2203, and then flows out from the output end 2201.

[0077] Liquid flowing into the housing 2204 more easily passes through the area where the edge of the housing 2204 contacts the adsorbent material 2202, resulting in a smaller pressure drop at the edge of the adsorbent material 2202 than at the center. Consequently, adsorbent material 2202 at the same height cannot contact the same amount of liquid simultaneously, causing the liquid front to pass through the adsorbent material 2022 in an uneven manner, such as a "cone." To this end, the cartridge 220 also includes a guide plate (not shown) located upstream of the adsorbent material 2022. The guide plate is used to ensure that the flow rate of liquid flowing into the center of the adsorbent material 2022 is greater than the flow rate of liquid flowing into the edge of the adsorbent material 2022. This allows the liquid front to pass through the adsorbent material 2022 in a planar manner, rather than in an uneven manner, such as a cone. In one example, the guide plate is located upstream of the adsorption material and is arranged on one side of the input end perpendicular to the flow direction of the liquid. The guide plate includes a plurality of first through holes corresponding to the middle area of the adsorption material and a plurality of second through holes arranged around the periphery of the plurality of first through holes. The size (e.g., area) of the first through holes is larger than the size of the second through holes, thereby making the flow rate of the liquid flowing into the middle area of the adsorption material greater than the flow rate of the liquid flowing into the edge area. In this way, the liquid front can pass through the adsorption material in a plane rather than in an uneven manner such as a cone. It should be noted that the first through holes and the second through holes can be regular shapes such as circular or elongated, or irregular shapes.

[0078] In one embodiment, the cartridge 220 further includes filters (not shown) located at the input end 2200 and the output end 2201 , respectively. The filters are used to prevent the adsorption material 2202 from entering the human body along with the flow of fluid.

[0079] In an embodiment of the present application, the adsorbent material loaded in the perfusion device removes toxins from the waste liquid flowing through the perfusion device through adsorption, so that new liquid is continuously input into the human body's peritoneal cavity to improve the efficiency of dialysis. The perfusion device can be filled with a single adsorbent material or a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials, or multiple adsorbent materials can be loaded in layers to form multiple adsorption layers. In the embodiment in which a single adsorbent material is loaded in the perfusion device, the perfusion device can remove toxins in the waste liquid that can be adsorbed by the single adsorbent material. In the embodiment in which a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials is loaded in the perfusion device or multiple adsorbent materials are loaded in layers, the perfusion device can remove toxins in the waste liquid that can be adsorbed by any of the multiple adsorbent materials.

[0080] In some embodiments, the cartridge is filled with a single adsorbent material or a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials. The adsorbent material includes activated carbon, a cation exchange material, or an anion exchange material. The cation exchange material may include zirconium phosphate or a cation exchange resin, and the anion exchange material may include hydrated zirconium oxide, zirconium hydroxide, sodium zirconium carbonate, or an anion exchange resin. In one example, the cartridge is filled with a single adsorbent material. For example, the cartridge is filled with activated carbon. Filling the cartridge with only activated carbon can improve the adsorption efficiency of the activated carbon in specific treatments where the removal of both anions and cations is not necessary, while also reducing the difficulty of cartridge processing. In another example, the cartridge is filled with a mixture of multiple adsorbent materials. For example, the cartridge is filled with a mixture of activated carbon and an anion exchange material. In another example, the cartridge is filled with a mixture of activated carbon and a cation exchange material. In another example, the cartridge is filled with a mixed column of activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material. Activated carbon is used to adsorb most organic matter, medium-molecular substances, and heavy metals, such as creatinine. Cation exchange materials are used to adsorb various cationic substances, such as potassium, calcium, and magnesium. Anion exchange materials are used to adsorb various anionic substances, such as phosphate and acetate.

[0081] In other embodiments, the perfusion device is filled with multiple adsorption materials in layers to form multiple adsorption layers. The adsorption materials include activated carbon, cation exchange materials, or anion exchange materials. The substances contained in the various adsorption materials and the functions of the adsorption materials are the same or similar to those described in the previous embodiment and will not be repeated here. In one example, please refer to Figure 9 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cartridge in another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the cartridge 220 is layered with activated carbon and anion exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and an anion exchange material adsorption layer. In another example, please refer to Figure 10, shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a cartridge in another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the cartridge 220 is layered with activated carbon and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer and a cation exchange material adsorption layer. In another example, please refer to Figure 11 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cartridge in yet another embodiment of the present application. As shown in the figure, the cartridge 220 is layered with activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material to form an activated carbon adsorption layer, an anion exchange material adsorption layer, and a cation exchange material adsorption layer. It should be noted that although the multiple adsorption layers in the cartridge in the above embodiment do not include repeated adsorption layers, in other embodiments, the multiple adsorption layers in the cartridge may include repeated adsorption layers. In other words, the same adsorption material may be distributed in different regions of the cartridge at intervals. For example, the perfusion device may be filled with activated carbon, anion exchange material, and activated carbon in sequence from upstream to downstream.

[0082] like Figure 1 As shown, the input end of the new liquid pipeline 21 is connected to the perfusion device 22, and the output end of the new liquid pipeline 21 is connected to the second channel 11, so that the new liquid from the perfusion device 22 is input into the human body through the second channel 11. In one embodiment, in order to add supplementary liquid to the new liquid in the new liquid pipeline and input the new liquid with supplementary liquid into the human body, a supplementary liquid branch ( Figure 1 not indicated).

[0083] In some embodiments, see Figures 12 to 14 and combined Figure 1 , Figures 12 to 14 Schematic diagrams of the principles of a solute replacement system configured with a supplemental fluid branch in various embodiments of the present application are shown. As shown, a supplemental fluid branch 6 is provided downstream of the perfusion device 22 for delivering supplemental fluid to the circulating replacement line 2, thereby forming a new fluid that can be used for dialysis treatment. The supplemental fluid includes a hypertonic solute (also referred to as a hyperosmotic solute or hypertonic solution) and / or an electrolyte solution.

[0084] The hypertonic solute includes glucose. In one example, the glucose in the hypertonic solute is configured to be 1.5% to 70%. For example, the concentration of glucose in the hypertonic solute is 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, or 70%.

[0085] The electrolyte solution is configured to include potassium, calcium, and magnesium. In one example, the concentration range of potassium, calcium, and magnesium can be configured to be 0 to 100 mmol / L. For example, the total concentration range of potassium, calcium, and magnesium in the electrolyte solution can be configured to be 0, 10 mmol / L, 20 mmol / L, 30 mmol / L, 40 mmol / L, 50 mmol / L, 60 mmol / L, 70 mmol / L, 80 mmol / L, 90 mmol / L, or 100 mmol / L. Furthermore, the electrolyte solution may also include phosphorus, sodium, chlorine, alkali, and the like.

[0086] In one embodiment, if Figure 12 As shown, the replenishing liquid branch 6 is disposed on the fresh liquid pipeline 21. The replenishing liquid branch 6 includes a container 60 for storing replenishing liquid, and a replenishing liquid pump 61 for transporting the replenishing liquid in the container 60 to the fresh liquid pipeline 21. In this embodiment, when the replenishing liquid pump 61 is in operation, the replenishing liquid in the container 60 is continuously replenished to the fresh liquid pipeline 21. The replenishing liquid pump 61 is, for example, a peristaltic pump, a pneumatic diaphragm pump, or a pressure pump.

[0087] In another embodiment, a venturi tube is provided downstream of the perfusion device. In one example, the venturi tube is integrated into the output end of the perfusion device to form an integral structure with the perfusion device, or is connected between the output end of the perfusion device and the input end of the new liquid pipeline to serve as a connecting part, such as Figure 13 As shown, the venturi tube 210 is connected between the output end of the perfusion device 22 and the input end of the new liquid pipeline 21. In another example, the venturi tube is configured or formed in the new liquid pipeline, such as Figure 14 As shown, the venturi tube 210 in the new liquid pipeline 21 is configured or formed in the middle area of the new liquid pipeline 21. Of course, it can also be configured or formed in other areas of the new liquid pipeline 21. The present application does not limit the position of the venturi tube in the new liquid pipeline 21. In this embodiment, the replenishing liquid branch 6 is connected to the venturi tube 210 so that the replenishing liquid is transported to the circulating replacement pipeline through the venturi effect. By configuring a venturi tube to transport the replenishing liquid, the manufacturing cost of the solute replacement system can be reduced and the weight of the solute replacement system can be reduced, so that it is easy to use in medical emergency. In the following embodiments, the configuration of the venturi tube at the input end of the new liquid pipeline is used as an example for explanation.

[0088] In one embodiment, see Figure 15 and combined Figure 13 , Figure 15The cross-sectional view of the venturi tube in one embodiment of the present application is shown. As shown in the figure, the venturi tube 210 includes an inlet section 2101, an outlet section 2102, and a neck section 2100. The fluid in the venturi tube 210 flows from the inlet section 2101 through the neck section 2100 to the outlet section 2102. The flow direction is as follows: Figure 15 As shown by the horizontal arrow in the figure. The inlet end 21010 of the inlet section 2101 is connected to the output end of the perfusion device 22 to receive the new liquid output by the perfusion device 22. The inlet section 2101 has a contraction portion 21011. The cross-sectional area of the contraction portion 21011 gradually shrinks to the same as that of the neck section 2100, so that the flow rate of the new liquid increases when passing through the neck section 2100. The neck section 2100 has a replenishing liquid inlet 21000 connected to the replenishing liquid branch 6. The new liquid flowing at a high speed in the neck section 2100 will generate low pressure, thereby generating an adsorption effect, and then the replenishing liquid from the replenishing liquid branch 6 can be sucked from the replenishing liquid inlet 21000 to input the new liquid added to the replenishing liquid into the new liquid pipeline 21 through the outlet end 21020 of the outlet section 2101. It should be noted that the venturi tube described in this application is not limited to Figure 15 The structure shown in FIG. 1 only requires that the venturi tube has a gradually narrowing pipe. For example, the venturi tube may only include Figure 15 In the inlet section and outlet section shown, the replenisher inlet can be arranged at the position where the fluid velocity is the largest in the inlet section and outlet section.

[0089] In the embodiment where the solute displacement system utilizes the Venturi effect to deliver the supplemental fluid into the circulation displacement pipeline, Figure 13 As shown, the replenishing liquid branch 6 includes a container 60 for storing the replenishing liquid. Figure 14 As shown, the replenishing liquid branch 6 may also include a one-way valve 62 provided on the replenishing liquid branch 6. The one-way valve 62 closes the replenishing liquid branch 6 in the initial state (in the natural state without force), and the one-way valve 62 opens under the Venturi effect to allow the replenishing liquid to be transported to the circulating replacement pipeline (for example, the new liquid pipeline 21). Specifically, under the Venturi effect, the new liquid flows at a high speed at the replenishing liquid inlet of the Venturi tube, resulting in a low pressure at the replenishing liquid inlet, and then the one-way valve opens, and the replenishing liquid can smoothly pass through the replenishing liquid inlet into the Venturi tube. When the new liquid in the Venturi tube stops flowing, no pressure difference is generated at the replenishing liquid inlet, and the one-way valve remains in a closed state, thereby preventing the replenishing liquid from flowing into the Venturi tube. By providing a one-way valve on the replenishing liquid branch, it is possible to effectively prevent the replenishing liquid from flowing into the Venturi tube when there is no fluid flow in the Venturi tube. It should be noted that, in an embodiment without a one-way valve, the liquid outlet of the container may be lower than the replenishing liquid inlet of the venturi tube to prevent the replenishing liquid from flowing into the venturi tube under the action of gravity when there is no fluid flowing in the venturi tube.

[0090] The driving device is disposed in the interface pipeline or the circulation replacement pipeline and is used to drive the flow of the waste fluid and the new fluid. Specifically, the driving device can drive the waste fluid from the human body into the perfusion device via the first channel and the liquid inlet pipeline, and drive the new fluid formed after flowing through the perfusion device into the human body via the new fluid pipeline and the second channel.

[0091] In one embodiment, the driving device includes a driving liquid pump disposed on the interface pipeline or the circulation replacement pipeline. Figure 1 As shown, the driving liquid pump 30 is configured on the liquid inlet pipeline 20 of the circulation replacement pipeline 2. It should be noted that although the figure takes the driving liquid pump configured on the liquid inlet pipeline as an example, it is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the driving liquid pump can also be configured on the new liquid pipeline.

[0092] In another embodiment, the driving device includes a first liquid pump configured on the liquid inlet pipeline and a second liquid pump configured on the new liquid pipeline. The driving device is used to change the total amount of liquid equilibrium state of the solute replacement system through the differential speed of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump. Specifically, the speeds of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump are different to increase or decrease the total amount of liquid equilibrium state of the solute replacement system.

[0093] In one embodiment, the driving liquid pump, the first liquid pump, and the second liquid pump are, for example, peristaltic pumps, pneumatic diaphragm pumps, or pressure pumps.

[0094] The control device 4 is used to execute the CFPD treatment mode to control the driving device to drive the waste liquid and the new liquid to flow continuously. Specifically, the control device 4 controls the driving device to drive the waste liquid and the new liquid to flow continuously, so as to continuously output the waste liquid from the human body and input the new liquid into the human body, thereby realizing the CFPD (continuous flow peritoneal dialysis) mode. Among them, the CFPD mode means that when the dialysate in the human peritoneal cavity reaches the required amount, the first channel 10 in the interface pipeline 1 continuously outputs the waste liquid and the second channel 11 continuously inputs the new liquid, thereby maintaining the same fluid flow rate flowing into the peritoneal cavity and the fluid flow rate flowing out of the peritoneal cavity.

[0095] Although the above embodiments are described by taking the control device executing the CFPD treatment mode as an example, it is not limited to this. In other embodiments, the control device can also be used to execute other periodic (also called intermittent) or continuous treatment modes to improve the efficiency of dialysis. In one example, the control device can also only execute the CAPD treatment mode, the APD treatment mode, or the TPD treatment mode. In another example, the control device can also be used to execute a combination of multiple treatment modes among the CAPD treatment mode, the APD treatment mode, the TPD treatment mode, and the CFPD treatment mode. For example, the solute replacement system also includes a mode selection device, which is communicatively connected to the control device. The mode selection device is used to receive an input mode selection signal and send the determined working mode information to the control device for the control device to execute the corresponding treatment mode, so that the solute replacement system can achieve a combination of multiple treatment modes.

[0096] It should be noted that in the embodiment where the control device executes a periodic treatment mode, the waste fluid, new fluid, and other fluids in the above embodiment flow periodically. For example, the control device controls the drive device to operate periodically, so that the waste fluid periodically flows from the human peritoneal cavity into the first channel and the inlet pipeline. The perfusion device then periodically receives the waste fluid from the inlet pipeline, removes toxins therefrom, and outputs it to the new fluid pipeline. The new fluid periodically flows through the new fluid pipeline and the second channel into the human peritoneal cavity.

[0097] In one embodiment, the control device 4 includes a controller or system processor, which outputs corresponding control instructions via a program written into the controller or system processor; or receives trigger instructions input by an operator via an input device such as a touch screen to execute the relevant control instructions. For example, in CFPD mode, the solute displacement system can continuously aspirate waste fluid from the human peritoneal cavity and continuously inject new fluid into the human peritoneal cavity to achieve dialysis.

[0098] Furthermore, the control device 4 is further configured to generate a dialysis record related to dialysis according to the treatment mode executed. In one example, the dialysis record includes the treatment mode executed by the solute replacement system during each dialysis, the number of dialysis sessions, and the duration of the dialysis.

[0099] In one embodiment, the control device 4 sends the dialysis record related to the dialysis to a computer device (e.g., a doctor's or patient's electronic device) that is communicatively connected to the control device 4, so that the medical staff or the patient can view the dialysis record. In one embodiment, the solute exchange system further includes a display device (display or touch screen) for displaying the dialysis record.

[0100] In one embodiment, the control device 4 can also send a prompt message to a computer device (such as a doctor's or patient's electronic device) that is communicatively connected to the control device 4 based on the dialysis record, or display the prompt message on a display device of the solute replacement system; wherein the prompt message includes but is not limited to prompt messages for consumable replacement, prompt messages to remind the user to perform dialysis treatment, etc.

[0101] In one embodiment, the solute replacement system further includes a dialysate line for delivering dialysate into a human body (e.g., a human peritoneal cavity). The dialysate line is located in the second channel of the interface line or in the fresh fluid line of the circulating replacement line. The dialysate line includes a dialysate container for storing dialysate. The dialysate in the dialysate container can be delivered to the human peritoneal cavity through the second channel by weight or driven by a pump. The following embodiments are described using the example of the dialysate line being located in the second channel.

[0102] See also Figure 16 , which shows a schematic diagram of the principle of a solute exchange system in another embodiment of the present application. As shown, the dialysate line 7 is located in the second channel 11 of the interface line 1. In this embodiment, when the dialysate stored in the dialysate container 70 is infused into the human body, the first channel 10 is closed to prevent the dialysate from flowing out of the first channel 10. After the dialysate infusion is completed, that is, when the dialysate in the human body reaches a predetermined infusion volume, the dialysate line 7 is closed and the first channel 10 of the interface line 1 is opened to allow waste fluid from the human body to be infused into the perfusion device 22 via the first channel 10 and the inlet line 20, and to allow new fluid treated by the perfusion device 22 to be re-infused into the human body via the new fluid line 21 and the second channel 11. In some embodiments, to achieve the above process, a valve for opening and closing the line may be provided on the second channel or the new fluid line. Furthermore, a pump may be provided on the dialysate line to drive the dialysate into the human body, eliminating the need to rely on gravity to infuse the dialysate into the human body, simplifying the doctor's operation and facilitating use in medical emergency situations. The pump on the dialysate pipeline is, for example, a peristaltic pump, a pneumatic diaphragm pump, or a pressure pump.

[0103] In some embodiments, the solute replacement system is used for the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury) or for medical first aid. Specifically, in medical first aid or in the treatment of AKI, it is necessary to quickly and efficiently perform dialysis treatment on the patient to improve the treatment effect or first aid effect. In one example, in special scenarios such as water shortage, earthquake, battlefield, concentrated outbreak of a large number of patients, medical first aid is needed for patients with crush syndrome, large-area burns / trauma, sepsis, severe diarrhea, severe dehydration, severe bleeding, or poisoning. In order to prevent / avoid the patient from developing AKI or renal and liver failure, or to avoid further aggravating the kidney burden when the patient develops AKI or renal and liver failure, it is necessary to quickly clean up the toxins of the patient, such as quickly performing dialysis treatment. The solute replacement system of the present application can continuously inject new fluid into the human peritoneal cavity without increasing the amount of dialysate used, thereby ensuring the efficiency of toxin removal from the body and eliminating the need to replace bagged dialysate. This allows for the efficient and rapid removal of toxins from the body through peritoneal dialysis without increasing the amount of dialysate used in medical emergency situations, especially in special scenarios, to prevent / avoid the patient from developing AKI or renal and liver failure, or to avoid further burdening the kidneys when the patient develops AKI or renal and liver failure.

[0104] In summary, the solute replacement system disclosed in the present application executes the CFPD treatment mode through the control device to control the driving device to drive the waste fluid to be discharged from the human peritoneal cavity through the interface pipeline and input into the perfusion device through the liquid inlet pipeline. The perfusion device removes toxins in the waste fluid to form new fluid, and the driving device drives the new fluid to be input into the human peritoneal cavity through the new fluid pipeline and the interface pipeline. In this way, the new fluid can be continuously input into the human peritoneal cavity without increasing the amount of dialysate used, thereby ensuring the efficiency of toxin removal in the body and eliminating the need to replace the bagged dialysate. In addition, in medical emergency, especially in special scenarios, it is achieved that the amount of dialysate used does not need to be increased and toxins in the body can be removed efficiently and quickly through peritoneal dialysis, so as to prevent / avoid patients from developing AKI or renal and liver failure, or in order to prevent patients from developing AKI or renal or liver failure to avoid further burdening the kidneys; further, the interface pipeline is configured as a double-lumen catheter, which only needs to be inserted once to complete the connection between the interface pipeline and the human body, thereby simplifying the doctor's operation in medical emergency and facilitating efficient and rapid dialysis treatment of patients; further, by configuring a venturi tube to deliver the supplementary fluid, the manufacturing cost of the solute replacement system can be reduced and the weight of the solute replacement system can be reduced, so that it can be used in emergency situations or in the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury); further, since the solute replacement system of the present application has a simple structure, is small and portable, is easy to operate, and has a low manufacturing cost, in addition to being used in medical emergency or in the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury), it can also be widely used in the treatment fields of other scenarios such as home.

[0105] The present application also provides a peritoneal dialysis device, which is a device for performing peritoneal dialysis on a human body, wherein the peritoneal dialysis device includes the solute replacement system described in any of the above embodiments.

[0106] In one embodiment, the peritoneal dialysis device can only perform the CAPD treatment mode, the APD treatment mode, the CFPD treatment mode, or the TPD treatment mode. In another embodiment, the peritoneal dialysis device can also perform a combination of multiple treatment modes among the CAPD treatment mode, the APD treatment mode, the TPD treatment mode, and the CFPD treatment mode.

[0107] In one embodiment, the peritoneal dialysis device further includes a portable case for installing the solute replacement system, so that the case can be moved or carried, thereby enabling the peritoneal dialysis device to be widely used in scenarios such as the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury), medical emergency, or home dialysis. The portable case includes an upper case and a lower case, and the upper case and the lower case define an internal space. The upper case can move relative to the lower case and can enable the case to be opened or closed. In one embodiment, the upper case and the lower case are movably connected by a hinge on one side, and when the upper case and the lower case are closed, part or all of the solute replacement system can be encapsulated in its internal space.

[0108] In one embodiment, the portable case is provided with a handle, which is located on the outer side of the upper case or the lower case. In one example, the handle is located on the side of the portable case opposite the hinge. For example, the handle is located on the outer side of the lower case. In one embodiment, a locking structure is further provided between the upper and lower cases, so that when the upper and lower cases are closed, the user can lock the two cases and lift the handle to move or carry the portable case.

[0109] In one embodiment, a support arm is provided between the lower box and the upper box for maintaining the lower box and the upper box at a preset angle when the portable box is in an open state. In one example, the support arm is two pairs of folding arms, which are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the portable box. Specifically, one end of each pair of folding arms is fixed to the inner wall of the lower box, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the upper box. When the box is opened, the two pairs of folding arms maintain the expanded state of the lower box and the upper box by their own damping characteristics.

[0110] In one embodiment, the drive device and the control device are configured in the lower box, and the interface pipeline and the circulation replacement pipeline are configured in the upper box. Furthermore, a fluid container that needs to rely on gravity to flow (such as a dialysate container) can be configured in the upper box during the dialysis process. It should be noted that this application does not limit the manner in which the solute replacement system is configured in the portable box. It only requires that the relevant components of the solute replacement system can be encapsulated in the internal space of the portable box when the upper box and the lower box are closed, and that the flow of fluid can be facilitated during the dialysis process.

[0111] The present application also provides a medical emergency device, comprising the solute exchange system described in any of the preceding embodiments, for performing dialysis on a human body during a medical emergency. In one embodiment, the medical emergency device can only perform a CAPD treatment mode, an APD treatment mode, a CFPD treatment mode, or a TPD treatment mode. In another embodiment, the medical emergency device can also perform a combination of multiple treatment modes among the CAPD treatment mode, the APD treatment mode, the TPD treatment mode, and the CFPD treatment mode.

[0112] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the medical emergency equipment also includes one or more of an electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor, a respiratory support device, a defibrillator, and a drug injection device, thereby achieving integrated medical operations. This significantly reduces the number and size of emergency equipment, allowing medical personnel to more conveniently and quickly select and use the required functions when performing emergency treatment.

[0113] In summary, the solute replacement system, peritoneal dialysis equipment and medical emergency equipment disclosed in the present application execute the CFPD treatment mode through the control device to control the driving device to drive the waste fluid to be discharged from the human peritoneal cavity through the interface pipeline and input into the perfusion device through the liquid inlet pipeline. The perfusion device removes toxins in the waste fluid to form new fluid, and the driving device drives the new fluid to be input into the human peritoneal cavity through the new fluid pipeline and the interface pipeline. In this way, the new fluid can be continuously input into the human peritoneal cavity without increasing the amount of dialysate used, thereby ensuring the efficiency of toxin removal in the body and eliminating the need to replace the bagged dialysate. In addition, in medical emergency, especially in special scenarios, it is achieved that the amount of dialysate used does not increase and toxins in the body can be removed efficiently and quickly through peritoneal dialysis, so as to prevent / avoid patients from developing AKI or renal and liver failure, or in order to In the event that the patient suffers from AKI or renal and liver failure, further burden on the kidneys is avoided; further, the interface pipeline is configured as a double-lumen catheter, which only needs to be inserted once to complete the connection between the interface pipeline and the human body, thereby simplifying the doctor's operation in medical emergency and facilitating efficient and rapid dialysis treatment of the patient; further, by configuring a Venturi tube to deliver the supplementary fluid, the manufacturing cost of the solute replacement system and the weight of the solute replacement system can be reduced, so that it can be used in emergency situations or in the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury); further, since the solute replacement system of the present application has a simple structure, is small and portable, is easy to operate, and has a low manufacturing cost, in addition to being used in medical emergency or in the treatment of AKI (acute kidney injury), it can also be widely used in the treatment fields of other scenarios such as home.

[0114] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and the beneficial effects achieved by this application and are not intended to limit this application. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the principles and scope of this application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations accomplished by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed in this application shall be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A solute replacement system, characterized in that: include: An interface pipe, one end of which is connected to the human body and includes a first channel for outputting waste fluid from the human body and a second channel for inputting new fluid into the human body; a circulating replacement pipeline, connected to the other end of the interface pipeline, comprising an inlet pipeline connected to the first channel to receive the waste liquid, a fresh liquid pipeline connected to the second channel to output the fresh liquid, and a perfusion device connected in series between the inlet pipeline and the fresh liquid pipeline, the perfusion device receiving the waste liquid to remove toxins therein before outputting it to the fresh liquid pipeline; A driving device, provided in the interface pipeline or the circulation replacement pipeline, for driving the waste liquid and the new liquid to flow; The control device is used to execute the CFPD treatment mode to control the driving device to drive the waste fluid and the new fluid to flow continuously.

2. The solute replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that The interface pipeline is configured as a double-lumen catheter, the first channel corresponds to the first lumen of the double-lumen catheter, and the second channel corresponds to the second lumen of the double-lumen catheter.

3. The solute replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that The interface pipeline includes a first catheter and a second catheter. The inner cavity of the first catheter corresponds to the first channel, and the inner cavity of the second catheter corresponds to the second channel.

4. The solute replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that The perfusion device includes a single perfusion device, multiple perfusion devices connected in series, multiple perfusion devices connected in parallel, or multiple perfusion devices combined in series and parallel.

5. The solute replacement system according to claim 4, characterized in that The cartridge is filled with a single adsorption material or a mixture of multiple adsorption materials, or the cartridge is filled with multiple adsorption materials in layers to form multiple adsorption layers.

6. The solute replacement system according to claim 4, characterized in that The perfusion device is filled with activated carbon; or a mixture of activated carbon and anion exchange material; or a mixture of activated carbon and cation exchange material; or a mixture of activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material.

7. The solute replacement system according to claim 4, characterized in that The perfusion device is filled with activated carbon and anion exchange material; or activated carbon and cation exchange material; or activated carbon, anion exchange material, and cation exchange material in layers.

8. The solute replacement system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The anion exchange material is configured to include hydrated zirconium oxide, zirconium hydroxide, sodium zirconium carbonate, or an anion exchange resin, and the cation exchange material is configured to include zirconium phosphate or a cation exchange resin.

9. The solute replacement system according to claim 1, characterized in that A supplementary fluid branch is provided downstream of the perfusion device for delivering supplementary fluid to the circulation replacement pipeline.

10. The solute replacement system according to claim 9, characterized in that The replenishing liquid branch line is provided with a container for storing the replenishing liquid, and a replenishing liquid pump for transporting the replenishing liquid in the container to the new liquid pipeline.

11. The solute replacement system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A venturi tube is provided downstream of the perfusion device, and the supplementary liquid branch is connected to the venturi tube so that the supplementary liquid is delivered to the circulation replacement pipeline through the venturi effect.

12. The solute replacement system according to claim 11, characterized in that A one-way valve is provided on the replenishing liquid branch line to open under the Venturi effect to allow the replenishing liquid to be delivered to the circulation replacement pipeline.

13. The solute replacement system according to claim 9, characterized in that The replenishing solution includes a hypertonic solute solution and / or an electrolyte solution.

14. The solute replacement system according to claim 13, characterized in that The hypertonic solute includes glucose.

15. The solute replacement system according to claim 14, characterized in that The glucose content in the hypertonic solute is 1.5% to 70%.

16. The solute replacement system according to claim 13, wherein: The electrolyte solution is configured to include potassium, calcium and magnesium.

17. The solute replacement system according to claim 16, wherein: The concentration range of potassium, calcium and magnesium can be configured to be 0 to 100 mmol / L.

18. The solute replacement system according to claim 1, wherein: The driving device includes a driving liquid pump arranged on the interface pipeline or the circulation replacement pipeline.

19. The solute replacement system according to claim 1, wherein: The driving device includes a first liquid pump configured on the liquid inlet pipeline and a second liquid pump configured on the new liquid pipeline, and is used to change the total amount of liquid equilibrium state of the solute replacement system through the differential speed of the first liquid pump and the second liquid pump.

20. The solute replacement system according to claim 1, wherein: The solute exchange system is used for the treatment of AKI or for medical emergency.

21. A peritoneal dialysis device, characterized in that: Comprising the solute displacement system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

22. A medical emergency device, characterized in that: Comprising the solute displacement system according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

Images